Domains & Preference Profiles

Preference profiles are represented by means of additive utility functions. For example, if there are four issues to negotiate about, the utility function can be computed by a weighted sum of the values associated with each of these issues. So, let bid = (i1, i2, i3 , i4) be a particular bid. Then the utility u(bid) = u(i1,i2,i3,i4) (given weights w1, w2, w3, w4 ) can be calculated by:

 u(i1, i2, i3, i4) = w1 * u(i1) + w2 * u(i2 ) + w3 · u(i3) + w4 * u(i4)

To give an concrete example from Genius (preference profiles of ANAC2016/Caduceus), think about a negotiation scenario in a smart grid where agents are trying to come up an agreement on price, amount and time for the grid. Domain representation of this scenario can be (party_domain.xml):

...
<objective index="0" etype="objective" type="objective" description="" name="Party">
    <issue index="1" etype="discrete" type="discrete" vtype="discrete" name="Food">
        <item index="1" value="Chips and Nuts" cost="100"></item>
        <item index="2" value="Finger-Food" cost="170"></item>
        <item index="3" value="Handmade Food" cost="120" ></item>
        <item index="4" value="Catering" cost="250"></item>
    </issue>
    <issue index="2" etype="discrete" type="discrete" vtype="discrete" name="Drinks">
        <item index="1" value="Non-Alcoholic" cost="75"></item>
        <item index="2" value="Beer Only" cost="300"></item>
        <item index="3" value="Handmade Cocktails" cost="200"></item>
        <item index="4" value="Catering" cost="450"></item>
    </issue>
    <issue index="3" etype="discrete" type="discrete" vtype="discrete" name="Location">
        <item index="1" value="Party Tent" cost="200"></item>
        <item index="2" value="Your Dorm" cost="100"></item>
        <item index="3" value="Party Room" cost="400"></item>
        <item index="4" value="Ballroom" cost="600"></item>
    </issue>
    <issue index="4" etype="discrete" type="discrete" vtype="discrete" name="Invitations">
        <item index="1" value="Plain" cost="25"></item>
        <item index="2" value="Photo" cost="75"></item>
        <item index="3" value="Custom, Handmade" cost="50"></item>
        <item index="4" value="Custom, Printed" cost="150"></item>
    </issue>
    <issue index="5" etype="discrete" type="discrete" vtype="discrete" name="Music">
        <item index="1" value="MP3" cost="100"></item>
        <item index="2" value="DJ" cost="250"></item>
        <item index="3" value="Band" cost="350"></item>
    </issue>
    <issue index="6" etype="discrete" type="discrete" vtype="discrete" name="Cleanup">
        <item index="1" value="Water and Soap" cost="20"></item>
        <item index="2" value="Specialized Materials" cost="60"></item>
        <item index="3" value="Special Equiment" cost="150"></item>
        <item index="4" value="Hired Help" cost="200"></item>
    </issue>
</objective>
...

A preference profile based this specification can be:

<utility_space>
    <objective name="Smart_Grid" index="0" description="" etype="objective" type="objective">
        <issue vtype="discrete" name="Price" index="1" etype="discrete" type="discrete">
            <item evaluation="2" index="1" value="0-10 cent"></item>
            <item evaluation="2" index="2" value="10-20 cent"></item>
            <item evaluation="1" index="3" value="20-30 cent"></item>
            <item evaluation="1" index="4" value="30-40 cent"></item>
            <item evaluation="1" index="5" value="40-50 cent"></item>
        </issue>
        <issue vtype="discrete" name="Amount" index="2" etype="discrete" type="discrete">
            <item evaluation="1" index="1" value="0-50 kw"></item>
            <item evaluation="2" index="2" value="50-100 kw"></item>
            <item evaluation="3" index="3" value="100-150 kw"></item>
            <item evaluation="4" index="4" value="150-200 kw"></item>
        </issue>
        <issue vtype="discrete" name="Time" index="3" etype="discrete" type="discrete">
            <item evaluation="3" index="1" value="00-06"></item>
            <item evaluation="4" index="2" value="06-12"></item>
            <item evaluation="1" index="3" value="12-18"></item>
            <item evaluation="2" index="4" value="18-00"></item>
        </issue>
        <weight index="1" value="0.4666916452909337"></weight>
        <weight index="2" value="0.17815636418679337"></weight>
        <weight index="3" value="0.3551519905222729"></weight>
    </objective>
    <discount_factor value="1.0"></discount_factor>
    <reservation value="0.0"></reservation>
</utility_space>

To see the domains that are provided with Genius check here.