CI: Add static code analysis using CodeQL. #539

Job	Run time
macos	12m 56s
mingw (MINGW64)	11m 8s
msvc (with OpenMP)	8m 29s
mingw (MINGW32)	12m 59s
ubuntu (gcc with CUDA with OpenMP)	8m 38s
msvc (without OpenMP)	7m 45s
mingw (CLANG64)	17m 1s
ubuntu (gcc without CUDA with OpenMP)	3m 17s
mingw (CLANG32)	14m 9s
ubuntu (clang with CUDA with OpenMP)	6m 37s
ubuntu (clang without CUDA with OpenMP)	4m 33s
ubuntu (gcc without CUDA without OpenMP)	4m 8s
	1h 51m 40s

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