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proper termination, take 2
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This PR is an alternative to #99.
This is built on top of #116.

With this PR, the following test cases now pass correctly:
```julia
    # Final block is not a `return`: Need to use `config::SelectiveEvalRecurse` explicitly
    ex = quote
        x = 1
        yy = 7
        @Label loop
        x += 1
        x < 5 || return yy
        @goto loop
    end
    frame = Frame(ModSelective, ex)
    src = frame.framecode.src
    edges = CodeEdges(ModSelective, src)
    config = SelectiveEvalRecurse()
    isrequired = lines_required(GlobalRef(ModSelective, :x), src, edges, config)
    selective_eval_fromstart!(config, frame, isrequired, true)
    @test ModSelective.x == 5
    @test !isdefined(ModSelective, :yy)
```

The basic approach is overloading `JuliaInterpreter.step_expr!` and
`LoweredCodeUtils.next_or_nothing!` for the new `SelectiveEvalController`
type, as described below, to perform correct selective execution.

When `SelectiveEvalController` is passed as the `recurse` argument of
`selective_eval!`, the selective execution is adjusted as follows:

- **Implicit return**: In Julia's IR representation (`CodeInfo`), the
  final block does not necessarily return and may `goto` another block.
  And if the `return` statement is not included in the slice in such
  cases, it is necessary to terminate `selective_eval!` when execution
  reaches such implicit return statements. `controller.implicit_returns`
  records the PCs of such return statements, and `selective_eval!` will
  return when reaching those statements.
  This is the core part of the fix for the test cases in
  #99.

- **CFG short-cut**: When the successors of a conditional branch are
  inactive, and it is safe to move the program counter from the
  conditional branch to the nearest common post-dominator of those
  successors, this short-cut is taken. This short-cut is not merely an
  optimization but is actually essential for the correctness of the
  selective execution. This is because, in `CodeInfo`, even if we simply
  fall-through dead blocks (i.e., increment the program counter without
  executing the statements of those blocks), it does not necessarily
  lead to the nearest common post-dominator block.

And now [`lines_required`](@ref) or [`lines_required!`](@ref) will
update the `SelectiveEvalController` passed as their argument to be
appropriate for the program slice generated.

