Add GlobalPhase to all devices

[vincentmr]

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---

Context:
Prior to #516 , the Lightning devices could not properly run Grover's algorithm (among others) because GlobalPhase and C(GlobalPhase) are not supported. This would also be true of any circuit which ends up with GlobalPhase or C(GlobalPhase) after decomposition. In addition, L-GPU's custom gate cache was not passed a parameter to distinguish between gates. This meant, for example, that MultiControlledX([0, 1, 2], "111") and MultiControlledX([0, 2], "00") were applied as the same operation. This likely affected any circuit with more than one version of

"QubitUnitary",
"ControlledQubitUnitary",
"MultiControlledX",
"DiagonalQubitUnitary",
"PSWAP",
"OrbitalRotation",

Description of the Change:
Add GlobalPhase and C(GlobalPhase) support in L-GPU and L-Kokkos. For the sake of time, C(GlobalPhase) is implemented by generating the diagonal entries with global_phase_diagonal at the Python layer, and then passing it through the gate matrix argument down to the C++ layer and adding a special branch for it in applyOperation. To fix the gate cache, we pass the gate hash as a parameter when applying any of the above gates to make sure the gate cache adds a new matrix.

Benefits:
Bug fix, can now run Grover with L-GPU and L-Kokkos.

Possible Drawbacks:
Higher memory demand in the gate cache.

Related GitHub Issues:

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 49 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (2143239) 98.96% compared to head (5c233ef) 98.47%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
.../simulators/lightning_kokkos/StateVectorKokkos.hpp	8.00%	23 Missing ⚠️
...imulators/lightning_gpu/StateVectorCudaManaged.hpp	14.28%	18 Missing ⚠️
...ators/lightning_kokkos/gates/GateFunctorsParam.hpp	0.00%	7 Missing ⚠️
...tning_qubit/gates/tests/Test_OpToMemberFuncPtr.cpp	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #579      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   98.96%   98.47%   -0.49%     
==========================================
  Files         169      169              
  Lines       24308    24387      +79     
==========================================
- Hits        24056    24015      -41     
- Misses        252      372     +120     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[vincentmr]

Grover algorithm returns wrong results with [sc-51671]

[mlxd]

Thanks @vincentmr
I think we can come back and discuss this in a few weeks

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 7 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (1e07379) 98.49% compared to head (95f4f2a) 98.72%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
...lane_lightning/core/src/utils/TestHelpersWires.hpp	66.66%	4 Missing ⚠️
...tning_qubit/gates/tests/Test_OpToMemberFuncPtr.cpp	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
...gates/tests/Test_GateImplementations_Generator.cpp	97.61%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #579      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   98.49%   98.72%   +0.22%     
==========================================
  Files         169      169              
  Lines       24717    24557     -160     
==========================================
- Hits        24345    24243     -102     
+ Misses        372      314      -58     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[AmintorDusko]

Hi @vincentmr, I left a few comments.

[mlxd]

Thanks @vincentmr
Just a few final questions, and will be happy to approve once they are commented on.