Add syntax highlighting docs (#548)

* Add syntax highlighting documents

* More static

* More dynamic stuff

* More dynamic

* Simplify

building/config.json

@@ -242,6 +242,24 @@
     "path": "building/tracks/new/launch.md",
     "title": "Launch!"
   },
+  {
+    "uuid": "81169858-41f0-44da-875c-b1bb432f90b0",
+    "slug": "tracks/new/syntax-highlighting",
+    "path": "building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting.md",
+    "title": "Enable syntax highlighting"
+  },
+  {
+    "uuid": "374e2596-db7d-433d-b3c0-0f3dc75c453b",
+    "slug": "tracks/new/syntax-highlighting/static",
+    "path": "building/tracks/new/static-syntax-highlighting.md",
+    "title": "Static syntax highlighting"
+  },
+  {
+    "uuid": "a443c67c-fb01-48f0-ab44-8710c065b3ea",
+    "slug": "tracks/new/syntax-highlighting/dynamic",
+    "path": "building/tracks/new/dynamic-syntax-highlighting.md",
+    "title": "Dynamic syntax highlighting"
+  },
   {
     "uuid": "f697a7c1-ad33-460c-8458-18cd6d149920",
     "slug": "tracks/new/implement-tooling",

building/tracks/new/README.md

@@ -17,5 +17,6 @@ Once you've completed that step, the next steps are:
 - [Prepare for launch](/docs/building/tracks/new/prepare-for-launch)
 - [Find Maintainers](/docs/building/tracks/new/find-maintainers)
 - [Launch!](/docs/building/tracks/new/launch)
+- [Enable syntax highlighting](/docs/building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting)
 - [Implement additional tooling](/docs/building/tracks/new/implement-tooling)
 - [Prepare for open source contributions from strangers](/docs/building/tracks/new/prepare-for-contributions)

building/tracks/new/dynamic-syntax-highlighting.md

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# Dynamic syntax highlighting
+
+Dynamic syntax highlighting is highlighting of code that the user can change.
+There is only one place where this happens, and that is the online editor.
+
+```exercism/note
+Code snippets, iterations, and the like are _static_ as the user can't change their code on the fly.
+If you'd like to know more of how we handle static syntax highlighting, check the [static syntax highlighting docs](/docs/building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting/static).
+```
+
+## Implementation
+
+Dynamic syntax highlighting is done using the [CodeMirror library](https://codemirror.net/).
+
+When adding support for your language, there are three options:
+
+1. The language is supported _out of the box_ by CodeMirror (i.e. listed as a [supported language](https://codemirror.net/5/mode/)).
+   If so, continue to the [Enable language](#enable-language) section.
+2. The language is supported via an existing CodeMirror plugin.
+   If so, continue to the [Using an existing plugin](#using-an-existing-plugin) section.
+3. The language is _not_ supported.
+   There are now three options:
+   1. Write a CodeMirror plugin from scratch, as described in the [Create a new plugin](#create-a-new-plugin) section.
+   2. Your language's syntax (closely) resembles another language's syntax (e.g. Unison's syntax resembles Haskell), in which case you could consider using the syntax highlighting of that language for your language.
+      See the [Enable language](#enable-language) section for more information.
+   3. Don't have dynamic syntax highlighting.
+
+### Enable language
+
+To enable CodeMirror support for your language, start a topic on the forum (https://forum.exercism.org/c/exercism/building-exercism/125).
+We (Exercism) will then create a Pull Request that enables CodeMirror support for your language on the website.
+
+### Using an existing plugin
+
+To use an existing plugin, it needs to be published on [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/).
+
+If the plugin isn't published on NPM, you can either:
+
+1. Ask the plugin author if they want to publish on NPM.
+2. Fork the repository and publish it yourself.
+3. Have us (Exercism) fork the repository and we publish it.
+   To do so, open a topic on the forum requesting this (https://forum.exercism.org/c/exercism/building-exercism/125).
+
+```exercism/note
+The CodeMirror website has a [list of community-built language plugins](https://codemirror.net/docs/community/#language).
+```
+
+The next step is to [Enable language](#enable-language).
+
+### Create a new plugin
+
+If you'd like to create plugin, you have two options for hosting:
+
+1. Create a repository on your personal account and publish it yourself.
+2. Have us (Exercism) create a repository and let us publish it.
+   To do so, open a topic on the forum requesting this (https://forum.exercism.org/c/exercism/building-exercism/125).
+
+```exercism/note
+You could consider forking the [codemirror/lang-example repository](https://github.com/codemirror/lang-example) which implements CodeMirror support for a simple language.
+```
+
+Once you have a repo, follow the [language package instructions](https://codemirror.net/examples/lang-package/) to implement the plugin.
+
+You'll then need to publish the plugin on [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/).
+The next step is to [Enable the language](#enable-language).
+
+### Use a different language
+
+Your language's syntax (closely) resembles another language's syntax, in which case you could consider using the syntax highlighting of that language for your language.
+To do so, configure the track using the other language's CodeMirror plugin.
+See the [Enable language](#enable-language) section for more information.

