Date Complexity
Table of Contents
Adoption of Gregorian Calendar, by Jurisdiction
| Jurisdiction | Date of Adoption |
|---|---|
| Albania | 1912 |
| Bulgaria | 1916 |
| China | 1912 |
| Denmark | Pre-FRUS |
| Egypt | 1875 |
| Estonia | 1918 |
| Finland | Pre-FRUS |
| France | Pre-FRUS |
| Great Britain | Pre-FRUS |
| Greece | 1923 |
| Italy | Pre-FRUS |
| Japan | 1873 |
| Korea | 1896 |
| Latvia | 1915 |
| Lithuania | 1915 |
| Luxembourg | Pre-FRUS |
| Norway | Pre-FRUS |
| Poland | Pre-FRUS |
| Portugal | Pre-FRUS |
| Romania | 1919 |
| Spain | Pre-FRUS |
| Sweden | Pre-FRUS |
| Swiss Cantons | Pre-FRUS |
| Turkey | 1926 |
| United States | Pre-FRUS |
| USSR | 1918 |
| Yugoslavia | 1919 |
Official documents such as treaties may include a parallel date phrase referring to the year in relation to the establishment of the republic of Brazil.
<date when="1889-12-23" calendar="gregorian brazilian-republic">
the 23d of December, 1889, first year of the Republic
</date><date when="1906-06-30" calendar="gregorian brazilian-republic">
June 30, 1906, 18th of the Republic
</date>Prior to 1912, Chinese dating systems often referred to the reign or era of particular rulers of China.
<date when="1904-03-09" calendar="chinese-era chinese-lunisolar gregorian">
Kuanghsü XXX year, first moon, 23d day. (March 9, 1904.)
</date><date when="1901-01-14" calendar="chinese-era gregorian">
<hi rend="smallcaps">Kuang Hsü</hi>, <hi rend="italic">26th year,
11th month, 24th day</hi> (<hi rend="italic">January 14, 1901</hi>)
</date><date when="1926-01-16" calendar="chinese-era">
Of the Chinese Republic the fifteenth year, the first month,
and the sixteenth day
</date>| Reign Years | Reign Title | Other Names and Variant Spellings |
|---|---|---|
| 1736–1795 | Emperor Qianlong | Qiánlóng, Gāozōng, Hónglì |
| 1796–1820 | Emperor Jiaqing | Rénzōng, Jiāqìng, Yóngyǎn |
| 1821–1850 | Emperor Daoguang | Dàoguāng, Xuānzōng, Mínníng |
| 1851–1861 | Emperor Xianfeng | Wénzōng, Wenzong, Yìzhǔ |
| 1862–1874 | Emperor Dongzhi | Mùzōng, Muzong, Zǎichún, Tongzhi, Tungchi, Tung-Chi, Tung-Chih, T’ung Chi, [Fungchi (?)], [Dochi (?)] |
| 1875–1908 | Emperor Guangxu | Kuanghsü, Kuang Hsü, Kuang Sü, Dézōng, Tezong, Zǎitián |
| 1909–1911 | Emperor Xuantong | Gongzōng, Pui |
Sources:
- The Metropolitan Museum of Art: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/chem/hd_chem.htm]
- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_China#Qing_dynasty_(清朝)_(1644–1912)
The traditional Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar. While it has been supplanted by the Gregorian calendar for civil purposes, the Chinese calendar is still used in the determination of community events such as festivals.
<date when="1901-10-10" calendar="chinese-lunisolar gregorian">
Eighth moon, 28th day (October 10, 1901)
</date><date when="1904-03-09" calendar="chinese-era chinese-lunisolar Gregorian">
Kuanghsü XXX year, first moon, 23d day. (March 9, 1904.)
</date>- Hong Kong Observatory - Gregorian-Lunar Calendar Conversion Table: http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/conversion.htm
- TimeAndDate.com - The Chinese Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/about-chinese.html
Official documents such as treaties may include a parallel date phrase referring to the year in relation to the establishment of the republic of China.