One thing to note is that currently, the `controller` is not be recursed.
That said, in Revise, which is the main consumer of LCU, there is no
need for recursive selective execution, and so `selective_eval!` does
not provide a system for inter-procedural selective evaluation.
Accordingly `SelectiveEvalController` does not recurse too, but this can
be left as a future extension.
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aviatesk committed Sep 10, 2024
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions docs/src/api.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ lines_required
lines_required!
selective_eval!
selective_eval_fromstart!
SelectiveEvalController
```

## Internal utilities
Expand Down
7 changes: 4 additions & 3 deletions src/LoweredCodeUtils.jl
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -11,9 +11,10 @@ module LoweredCodeUtils

using JuliaInterpreter
using JuliaInterpreter: SSAValue, SlotNumber, Frame
using JuliaInterpreter: @lookup, moduleof, pc_expr, step_expr!, is_global_ref, is_quotenode_egal, whichtt,
next_until!, finish_and_return!, get_return, nstatements, codelocation, linetable,
is_return, lookup_return
using JuliaInterpreter: @lookup, moduleof, pc_expr, is_global_ref, is_quotenode_egal,
whichtt, next_until!, finish_and_return!, nstatements, codelocation,
linetable, is_return, lookup_return
import JuliaInterpreter: step_expr!

include("packagedef.jl")

Expand Down
149 changes: 130 additions & 19 deletions src/codeedges.jl
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -173,6 +173,41 @@ function postprint_linelinks(io::IO, idx::Int, src::CodeInfo, cl::CodeLinks, bbc
return nothing
end

struct CFGShortCut
from::Int # pc of GotoIfNot with inactive 𝑰𝑵𝑭𝑳 blocks
to::Int # pc of the entry of the nearest common post-dominator of the GotoIfNot's successors
end

"""
controller::SelectiveEvalController
When this object is passed as the `recurse` argument of `selective_eval!`,
the selective execution is adjusted as follows:
- **Implicit return**: In Julia's IR representation (`CodeInfo`), the final block does not
necessarily return and may `goto` another block. And if the `return` statement is not
included in the slice in such cases, it is necessary to terminate `selective_eval!` when
execution reaches such implicit return statements. `controller.implicit_returns` records
the PCs of such return statements, and `selective_eval!` will return when reaching those statements.
- **CFG short-cut**: When the successors of a conditional branch are inactive, and it is
safe to move the program counter from the conditional branch to the nearest common
post-dominator of those successors, this short-cut is taken.
This short-cut is not merely an optimization but is actually essential for the correctness
of the selective execution. This is because, in `CodeInfo`, even if we simply fall-through
dead blocks (i.e., increment the program counter without executing the statements of those
blocks), it does not necessarily lead to the nearest common post-dominator block.
These adjustments are necessary for performing selective execution correctly.
[`lines_required`](@ref) or [`lines_required!`](@ref) will update the `SelectiveEvalController`
passed as an argument to be appropriate for the program slice generated.
"""
struct SelectiveEvalController{RC}
inner::RC # N.B. this doesn't support recursive selective evaluation
implicit_returns::BitSet # pc where selective execution should terminate even if they're inactive
shortcuts::Vector{CFGShortCut}
SelectiveEvalController(inner::RC=finish_and_return!) where RC = new{RC}(inner, BitSet(), CFGShortCut[])
end

function namedkeys(cl::CodeLinks)
ukeys = Set{GlobalRef}()
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -566,8 +601,8 @@ end


"""
isrequired = lines_required(obj::GlobalRef, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges)
isrequired = lines_required(idx::Int, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges)
isrequired = lines_required(obj::GlobalRef, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges, [controller::SelectiveEvalController])
isrequired = lines_required(idx::Int, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges, [controller::SelectiveEvalController])
Determine which lines might need to be executed to evaluate `obj` or the statement indexed by `idx`.
If `isrequired[i]` is `false`, the `i`th statement is *not* required.
Expand All @@ -576,21 +611,26 @@ will end up skipping a subset of such statements, perhaps while repeating others
See also [`lines_required!`](@ref) and [`selective_eval!`](@ref).
"""
function lines_required(obj::GlobalRef, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges; kwargs...)
function lines_required(obj::GlobalRef, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges,
controller::SelectiveEvalController=SelectiveEvalController();
kwargs...)
isrequired = falses(length(edges.preds))
objs = Set{GlobalRef}([obj])
return lines_required!(isrequired, objs, src, edges; kwargs...)
return lines_required!(isrequired, objs, src, edges, controller; kwargs...)
end

function lines_required(idx::Int, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges; kwargs...)
function lines_required(idx::Int, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges,
controller::SelectiveEvalController=SelectiveEvalController();
kwargs...)
isrequired = falses(length(edges.preds))
isrequired[idx] = true
objs = Set{GlobalRef}()
return lines_required!(isrequired, objs, src, edges; kwargs...)
return lines_required!(isrequired, objs, src, edges, controller; kwargs...)
end

"""
lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges;
lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges,
[controller::SelectiveEvalController];
norequire = ())
Like `lines_required`, but where `isrequired[idx]` has already been set to `true` for all statements
Expand All @@ -602,9 +642,11 @@ should _not_ be marked as a requirement.
