feat: nodeof built-in function (#5411)

Closes #2027

This PR adds a `nodeof()` function, a handy built-in for reflecting on the application tree (aka construct tree) in preflight.

## Checklist

- [x] Title matches [Winglang's style guide](https://www.winglang.io/contributing/start-here/pull_requests#how-are-pull-request-titles-formatted)
- [x] Description explains motivation and solution
- [x] Tests added (always)
- [ ] Docs updated (only required for features)
- [ ] Added `pr/e2e-full` label if this feature requires end-to-end testing

*By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the [Wing Cloud Contribution License](https://github.com/winglang/wing/blob/main/CONTRIBUTION_LICENSE.md)*.

docs/docs/03-language-reference.md

@@ -552,6 +552,7 @@ log("UTC: {t1.utc.toIso())}");            // output: 2023-02-09T06:21:03.000Z
 | `log`        | logs str                                              |
 | `assert`     | checks a condition and _throws_ if evaluated to false |
 | `unsafeCast` | cast a value into a different type                    |
+| `nodeof`     | obtain the [tree node](./02-concepts/02-application-tree.md) of a preflight object |
 
 > ```TS
 > log("Hello {name}");

docs/docs/07-examples/80-singletons.md

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ bring cloud;
 class SingletonBucket {
   pub static of(scope: std.IResource): cloud.Bucket {
     let uid = "SingletonBucket";
-    let root = std.Node.of(scope).root;
-    let rootNode = std.Node.of(root);
+    let root = nodeof(scope).root;
+    let rootNode = nodeof(root);
     return unsafeCast(rootNode.tryFindChild(uid)) ?? new cloud.Bucket() as uid in root;
   }
 }
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ Now, in order to access our bucket from anywhere within the app, I can just use:
 let bucket = SingletonBucket.of(this);
 ```
 
-And we will always get the same bucket.
+And we will always get the same bucket.

examples/tests/invalid/global_symbols.test.w

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+let log = "hi";
+// ^Error: Symbol "log" already defined in this scope
+let assert = "there";
+// ^Error: Symbol "assert" already defined in this scope
+let unsafeCast = "wingnuts";
+// ^Error: Symbol "unsafeCast" already defined in this scope
+let nodeof = "!";
+// ^Error: Symbol "nodeof" already defined in this scope
+
+log = "hi";
+// ^Error: Variable is not reassignable
+assert = "there";
+// ^Error: Variable is not reassignable
+unsafeCast = "wingnuts";
+// ^Error: Variable is not reassignable
+nodeof = "!";
+// ^Error: Variable is not reassignable

examples/tests/sdk_tests/std/node.test.w

@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ bring cloud;
 bring expect;
 
 let bucket = new cloud.Bucket();
-let app = std.Node.of(bucket).app;
+let app = nodeof(bucket).app;
 assert(app.workdir.endsWith(".wing"));
 assert(app.entrypointDir.endsWith("/sdk_tests/std") || app.entrypointDir.endsWith("\\sdk_tests\\std"));
 app.isTestEnvironment; // don't care if it's true or false, just that it compiles
 
 class SingletonBucket {
   pub static of(scope: std.IResource): cloud.Bucket {
     let uid = "SingletonBucket";
-    let root = std.Node.of(scope).root;
-    let root_node = std.Node.of(root);
+    let root = nodeof(scope).root;
+    let root_node = nodeof(root);
     return unsafeCast(root_node.tryFindChild(uid)) ?? new cloud.Bucket() as uid in root;
   }
 }

examples/tests/valid/construct-base.test.w

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ let getPath = (c: cx.Construct): str => {
 };
 
 let getDisplayName = (r: std.Resource): str? => {
-  return std.Node.of(r).title;
+  return nodeof(r).title;
 };
 
 let q = new aws.sqsQueue.SqsQueue();

libs/wingc/src/ast.rs

@@ -309,6 +309,7 @@ pub enum UtilityFunctions {
 	Log,
 	Assert,
 	UnsafeCast,
+	Nodeof,
 }
 
 impl UtilityFunctions {
@@ -318,6 +319,7 @@ impl UtilityFunctions {
 			UtilityFunctions::Log,
 			UtilityFunctions::Assert,
 			UtilityFunctions::UnsafeCast,
+			UtilityFunctions::Nodeof,
 		]
 	}
 }
@@ -328,6 +330,7 @@ impl Display for UtilityFunctions {
 			UtilityFunctions::Log => write!(f, "log"),
 			UtilityFunctions::Assert => write!(f, "assert"),
 			UtilityFunctions::UnsafeCast => write!(f, "unsafeCast"),
+			UtilityFunctions::Nodeof => write!(f, "nodeof"),
 		}
 	}
 }

libs/wingc/src/closure_transform.rs

@@ -185,19 +185,15 @@ impl Fold for ClosureTransformer {
 
 				// class_init_body :=
 				// ```
-				// std.Node.of(this).hidden = true;
+				// nodeof(this).hidden = true;
 				// ```
 				let std_display_of_this = Expr::new(
 					ExprKind::Call {
 						callee: CalleeKind::Expr(Box::new(Expr::new(
-							ExprKind::Reference(Reference::TypeMember {
-								type_name: UserDefinedType {
