Implementation of Ruff accross the project

.github/workflows/ruff.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: Ruff
+on: [ push, pull_request ]
+jobs:
+  ruff:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: chartboost/ruff-action@v1

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
+
 # Retail Demo Store
 
 A sample retail web application and workshop platform intended as an educational tool for demonstrating how AWS infrastructure and services can be used to build compelling customer experiences for eCommerce, retail, and digital marketing use-cases.
 
+# Build Status
+[![Ruff](./actions/workflows/ruff.yml/badge.svg)](./actions/workflows/ruff.yml)
+
+
+
 **This project is intended for educational purposes only and not for production use.**
 
 ![Retail Demo Store Home Page](./workshop/images/retaildemostore-home-devices.png)

generators/datagenerator/amplitude.py

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 # Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0
 
-import datagenerator
 import json
 import requests
-import yaml
 
 # Amplitude event support
 # This follows the Amplitude V2 HTTP Bulk API spec, here:

generators/datagenerator/file.py

@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ def __repr__(self):
     output = f'{self.event},{self.timestamp},{self.user_id},{self.anonymous_id},{self.platform}'
     if len(self.traits) > 0:
       output += self.traits
-    output += f'\n'
+    output += '\n'
     return output

generators/datagenerator/funnel.py

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@
 import random
 import numpy as np
 import datetime
-import inspect
 from datagenerator.output import OutputFormatter
-from collections.abc import Mapping, Iterable
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 
 class Funnel:
   def __init__(self, timestamp, funnel, user):

generators/datagenerator/output.py

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def to_amplitude(self, config, debug=False):
         batch.append(event)
       if len(batch) > 0:
         response = sender.send_batch(funnel.platform, batch, debug)
-        if response != None and response.status_code > 200:
+        if response is not None and response.status_code > 200:
           print(f'Error sending to Amplitude: {response.text}')
     print(f'Processed {count} funnels...') 
 
@@ -80,6 +80,6 @@ def to_segment(self, config_file, debug=False):
         batch.append(event)
       if len(batch) > 0:
         response = sender.send_batch(funnel.platform, batch, debug)
-        if response != None and response.status_code > 200:
+        if response is not None and response.status_code > 200:
           print(f'Error sending to Segment: {response.text}')
     print(f'Processed {count} funnels...')

generators/datagenerator/segment.py

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def send_batch(self, platform, events, debug=False):
     }
 
     key = self.config_keys[platform]
-    if key != None:
+    if key is not None:
       events_str = json.dumps(batch_events, default=lambda x: x.__dict__) 
       #print(f'Batch length bytes: {len(events_str)}')
       if debug:

generators/datagenerator/users.py

@@ -2,12 +2,8 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0
 
 import random
-import datetime
-import uuid
 import json
-import numpy as np
 import gzip
-import codecs
 import bisect
 from faker import Faker
 from faker.providers import internet
@@ -130,7 +126,7 @@ def new_file(cls, filename, num_users,
 
 class User:
   def __init__(self, category_preference_personas, selectable_user, id_string=None):
-    if(id_string != None):
+    if(id_string is not None):
       self.id = id_string
     else:
       self.id = str(random.randint(1000000000, 99999999999))
@@ -196,7 +192,7 @@ def __init__(self, category_preference_personas, selectable_user, id_string=None
     ]
 
   def set_traits(self, traits):
-    if traits != None:
+    if traits is not None:
       for (k,v) in traits.items():
         self.traits[k] = random.choice(v)
 

generators/generate_interactions_personalize.py

@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ def generate_user_items(out_users_filename, out_items_filename, in_users_filenam
                                                             'promoted': 'PROMOTED'})
     # Since GENDER column requires a value for all rows, default all nulls to "Any"
     products_dataset_df['GENDER'].fillna(GENDER_ANY, inplace = True)
-    products_dataset_df.loc[products_dataset_df['PROMOTED'] == True, 'PROMOTED'] = 'Y'
-    products_dataset_df['PROMOTED'].fillna(NOT_PROMOTED, inplace = True)
+    products_dataset_df['PROMOTED'].fillna(False, inplace = True)
+    products_dataset_df['PROMOTED'] = products_dataset_df['PROMOTED'].replace({True: 'Y', False: 'N'})
     products_dataset_df.to_csv(out_items_filename, index=False)
 
     users_dataset_df = users_df[['id', 'age', 'gender']]
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@ def generate_interactions(out_interactions_filename, users_df, products_df):
     average_product_price = int(products_df.price.mean())
     print('Average product price: ${:.2f}'.format(average_product_price))
 
