Merge pull request #34 from h-2/fastq

[feature] add FastQ reading

include/bio/format/fasta.hpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /*!\file
- * brief Provides the seqan3::format_fasta.
+ * \brief Provides the bio::fasta.
  * \author Hannes Hauswedell <hannes.hauswedell AT decode.is>
  */
 

include/bio/format/fastq.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Copyright (c) 2006-2021, Knut Reinert & Freie Universität Berlin
+// Copyright (c) 2016-2021, Knut Reinert & MPI für molekulare Genetik
+// Copyright (c) 2020-2021, deCODE Genetics
+// This file may be used, modified and/or redistributed under the terms of the 3-clause BSD-License
+// shipped with this file and also available at: https://github.com/seqan/seqan3/blob/master/LICENSE.md
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*!\file
+ * \brief Provides the bio::fastq.
+ * \author Hannes Hauswedell <hannes.hauswedell AT decode.is>
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <bio/platform.hpp>
+
+namespace bio
+{
+
+/*!\brief       The FastQ format.
+ * \ingroup     format
+ *
+ * \details
+ *
+ * This is the FastQ format tag. If you want to read FastQ files, use bio::seq_io::reader, and if you want
+ * to write FastQ files, use bio::seq_io::writer.
+ *
+ * ### Introduction
+ *
+ * FastQ is the de-facto-standard for read data in bionformatics. See the
+ * [article on wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASTQ_format) for a an in-depth description of the format.
+ *
+ * ### Fields
+ *
+ * The FastQ format provides the fields bio::field::seq, bio::field::id and bio::field::qual.
+ * All fields are required when writing.
+ *
+ * ### Implementation notes
+ *
+ * The following optional features are supported by the implementation:
+ *
+ *   * Second ID line as third line (after `+`).
+ *
+ * The following optional features are *not* supported by the implementation:
+ *
+ *   * Linebreaks within any field.
+ */
+struct fastq
+{
+    //!\brief The valid file extensions for this format; note that you can modify this value.
+    static inline std::vector<std::string> file_extensions{"fastq", "fq"};
+};
+
+} // namespace bio