-									root: Symbol::new("std", WingSpan::for_file(file_id)),
-									fields: vec![Symbol::new("Node", WingSpan::for_file(file_id))],
-									span: WingSpan::for_file(file_id),
-								},
-								property: Symbol::new("of", WingSpan::for_file(file_id)),
-							}),
+							ExprKind::Reference(Reference::Identifier(Symbol::new(
+								"nodeof",
+								WingSpan::for_file(file_id),
+							))),
 							WingSpan::for_file(file_id),
 						))),
 						arg_list: ArgList {

libs/wingc/src/jsify.rs

@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ impl<'a> JSifier<'a> {
 					BinaryOperator::Less => "<",
 					BinaryOperator::LessOrEqual => "<=",
 					BinaryOperator::Equal => return new_code!(expr_span, "$helpers.eq(", js_left, ", ", js_right, ")"),
-					BinaryOperator::NotEqual => return new_code!(expr_span, "!$helpers.eq(", js_left, ", ", js_right, ")"),
+					BinaryOperator::NotEqual => return new_code!(expr_span, "$helpers.neq(", js_left, ", ", js_right, ")"),
 					BinaryOperator::LogicalAnd => "&&",
 					BinaryOperator::LogicalOr => "||",
 					BinaryOperator::UnwrapOr => {

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/access_methods_and_properties_on_collections.snap

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/access_property_on_primitive.snap

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/access_property_on_value_returned_from_collection.snap

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/builtins.snap

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/calls_methods_on_preflight_object.snap

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_from_inside_an_inflight_closure.snap

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_identifier_closure_from_preflight_scope.snap

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_identifier_from_preflight_scope.snap

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_identifier_from_preflight_scope_with_method_call.snap

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_identifier_from_preflight_scope_with_nested_object.snap

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_identifier_from_preflight_scope_with_property.snap

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_in_keyword_args.snap

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_object_with_this_in_name.snap

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_token.snap

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_type_inflight_class_sibling_from_init.snap

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_type_inflight_class_sibling_from_method.snap

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_type_new_inflight_class_inner_no_capture.snap

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_type_new_inflight_class_outer.snap

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_type_static_method.snap

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_type_static_method_inflight_class.snap

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/capture_var_from_method_inflight.snap

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/closed_inflight_class_extends_outer_inflight_class.snap

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/closure_field.snap

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
           _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
           constructor($scope, $id, ) {
             super($scope, $id);
-            (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+            $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
           }
           static _toInflightType() {
             return `
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/enum_value.snap

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module.exports = function({ $MyEnum, $x }) {
       return $obj;
     }
     async handle() {
-      $helpers.assert(!$helpers.eq($MyEnum.B, $MyEnum.C), "MyEnum.B != MyEnum.C");
+      $helpers.assert($helpers.neq($MyEnum.B, $MyEnum.C), "MyEnum.B != MyEnum.C");
       $helpers.assert($helpers.eq($x, $MyEnum.C), "x == MyEnum.C");
     }
   }
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/free_inflight_obj_from_inflight.snap

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `

libs/wingc/src/jsify/snapshots/func_returns_func.snap

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class $Root extends $stdlib.std.Resource {
       _hash = require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(this._toInflight()).digest('hex');
       constructor($scope, $id, ) {
         super($scope, $id);
-        (std.Node.of(this)).hidden = true;
+        $helpers.nodeof(this).hidden = true;
       }
       static _toInflightType() {
         return `