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CO2MPAS glossary

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gfon edited this page Jan 19, 2017 · 24 revisions

Glossary of terms used in CO2MPAS.

Note

The authoritative terms descriptions are in this page.

Contents

Input file terminology

Vehicle general characteristics

input_version

It corresponds to the version of the template file used for CO2MPAS not to the CO2MPAS version of the code. Different versions of the file have been used throughout the development of the tool. Input files from version >= 2.2.5 can be used for type approving.

vehicle_family_id

It corresponds to an individual code for each vehicle that is simulated with the CO2MPAS model. This ID does not affect the NEDC prediction. The ID is allocated in the output report and in the dice report.

The ID has the following structure: FT-TA-WMI-yyyy-nnnn

Where:

  • FT is an identifier of the family type

    IP = Interpolation family as defined in paragraph 5.6.

    RL = Road load family as defined in paragraph 5.7.

    RM = Road load matrix family as defined in paragraph 5.8.

    PR = Periodically regenerating systems (Ki) family as defined in paragraph 5.9.

  • TA is the distinguishing number of the authority responsible for the family approval as defined in section 1 of point 1 of Annex VII of Directive (EC) 2007/46.

  • WMI (world manufacturer identifier) is a code that identifies the manufacturer in a unique manner and is defined in ISO 3780:2009. For a single manufacturers several WMI codes may be used.

  • yyyy is the year when the test for the family were concluded.

  • nnnn is a four digit sequence number.

fuel_type

Used to indicate the type of fuel used by the vehicle during the test. The user must select one among the following options: diesel, gasoline, LPG, NG or biomethane, ethanol(E85), or biodiesel.

engine fuel lower heating value

Lower heating value of the fuel used in the test, expressed in [kJ/kg of fuel].

fuel_carbon_content_percentage

The amount of carbon present in the fuel by weight, expressed in [%].

ignition_type

Indicate wether the engine of the vehicle is a spark ignition (= positive ignition) or a compression ignition one.

engine_capacity

The total volume of all the cylinders of the engine, expressed in cubic centimeters [cc].

engine_stroke

A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in either direction. Indicate the stroke of the engine, expressed in [mm].

idle_engine_speed_median

Indicate the engine speed in warm conditions during idling, expressed in revolutions per minute [rpm].

engine_idle_fuel_consumption

Provide the fuel consumption of the vehicle in warm conditions during idling. The idling fuel consumption of the vehicle, expressed in grams of fuel per second [gFuel/sec] should be measured when:

  • velocity of the vehicle is 0
  • the start-stop system is disengaged
  • the battery state of charge is at balance conditions.

For CO2MPAS purposes, the engine idle fuel consumption can be measured as follows: Just after a WLTP physical test, when the engine is still warm, leave the car to idle for 3 minutes so that it stabilizes. Then make a constant measurement of fuel consumption for 2 minutes. Disregard the first minute, then calculate idle fuel consumption as the average fuel consumption of the vehicle during the subsequent 1 minute.

final_drive_ratio

Set the final drive ratio. If the final drive ratio is included in the gearbox ratios, set this input to 1. If the car has two different final drive ratios, please set this variable to 1 and provide the total ratios in gear_box_ratios tab (gearbox ratio multiplied by final drive ratio).

tyre_code

Tyre code of the tyres used in the WLTP test (e.g., P195/55R16 85H). CO2MPAS does not require the full tyre code to work. But at least provide the following information: - nominal width of the tyre, in [mm]; - ratio of height to width [%]; and - the load index (e.g., 195/55R16). In case that the front and rear wheels are equipped with tyres of different radius (tyres of different width do not affect CO2MPAS), then the size of the tyres fitted in the powered axle should be declared as input to CO2MPAS. For vehicles with different front and rear wheels tyres tested in 4x4 mode, then the size of the tyres from the wheels where the OBD/CAN vehicle speed signal is measured should be declared as input to CO2MPAS.

