diff --git a/docs/docs/04-standard-library/compatibility/compatibility.json b/docs/docs/04-standard-library/compatibility/compatibility.json
index 96705788548..f33fb1ec3cf 100644
--- a/docs/docs/04-standard-library/compatibility/compatibility.json
+++ b/docs/docs/04-standard-library/compatibility/compatibility.json
@@ -297,35 +297,35 @@
       "sim": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-aws": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-azure": { "implemented": false, "issue": 629 },
-      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": false, "issue": 628 },
+      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": true },
       "awscdk": { "implemented": true }
     },
     "inc": {
       "sim": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-aws": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-azure": { "implemented": false, "issue": 629 },
-      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": false, "issue": 628 },
+      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": true },
       "awscdk": { "implemented": true }
     },
     "dec": {
       "sim": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-aws": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-azure": { "implemented": false, "issue": 629 },
-      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": false, "issue": 628 },
+      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": true },
       "awscdk": { "implemented": true }
     },
     "peek": {
       "sim": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-aws": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-azure": { "implemented": false, "issue": 629 },
-      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": false, "issue": 628 },
+      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": true },
       "awscdk": { "implemented": true }
     },
-    "reset": {
+    "set": {
       "sim": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-aws": { "implemented": true },
       "tf-azure": { "implemented": false, "issue": 629 },
-      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": false, "issue": 628 },
+      "tf-gcp": { "implemented": true },
       "awscdk": { "implemented": true }
     }
   },
diff --git a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w
index 23adf176eff..59fdd86f29a 100644
--- a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w
+++ b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w
@@ -1,24 +1,48 @@
 bring cloud;
+bring expect;
 
-let counter = new cloud.Counter(initial: 1);
+// implicit initial (0)
+let counter1 = new cloud.Counter() as "counter1";
+// explicit initial
+let counter2 = new cloud.Counter(initial: -1) as "counter2";
 
-test "dec" {
-  assert(counter.peek() == 1);
-  let dec1 = counter.dec();
-  assert(counter.peek() == 0);
-  assert(dec1 == 1);
-  let dec2 = counter.dec(2);
-  assert(counter.peek() == -2);
-  assert(dec2 == 0);
+test "dec()" {
+  // implicit decrement (-1)
+  let r0 = counter1.dec();
+  expect.equal(r0, 0);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), -1);
+
+  // explicit decrement (positive int)
+  let r1 = counter1.dec(5);
+  expect.equal(r1, -1);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), -6);
+
+  // explicit decrement (negative int)
+  let r2 = counter1.dec(-4);
+  expect.equal(r2, -6);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), -2);
+
+  // explicit decrement (-0)
+  let r3 = counter1.dec(0);
+  expect.equal(r3, -2);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), -2);
 }
 
-test "key dec" {
-  let key = "my-key";
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 1);
-  let dec1 = counter.dec(nil, key);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 0);
-  assert(dec1 == 1);
-  let dec2 = counter.dec(2, key);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == -2);
-  assert(dec2 == 0);
+test "dec() with custom key" {
+  let key = "custom-key";
+
+  // explicit decrement (positive int)
+  let r1 = counter2.dec(5, key);
+  expect.equal(r1, -1);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), -6);
+
+  // explicit decrement (negative int)
+  let r2 = counter2.dec(-4, key);
+  expect.equal(r2, -6);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), -2);
+
+  // explicit decrement (-0)
+  let r3 = counter2.dec(0, key);
+  expect.equal(r3, -2);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), -2);
 }
diff --git a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w
index 6c2165be39e..ce7b0d015fb 100644
--- a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w
+++ b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w
@@ -1,34 +1,48 @@
 bring cloud;
+bring expect;
 
-let counter = new cloud.Counter(initial: 0);
-
-test "inc" {
-  assert(counter.peek() == 0);
-  let r0 = counter.inc();
-  assert(r0 == 0);
-  assert(counter.peek() == 1);
-  let r1 = counter.inc();
-  assert(r1 == 1);
-  assert(counter.peek() == 2);
-  let r2 = counter.inc(10);
-  assert(r2 == 2);
-  assert(counter.peek() == 12);
-  let r3 = counter.inc();
-  assert(r3 == 12);
+// implicit initial (0)
+let counter1 = new cloud.Counter() as "counter1";
+// explicit initial
+let counter2 = new cloud.Counter(initial: -1) as "counter2";
+
+test "inc()" {
+  // implicit increment (+1)
+  let r0 = counter1.inc();
+  expect.equal(r0, 0);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), 1);
+
+  // explicit increment (positive int)
+  let r1 = counter1.inc(5);
+  expect.equal(r1, 1);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), 6);
+
+  // explicit increment (negative int)
+  let r2 = counter1.inc(-4);
+  expect.equal(r2, 6);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), 2);
+
+  // explicit increment (+0)
+  let r3 = counter1.inc(0);
+  expect.equal(r3, 2);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), 2);
 }
 