For example, use `norequire = LoweredCodeUtils.exclude_named_typedefs(src, edges)` if you're
extracting method signatures and not evaluating new definitions.
"""
function lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges; kwargs...)
function lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges,
controller::SelectiveEvalController=SelectiveEvalController();
kwargs...)
objs = Set{GlobalRef}()
return lines_required!(isrequired, objs, src, edges; kwargs...)
return lines_required!(isrequired, objs, src, edges, controller; kwargs...)
end

function exclude_named_typedefs(src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges)
Expand All @@ -624,7 +666,9 @@ function exclude_named_typedefs(src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges)
return norequire
end

function lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, objs, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges; norequire = ())
function lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, objs, src::CodeInfo, edges::CodeEdges,
controller::SelectiveEvalController=SelectiveEvalController();
norequire = ())
# Mark any requested objects (their lines of assignment)
objs = add_requests!(isrequired, objs, edges, norequire)

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -659,7 +703,10 @@ function lines_required!(isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, objs, src::CodeInfo,
end

# now mark the active goto nodes
add_active_gotos!(isrequired, src, cfg, postdomtree)
add_active_gotos!(isrequired, src, cfg, postdomtree, controller)

# check if there are any implicit return blocks
record_implcit_return!(controller, isrequired, cfg)

return isrequired
end
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -738,13 +785,14 @@ using Core.Compiler: CFG, BasicBlock, compute_basic_blocks
# The basic algorithm is based on what was proposed in [^Wei84]. If there is even one active
# block in the blocks reachable from a conditional branch up to its successors' nearest
# common post-dominator (referred to as 𝑰𝑵𝑭𝑳 in the paper), it is necessary to follow
# that conditional branch and execute the code. Otherwise, execution can be short-circuited
# that conditional branch and execute the code. Otherwise, execution can be short-cut
# from the conditional branch to the nearest common post-dominator.
#
# COMBAK: It is important to note that in Julia's intermediate code representation (`CodeInfo`),
# "short-circuiting" a specific code region is not a simple task. Simply ignoring the path
# to the post-dominator does not guarantee fall-through to the post-dominator. Therefore,
# a more careful implementation is required for this aspect.
# It is important to note that in Julia's intermediate code representation (`CodeInfo`),
# "short-cutting" a specific code region is not a simple task. Simply incrementing the
# program counter without executing the statements of 𝑰𝑵𝑭𝑳 blocks does not guarantee that
# the program counter fall-throughs to the post-dominator.
# To handle such cases, `selective_eval!` needs to use `SelectiveEvalController`.
#
# [Wei84]: M. Weiser, "Program Slicing," IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 10, pages 352-357, July 1984.
function add_control_flow!(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -819,8 +867,8 @@ function reachable_blocks(cfg, from_bb::Int, to_bb::Int)
return visited
end

function add_active_gotos!(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree)
dead_blocks = compute_dead_blocks(isrequired, src, cfg, postdomtree)
function add_active_gotos!(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree, controller::SelectiveEvalController)
dead_blocks = compute_dead_blocks!(isrequired, src, cfg, postdomtree, controller)
changed = false
for bbidx = 1:length(cfg.blocks)
if bbidx dead_blocks
Expand All @@ -838,7 +886,7 @@ function add_active_gotos!(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree)
end

# find dead blocks using the same approach as `add_control_flow!`, for the converged `isrequired`
function compute_dead_blocks(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree)
function compute_dead_blocks!(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree, controller::SelectiveEvalController)
dead_blocks = BitSet()
for bbidx = 1:length(cfg.blocks)
bb = cfg.blocks[bbidx]
Expand All @@ -859,13 +907,31 @@ function compute_dead_blocks(isrequired, src::CodeInfo, cfg::CFG, postdomtree)
end
if !is_𝑰𝑵𝑭𝑳_active
union!(dead_blocks, delete!(𝑰𝑵𝑭𝑳, postdominator))
if postdominator 0
postdominator_bb = cfg.blocks[postdominator]
postdominator_entryidx = postdominator_bb.stmts[begin]
push!(controller.shortcuts, CFGShortCut(termidx, postdominator_entryidx))
end
end
end
end
end
return dead_blocks
end

function record_implcit_return!(controller::SelectiveEvalController, isrequired, cfg::CFG)
for bbidx = 1:length(cfg.blocks)
bb = cfg.blocks[bbidx]
if isempty(bb.succs)
i = findfirst(idx::Int->!isrequired[idx], bb.stmts)
if !isnothing(i)
push!(controller.implicit_returns, bb.stmts[i])
end
end
end
nothing
end

# Do a traveral of "numbered" predecessors and find statement ranges and names of type definitions
function find_typedefs(src::CodeInfo)
typedef_blocks, typedef_names = UnitRange{Int}[], Symbol[]
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -988,6 +1054,42 @@ function add_inplace!(isrequired, src, edges, norequire)
return changed
end

function JuliaInterpreter.step_expr!(controller::SelectiveEvalController, frame::Frame, @nospecialize(node), istoplevel::Bool)
if frame.pc in controller.implicit_returns
return nothing
elseif node isa GotoIfNot
for shortcut in controller.shortcuts
if shortcut.from == frame.pc
return frame.pc = shortcut.to
end
end
end
# TODO allow recursion: @invoke JuliaInterpreter.step_expr!(controller::Any, frame::Frame, node::Any, istoplevel::Bool)
JuliaInterpreter.step_expr!(controller.inner, frame, node, istoplevel)
end