<date when="1912-03-10" calendar="gregorian chinese-republic">
March 10, 1st year of the Republic of China [1912]
</date><date when="1916-03-27" calendar="gregorian chinese-republic">
March 27, 1916 (27th day of the third month of the fifth year of the Chinese Republic)
</date>The Ethiopian Ge’ez calendar is used in Ethiopia's civil society as well as the Orthodox Church in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The solar-based Ethiopian calendar is related to the Coptic and Julian calendars. According to TimeAndDate.com, "The main point of difference lies in the calculation of the date of the birth of Jesus, which means that the Ethiopian calendar is 7 to 8 years behind the Gregorian calendar."
<date when="1914-12-24" calendar="ethiopian-geez gregorian">Written
15th Tehsass 1907 (Abyssinian date) Year of Grace Adis Ababa.<lb/>
24th of December 1914 (European date)</date><date when="1927-04-30" calendar="ethiopian-geez gregorian">
<hi rend="italic">22nd of Mazia, 1919</hi>
(<hi rend="italic">April 30, 1927</hi>)</date>| Month in Ethopian Ge’ez Calendar | Other Names and Variant Spellings | Amharic |
|---|---|---|
| Mäskäräm | Maskaram, Maskarram | መስከረም |
| Ṭəqəmt | Ṭəqəmti, Teqemt, Teqemti, Tekemr | ጥቅምት |
| Ḫədar | Hedar, Hadar | ኅዳር |
| Taḫśaś | Tahsas, Tehsass | ታኅሣሥ |
| Ṭərr | Ṭərri, Tubah, Tarr | ጥር |
| Yäkatit | Yakatit, Läkatit, Lakatit, Yekatit | የካቲት |
| Mägabit | Magabit, Makawit | መጋቢት |
| Miyazya | Mazia, Miaziah | ሚያዝያ |
| Gənbo | Gənbot, Genbo, Genbot | ግንቦት |
| Säne | Sane, Sanni | ሰኔ |
| Ḥamle | Hamle | ሐምሌ |
| Nähase | Nahase, Nashi | ነሐሴ |
| Ṗagʷəmen | Ṗagume, Pagwemen, Pagume, Quaggimi | ጳጐሜን, ጳጉሜ |
- Ethiopian calendar converter: https://calendar.zoznam.sk/ethiopian_calendar-en.php
- TimeAndDate.com - The Ethiopian Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/ethiopia-calendar.html
- Wikipedia - The Ethiopian Calendar: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar
The Gregorian calendar is widely used worldwide and is the calendar system used in the international standard for dates and times (ISO 8601). The solar-based Gregorian calendar is also known as the Western calendar or Christian calendar.
Because the U.S. Department of State is headquartered in the United States, the majority of datelines in FRUS refer to the Gregorian calendar or have parallel date statements.
<date when="1904-04-27" calendar="gregorian">
the 27th of April, 1904
</date><date when="1982-09-21T13:45:00" calendar="gregorian">
September 21, 1982, 1345Z
</date><date when="1917-03-18" calendar="julian gregorian">
<hi rend="italic">March 5/18, 1917</hi>
</date><date when="1918-03-01" calendar="gregorian julian">
March 1/February 16, 1918
</date><date when="1927-04-30" calendar="ethiopian-geez gregorian">
<hi rend="italic">22nd of Mazia, 1919</hi>
(<hi rend="italic">April 30, 1927</hi>)</date>- TimeAndDate.com - The Gregorian Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/gregorian-calendar.html
- TimeAndDate.com - From Julian to Gregorian Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/julian-gregorian-switch.html
Official documents such as treaties may include a parallel date phrase referencing the year of the republic of Haiti (formerly Hayti).
<date when="1906-08-28" calendar="haitian-era">
August 28, year 103 of the independence
</date><date when="1890-05-28" calendar="gregorian haitian-republic">
the 28th of May, 1890, the eighty-seventh year of independence
</date>The Islamic calendar, or Hijri or Muslim calendar, is a lunar calendar, whose time reckoning is tied to the phases of the Earth's moon. The Hijri calendar is used by many Muslim-majority countries and by Muslims around the world to determine the dates of religious events and observances.