include/bio/format/fastq_input_handler.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Copyright (c) 2006-2021, Knut Reinert & Freie Universität Berlin
+// Copyright (c) 2016-2021, Knut Reinert & MPI für molekulare Genetik
+// Copyright (c) 2020-2021, deCODE Genetics
+// This file may be used, modified and/or redistributed under the terms of the 3-clause BSD-License
+// shipped with this file and also available at: https://github.com/seqan/seqan3/blob/master/LICENSE.md
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*!\file
+ * \brief Provides the bio::format_input_handler implementation for bio::fastq.
+ * \author Hannes Hauswedell <hannes.hauswedell AT decode.is>
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <ranges>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <seqan3/core/range/type_traits.hpp>
+
+#include <seqan3/alphabet/views/to_char.hpp>
+#include <seqan3/core/debug_stream/detail/to_string.hpp>
+#include <seqan3/utility/char_operations/predicate.hpp>
+
+#include <bio/detail/range.hpp>
+#include <bio/format/fastq.hpp>
+#include <bio/format/format_input_handler.hpp>
+#include <bio/plain_io/reader.hpp>
+
+namespace bio
+{
+
+/*!\brief Format input handler for the FastQ format (bio::fastq).
+ * \ingroup format
+ * \details
+ *
+ * ### Attention
+ *
+ * Most users should not perform I/O through input/output handlers but should instead use the respective
+ * readers/writers. See the overview (TODO link) for more information.
+ *
+ * ### Options
+ *
+ * The following options are considered if the respective member variable is availabele in the object passed to
+ * the constructor:
+ *
+ * | Member          | Type    | Default | Description                                         |
+ * |-----------------|---------|---------|-----------------------------------------------------|
+ * |`truncate_ids`   |`bool`   | `false` | Whether to truncate IDs on the first whitespace     |
+ *
+ * ### Performance
+ *
+ * The current implementation is not optimised for performance and performs an unnecessary copy operation––even
+ * when shallow records are returned.
+ */
+template <>
+class format_input_handler<fastq> : public format_input_handler_base<format_input_handler<fastq>>
+{
+private:
+    /*!\name CRTP related entities
+     * \{
+     */
+    //!\brief The type of the CRTP base class.
+    using base_t = format_input_handler_base<format_input_handler<fastq>>;
+    using base_t::parse_field;
+    using base_t::parse_field_aux;
+    using base_t::stream;
+
+    //!\brief Befriend the base class to enable CRTP.
+    friend base_t;
+    //!\}
+
+    //!\brief Print an error message with current line number in diagnostic.
+    [[noreturn]] void error(auto const &... messages) const
+    {
+        std::string message = "[B.I.O. FastQ format error in line " + detail::to_string(line) + "] ";
+        ((message += detail::to_string(messages)), ...);
+
+        throw parse_error{message};
+    }
+
+    /*!\name Options
+     * \{
+     */
+    //!\brief Whether to truncate IDs on first whitespace.
+    bool truncate_ids = false;
+    //!\}
+
+    /*!\name Raw record handling
+     * \{
+     */
+    //!\brief The fields that this format supports [the base class accesses this type].
+    using format_fields     = vtag_t<field::id, field::seq, field::qual>;
+    //!\brief Type of the raw record.
+    using raw_record_type   = record<format_fields, seqan3::list_traits::repeat<3, std::string_view>>;
+    //!\brief Type of the low-level iterator.
+    using lowlevel_iterator = detail::plaintext_input_iterator<plain_io::record_kind::line>;
+
+    //!\brief The raw record.
+    raw_record_type raw_record;
+    //!\brief Buffer for the ID.
+    std::string     id_buffer;
+    //!\brief Buffer for the sequence.
+    std::string     seq_buffer;
+    //!\brief Buffer for the qualities.
+    std::string     qual_buffer;
+
+    //!\brief The low-level iterator.
+    lowlevel_iterator it;
+    //!\brief A line counter.
+    size_t            line = -1;
+
+    //!\brief Read the raw record [the base class invokes this function].
+    void read_raw_record()
+    {
+        id_buffer.clear();
+        seq_buffer.clear();
+        qual_buffer.clear();
+
+        /* READ ID */
+        {
+            ++it;
+            ++line;
+
+            if (it == std::default_sentinel)
+                error("Reached end of file while trying to read ID.");
+
+            std::string_view current_line = *it;
+
+            if (current_line.empty())
+                error("Expected to be on begin of record but line is empty.");
+
+            if ((!seqan3::is_char<'@'>)(current_line[0]))
+                error("ID-line does not begin with '@'.");
+
+            if (truncate_ids)
+            {
+                size_t e = 1;
+                for (; e < current_line.size() && (!seqan3::is_space)(current_line[e]); ++e)
+                {}
+                detail::string_copy(current_line.substr(1, e - 1), id_buffer);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                detail::string_copy(current_line.substr(1), id_buffer);
+            }
+
+            get<field::id>(raw_record) = id_buffer;
+        }
+
+        /* READ SEQ */
+        {
+            ++it;
+            ++line;
+
+            if (it == std::default_sentinel)
+                error("Reached end of file while trying to read SEQ.");
+
+            detail::string_copy(*it, seq_buffer); // is allowed to be empty
+
+            get<field::seq>(raw_record) = seq_buffer;
+        }
+
+        /* READ third line */
+        {
+            ++it;
+            ++line;
+
+            if (it == std::default_sentinel)
+                error("Reached end of file while trying to read third FastQ record line.");
+
+            if ((!seqan3::is_char<'+'>)((*it)[0]))
+                error("Third FastQ record line does not begin with '+'.");
+
+            // we don't process the rest of the line
+        }
+
+        /* READ QUAL */
+        {
+            ++it;
+            ++line;
+
+            if (it == std::default_sentinel)
+                error("Reached end of file while trying to read QUALITIES.");
+
+            detail::string_copy(*it, qual_buffer); // is allowed to be empty
+
+            get<field::qual>(raw_record) = qual_buffer;
+        }
+
+        if (size_t ssize = seq_buffer.size(), qsize = qual_buffer.size(); ssize != qsize)
+            error("Size mismatch between sequence (", ssize, ") and qualities (", qsize, ").");
+    }
+    //!\}
+
+    /*!\name Parsed record handling
+     * \brief This is mostly done via the defaults in the base class.
+     * \{
+     */
+    //!\brief We can prevent another copy if the user wants a string.
+    void parse_field(vtag_t<field::id> const & /**/, std::string & parsed_field) { std::swap(id_buffer, parsed_field); }
+
+    //!\brief We can prevent another copy if the user wants a string.
+    void parse_field(vtag_t<field::seq> const & /**/, std::string & parsed_field)
+    {
+        std::swap(seq_buffer, parsed_field);
+    }
+
+    //!\brief We can prevent another copy if the user wants a string.
+    void parse_field(vtag_t<field::qual> const & /**/, std::string & parsed_field)
+    {
+        std::swap(qual_buffer, parsed_field);
+    }
+    //!\}
+
+public:
+    /*!\name Constructors, destructor and assignment.
+     * \{
+     */
+    format_input_handler()                                         = default; //!< Defaulted.
+    format_input_handler(format_input_handler const &)             = delete;  //!< Deleted.
+    format_input_handler(format_input_handler &&)                  = default; //!< Defaulted.
+    ~format_input_handler()                                        = default; //!< Defaulted.
+    format_input_handler & operator=(format_input_handler const &) = delete;  //!< Deleted.
+    format_input_handler & operator=(format_input_handler &&)      = default; //!< Defaulted.
+
+    /*!\brief Construct with an options object.
+     * \param[in,out] str The input stream.
+     * \param[in] options An object with options for the input handler.
+     * \details
+     *
+     * The options argument is typically bio::seq_io::reader_options, but any object with a subset of similarly named
+     * members is also accepted. See bio::format_input_handler<bio::fastq> for the supported options and defaults.
+     */
+    format_input_handler(std::istream & str, auto const & options) : base_t{str}, it{str, false}
+    {
+        if constexpr (requires { (bool)options.truncate_ids; })
+        {
+            truncate_ids = options.truncate_ids;
+        }
+    }
+
+    //!\brief Construct with only an input stream.
+    format_input_handler(std::istream & str) : format_input_handler{str, int{}} {}
+    //!\}
+};
+
+} // namespace bio