gear_box_type

Indicate the kind of gear box among automatic transmission, manual transmission, or continuously variable transmission (CVT).

start_stop_activation_time

Indicate the time elapsed from the begining of the NEDC test to the first time the Start-Stop system is enabled, expressed in seconds [s].

alternator_nomimal_voltage

Alternator nomimal voltage [V].

alternator_nomimal_power

Alternator maximum power [kW].

battery_capacity

Battery capacity [Ah].

calibration.initial_temperature.WLTP-H

Initial temperature of the test cell during the WLTP-L test. It is used to calibrate the thermal model. The default value is 23 °C.

calibration.initial_temperature.WLTP-L

Initial temperature of the test cell during the WLTP-L test. It is used to calibrate the thermal model. The default value is 23 °C.

alternator_efficiency

Average alternator efficiency as declared by the manufacturer over the WLTP cycle; if the value is not provided, the default value is = 0.67.

gear_box_ratios

Insert in the gear_box_ratios tab of the input file the gear box ratios as an array [ratio gear 1, ratio gear 2, ...]

full_load_speeds

Insert in the T1_map tab of the input file the engine full load speeds. Input the engine speed [rpm] array used by the OEM to calculate the gearshifting in WLTP. The engine maximum speed, and the engine speed at maximum power are read from this array. Introduce base values, without any safety margin.

full_load_powers

Insert in the T1_map tab of the input file the engine full load powers. Input the engine power [kW] array used by the OEM to calculate the gearshifting in WLTP. The engine maximum power is read from this array. Introduce base values, without any safety margin.

Road loads

vehicle_mass.WLTP-H

Dyno applied mass [kg].

f0.WLTP-H

Set the F0 road load coefficient for WLTP-H. This scalar corresponds to the rolling resistance force [N], when the angle slope is 0.

f1.WLTP-H

Set the F1 road load coefficient for WLTP-H. Defined by Dyno procedure [N/(km/h)].

f2.WLTP-H

Set the F2 road load coefficient for WLTP-H. As used in the Dyno and defined by the respective guidelines [N/(km/h)^2].

vehicle_mass.WLTP-L

Dyno applied mass [kg]

f0.WLTP-L

Set the F0 road load coefficient for WLTP-L. This scalar corresponds to the rolling resistance force [N], when the angle slope is 0.

f1.WLTP-L

Set the F1 road load coefficient for WLTP-L. Defined by Dyno procedure [N/(km/h)].

f2.WLTP-L

Set the F2 road load coefficient for WLTP-L. As used in the Dyno and defined by the respective guidelines [N/(km/h)^2].

vehicle_mass.NEDC-H

Inertia class of NEDC-H - Do not correct for rotating parts.

f0.NEDC-H

Set the F0 road load coefficient for NEDC-H. This scalar corresponds to the rolling resistance force [N], when the angle slope is 0.

f1.NEDC-H

Set the F1 road load coefficient for NEDC-H. Defined by Dyno procedure [N/(km/h)].

f2.NEDC-H

Set the F2 road load coefficient for NEDC-H. As used in the Dyno and defined by the respective guidelines [N/(km/h)^2].

vehicle_mass.NEDC-L

Inertia class of NEDC-L - Do not correct for rotating parts.

f0.NEDC-L

Set the F0 road load coefficient for NEDC-L. This scalar corresponds to the rolling resistance force [N], when the angle slope is 0.

f1.NEDC-L

Set the F1 road load coefficient for NEDC-L. Defined by Dyno procedure [N/(km/h)].

f2.NEDC-L

Set the F2 road load coefficient for NEDC-L. As used in the Dyno and defined by the respective guidelines [N/(km/h)^2].

