Refactor AIR

[ColoCarletti]

Refactor AIR

This PR resumes the changes made for AIR in the following PRs: 834 and 697.

Description of the pull request changes and motivation.

Type of change

Please delete options that are not relevant.

• Refactor

Checklist

• Linked to Github Issue
• Unit tests added
• This change requires new documentation.
  • Documentation has been added/updated.
• This change is an Optimization
  • Benchmarks added/run

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 81.81818% with 52 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 70.19%. Comparing base (8dfddac) to head (591deff).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
provers/stark/src/trace.rs	59.59%	40 Missing ⚠️
provers/stark/src/table.rs	44.44%	5 Missing ⚠️
provers/stark/src/traits.rs	55.55%	4 Missing ⚠️
provers/stark/src/prover.rs	98.00%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #937      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   71.62%   70.19%   -1.43%     
==========================================
  Files         149      149              
  Lines       32560    31919     -641     
==========================================
- Hits        23321    22406     -915     
- Misses       9239     9513     +274     

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