include/bio/seq_io/reader.hpp

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include <bio/detail/reader_base.hpp>
 #include <bio/format/fasta_input_handler.hpp>
+#include <bio/format/fastq_input_handler.hpp>
 #include <bio/seq_io/reader_options.hpp>
 
 namespace bio::seq_io
@@ -54,7 +55,10 @@ namespace bio::seq_io
  *
  * And it supports the following formats:
  *
- *   1. FASTA (see also bio::fasta)
+ *   1. FastA (see also bio::fasta)
+ *   2. FastQ (see also bio::fastq)
+ *
+ * Fields that are not present in a format (e.g. bio::field::qual in FastA) will be returned empty.
  *
  * ### Simple usage
  *
@@ -95,14 +99,12 @@ class reader : public reader_base<reader_options<option_args_t...>>
 {
 private:
     //!\brief The base class.
-    using base_t      = reader_base<reader_options<option_args_t...>>;
+    using base_t = reader_base<reader_options<option_args_t...>>;
+
+public:
     //!\brief Inherit the format_type definition.
     using format_type = typename base_t::format_type;
-    /* Implementation note
-     * format_type is "inherited" as private here to avoid appearing twice in the documentation.
-     * Its actual visibility is public because it is public in the base class.
-     */
-public:
+
     // clang-format off
     //!\copydoc bio::reader_base::reader_base(std::filesystem::path const & filename, format_type const & fmt, options_t const & opt = options_t{})
     // clang-format on