Targets

co2_emissions_low.WLTP-H

Phase low, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-H test measurements.

co2_emissions_medium.WLTP-H

Phase medium, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-H test measurements.

co2_emissions_high.WLTP-H

Phase high, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-H test measurements.

co2_emissions_extra_high.WLTP-H

Phase extra high, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-H test measurements.

co2_emissions_low.WLTP-L

Phase low, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-L test measurements.

co2_emissions_medium.WLTP-L

Phase medium, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-L test measurements.

co2_emissions_high.WLTP-L

Phase high, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-L test measurements.

co2_emissions_extra_high.WLTP-L

Phase extra high, CO2 emissions bag values [g|CO2|/km], not corrected for RCB, not rounded WLTP-L test measurements.

target declared_co2_emission_value.NEDC-H

Declared value for NEDC vehicle H [g|CO2|M/km]. Value should be Ki factor corrected.

target declared_co2_emission_value.NEDC-L

Declared value for NEDC vehicle L [g|CO2|/km]. Value should be Ki factor corrected.

ta_certificate_number

Type approving body certificate number. This number is printed in the output file of CO2MPAS

Drive mode

The CO2MPAS model can handle vehicles that have 2x4 and 4x4 wheel drive. Provide in this section the driving mode used in the WLTP and NEDC tests. The default value for all tests is 2x4 wheel drive.

n_wheel_drive.WLTP-H

Specify whether WLTP-H test is conducted on 2-wheel driving or 4-wheel driving. The default is 2-wheel drive.

n_wheel_drive.WLTP-L

Specify whether the WLTP-L test is conducted on 2-wheel driving or 4-wheel driving. The default is 2-wheel drive.

n_wheel_drive.NEDC-H

Specify whether the NEDC-H test is conducted on 2-wheel driving or 4-wheel driving. The default is 2-wheel drive.

n_wheel_drive.NEDC-L

Specify whether NEDC-L test is conducted on 2-wheel driving or 4-wheel driving. The default is 2-wheel drive.

Vehicle technologies

The CO2MPAS model calculates the NEDC CO2 emission prediction considering the presence/absence of a set of technologies in the vehicle. For the following CO2MPAS inputs, 0 corresponds to the absence of the technology whereas 1 is when the vehicle is equipped with the technology. If no input is provided, the CO2MPAS model will use the default value.

engine_is_turbo

If the engine is equipped with any kind of forced induction system set like a turbocharger or supercharger, then set engine_is_turbo to 1. Alternatively, if the air intake of the engine relies on natural aspiration then set engine_is_turbo to 0. The default value is 1.

has_start_stop

The start-stop (S-S) system shuts down the engine of the vehicle during idling to reduce fuel consumption and it restarts it again when the footbrake/clutch is pressed. If the vehicle has a S-S system, set has_start_stop to 1. If the vehicle is not equipped with this technology, set it to 0. The default is 1.

has_energy_recuperation

Set has_energy_recuperation to 1 if the vehicle is equipped with any kind of brake energy recuperation technology / regenerative breaks. Otherwise, set it to 0. The default is 1.

has_torque_converter

Set has_torque_converter to 1 if the vehicle is equipped with this technology otherwise, set has_torque_converter to 0. For manual transmission vehicles the default is 0. For automatic tranmission vehicles, the default is 1. For vehicles with continuously variable transmission, the default is 0.

fuel_saving_at_strategy

Setting fuel_saving_at_strategy to 1 will allow CO2MPAS to use a higher gear at constant speed driving than in case of transient conditions, resulting in a reduction of fuel consumption. This technology was refered as eco_mode in previous releases of CO2MPAS. The default is 1.

has_periodically_regenerating_systems

If the vehicle is equipped with periodically regenerating systems (anti-pollution devices such as catalytic converter or particulate trap) that require a periodical regeneration process in less than 4 000 km of normal vehicle operation, set has_periodically_regenerating_systems to 1. Otherwise, set it to 0. The default is 0.

ki_factor

For vehicles without periodically regenerating systems ki_factor is set to 1. For vehicles with periodically regenerating systems, if not provided, this value is set to 1.05. The ki_factor to be used for CO2MPAS is the same value used for NEDC physical tests.