<date when="1901-08-18" calendar="hijri">
Year 1319, Jamad-el-Ewel the third
</date><date when="1942-05-13" calendar="hijri gregorian">
27 Babee El Thani 1361 (13 May 1942)
</date>- IslamiCity - Hijri Gregorian Converter: http://www.islamicity.org/hijri-gregorian-converter/
- TimeAndDate.com - The Islamic Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/islamic-calendar.html
| Month in Islamic Calendar | Variant Spellings | Arabic |
|---|---|---|
| Muḥarram | Muharram, Moharram | مُحَرَّم |
| Ṣafar | Safar, Saffar, Sefer | صفر |
| Rabī‘ al-awwal | Rabi' al-awwal, Rebbi-al-ewel, Rabih | ربيع الأوّل |
| Rabī‘ ath-thānī | Rabī‘ al-Thānī, Rabī‘ al-Tānī, Rabī’ al-Ākhir, Rabi el tami, Rabee El Thani, Rabi’Tani, Rebbi-ul-Akbir, Rebi-ul-Ewel, Rabih | بيع الثاني , ربيع الآخر |
| Jumādá al-ūlá | Ǧumādā al-ʾAwwal, Jumada al-awwal, Jumada al-ula, Jumada al-Ula, Jumada, Jumada I, Jamadi-ol-Aval, Jumada al-Oola, Jamad-el-Ewel, Jumadil Awwal, Djémazi-ul-ewel, Djemazi-ul-evvel, Youmada 1st, Jamadi-es-Sani | جمادى الأولى |
| Jumādá al-ākhirah | Ǧumādā al-ʾĀḫir, Ǧumādā aṮ-Ṯānī, Iamadi, Jumaada al-Akhir, Jumada al-Akhira, Jumādā al-āḵir, Jumada II | جمادى الثاني |
| Rajab | Rajah | رجب |
| Sha’bān | Sha’ban, Sha‘bān, Sha‘ban, Shaaban, Chaban | شعبان |
| Ramaḍān | Ramadan, Ramadhan, Ramazam | رمضان |
| Shawwāl | Shawwal, Shawal | شوّال |
| Dhū al-Qa‘dah | Dhu'l-Qi'dah, Dhu'l-Qa'dah, Ḏū l-Qaʿdah, Zulqida, Zeekadeh, Zee Radah (typo for Zee Kadah?) | ذو القعدة |
| Dhū al-Ḥijjah | Dhu al-Hijjah, Dhu'l-Hijjah, Zulhijja, Zi El-Hidjah, Zil-Hajj | ذو الحجة |
The Solar Hijri calendar, or Persian or Iranian calendar, is a solar calendar, whose time reckoning is tied to the Earth's movements around its sun. The Persian calendar is officially used in Iran and Afghanistan.
<date when="1927-06-20" calendar="iranian-persian gregorian">
<hi rend="italic">Khordad 29, 1306/June 20, 1927</hi>
</date><date when="1938-10-09" calendar="gregorian iranian-persian">
October 9, 1938 (Mehrmah, 17, 1317)
</date>| Month in Iranian/Persian/Solar Hijri Calendar | Variant Spellings | Persian |
|---|---|---|
| farvardin | Farvardin, Farvardīn | فروردین |
| ordibehešt | Ordibehesht, Ordībehešt | اردیبهشت |
| xordâd | Khordad, Khordād | خرداد |
| tir | Tir | تیر |
| mordâd | Mordad, A-Mordād | مرداد |
| šahrivar | Shahrivar, Shahrīvar | شهریور |
| mehr | Mehr, Mehrmah | مهر |
| âbân | Aban, Ābān | آبان |
| âzar | Azar, Āzar | آذر |
| dey | Dey | دی |
| bahman | Bahman | بهمن |
| esfand | Esfand, Espand | اسفند |
- Persian Calendar Converter: https://calendar.zoznam.sk/persian_calendar-en.php
- TimeAndDate.com Persian Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/persian-calendar.html
- Wikipedia - Iranian Calendars: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_calendars
- Persian Phrasebook: Seasons and Months: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Persian/Phrasebook/Seasons_and_Months
The Japanese nengō is a periodization system that, during the FRUS timeframe, is based on the reign of Japanese emperors.