next_or_nothing!(frame::Frame) = next_or_nothing!(finish_and_return!, frame)
function next_or_nothing!(@nospecialize(recurse), frame::Frame)
pc = frame.pc
if pc < nstatements(frame.framecode)
return frame.pc = pc + 1
end
return nothing
end
function next_or_nothing!(controller::SelectiveEvalController, frame::Frame)
if frame.pc in controller.implicit_returns
return nothing
elseif pc_expr(frame) isa GotoIfNot
for shortcut in controller.shortcuts
if shortcut.from == frame.pc
return frame.pc = shortcut.to
end
end
end
# TODO allow recursion: @invoke next_or_nothing!(controller::Any, frame::Frame)
next_or_nothing!(controller.inner, frame)
end

"""
selective_eval!([recurse], frame::Frame, isrequired::AbstractVector{Bool}, istoplevel=false)
Expand All @@ -1000,6 +1102,15 @@ See [`selective_eval_fromstart!`](@ref) to have that performed automatically.
The default value for `recurse` is `JuliaInterpreter.finish_and_return!`.
`isrequired` pertains only to `frame` itself, not any of its callees.
When `recurse::SelectiveEvalController` is specified, the selective evaluation execution
becomes fully correct. Conversely, with the default `finish_and_return!`, selective
evaluation may not be necessarily correct for all possible Julia code (see
https://github.com/JuliaDebug/LoweredCodeUtils.jl/pull/99 for more details).
Ensure that the specified `controller` is properly synchronized with `isrequired`.
Additionally note that, at present, it is not possible to recurse the `controller`.
In other words, there is no system in place for interprocedural selective evaluation.
This will return either a `BreakpointRef`, the value obtained from the last executed statement
(if stored to `frame.framedata.ssavlues`), or `nothing`.
Typically, assignment to a variable binding does not result in an ssa store by JuliaInterpreter.
Expand Down
3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion src/packagedef.jl
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ const trackedheads = (:method,)
const structdecls = (:_structtype, :_abstracttype, :_primitivetype)

export signature, rename_framemethods!, methoddef!, methoddefs!, bodymethod
export CodeEdges, lines_required, lines_required!, selective_eval!, selective_eval_fromstart!
export CodeEdges, SelectiveEvalController,
lines_required, lines_required!, selective_eval!, selective_eval_fromstart!

include("utils.jl")
include("signatures.jl")
Expand Down
13 changes: 3 additions & 10 deletions src/signatures.jl
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -326,6 +326,7 @@ function rename_framemethods!(@nospecialize(recurse), frame::Frame, methodinfos,
set_to_running_name!(recurse, replacements, frame, methodinfos, selfcalls[idx], calledby, callee, caller)
catch err
@warn "skipping callee $callee (called by $caller) due to $err"
# showerror(stderr, err, stacktrace(catch_backtrace()))
end
end
for sc in selfcalls
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -468,16 +469,8 @@ end
Advance the program counter without executing the corresponding line.
If `frame` is finished, `nextpc` will be `nothing`.
"""
next_or_nothing(frame, pc) = next_or_nothing(finish_and_return!, frame, pc)
next_or_nothing(@nospecialize(recurse), frame, pc) = pc < nstatements(frame.framecode) ? pc+1 : nothing
next_or_nothing!(frame) = next_or_nothing!(finish_and_return!, frame)
function next_or_nothing!(@nospecialize(recurse), frame)
pc = frame.pc
if pc < nstatements(frame.framecode)
return frame.pc = pc + 1
end
return nothing
end
next_or_nothing(frame::Frame, pc::Int) = next_or_nothing(finish_and_return!, frame, pc)
next_or_nothing(@nospecialize(recurse), frame::Frame, pc::Int) = pc < nstatements(frame.framecode) ? pc+1 : nothing

"""
nextpc = skip_until(predicate, [recurse], frame, pc)
Expand Down
20 changes: 19 additions & 1 deletion test/codeedges.jl
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ module ModSelective end
# Check that the result of direct evaluation agrees with selective evaluation
Core.eval(ModEval, ex)
isrequired = lines_required(GlobalRef(ModSelective, :x), src, edges)
# theere is too much diversity in lowering across Julia versions to make it useful to test `sum(isrequired)`
# there is too much diversity in lowering across Julia versions to make it useful to test `sum(isrequired)`
selective_eval_fromstart!(frame, isrequired)
@test ModSelective.x === ModEval.x
@test allmissing(ModSelective, (:y, :z, :a, :b, :k))
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -216,6 +216,24 @@ module ModSelective end
@test ModSelective.k11 == 0
@test 3 <= ModSelective.s11 <= 15

# Final block is not a `return`: Need to use `controller::SelectiveEvalController` explicitly
ex = quote
x = 1
yy = 7
@label loop
x += 1
x < 5 || return yy
@goto loop
end
frame = Frame(ModSelective, ex)
src = frame.framecode.src
edges = CodeEdges(ModSelective, src)
controller = SelectiveEvalController()
isrequired = lines_required(GlobalRef(ModSelective, :x), src, edges, controller)
selective_eval_fromstart!(controller, frame, isrequired, true)
@test ModSelective.x == 5
@test !isdefined(ModSelective, :yy)

# Control-flow in an abstract type definition
ex = :(abstract type StructParent{T, N} <: AbstractArray{T, N} end)
frame = Frame(ModSelective, ex)
Expand Down
3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion test/signatures.jl
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -415,9 +415,10 @@ bodymethtest5(x, y=Dict(1=>2)) = 5
oldenv = Pkg.project().path
try
# we test with the old version of CBinding, let's do it in an isolated environment
# so we don't cause package conflicts with everything else
Pkg.activate(; temp=true, io=devnull)

@info "Adding CBinding to the environment for test purposes"
@info "Adding CBinding v0.9.4 to the environment for test purposes"
Pkg.add(; name="CBinding", version="0.9.4", io=devnull) # `@cstruct` isn't defined for v1.0 and above

m = Module()
Expand Down

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