feat(docs): preflight and inflight concepts

[Chriscbr]

First pass at rewriting of the concepts doc page on preflight and inflight. The goal is for this doc to be educational but functional, so I started with trying to motivate the concept as quickly as possible (avoiding marketing / history lessons / manifestos about the future of cloud / pitches about the right way to build applications), though I'd be interested in any feedback / suggestions for improving this intro. (We could also remove the intro entirely, and it might actually be better?)

After I tried to come up with a path that goes through the major "mechanics" where the sequence of ideas and code snippets hopefully didn't depend too much on too much knowledge about the standard library resources or about Json or optionals etc. I'm also interested in any suggestions for tightening this up / coming up with better examples etc. Since we don't distinguish against capturing reassignable variables or mutable collections as of #3064, I didn't go into much depth about what types of values can be lifted.

Also I moved the content about resource identifiers into the "application tree" doc.

Checklist

• Title matches Winglang's style guide
• Description explains motivation and solution
• Tests added (always)
• Docs updated (only required for features)
• Added pr/e2e-full label if this feature requires end-to-end testing

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Monada Contribution License.

[ShaiBer]

Hey @Chriscbr, great work!
It is really amazing how similar problems give birth to similar solutions :) my preflight-inflight tutorial contains very similar flow and code examples to your doc (also starting with preflight, moving to inflight and then how to reference preflight from inflight. It also focuses on the bucket's addObject versus input method) .
I'm going to take some things from your doc into the tutorial, like explicitly explaining why inflight code can only call inflight code and preflight can only call preflight.
You might want to take some things from the tutorial version too, like a shorter intro that dives more quickly to the jist of it, or an advanced section that explains more what the compiler does to enable the inflight and preflight interactions. Also a brief discussion about mutability.
One thing I haven't added to the tutorial yet that I think is also relevant here is a TLDR section, or cheat sheet with the main rules and takeaways.
You can see the tutorial here. It's not complete yet and the mutability section needs a complete overhaul thanks to Eyal's change :) but I'd love to get feedback on it and maybe we can then have a session to see how the two can become even more similar. They should also link to each other.

[Chriscbr]

@ShaiBer Thanks for the suggestions. I shamelessly stole some text from your tutorial from the intro (I liked it better than my intro) and also reordered some of the ideas of the doc better based on the tutorial.

[ShaiBer]

Hehe no shame @Chriscbr , I bet in the end I'll steal more from you than you stole from me :)

[mergify]

Thank you for contributing! Your pull request will be updated from main and then merged automatically (do not update manually, and be sure to allow changes to be pushed to your fork).

[monadabot]

Congrats! 🚀 This was released in Wing 0.23.8.