<date when="1904-10-02" calendar="japanese-nengō gregorian">
the 10th day of the 2nd month of the 37th year of Meiji (1904)
</date><date when="1905-12-22" calendar="japanese-nengō chinese-era chinese-lunisolar gregorian">
this 22d day of the 12th month of the 38th year of Meiji, corresponding
to the 26th day of the 11th moon of the 31st year of Kuang Hsu
(December 22, 1905)
</date><date when="1940-10-15" calendar="japanese-nengō gregorian">
<hi rend="smallcaps">October</hi> 15, 15th Year of Showa (1940)
</date>| Gregorian Year | Nengō | Emperor | Variant and Other Spellings |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1772 | An'ei | Emperor Kōkaku, 1780–1817 | |
| 1781 | Tenmei | ||
| 1789 | Kansei | ||
| 1801 | Kyōwa | ||
| 1804 | Bunka | Emperor Ninkō, 1817–1846 | |
| 1818 | Bunsei | ||
| 1830 | Tenpō (also Tenhō) | ||
| 1844 | Kōka | Emperor Kōmei, 1846–1867 | |
| 1848 | Kaei | ||
| 1854 | Ansei | ||
| 1860 | Man'en | ||
| 1861 | Bunkyū | Bunkin, Bunkiu, Bunion, Bunn-Cue, Boen-Cun, | |
| 1864 | Genji | Gengi | |
| 1865 | Keiō | Ke Yu, Kaiao | |
| 1868 | Meiji | Emperor Meiji, 1868–1912 | Miji |
| 1912 | Taishō | Emperor Taishō, 1912–1926 | |
| 1926 | Shōwa | Emperor Shōwa, 1926–1989 | |
| 1989 | Heisei | Akihito, 1989– |
Source:
- Wikipedia - List of Japanese Era Names: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Japanese_era_names
- Britannia - Chronology - Japanese: https://www.britannica.com/topic/chronology#ref523174
Reforming the lunar-based Roman calendar, the Julian calendar was solar-based and tied to the Earth's rotation around the sun. Proposed by Julius Ceasar, the Julian calendar was widely used throughout the Roman Empire and in Christian churches and gained dominance in Europe and European-sponsored settlements. While the Gregorian calendar was first introduced in 1582, the Julian calendar was maintained in some countries even through the 1930s. The Julian calendar is still used by the Russian Orthodox Church, the Berber people of North Africa, and on Mount Athos.
<date when="1904-02-16" calendar="julian">
Russian calendar, February 3, 1904
</date><date when="1904-10-30" calendar="julian gregorian">
October 30/17, 1904
</date>- Julian-Gregorian Calendar Converter: https://stevemorse.org/jcal/julian.html
- Julian-Gregorian Conversion Table: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_between_Julian_and_Gregorian_calendars#Conversion_table
- TimeAndDate.com - The Julian Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/julian-calendar.html
- TimeAndDate.com - From Julian to Gregorian Calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/julian-gregorian-switch.html
Korean dating systems often referred to the reign or era of particular rulers of Korea.
<date when="1901-02-26" calendar="korean-era">
Fifth year Kwang Mu, February 26
</date><date when="1910-06-24" calendar="korean-era">
Twenty-fourth day of the sixth month of the fourth year of Lyung Heni
</date><date when="1894-08-25" calendar="japanese-nengō korean-era korean-lunar gregorian">
this 26th day of the seventh moon of the five hundred and third year of Ta Chosen
[Korea] and the 26th of August of the twenty-seventh year of Meiji [August 25, 1894]
</date>| Reign | Personal Name (Westernized) | Personal Name (Hangul/Hanja) | Courtesy Name, Temple Name, and Other Variants |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1724–1776 | Yi Geum | 이금 (李昑) | Gunjin, Songheon, Taejo, Emperor Go |
| 1776–1800 | Yi San | 이산 (李祘) | Hyeongun, Hongjae, Jeongjo |
| 1800–1834 | Yi Gong | 이공 (李玜) | Gongbo, Sunjae, Sunjo |
| 1834–1849 | Yi Hwan | 이환 (李烉) | Muneung, Wonheon, Heonjong |
| 1849–1863 | Yi Byeon | 이변 (李昪) | Doseung, Daeyongjae, Cheoljong |
| 1863–1907 | Yi Myeong-bok, Yi Hui | 이명복 (李命福), 이희 (李㷩) | Seongrim, Juyeon, Gojong, Kojong , Emperor Tae, Gaeguk, Geonyang, Gwangmu, Kwangmu, Kwang Mu, Gwangmuje, Kwangmuje |
| 1907-1910 | Yi Cheok | 이척 (李坧) | Gundang, Jeongheon, Sunjong, Emperor Hyo, Emperor Yunghui, Yunghui, Yunghuije, Yunghŭije, Lyung Heni |
Source:
- Wikipedia - List of monarchs of Korean: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Korea
Derived from the Chinese calendar, the traditional Korean calendar is a lunisolar calendar.
