Refactor the internal function `parse_cluster_nodes` #390

Job	Run time
Run static checkers	40s
Installation tests	14s
macOS	1m 12s
Build for 32-bit	29s
Build with CMake [Release, gcc-14, cmake-3.29, sanitizer=""]	2m 47s
Build with make	2m 59s
Build with CMake [Release, gcc-14, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="thread"]	2m 54s
Windows	4m 48s
Build with CMake [Release, gcc-14, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="undefined"]	2m 52s
Build with CMake [Release, gcc-14, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="leak"]	2m 42s
Windows (MinGW64)	54s
Build with CMake [Release, gcc-14, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="address"]	2m 48s
Build with CMake [Release, clang-18, cmake-3.29, sanitizer=""]	2m 42s
Build with CMake [Release, clang-18, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="thread"]	2m 59s
Build with CMake [Release, clang-18, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="undefined"]	3m 46s
Build with CMake [Release, clang-18, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="leak"]	2m 54s
Build with CMake [Release, clang-18, cmake-3.29, sanitizer="address"]	2m 56s
Build with CMake [Debug, clang-18, cmake-3.29, sanitizer=""]	2m 42s
Build with CMake [Release, gcc-7, cmake-3.13, sanitizer=""]	4m 19s
Build with CMake [Release, clang-12, cmake-3.13, sanitizer=""]	5m 33s
	53m 10s

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