[libc++] Upstream ptrauth support in libc++ and libc++abi (#84573)

This is an exact upstreaming of the downstream diff. Minor
simplifications can be made in the future but upstreaming as-is will
make it easier for us to deal with downstream merge conflicts.

Partially fixes #83805

libcxx/include/typeinfo

@@ -275,7 +275,19 @@ struct __type_info_implementations {
           __impl;
 };
 
-class _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI type_info {
+#    if defined(__arm64__) && __has_cpp_attribute(clang::ptrauth_vtable_pointer)
+#      if __has_feature(ptrauth_type_info_discriminated_vtable_pointer)
+#        define _LIBCPP_TYPE_INFO_VTABLE_POINTER_AUTH                                                                  \
+          [[clang::ptrauth_vtable_pointer(process_independent, address_discrimination, type_discrimination)]]
+#      else
+#        define _LIBCPP_TYPE_INFO_VTABLE_POINTER_AUTH                                                                  \
+          [[clang::ptrauth_vtable_pointer(process_independent, no_address_discrimination, no_extra_discrimination)]]
+#      endif
+#    else
+#      define _LIBCPP_TYPE_INFO_VTABLE_POINTER_AUTH
+#    endif
+
+class _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI _LIBCPP_TYPE_INFO_VTABLE_POINTER_AUTH type_info {
   type_info& operator=(const type_info&);
   type_info(const type_info&);
 

libcxx/src/include/overridable_function.h

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@
 #include <__config>
 #include <cstdint>
 
+#if defined(__arm64e__) && __has_feature(ptrauth_calls)
+#  include <ptrauth.h>
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
 #  pragma GCC system_header
 #endif
@@ -81,6 +85,14 @@ _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI bool __is_function_overridden(_Ret (*__fptr)(_Args...)) no
   uintptr_t __end   = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(&__lcxx_override_end);
   uintptr_t __ptr   = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(__fptr);
 
+#if defined(__arm64e__) && __has_feature(ptrauth_calls)
+  // We must pass a void* to ptrauth_strip since it only accepts a pointer type. Also, in particular,
+  // we must NOT pass a function pointer, otherwise we will strip the function pointer, and then attempt
+  // to authenticate and re-sign it when casting it to a uintptr_t again, which will fail because we just
+  // stripped the function pointer. See rdar://122927845.
+  __ptr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptrauth_strip(reinterpret_cast<void*>(__ptr), ptrauth_key_function_pointer));
+#endif
+
   // Finally, the function was overridden if it falls outside of the section's bounds.
   return __ptr < __start || __ptr > __end;
 }

libcxxabi/src/private_typeinfo.cpp

@@ -51,6 +51,21 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #endif
 
+#if __has_feature(ptrauth_calls)
+#include <ptrauth.h>
+#endif
+
+
+template<typename T>
+static inline
+T *
+get_vtable(T *vtable) {
+#if __has_feature(ptrauth_calls)
+    vtable = ptrauth_strip(vtable, ptrauth_key_cxx_vtable_pointer);
+#endif
+    return vtable;
+}
+
 static inline
 bool
 is_equal(const std::type_info* x, const std::type_info* y, bool use_strcmp)
@@ -103,6 +118,7 @@ void dyn_cast_get_derived_info(derived_object_info* info, const void* static_ptr
     info->dynamic_type = *(reinterpret_cast<const __class_type_info* const*>(ptr_to_ti_proxy));
 #else
     void **vtable = *static_cast<void ** const *>(static_ptr);
+    vtable = get_vtable(vtable);
     info->offset_to_derived = reinterpret_cast<ptrdiff_t>(vtable[-2]);
     info->dynamic_ptr = static_cast<const char*>(static_ptr) + info->offset_to_derived;
     info->dynamic_type = static_cast<const __class_type_info*>(vtable[-1]);
@@ -561,6 +577,7 @@ __base_class_type_info::has_unambiguous_public_base(__dynamic_cast_info* info,
     offset_to_base = __offset_flags >> __offset_shift;
     if (is_virtual) {
       const char* vtable = *static_cast<const char* const*>(adjustedPtr);
+      vtable = get_vtable(vtable);
       offset_to_base = update_offset_to_base(vtable, offset_to_base);
     }
   } else if (!is_virtual) {
@@ -1501,6 +1518,7 @@ __base_class_type_info::search_above_dst(__dynamic_cast_info* info,
     if (__offset_flags & __virtual_mask)
     {
         const char* vtable = *static_cast<const char*const*>(current_ptr);
+        vtable = get_vtable(vtable);
         offset_to_base = update_offset_to_base(vtable, offset_to_base);
     }
     __base_type->search_above_dst(info, dst_ptr,
@@ -1521,6 +1539,7 @@ __base_class_type_info::search_below_dst(__dynamic_cast_info* info,
     if (__offset_flags & __virtual_mask)
     {
         const char* vtable = *static_cast<const char*const*>(current_ptr);
+        vtable = get_vtable(vtable);
         offset_to_base = update_offset_to_base(vtable, offset_to_base);
     }
     __base_type->search_below_dst(info,