<date when="1894-08-25" calendar="japanese-nengō korean-era korean-lunar gregorian">
this 26th day of the seventh moon of the five hundred and third year of Ta Chosen
[Korea] and the 26th of August of the twenty-seventh year of Meiji [August 25, 1894]
</date>Official documents such as treaties may include a parallel date phrase referencing the year of the republic of Liberia.
<date when="1930-04-07" calendar="gregorian liberian-republic">
this 7th day of April in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Nine
Hundred and Thirty and of the Republic the Eighty-Third
</date>Among the different Masonic calendars, Anno Lucis (A.L. or A:.L:. or the year of light) is used by Freemasons in Scotland, England, Ireland, France, Germany, and the United States. The “year of light” refers to a particular Biblical interpretation of the creation of the world (~4000 BCE).
<date when="1865-06-18" ana="#date_undated-inferred-from-document-content"
calendar="masonic-anno-lucis">
24th day of the 3d month, in the year of light 5865
</date><date when="1865-06-10" calendar="masonic-anno-lucis">
<hi rend="italic">16th day of the 3d month, in the year of light</hi> 5865</date>- Masonic Calendar: https://www.masonic-lodge-of-education.com/masonic-calendar.html
- Wikipedia - Anno Lucis: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_Lucis
Papal era dates referred to the year in relation to the term of the current Catholic pope.
<date when="1873-05-20" calendar="gregorian papal-era">
die XX Maii MDCCCLXXIII Pontificatus Nostri anno vicesimo septimo
</date><date when="1853-07-29" calendar="gregorian papal-era">
the 29th day of July, 1853, in the eighth year of our pontificate
</date>The Roman calendar was used by the Roman Kingdom and Roman Republic. Roman dates were referenced by their duration from one of three key days: the nones (fifth or seventh, depending on the length of the month), the ides (the thirteenth or fifteenth of a month), and the kalends (the first of the next month).
<date when="1840-04-27" calendar="roman papal-era gregorian">
in the year of the incarnation of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred
and forty, on the fifth day before the kalends of May (27th April, 1840),
in the tenth year of our pontificate
</date>The Rumi calendar (Rumi takvim), a hsolar calendar based on the Julian calendar but with year one corresponding to 622 A.D., This calendar was used by the Ottoman Empire and its successor, the Republic of Turkey, from 1839 to 1926.
<date when="1909-05-05" calendar="rumi gregorian">
<hi rend="smallcaps">Nissan</hi>, 21, 1325.<lb/>
(May 5, 1909.)
</date>| Month | Turkish | Spelling Variants | Ottoman |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kânûn-ı Sânî | Kanun-i Sani | كانون ثانی |
| 2 | Şubat | Subat | شباط |
| 3 | Mart | مارت | |
| 4 | Nisan | نیسان | |
| 5 | Mayıs | Mayis | مایس |
| 6 | Haziran | حزیران | |
| 7 | Temmuz | تموز | |
| 8 | Ağustos | Agustos | اغستوس |
| 9 | Eylül | Eylul | ایلول |
| 10 | Teşrin-i Evvel | Tesrin-i Evvel | تشرین اول |
| 11 | Teşrin-i Sânî | Tesrin-i Sani | تشرین ثانی |
| 12 | Kânûn-ı Evvel | Kanun-i Evvel | كانون اول |
- Wikipedia - Rumi calendar: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumi_calendar
- Wikipedia - Conversion between the Rumi and Gregorian calendars: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumi_calendar#Conversion_between_the_Rumi_and_Gregorian_calendars
- American University LibGuides - Calendar Converters: http://aub.edu.lb.libguides.com/c.php?g=276493
Official documents such as treaties may include a parallel date phrase referring to the year in relation to the 1782 establishment of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (Siam and, later, the Kingdom of Thailand).
