[Python] Add exception classes in Python toolbox

[yannis300307]

This PR adds the exception classes in the Python catalogue. I only speak French and English so I used a translator for the other languages.

Adds the feature in #2215

[CLAassistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[HugoNumworks]

Thanks for your contribution @yannis300307,

We will review it with the product team to decide if this could be added to a future version of Epsilon.

[github-actions]

Binary size analysis

	Flash in bytes			RAM in bytes
	.text	.rodata	.data	.bss	.data
Base	1 011 228	511 497	80	175 308	80
Head	1 011 252	518 313	80	175 308	80
	+ 6 840			+ 0

Full details

Apps

	App				Snapshot
	Base	Head	Delta		Base	Head	Delta
Calculation	23 928	23 928			18 804	18 804
Code	28 956	28 956			4	4
Distributions	11 652	11 652			120	120
Elements	4 496	4 496			12	12
Finance	11 776	11 776			120	120
Graph	44 416	44 416			3 512	3 512
Inference	39 256	39 256			1 592	1 592
Regression	25 504	25 504			1 456	1 456
Sequence	35 408	35 408			976	976
Settings	9 976	9 976			4	4
Solver	17 048	17 048			4	4
Statistics	26 384	26 384			1 376	1 376

N0110

		.text	.rodata	.bss	.data
Base	userland.onboarding.beta.allow3rdparty.A.elf	1 011 228	511 497	175 308	80
Head	userland.onboarding.beta.allow3rdparty.A.elf	1 011 252	518 313	175 308	80