diff --git a/cpp/core/jni/JniWrapper.cc b/cpp/core/jni/JniWrapper.cc
index 45f19c25c749..6a0a5b0057f7 100644
--- a/cpp/core/jni/JniWrapper.cc
+++ b/cpp/core/jni/JniWrapper.cc
@@ -1079,6 +1079,10 @@ JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_apache_gluten_vectorized_ColumnarBatchSeriali
   auto serializer = ctx->createColumnarBatchSerializer(nullptr);
   auto buffer = serializer->serializeColumnarBatches(batches);
   auto bufferArr = env->NewByteArray(buffer->size());
+  GLUTEN_CHECK(
+      bufferArr != nullptr,
+      "Cannot construct a byte array of size " + std::to_string(buffer->size()) +
+          " byte(s) to serialize columnar batches");
   env->SetByteArrayRegion(bufferArr, 0, buffer->size(), reinterpret_cast<const jbyte*>(buffer->data()));
 
   jobject columnarBatchSerializeResult =