<date when="1905-03-31" calendar="thai-era">
the 31st day of March, Ratanakosindr Sok, 123
</date>[Note: the 123 above refers to 123rd year of Rattanakosin Kingdom, or 1905]
| Reign | Name | Other Name and Spelling Variants |
|---|---|---|
| 1782-1809 | Rama I | Phrabat Somdet Phra Ramathibodi Sri Sinthra, Maha Chakri Boromanat, Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great |
| 1809-1824 | Rama II | Phrabat Somdet Phra Ramathibodi Sri Sinthra, Maha Itsarasunthon, Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai |
| 1824-1851 | Rama III | Phrabat Somdet Phra Ramathibodi Sri Sinthra, Maha Jessadabodindra, Phra Nang Klao Chao Yu Hua, Phra Maha Jesataraj Chao |
| 1851-1868 | Rama IV | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra, Maha Mongkut, Phra Chom Klao Chao Yu Hua |
| 1868-1910 | Rama V | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra, Maha Chulalongkorn, Phra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua the Great, Phra Piya Maharaj |
| 1910-1925 | Rama VI | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra, Maha Vajiravudh, Phra Mongkut Klao Chao Yu Hua, Phra Maha Dhiraraj Chao |
| 1925-1935 | Rama VII | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra, Maha Prajadhipok, Phra Pok Klao Chao Yu Hua |
| 1935-1946 | Rama VIII | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra, Maha Ananda Mahidol, Phra Atthama Ramathibodin |
| 1946-2016 | Rama IX | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra, Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej, Siamindradhiraj Borommanathbobitra, the Great, Somdet Phra Phatthara Maharat |
| 2016-present | Rama X | Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua, Maha Vajiralongkorn, Bodindradebayavarangkun |
The Thai lunar calendar is a Buddhist lunisolar calendar. In 1888, the Thai lunar calendar was replaced by the Thai solar calendar as the legal calendar in Thailand. It is currently used for calculating holy days and other religious and traditional events.
<date when="1879-09-21" calendar="thai-era thai-lunisolar gregorian">
Sunday, 6 of waxing moon, 11th month, year of Rallit, 1st of the
decade, 1241 of civil era, corresponding to September 21, 1879,
of Christian era</date>- TimeAndDate.com - Buddhist calendar: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/buddhist-calendar.html
- Wikipedia - Thai lunar calendar: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar
- Wikipedia - Thai solar calendar: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar
Introduced in 1447, the lunisolar Tibetan phugpa calendar is modified from Indian calendar systems and based on the Kālacakra Tantra. In the phugpa calendar, each year is associated with an element and an animal; pairings recur in 60-year cycles.
| Order | Element | Aspect |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fire | male |
| 2 | Fire | female |
| 3 | Earth | male |
| 4 | Earth | female |
| 5 | Iron | male |
| 6 | Iron | female |
| 7 | Water | male |
| 8 | Water | female |
| 9 | Wood | male |
| 10 | Wood | female |
| Order | Animal |
|---|---|
| 1 | Rabbit |
| 2 | Dragon |
| 3 | Snake |
| 4 | Horse |
| 5 | Goat |
| 6 | Monkey |
| 7 | Rooster |
| 8 | Dog |
| 9 | Pig |
| 10 | Rat |
| 11 | Ox |
| 12 | Tiger |
<date when="1943-02-17" calendar="tibetan-phugpa gregorian">
13th Day of 1st month, Water Sheep Year. (Corresponding to February 1943.)
</date><date when="1947-10-09" calendar="tibetan-phugpa gregorian">
25th of 8th month Fire-Pig Tibetan Year [1947]
</date>- Tibetan Phugpa Calendar Converter: http://www.digitaltibetan.org/cgi-bin/phugpa.pl
- Tibetan Calendar Mathematics: http://www2.math.uu.se/~svante/papers/calendars/tibet.pdf
Official documents such as treaties may include a parallel date phrase referring to the year in relation to the independence of the United States (1776).
<date when="1888-01-16" calendar="gregorian us-republic">
this 16th day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and eighty-eight, and of the independence of the United States the one
hundred and twelfth</date><date when="1941-05-28" calendar="gregorian us-republic">
this 28th day of May, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty-one,
and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and
sixty-fifth</date>
To the extent possible under law, the
Office of the Historian at the U.S. Department of State
has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to
FRUS Dates Project.
This work is published from:
United States.