-    if seconds_increment <= 0: raise AssertionError(f"Should never happen: {seconds_increment} <= 0")
+    if seconds_increment <= 0: 
+        raise AssertionError(f"Should never happen: {seconds_increment} <= 0")
 
     print('Minimum interactions to generate: {}'.format(min_interactions))
     print('Starting timestamp: {} ({})'.format(next_timestamp,
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ def generate_interactions(out_interactions_filename, users_df, products_df):
                     first_prod = user_category_to_first_prod[usercat_key]
                     prods_subset_df = product_affinities_bycatgender[(category, gender)][first_prod]
 
-                if not usercat_key in user_category_to_first_prod:
+                if usercat_key not in user_category_to_first_prod:
                     # If the user has not yet selected a first product for this category
                     # we do it by choosing between all products for gender.
 
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ def generate_interactions(out_interactions_filename, users_df, products_df):
 
             user_to_product[user['id']].add(product['id'])
 
-            if not usercat_key in user_category_to_first_prod:
+            if usercat_key not in user_category_to_first_prod:
                 user_category_to_first_prod[usercat_key] = product['id']
 
             # Decide if the product the user is interacting with is discounted

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+[tool.ruff]
+# Enable pycodestyle (`E`) and Pyflakes (`F`) codes by default.
+select = ["E", "F"]
+
+# bastil@ ignore Line too long E501 for now - gives too many warnings
+ignore = ["E501"]
+
+# Allow autofix for all enabled rules (when `--fix`) is provided.
+fixable = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "I", "N", "Q", "S", "T", "W", "ANN", "ARG", "BLE", "COM", "DJ", "DTZ", "EM", "ERA", "EXE", "FBT", "ICN", "INP", "ISC", "NPY", "PD", "PGH", "PIE", "PL", "PT", "PTH", "PYI", "RET", "RSE", "RUF", "SIM", "SLF", "TCH", "TID", "TRY", "UP", "YTT"]
+unfixable = []
+
+# Exclude a variety of commonly ignored directories.
+exclude = [
+    ".bzr",
+    ".direnv",
+    ".eggs",
+    ".git",
+    ".git-rewrite",
+    ".hg",
+    ".mypy_cache",
+    ".nox",
+    ".pants.d",
+    ".pytype",
+    ".ruff_cache",
+    ".svn",
+    ".tox",
+    ".venv",
+    "__pypackages__",
+    "_build",
+    "buck-out",
+    "build",
+    "dist",
+    "node_modules",
+    "venv",
+]
+
+# Same as Black.
+line-length = 88
+
+# Allow unused variables when underscore-prefixed.
+dummy-variable-rgx = "^(_+|(_+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?))$"
+
+# Assume Python 3.10
+target-version = "py310"
+
+[tool.ruff.mccabe]
+# Unlike Flake8, default to a complexity level of 10.
+max-complexity = 10

src/aws-lambda/alexa-skill-lambda/alexa-skill-lambda.py

@@ -16,15 +16,12 @@
 from ask_sdk_core.skill_builder import SkillBuilder
 from ask_sdk_core.dispatch_components import AbstractRequestHandler
 from ask_sdk_core.dispatch_components import AbstractExceptionHandler
-from ask_sdk_core.handler_input import HandlerInput
 
 from ask_sdk_model.dialog import ElicitSlotDirective, DynamicEntitiesDirective, DelegateDirective
 from ask_sdk_model.dialog_state import DialogState
 from ask_sdk_model.er.dynamic import Entity, EntityValueAndSynonyms, EntityListItem, UpdateBehavior
 from ask_sdk_model.slu.entityresolution import StatusCode
 
