[bug](parquet)Fix the problem that the parquet reader reads the missi…

…ng sub-columns of the struct and fails. (#38718)

## Proposed changes

Fix the problem that the parquet reader reads the missing sub-columns of
the struct and fails.
for example : 
suppose we have a column `array<struct<a:int>>` . And this column has
two data
```
[{1},{2},{3}]
[{4},{5}]
```
Then we add a subcolumn b to the struct . Now the column structure is
like this `array<struct<a:int,b:string>>`
The expected data for the query is as follows, instead of an error  :
 
```
[{1,null},{2,null},{3,null}]
[{4,null},{5,null}]
```

be/src/vec/exec/format/parquet/vparquet_column_reader.cpp

@@ -352,9 +352,6 @@ Status ScalarColumnReader::_read_nested_column(ColumnPtr& doris_column, DataType
         SCOPED_RAW_TIMER(&_decode_null_map_time);
         auto* nullable_column = const_cast<vectorized::ColumnNullable*>(
                 static_cast<const vectorized::ColumnNullable*>(doris_column.get()));
-
-        //        auto* nullable_column = reinterpret_cast<vectorized::ColumnNullable*>(
-        //                (*std::move(src_column)).mutate().get());
         data_column = nullable_column->get_nested_column_ptr();
         map_data_column = &(nullable_column->get_null_map_data());
     } else {
@@ -723,7 +720,7 @@ Status StructColumnReader::read_column_data(ColumnPtr& doris_column, DataTypePtr
     const DataTypeStruct* doris_struct_type =
             reinterpret_cast<const DataTypeStruct*>(remove_nullable(type).get());
 
-    bool least_one_reader = false;
+    int not_missing_column_id = -1;
     std::vector<size_t> missing_column_idxs {};
 
     _read_column_names.clear();
@@ -744,8 +741,8 @@ Status StructColumnReader::read_column_data(ColumnPtr& doris_column, DataTypePtr
         select_vector.reset();
         size_t field_rows = 0;
         bool field_eof = false;
-        if (!least_one_reader) {
-            least_one_reader = true;
+        if (not_missing_column_id == -1) {
+            not_missing_column_id = i;
             RETURN_IF_ERROR(_child_readers[doris_name]->read_column_data(
                     doris_field, doris_type, select_vector, batch_size, &field_rows, &field_eof,
                     is_dict_filter));
@@ -765,20 +762,29 @@ Status StructColumnReader::read_column_data(ColumnPtr& doris_column, DataTypePtr
         }
     }
 
-    if (!least_one_reader) {
+    if (not_missing_column_id == -1) {
         // TODO: support read struct which columns are all missing
         return Status::Corruption("Not support read struct '{}' which columns are all missing",
                                   _field_schema->name);
     }
 
+    //  This missing_column_sz is not *read_rows. Because read_rows returns the number of rows.
+    //  For example: suppose we have a column array<struct<a:int,b:string>>,
+    //  where b is a newly added column, that is, a missing column.
+    //  There are two rows of data in this column,
+    //      [{1,null},{2,null},{3,null}]
+    //      [{4,null},{5,null}]
+    //  When you first read subcolumn a, you read 5 data items and the value of *read_rows is 2.
+    //  You should insert 5 records into subcolumn b instead of 2.
+    auto missing_column_sz = doris_struct.get_column(not_missing_column_id).size();
     // fill missing column with null or default value
     for (auto idx : missing_column_idxs) {
         auto& doris_field = doris_struct.get_column_ptr(idx);
         auto& doris_type = const_cast<DataTypePtr&>(doris_struct_type->get_element(idx));
         DCHECK(doris_type->is_nullable());
         auto* nullable_column = reinterpret_cast<vectorized::ColumnNullable*>(
                 (*std::move(doris_field)).mutate().get());
-        nullable_column->insert_null_elements(*read_rows);
+        nullable_column->insert_null_elements(missing_column_sz);
     }
 
     if (null_map_ptr != nullptr) {

docker/thirdparties/docker-compose/hive/scripts/create_preinstalled_scripts/run66.hql

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use `default`;
+
+create table test_hive_struct_add_column_orc (
+  `id` int,                                         
+  `name` string,                                      
+  `details` struct<age:int,city:string,email:string,phone:int>,                          
+  `sex` int,                                         
+  `complex` array<struct<a:int,b:struct<aa:string,bb:int>>>
+)
+STORED AS ORC
+LOCATION '/user/doris/preinstalled_data/orc_table/test_hive_struct_add_column_orc';
+
+create table test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet (
+  `id` int,                                         
+  `name` string,                                      
+  `details` struct<age:int,city:string,email:string,phone:int>,                          
+  `sex` int,                                         
+  `complex` array<struct<a:int,b:struct<aa:string,bb:int>>>
+)
+STORED AS parquet
+LOCATION '/user/doris/preinstalled_data/parquet_table/test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet';
+

regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/hive/test_hive_struct_add_column.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+
+
+suite("test_hive_struct_add_column", "all_types,p0,external,hive,external_docker,external_docker_hive") {
+
+
+    String enabled = context.config.otherConfigs.get("enableHiveTest")
+    if (enabled != null && enabled.equalsIgnoreCase("true")) {
+        String hivePrefix  ="hive3";
+        setHivePrefix(hivePrefix)
+        String externalEnvIp = context.config.otherConfigs.get("externalEnvIp")
+        String hmsPort = context.config.otherConfigs.get(hivePrefix + "HmsPort")
+        String hdfs_port = context.config.otherConfigs.get(hivePrefix + "HdfsPort")
+
+        String catalog_name = "test_hive_struct_add_column"
+        sql """drop catalog if exists ${catalog_name};"""
+        sql """
+        create catalog if not exists ${catalog_name} properties (
+            'type'='hms',
+            'hadoop.username' = 'hadoop',
+            'fs.defaultFS' = 'hdfs://${externalEnvIp}:${hdfs_port}',
+            'hive.metastore.uris' = 'thrift://${externalEnvIp}:${hmsPort}'
+        );
+        """
+
+        sql """use `${catalog_name}`.`default`"""
+
+        qt_desc  """ desc test_hive_struct_add_column_orc;"""
+        qt_test_1  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc order by id;"""
+        qt_test_2  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where id = 1  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_3  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where complex is null order by id;"""
+        qt_test_4  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where complex is not null order by id"""
+        qt_test_5  """ select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where complex is null order by id """
+        qt_test_6  """ select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where complex is not null order by id  """
+        qt_test_7  """select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where complex is null  order by id; """
+        qt_test_8  """select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where complex is not null order by id;"""
+        qt_test_9  """select sex  from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where sex = 0 order by id;"""
+        qt_test_10  """select sex  from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where sex = 1 order by id;"""
+        qt_test_11  """select sex  from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where sex = 2  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_12  """select *    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where sex = 2 order by id; """
+        qt_test_13  """select *    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where id =sex  order by id;""" 
+        qt_test_14  """select *    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where id -52=sex order by id;"""
+        qt_test_15  """select *,complex[1]    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where struct_element(complex[1],1) = 1 order by id;"""
+        qt_test_16  """ select complex    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where struct_element(complex[1],1) = 2 and struct_element(complex[1],2) is null  order by id ; """ 
+        qt_test_17  """select details    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is not null  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_18  """select details    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is  null  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_19  """ select details,id    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is not  null order by id ;"""
+        qt_test_20  """ select details,id    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is null order by id;"""
+        qt_test_21  """ select sex,count(*)    from test_hive_struct_add_column_orc group by  sex order by count(*);"""
+
+
+
+        qt_desc  """ desc test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet;"""
+        qt_test_1  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet order by id;"""
+        qt_test_2  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where id = 1  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_3  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where complex is null order by id;"""
+        qt_test_4  """ select * from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where complex is not null order by id"""
+        qt_test_5  """ select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where complex is null order by id """
+        qt_test_6  """ select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where complex is not null order by id  """
+        qt_test_7  """select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where complex is null  order by id; """
+        qt_test_8  """select complex from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where complex is not null order by id;"""
+        qt_test_9  """select sex  from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where sex = 0 order by id;"""
+        qt_test_10  """select sex  from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where sex = 1 order by id;"""
+        qt_test_11  """select sex  from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where sex = 2  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_12  """select *    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where sex = 2 order by id; """
+        qt_test_13  """select *    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where id =sex  order by id;""" 
+        qt_test_14  """select *    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where id -52=sex order by id;"""
+        qt_test_15  """select *,complex[1]    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where struct_element(complex[1],1) = 1 order by id;"""
+        qt_test_16  """ select complex    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where struct_element(complex[1],1) = 2 and struct_element(complex[1],2) is null  order by id ; """ 
+        qt_test_17  """select details    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is not null  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_18  """select details    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is  null  order by id;"""
