Add component existence check

[AnnulusGames]

Add checks and exceptions for Add/Remove/Get/Set related to #174. This PR will change it to throw InvalidOperationException if you specify a component type that does not exist.

It is recommended to use exceptions instead of assertions here. These are public APIs of the library, and an exception should be thrown if the user specifies an incorrect parameter. When these defects occur during release builds, Arch makes heavy use of unsafe memory operations, which can cause crashes or unexpected behavior, making it difficult to identify the cause. For the above reasons, I changed Debug.Assert of World.Move to an exception.

The reason why I use a dedicated ThrowHelper to throw exceptions is due to optimization. This method is widely used in .NET.

[genaray]

Noted, I think it's time to finally introduce safety checks. Im gonna look at this once I have some free time and merge it :)

[genaray]

Just took a deeper look at it. Are there any performance drawbacks? An small benchmark would be great :)

[AnnulusGames]

Sorry for the delay with my assignment. Below is a simple benchmark code and its results.

using Arch.Core;

namespace Arch.Benchmarks;

[MemoryDiagnoser]
public class AddRemoveBenchmark
{
    World world;
    Entity entity;

    [GlobalSetup]
    public void Setup()
    {
        world = World.Create();
        entity = world.Create();
    }

    [GlobalCleanup]
    public void Cleanup()
    {
        world.Dispose();
    }

    [Benchmark]
    public void AddRemove()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        {
            world.Add<Velocity>(entity);
            world.Remove<Velocity>(entity);
        }
    }
}

before:

after:

Surprisingly, the modified version is slightly faster. However, this difference is negligible and, in practice, there is almost no difference in execution speed.

[genaray]

Thanks that looks promising! Could you also benchmark your version against the arch nugget? It might make the benchmark more complicated, but the goal is to benchmark both versions in the same benchmark running once. Not before and after ^^ This would verify it and we can merge it :)