engine_has_variable_valve_actuation

Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) includes a range of technologies which are used to enable variable valve event timing, duration and/or lift. The term as set includes Valve Timing Control (VTC)—also referred to as Variable Valve Timing (VVT) systems and Variable Valve Lift (VVL) or a combination of these systems (phasing, timing and lift variation). If the vehicle features VVA, set engine_has_variable_valve_actuation to 1. Otherwise, set it to 0. The default is 0.

engine_has_cylinder_deactivation

This technology allows the deactivation of one or more cylinders under specific conditions predefined in the CO2MPAS code. The implementation in CO2MPAS allows to use different deactivation ratios. So in the case of an 8-cylinder engine, a 50% deactivation (4 cylinders off) or a 25% deactivation ratio (2 cylinders off) are plausible. CO2MPAS selects the optimal ratio at each point from the plausible deactivation ratios provided by the user. The user cannot alter the deactivation strategy. If the vehicle is equipped with a cylinder deactivation system, then set engine_has_cylinder_deactivation to 1 and indicate the deactivation ratios in the active_cylinder_ratios tab. Note that the active_cylinder_ratios always starts with 1 (all cylinders are active) and then it the user can set the corresponding ratios. For example, if the vehicle has an engine with 6 cylinders and it has the possibility to deactivate 2 or 3 or 4 cylinders, you have to introduce the following ratios: 0.66 (4/6), 0.5 (3/6), and 0.33 (2/6). If the vehicle does not have cylinder deactivation set engine_has_cylinder_deactivation to 0. The default is 0. Note that as of November 2016 this specific technology is in validation phase due to lack of sufficient data to support its appropriate implementation in the code. For Rally release, this specific input is considered to be optional.

has_lean_burn

The lean burn (LB) technology refers to the burning of fuel with an excess of air in an internal combustion engine. All compression ignition vehicles are supposed to be equipped with LB by default therefore for compression ignition has_lean_burn must be set to 0. For positive ignition engines set has_lean_burn to 1 if the vehicle is equipped with LB, otherwise set it to 0. The default is 0.

has_gear_box_thermal_management

This specific technology option applies only to vehicles in which the temperature of the gearbox is regulated from the vehicle's cooling circuit using a heat-exchanger, heating storage system or other methods for directing engine waste-heat to the gearbox. Gearbox mounting and other passive systems (encapsulation) should not be considered. In case the vehicle is equipped with the described gear box thermal management system, set has_gear_box_thermal_management to 1, otherwise, set it to 0. The default is 0. Note that as of November 2016 this specific technology is in validation phase due to lack of sufficient data to support its appropriate implementation in the code. For Rally release, this specific input is considered to be optional.

has_exhausted_gas_recirculation

Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) recirculates a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders to reduce NOxemissions. The technology does not concern internal (in-cylinder) EGR. Set has_exhausted_gas_recirculation to 1 if the vehicle is equipped with external EGR (High pressure, Low pressure, or a combination of the two) Otherwise, set it to 0. The default is 0 for gasolines, and 1 for diesel vehicles.

has_selective_catalytic_reduction

On compression ignition vehicles, the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system uses urea to reduce NOx emissions. Therefore this technology is only applicable for compression ignition engines. If the vehicle is equipped with SCR set has_selective_catalytic_reduction to 1 (True), otherwise, set it to 0 (False). The default value is 0. Note that as of November 2016 this specific technology is in validation phase due to lack of sufficient data to support its appropriate implementation in the code. For Rally release, this specific input is considered to be optional.

Dyno configuration

n_dyno_axes.WLTP-H

The WLTP regulation states that WLTP tests should be performed using a dyno with 2 rotating axis. Therefore, the default value for this variable is 2. Set n_dyno_axes.WLTP-H to 1 in case a 1 rotating axis dyno was used during the WLTP-H test.

n_dyno_axes.WLTP-L

The WLTP regulation states that WLTP tests should be performed using a dyno with 2 rotating axis. Therefore, the default value for this variable is 2. Set n_dyno_axes.WLTP-L to 1 in case a 1 rotating axis dyno was used during the WLTP-L test.

