[#4735] improvement(core): Optimize the thrown duplicated entry error…

… message (#4838)

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Optimize the exception message of `SQLException` thrown in UI when
duplicate entities occurs.

![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/df74c64e-097a-4845-9ec7-cf914934b26d)

### Why are the changes needed?

Fix: #4735 

### How was this patch tested?

Add some UTs.

core/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/storage/relational/converters/H2ExceptionConverter.java

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ public void toGravitinoException(SQLException se, Entity.EntityType type, String
       throws IOException {
     switch (se.getErrorCode()) {
       case DUPLICATED_ENTRY_ERROR_CODE:
-        throw new EntityAlreadyExistsException(se, se.getMessage());
+        throw new EntityAlreadyExistsException(
+            se, "The %s entity: %s already exists.", type.name(), name);
       default:
         throw new IOException(se);
     }

core/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/storage/relational/converters/MySQLExceptionConverter.java

@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ public void toGravitinoException(SQLException se, Entity.EntityType type, String
       throws IOException {
     switch (se.getErrorCode()) {
       case DUPLICATED_ENTRY_ERROR_CODE:
-        throw new EntityAlreadyExistsException(se, se.getMessage());
+        throw new EntityAlreadyExistsException(
+            se, "The %s entity: %s already exists.", type.name(), name);
       default:
         throw new IOException(se);
     }

core/src/test/java/org/apache/gravitino/storage/relational/converters/TestH2ExceptionConverter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.storage.relational.converters;
+
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import org.apache.gravitino.Entity;
+import org.apache.gravitino.EntityAlreadyExistsException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+public class TestH2ExceptionConverter {
+  @Test
+  public void testConvertDuplicatedEntryException() {
+    SQLException mockException = Mockito.mock(SQLException.class);
+    Mockito.when(mockException.getErrorCode()).thenReturn(23505);
+    H2ExceptionConverter converter = new H2ExceptionConverter();
+    Assertions.assertThrows(
+        EntityAlreadyExistsException.class,
+        () -> converter.toGravitinoException(mockException, Entity.EntityType.METALAKE, "test"),
+        String.format("The %s entity: %s already exists.", Entity.EntityType.METALAKE, "test"));
+  }
+}

core/src/test/java/org/apache/gravitino/storage/relational/converters/TestMySQLExceptionConverter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.storage.relational.converters;
+
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import org.apache.gravitino.Entity;
+import org.apache.gravitino.EntityAlreadyExistsException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+public class TestMySQLExceptionConverter {
+
+  @Test
+  public void testConvertDuplicatedEntryException() {
+    SQLException mockException = Mockito.mock(SQLException.class);
+    Mockito.when(mockException.getErrorCode()).thenReturn(1062);
+    MySQLExceptionConverter converter = new MySQLExceptionConverter();
+    Assertions.assertThrows(
+        EntityAlreadyExistsException.class,
+        () -> converter.toGravitinoException(mockException, Entity.EntityType.METALAKE, "test"),
+        String.format("The %s entity: %s already exists.", Entity.EntityType.METALAKE, "test"));
+  }
+}