+        qt_test_19  """ select details,id    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is not  null order by id ;"""
+        qt_test_20  """ select details,id    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet where struct_element(details,1) = 25 and struct_element(details,4) is null order by id;"""
+        qt_test_21  """ select sex,count(*)    from test_hive_struct_add_column_parquet group by  sex order by count(*);"""
+
+
+
+        sql """drop catalog if exists ${catalog_name}"""
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+drop table user_info_orc;
+CREATE TABLE user_info_orc (
+    id INT,
+    name STRING,
+    details STRUCT<age:INT, city:STRING>
+)
+stored as orc;
+INSERT INTO TABLE user_info_orc
+VALUES
+    (1, 'Alice', named_struct('age', 25, 'city', 'New York')),
+    (2, 'Blice', named_struct('age', 26, 'city', 'New York New York')),
+    (3, 'Clice', named_struct('age', 27, 'city', 'New York New York New York')),
+    (4, 'Dlice', named_struct('age', 28, 'city', 'New York New York New York New York')),
+    (5, 'Elice', named_struct('age', 29, 'city', 'New York New York New York New York New York'));
+ALTER TABLE user_info_orc CHANGE COLUMN details details STRUCT<age:INT, city:STRING, email:STRING>;
+INSERT INTO TABLE user_info_orc
+VALUES
+    (11, 'AAlice', named_struct('age', 125, 'city', 'acity', 'email', '[email protected]')),
+    (12, 'BBlice', named_struct('age', 126, 'city', 'bcity', 'email', '[email protected]')),
+    (13, 'CClice', named_struct('age', 127, 'city', 'ccity', 'email', '[email protected]')),
+    (14, 'DDlice', named_struct('age', 128, 'city', 'dcity', 'email', '[email protected]')),
+    (15, 'EElice', named_struct('age', 129, 'city', 'ecity', 'email', NULL));
+ALTER TABLE user_info_orc CHANGE COLUMN details details STRUCT<age:INT, city:STRING, email:STRING, phone:int>;
+INSERT INTO  user_info_orc
+VALUES
+    (21, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 218, 'city', 'San Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]','phone',123)),
+    (22, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 228, 'city', 'San-Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]','phone',1234)),
+    (23, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 238, 'city', 'SanxFrancisco', 'email', '[email protected]','phone',12345)),
+    (24, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 248, 'city', 'San888Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]','phone',123456)),
+    (25, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 258, 'city', 'San0000Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]','phone',NULL));
+desc user_info_orc;
+ALTER TABLE user_info_orc add columns (sex  int);
+INSERT INTO TABLE user_info_orc
+VALUES
+    (31, 'Alice', named_struct('age', 25, 'city', 'New York', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 123456),0),
+    (32, 'Bob', named_struct('age', 30, 'city', 'Los Angeles', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 789012),0),
+    (33, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 28, 'city', 'San Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 456789),1),
+    (34, 'David', named_struct('age', 32, 'city', 'Chicago', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 987654),0),
+    (35, 'Eve', named_struct('age', 27, 'city', 'Seattle', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', NULL),NULL);
+ALTER TABLE user_info_orc add columns (complex array<struct<a:int>>);
+INSERT INTO TABLE user_info_orc
+VALUES
+    (41,'Alice', named_struct('age', 25, 'city', 'New York', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 123456), 1, array(named_struct('a', 1),named_struct('a', 1))),
+    (42,'Bob', named_struct('age', 30, 'city', 'Los Angeles', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 789012), 1, array(named_struct('a', 2),named_struct('a', 1))),
+    (43,'Charlie', named_struct('age', 28, 'city', 'San Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 456789), 2, array(named_struct('a', 3),named_struct('a', 1))),
+    (44,'David', named_struct('age', 32, 'city', 'Chicago', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 987654), 1, array(named_struct('a', 4),named_struct('a', 1))),
+    (45,'Eve', named_struct('age', 27, 'city', 'Seattle', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 654321), 2, array(named_struct('a', 5),named_struct('a', 1)));
+
+ALTER TABLE user_info_orc CHANGE COLUMN complex complex array<struct<a:int,b:struct<aa:string,bb:int>>>;
+INSERT INTO TABLE user_info_orc
+VALUES
+    (51, 'Alice', named_struct('age', 25, 'city', 'New York', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 123456), 1, array(named_struct('a', 1, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'foo', 'bb', 100)),named_struct('a', 1, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'foo', 'bb', 100)))),
+    (52, 'Bob', named_struct('age', 30, 'city', 'Los Angeles', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 789012), 2, array(named_struct('a', 2, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'bar', 'bb', 200)))),
+    (53, 'Charlie', named_struct('age', 28, 'city', 'San Francisco', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 456789), 1, array(named_struct('a', 3, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'baz', 'bb', 300)))),
+    (54, 'David', named_struct('age', 32, 'city', 'Chicago', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 987654), 2, array(named_struct('a', 8, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'qux', 'bb', 400)))),
+    (55, 'Eve', named_struct('age', 27, 'city', 'Seattle', 'email', '[email protected]', 'phone', 654321), 1, array(named_struct('a', 5, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'abcd', 'bb', 500)),named_struct('a', 5, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'abcdffff', 'bb', 5000)),named_struct('a', 5, 'b', named_struct('aa', 'abcdtttt', 'bb', 500000))));
+
+
+cp user_info_orc/ =>  test_hive_struct_add_column_orc/
+
+create table test_hive_struct_add_column_orc (
+  `id` int,                                         
+  `name` string,                                      
+  `details` struct<age:int,city:string,email:string,phone:int>,                          
+  `sex` int,                                         
+  `complex` array<struct<a:int,b:struct<aa:string,bb:int>>>
+)
+STORED AS ORC;
+LOCATION '/user/doris/preinstalled_data/orc_table/test_hive_struct_add_column_orc';
+
+*/