Generic terms

NEDC

New European Driving Cycle

WLTP

Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedures

reproducibility

Reproducibility is the capacity of a CO2MPAS simulation to be duplicated in the same computer using the same input file, and the same running options. Reproducibility in CO2MPAS is guaranteed when using the All-in-One environment. However, note that differences in the output of CO2MPAS between 2 identical runs (same computer, same input file, same flags) may occur due to the rounding of decimals >= 12th position.

replicability

Replicability is the capacity of a CO2MPAS simulation to be duplicated in a different computer (by the same or a different person) using the same input file, and the same running options. Reproducibility in CO2MPAS is guaranteed when using the All-in-One environment.

electronic-file (e-file)

Any piece of information stored in electronic form that constitutes the input or the output of some software application.

Hash-ID

A very big number usually expressed in hexadecimal form that can be generated cryptographically from any kind of e-file based exclusively on its contents; even if a single bit of the file changes, its hash-id is guaranteed to be different.

Dice

The CO2MPAS application responsible for producing a sampling flag that defines whether a Vehicle has to undergo a physical testing under NEDC (in addition to WLTP).

Alternative/related names: dice application, sampling application, dice command

Git

An open-source version control system use for software development that organizes files in version folders, stored based on their SHA1 hashes. It is distributed, in the sense that any git installation can communicate and exchange files and versions with any other installation.

SHA1

A fast and secure hashing algorithm with 160bit numbers (20 bytes, 40 hex digits), used also by Git.

Example:

SHA1(“Hi CO2MPAS”) = 911907f21baea8215a38a10396403bd7cd81bddf

Git DB

The git repository maintained by the Dice command that collects all the files and the reports generated during the Type Approving process with CO2MPAS. It is created by the Technical Service and must be sent to the Type Approval Authority. Any hash-ids generated in the mean time are retrieved by this repository. Alternative/related names: Hash DB, Git repo DB, Git repo, Git db

IO

Input/Output; when referring to a software application, we mean the internal interfaces that read and write files and streams of data from devices, databases or other external resources.

OEM

Original Equipment Manufacturers, eg. Vehicle manufacturer

Rotational mass

to be added

Preconditioning effect

to be added

Model scores

After each run of the CO2MPAS model, it is possible to check in the dice report sheet a set of scores that are an indicator of the result of the model for https://co2mpas.io/_images/CO2MPAS_model_score_targets_limits.png

Bag phases

to be added

Reports & exchanged files

Dice Report

A sheet in the Output file containing non-confidential results of the simulation to be communicated to supervision bodies through a timestamp server. Alternative/related names: dice email, sampling response, sampling flag

Dice email

The actual email sent to be timestamped (roughly derived from Input + Output files):

:= Dice Report + HASH #1

Dice stamp

The response email from timestamp-server, from which the OK/SAMPLE Decision-flag is derived:

:= Dice email + Signature (random)

Decision flag

The OK/SAMPLE flag derived from the Dice stamp's signature - it is an abstract entity, not stored anywhere per se. SAMPLE meaning that indipendently of the result of CO2MPAS prediction, the vehicle has to undergo an NEDC physical test. OK means that the declared NEDC value is accepted (if CO2MPAS prediction does not deviate more than 4% of the declared NEDC value).

https://github.com/VictorValverde/CO2MPASreporting/blob/co2mpas/dice_co2mpas_dev.PNG

Dice decision

A new file stored in the TAA files as received from timestamps server:

:= Dice stamp + Decision flag

Output Report

A sheet in the Output file that contains they key results of the simulation.

Alternative/related names: output summary sheet, summary sheet, output summary report, summary report

TAA Report

A "printed" PDF file sent to TAA to generate the Certificate (rouhgly unequivocally associated with all files above):

:= Output Report + Dice Decision + Hash #2
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