building/tracks/new/static-syntax-highlighting.md

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Static syntax highlighting
+
+Static syntax highlighting is highlighting of code that the user _can't_ change.
+This includes code snippets, iterations, and more.
+
+```exercism/note
+The online editor does _not_ use static syntax highlighting as the user can change the code on the fly.
+If you'd like to know more of how we handle syntax highlighting in the online editor, check the [dynamic syntax highlighting docs](/docs/building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting/dynamic).
+```
+
+## Implementation
+
+Static syntax highlighting is done using the [highlightjs library](https://highlightjs.org/).
+
+When adding support for your language, there are three options:
+
+1. The language is supported _out of the box_ by highlightjs (i.e. listed as a [supported language](https://github.com/highlightjs/highlight.js/blob/main/SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.md)).
+   If so, continue to the [Configuring track](#configuring-track) section.
+2. The language is supported via an existing highlightjs plugin.
+   If so, continue to the [Using an existing plugin](#using-an-existing-plugin) section.
+3. The language is _not_ supported.
+   There are now three options:
+   1. Write a highlightjs plugin from scratch, as described in the [Create a new plugin](#create-a-new-plugin) section.
+   2. Your language's syntax (closely) resembles another language's syntax (e.g. Unison's syntax resembles Haskell), in which case you could consider using the syntax highlighting of that language for your language.
+      See the [Configuring track](#configuring-track) section for more information.
+   3. Don't have static syntax highlighting.
+
+### Configuring track
+
+To enable highlightjs support for your track's language, you'll need to modify the track's [config.json file](/docs/building/tracks/config-json).
+Within the `config.json` file, add/set the `online_editor.highlightjs_language` key to the appropriate highlightjs language identifier (which can be found in the documentation).
+
+#### Example
+
+```json
+{
+  "online_editor": {
+    "highlightjs_language": "csharp"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Using an existing plugin
+
+To use an existing plugin, it needs to be published on [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/).
+If the plugin isn't published on NPM, you can either:
+
+1. Ask the plugin author if they want to publish on NPM.
+2. Fork the repository and publish it yourself.
+3. Have us (Exercism) fork the repository and we publish it.
+   To do so, open a topic on the forum requesting this (https://forum.exercism.org/c/exercism/building-exercism/125).
+
+The next step is to [Enable the plugin](#enable-plugin).
+
+### Enable plugin
+
+To enable a plugin (which must be published on [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/)), start a topic on the forum requesting us to add support for the plugin to the website (https://forum.exercism.org/c/exercism/building-exercism/125).
+We (Exercism) will then create a Pull Request that adds the plugin to the website.
+Once the PR is merged, you can enable highlightjs support by following the instructions in the [Configuring track](#configuring-track) section.
+
+### Create a new plugin
+
+If you'd like to create plugin, you have two options for hosting:
+
+1. Create a repository on your personal account and publish it yourself.
+2. Have us (Exercism) create a repository and let us publish it.
+   To do so, open a topic on the forum requesting this (https://forum.exercism.org/c/exercism/building-exercism/125).
+
+Once you have a repo, follow the [language contribution instructions](https://highlightjs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/language-contribution.html) to implement the plugin.
+
+You'll then need to publish the plugin on [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/).
+The next step is to [Enable the plugin](#enable-plugin).
+
+### Use a different language
+
+Your language's syntax (closely) resembles another language's syntax, in which case you could consider using the syntax highlighting of that language for your language.
+To do so, configure the track to use the other language's highlightjs language identifier.
+See the [Configuring track](#configuring-track) section for more information.

building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Syntax highlighting
+
+There are two types of syntax highlighting on the website:
+
+1. Highlighting _static_ code (code snippets, iterations, and such).
+   Check [static syntax highlighting docs](/docs/building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting/static) for more information.
+2. Highlighting _dynamic_ code (the online editor).
+   Check [dynamic syntax highlighting docs](/docs/building/tracks/new/syntax-highlighting/dynamic) for more information.
+
+```exercism/note
+The requirements for static and dynamic syntax highlighting are _very_ different, which is why they use different libraries.
+```