-from ask_sdk_model.interfaces.connections import SendRequestDirective
-from ask_sdk_model.ui import AskForPermissionsConsentCard
 
 import boto3
 import json
@@ -117,7 +114,7 @@ def get_cognito_user_details(handler_input):
         logger.info(f"Got user info from Cognito: {user_details}")
 
         if 'custom:profile_user_id' not in user_details:
-            logger.warning(f"Profile user has not been selected for Cognito user")
+            logger.warning("Profile user has not been selected for Cognito user")
             raise Exception("Must use default user because simulation user not selected.")
         else:
             user_details['cognito_loaded'] = True
@@ -210,7 +207,7 @@ def is_pinpoint_email_channel_enabled() -> bool:
         email_channel_response = pinpoint.get_email_channel(ApplicationId=PINPOINT_APP_ID)
     except ClientError as error:
         logger.info('Unable to find Email Channel configured for Pinpoint application: {}'.format(error))
-        return False; 
+        return False 
 
     email_channel_from_address = None
     email_channel_enabled = False
@@ -245,7 +242,7 @@ def send_order_confirm_email(handler_input, orders, add_images=True):
     # Specify content:
     subject = "Your order has been received!"
     heading = "Welcome,"
-    subheading = f"Your order has been placed."
+    subheading = "Your order has been placed."
     intro_text = f"""We will meet you at your pump with the following order ({order_ids}):"""
     html_intro_text = intro_text.replace('\n', '</p><p>')
 
@@ -897,12 +894,12 @@ def handle(self, handler_input):
 
         order_response = submit_order(handler_input)
         send_order_confirm_email(handler_input, [order_response], False)
-        speak_output += f"It will be ready when you arrive" 
+        speak_output += "It will be ready when you arrive" 
         if user_details['cognito_loaded']:            
             name = user_details.get('custom:profile_first_name', '')
             speak_output += f"  {name}"                   
 
-        speak_output += f". Hope to see you again soon."
+        speak_output += ". Hope to see you again soon."
         return (
             handler_input.response_builder
                 .speak(speak_output)

src/aws-lambda/ivs-create-channels/ivs-create-channels.py

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ def create_ivs_channels(event, _):
                     Type='String',
                     Overwrite=True
                 )
-        except botocore.exceptions.EndpointConnectionError as ex:
+        except botocore.exceptions.EndpointConnectionError:
             logger.error("Could not create any IVS channels - probably because IVS is not supported in region. "
                          f"Channel name: {channel_name}. Region: {ivs_client.meta.region_name}")
 
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ def delete_all_channels(event, _):
     """
         Deletes all IVS channels referenced in the SSM_VIDEO_CHANNEL_MAP_PARAM.
     """
-    logger.info(f"Deleting all IVS channels in stack")
+    logger.info("Deleting all IVS channels in stack")
     if is_ssm_parameter_set(SSM_VIDEO_CHANNEL_MAP_PARAM):
         video_channel_param_value = ssm_client.get_parameter(Name=SSM_VIDEO_CHANNEL_MAP_PARAM)['Parameter']['Value']
         video_channel_map = json.loads(video_channel_param_value)

src/aws-lambda/location-geofence-event/location-geofence-event.py

@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ def send_pickup_sms(all_orders, add_order_details=False):
     Returns:
         Nothing but sends an SMS.
     """
-    logger.info(f"Collecting phone numbers to send SMSs")
+    logger.info("Collecting phone numbers to send SMSs")
 
     phone_to_orders = defaultdict(list)
     for order in all_orders:
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ def remove_browser_notification_connections(user_id, connection_ids):
         UpdateExpression='DELETE connectionIds :c',
         ExpressionAttributeValues=dynamo_update_expression
     )
-    logger.info(f"Gone connections deleted")
+    logger.info("Gone connections deleted")
 
 
 def send_browser_notification(user_id, data):

