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Kubernetes Image Puller is used for caching images on a cluster. It creates a DaemonSet downloading and running the relevant container images on each node.

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To cache images, Kubernetes Image Puller creates a Daemonset on the desired cluster, which in turn creates a pod on each node in the cluster consisting of a list of containers with command sleep 720h. This ensures that all nodes in the cluster have those images cached. The sleep binary being used is golang-based (please see Scratch Images). We also periodically check the health of the daemonset and re-create it if necessary.

The application can be deployed via Helm or by processing and applying OpenShift Templates. Also, there is a community supported operator available on the OperatorHub.

Configuration

Configuration is done via env vars pulled from ./deploy/helm/templates/configmap.yaml, or ./deploy/openshift/configmap.yaml, depending on the deployment method. The config values to be set are:

Env Var Usage Default
CACHING_INTERVAL_HOURS Interval, in hours, between checking health of daemonsets "1"
CACHING_MEMORY_REQUEST The memory request for each cached image when the puller is running 10Mi
CACHING_MEMORY_LIMIT The memory limit for each cached image when the puller is running 20Mi
CACHING_CPU_REQUEST The CPU request for each cached image when the puller is running .05 or 50 millicores
CACHING_CPU_LIMIT The CPU limit for each cached image when the puller is running .2 or 200 millicores
DAEMONSET_NAME Name of daemonset to be created kubernetes-image-puller
NAMESPACE Namespace where daemonset is to be created kubernetes-image-puller
IMAGES List of images to be cached, in this format <name>=<image>;... Contains a default list of images, but should be configured when deploying
NODE_SELECTOR Node selector applied to pods created by the daemonset, provided in this format '{"key":"value"}' '{}'
IMAGE_PULL_SECRETS List of image pull secrets, in this format pullsecret1;... to add to pods created by the DaemonSet. Those secrets need to be in the image puller's namespace and a cluster administrator must create them. ""
AFFINITY Affinity applied to pods created by the daemonset, in this format '{"nodeAffinity":{ ... }}' '{}'
KIP_IMAGE The image puller image to copy the sleep binary from quay.io/eclipse/kubernetes-image-puller:next
TOLERATIONS Tolerations applied to pods created by the daemonset, provided in this format '[{"operator":"Exists"}]' '[]'

Configuration - Helm

The following values can be set:

Value Usage Default
deploymentName The value of DAEMONSET_NAME to be set in the ConfigMap, as well as the name of the deployment kubernetes-image-puller
image.repository The repository to pull the image from quay.io/eclipse/kubernetes-image-puller
image.tag The image tag to pull next
serviceAccount.name The name of the ServiceAccount to create k8s-image-puller
configMap.name The name of the ConfigMap to create k8s-image-puller
configMap.images The value of IMAGES to be set in the ConfigMap // TODO create a reasonable set of default containers
configMap.cachingIntervalHours The value of CACHING_INTERVAL_HOURS to be set in the ConfigMap "1"
configMap.cachingMemoryRequest The value of CACHING_MEMORY_REQUEST to be set in the ConfigMap "10Mi"
configMap.cachingMemoryLimit The value of CACHING_MEMORY_LIMIT to be set in the ConfigMap "20Mi"
configMap.cachingCpuRequest The value of CACHING_CPU_REQUEST to be set in the ConfigMap .05
configMap.cachingCpuLimit The value of CACHING_CPU_LIMIT to be set in the ConfigMap .2
configMap.nodeSelector The value of NODE_SELECTOR to be set in the ConfigMap "{}"
configMap.imagePullSecrets The value of IMAGE_PULL_SECRETS ""
configMap.affinity The value of AFFINITY to be set in the ConfigMap "{}"
configMap.tolerations The value of TOLERATIONS to be set in the ConfigMap "[]"

Configuration - OpenShift

The following values can be set:

Parameter Usage Default
SERVICEACCOUNT_NAME Name of service account used by main pod k8s-image-puller
IMAGE Name of image used for main pod quay.io/eclipse/kubernetes-image-puller
IMAGE_TAG Tag of image used for main pod next
DAEMONSET_NAME The value of DAEMONSET_NAME to be set in the ConfigMap "kubernetes-image-puller"
DEPLOYMENT_NAME The name of the image puller deployment "kubernetes-image-puller"
CACHING_INTERVAL_HOURS The value of CACHING_INTERVAL_HOURS to be set in the ConfigMap "1"
CACHING_MEMORY_REQUEST The value of CACHING_MEMORY_REQUEST to be set in the ConfigMap "10Mi"
CACHING_MEMORY_LIMIT The value of CACHING_MEMORY_LIMIT to be set in the ConfigMap "20Mi"
CACHING_CPU_REQUEST The value of CACHING_CPU_REQUEST to be set in the ConfigMap .05
CACHING_CPU_LIMIT The value of CACHING_CPU_LIMIT to be set in the ConfigMap .2
NAMESPACE The value of NAMESPACE to be set in the ConfigMap k8s-image-puller
NODE_SELECTOR The value of NODE_SELECTOR to be set in the ConfigMap "{}"
IMAGE_PULL_SECRETS The value of IMAGE_PULL_SECRETS ""
AFFINITY The value of AFFINITY to be set in the ConfigMap "{}"
TOLERATIONS The value of TOLERATIONS to be set in the ConfigMap "[]"

Installation - Helm

kubectl create namespace k8s-image-puller

helm install kubernetes-image-puller -n k8s-image-puller deploy/helm

To set values, change deploy/helm/values.yaml or use --set property.name=value

Installation - OpenShift

Openshift special consideration - Project Quotas

OpenShift has a notion of project quotas to limit the aggregate resource consumption per project/namespace. The namespace that the image puller is deployed in must have enough memory and CPU to run each container for each node in the cluster:

(memory/CPU limit) * (number of images) * (number of nodes in cluster)

For example, running the image puller that caches 5 images on 20 nodes, with a container memory limit of 5Mi, your namespace would need a quota of 500Mi.

Installing the image puller

oc new-project k8s-image-puller

oc process -f deploy/openshift/serviceaccount.yaml | oc apply -f -

oc process -f deploy/openshift/configmap.yaml | oc apply -f -

oc process -f deploy/openshift/app.yaml | oc apply -f -

To change parameters, add -p PARAM=value to the oc process command, before piping to oc apply.

Building

Makefile

# Build Go binary:
make build
# Make docker image:
make docker
# The above:
make
# Clean:
make clean

The provided Makefile has two parameters:

  • DOCKERIMAGE_NAME: name for docker image
  • DOCKERIMAGE_TAG: tag for docker image

Manual

Build:

CGO_ENABLED=1
BINARY_NAME=kubernetes-image-puller

GOOS=linux go build -v -o ./bin/${BINARY_NAME} ./cmd/main.go
GOOS=linux go build -a -ldflags '-w -s' -a -installsuffix cgo -o ./bin/sleep ./sleep/sleep.go

Make docker image:

DOCKERIMAGE_NAME=kubernetes-image-puller
DOCKERIMAGE_TAG=next

docker build -t ${DOCKERIMAGE_NAME}:${DOCKERIMAGE_TAG} -f ./build/dockerfiles/Dockerfile .

Testing

Once built and published to a registry, you can test FIPS compliance using https://github.com/openshift/check-payload#scan-a-container-or-operator-image

To run the unit tests:

make test

End to end tests require kind. Note that kind should not be installed with go get from this repository's directory.

cd $HOME && GO111MODULE="on" go get sigs.k8s.io/[email protected] && cd ~-

./hack/run-e2e.sh

Will start a kind cluster and run the end-to-end tests in ./e2e. To remove the cluster after running the tests, pass the --rm argument to the script, or run kind delete cluster --name k8s-image-puller-e2e.

Scratch Images

The image puller also supports pre-pulling the scratch images. Previously the image puller was not able to pull scratch images, as they do not contain a sleep command.

However, the daemonset created by the Kubernetes Image Puller now:

  1. creates an initContainer that copies a golang-based sleep binary to a common kip volume.
  2. creates containers volumeMounts set to the kip volume, and with command set to /kip/sleep 720h

As a result, every container (including scratch image containers) uses the provided golang-based sleep binary.

Trademark

"Che" is a trademark of the Eclipse Foundation.

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Kubernetes Image Puller is used for caching images on a cluster. It creates a DaemonSet downloading and running the relevant container images on each node.

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