Md null schema

[hyanwong]

While thinking with metadata for the tskit poster, I remembered this on the queue. As discussed with @benjeffery - this is mostly a documentation PR, but it also changes behaviour so that str(tskit.MetadataSchema(schema=None)) returns "Null_schema" rather than None, which was pretty confusing, because tskit.MetadataSchema(schema=None) is None always returns False.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2720 (c3af8b0) into main (c12f384) will decrease coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2720      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   94.08%   94.07%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          29       29              
  Lines       28516    28518       +2     
  Branches     1609     1610       +1     
==========================================
+ Hits        26828    26829       +1     
  Misses       1653     1653              
- Partials       35       36       +1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
c-tests	92.36% <ø> (ø)
lwt-tests	89.05% <ø> (ø)
python-c-tests	70.89% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
python-tests	99.05% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
python/tskit/metadata.py	99.03% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
python/tskit/cli.py	96.18% <0.00%> (-0.77%)	⬇️

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[benjeffery]

LGTM!

[hyanwong]

Having looked at #2126, I wonder if, instead, we should report the str() as MetadataSchema(None), and indeed report all schemas like that? This would fully address #2126

[hyanwong]

I now think we should use this for the str representation of a schema:

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        if isinstance(self._schema, collections.OrderedDict):
            s = pprint.pformat(dict(self._schema))
        else:
            s = pprint.pformat(self._schema)
        if "\n" in s:
            return f"MetadataSchema(\n{s}\n)"
        else:
            return f"MetadataSchema({s})"

What do you think, @benjeffery ? Will this break anything?