src/aws-lambda/personalize-pre-create-resources/delete_dataset_groups.py

@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ def _delete_dataset_group(dataset_group_arn: str, wait_for_resources: bool = Tru
             logger.info('Waiting for dataset group to be deleted')
             time.sleep(20)
         else:
-            raise ResourcePending(f'Dataset group still being deleted')
+            raise ResourcePending('Dataset group still being deleted')
 
 def delete_dataset_groups(dataset_group_names: List[str], region: str = None, wait_for_resources: bool = True):
     min_botocore_version = '1.23.15' # As of re:Invent 2021 when domain recommenders were added to the API

src/aws-lambda/pinpoint-auto-workshop/pinpoint-auto-workshop.py

@@ -88,10 +88,11 @@ def create_email_template(template_name, template_fname_root, subject, descripti
                 TemplateName=template_name
             )
             break
-        except pinpoint.exceptions.BadRequestException as e:
+        except pinpoint.exceptions.BadRequestException:
             try:
-                delete_response = pinpoint.delete_email_template(TemplateName=template_name)
-            except:
+                pinpoint.delete_email_template(TemplateName=template_name)
+            except BaseException as error:
+                logger.info('An exception occurred: {}'.format(error))
                 pass
             backoff_seconds = 30
             logger.info(f"Waiting for old template to delete: {template_name} - waiting {backoff_seconds} seconds")
@@ -133,10 +134,11 @@ def create_sms_template(template_name, body, description, recommender_id=None):
                 TemplateName=template_name
             )
             break
-        except pinpoint.exceptions.BadRequestException as e:
+        except pinpoint.exceptions.BadRequestException:
             try:
-                delete_response = pinpoint.delete_sms_template(TemplateName=template_name)
-            except:
+                pinpoint.delete_sms_template(TemplateName=template_name)
+            except BaseException as error:
+                logger.info('An exception occurred: {}'.format(error))
                 pass
             backoff_seconds = 30
             logger.info(f"Waiting for old template to delete: {template_name} - waiting {backoff_seconds} seconds")
@@ -275,7 +277,7 @@ def create_all_email_users_segment(application_id):
     Returns:
     Segment config. Returns even if already exists.
     """
-    segment_name = f'AllEmailUsers'
+    segment_name = 'AllEmailUsers'
     segment_config = get_segment(application_id, segment_name)
 
     if not segment_config:

src/aws-lambda/pinpoint-sms-alerts/pinpoint-sms-alerts.py

@@ -13,11 +13,8 @@
 
 import json
 import boto3
-import botocore
 import logging
 import os
-from datetime import datetime, timedelta
-from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
 
 logger = logging.getLogger()
 logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

src/aws-lambda/segment-personalize-events-destination/segment-personalize-events-destination.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 # Initialize the Amazon Personalize events boto object
 personalize_events = boto3.client('personalize-events')
 
-if not 'personalize_tracking_id' in os.environ or os.environ['personalize_tracking_id'] == '':
+if 'personalize_tracking_id' not in os.environ or os.environ['personalize_tracking_id'] == '':
     logger.error("Missing personalize_tracking_id environment variable in lambda configuration.")
     raise Exception('personalize_tracking_id not configured as environment variable')
 else:
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def lambda_handler(event, context):
             # Make sure this event contains an itemId since this is required for the Retail Demo Store
             # dataset - you can also check for specific event names here if needed, and only pass the ones
             # that you want to use in the training dataset
-            if (not 'productId' in event['properties']):
+            if ('productId' not in event['properties']):
                 logger.debug("Got event with no productId, discarding.")
                 return
 
@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ def lambda_handler(event, context):
 
             logger.debug('put_events parameters: {}'.format(json.dumps(params, indent = 2)))
             # Call put_events
-            response = personalize_events.put_events(**params)
+            personalize_events.put_events(**params)
         else:
             logger.debug("Segment event does not contain required fields (anonymousId and sku)")
-    except ValueError as ve:
+    except ValueError:
         logger.error("Invalid JSON format received, check your event sources.")
-    except KeyError as ke:
+    except KeyError:
         logger.error("Invalid configuration for Personalize, most likely.")
     except ClientError as ce:
         logger.error("ClientError: ")