-test "key inc" {
-  let key = "my-key";
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 0);
-  let r0 = counter.inc(nil, key);
-  assert(r0 == 0);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 1);
-  let r1 = counter.inc(nil, key);
-  assert(r1 == 1);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 2);
-  let r2 = counter.inc(10, key);
-  assert(r2 == 2);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 12);
-  let r3 = counter.inc(nil, key);
-  assert(r3 == 12);
+test "inc() with custom key" {
+  let key = "custom-key";
+
+  // explicit increment (positive int)
+  let r1 = counter2.inc(5, key);
+  expect.equal(r1, -1);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), 4);
+
+  // explicit increment (negative int)
+  let r2 = counter2.inc(-4, key);
+  expect.equal(r2, 4);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), 0);
+
+  // explicit increment (+0)
+  let r3 = counter2.inc(0, key);
+  expect.equal(r3, 0);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), 0);
 }
diff --git a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/initial.test.w b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/initial.test.w
index 8f7bd0d0e35..0743217c625 100644
--- a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/initial.test.w
+++ b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/initial.test.w
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 bring cloud;
+bring expect;
 
 let counterA = new cloud.Counter() as "counterA";
 let counterB = new cloud.Counter(initial: 500) as "counterB";
 let counterC = new cloud.Counter(initial: -198) as "counterC";
 
 test "initial:default" {
-  assert(counterA.peek() == 0);
+  expect.equal(counterA.peek(), 0);
 }
 
 test "initial:positive-value" {
-  assert(counterB.peek() == 500);
+  expect.equal(counterB.peek(), 500);
 }
 
 test "initial:negative-value" {
-  assert(counterC.peek() == -198);
+  expect.equal(counterC.peek(), -198);
 }
diff --git a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/peek.test.w b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/peek.test.w
index f6a97356ff0..630d1f8a077 100644
--- a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/peek.test.w
+++ b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/peek.test.w
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 bring cloud;
+bring expect;
 
 let c = new cloud.Counter();
 
 test "peek" {
-  assert(c.peek() == 0);
-  assert(c.peek() == 0);
+  expect.equal(c.peek(), 0);
+  expect.equal(c.peek(), 0);
   c.inc();
-  assert(c.peek() == 1);
+  expect.equal(c.peek(), 1);
 }
 
 test "key peek" {
   let key = "my-key";
-  assert(c.peek(key) == 0);
-  assert(c.peek(key) == 0);
+  expect.equal(c.peek(key), 0);
+  expect.equal(c.peek(key), 0);
   c.inc(nil, key);
-  assert(c.peek(key) == 1);
+  expect.equal(c.peek(key), 1);
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w
index 851d34b079a..bf48b222263 100644
--- a/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w
+++ b/examples/tests/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w
@@ -1,28 +1,37 @@
 bring cloud;
+bring expect;
 
-let counter = new cloud.Counter(initial: 0);
-
-test "set" {
-  assert(counter.peek() == 0);
-  counter.inc();
-  assert(counter.peek() == 1);
-  counter.inc();
-  assert(counter.peek() == 2);
-  counter.inc(10);
-  assert(counter.peek() == 12);
-  counter.set(88);
-  assert(counter.peek() == 88);
+// implicit initial (0)
+let counter1 = new cloud.Counter() as "counter1";
+// explicit initial
+let counter2 = new cloud.Counter(initial: -1) as "counter2";
+
+test "set()" {
+  // set (positive int)
+  counter1.set(42);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), 42);
+
+  // set (negative int)
+  counter1.set(-100);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), -100);
+
+  // set (0)
+  counter1.set(0);
+  expect.equal(counter1.peek(), 0);
 }
 
-test "key set" {
-  let key = "my-key";
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 0);
-  counter.inc(nil, key);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 1);
-  counter.inc(nil, key);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 2);
-  counter.inc(10, key);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 12);
-  counter.set(88, key);
-  assert(counter.peek(key) == 88);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+test "set() with custom key" {
+  let key = "custom-key";
+
+  // set (positive int)
+  counter2.set(42, key);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), 42);
+
+  // set (negative int)
+  counter2.set(-100, key);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), -100);
+
+  // set (0)
+  counter2.set(0, key);
+  expect.equal(counter2.peek(key), 0);
+}
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/.projen/deps.json b/libs/wingsdk/.projen/deps.json
index 9df67787c93..5d15c001346 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/.projen/deps.json
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/.projen/deps.json
@@ -234,6 +234,11 @@
       "version": "12.14.0",
       "type": "bundled"
     },
+    {
+      "name": "@google-cloud/datastore",
+      "version": "8.4.0",
+      "type": "bundled"
+    },
     {
       "name": "@google-cloud/storage",
       "version": "6.9.5",
@@ -296,6 +301,11 @@
       "version": "^3.3.6",
       "type": "bundled"
     },
+    {
+      "name": "protobufjs",
+      "version": "7.2.5",
+      "type": "bundled"
+    },
     {
       "name": "safe-stable-stringify",
       "type": "bundled"
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/.projen/tasks.json b/libs/wingsdk/.projen/tasks.json
index 3dbf87598c7..327b3fed5d2 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/.projen/tasks.json
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/.projen/tasks.json
@@ -630,25 +630,25 @@
           "exec": "pnpm update npm-check-updates"
         },
         {
-          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep dev --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf'"
+          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep dev --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/datastore,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf,protobufjs'"
         },
         {
-          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep bundle --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf'"
+          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep bundle --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/datastore,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf,protobufjs'"
         },
         {
-          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep peer --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf'"
+          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep peer --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/datastore,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf,protobufjs'"
         },
         {
-          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep prod --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf'"
+          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep prod --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/datastore,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf,protobufjs'"
         },
         {
-          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep optional --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf'"
+          "exec": "npm-check-updates --dep optional --upgrade --target=minor --reject='aws-sdk-client-mock-jest,aws-sdk-client-mock,cdktf-cli,constructs,jsii,@aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs,@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb,@aws-sdk/client-elasticache,@aws-sdk/client-lambda,@aws-sdk/client-s3,@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager,@aws-sdk/client-sns,@aws-sdk/client-sqs,@aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner,@aws-sdk/types,@aws-sdk/util-dynamodb,@azure/identity,@azure/storage-blob,@google-cloud/datastore,@google-cloud/storage,@smithy/util-stream,@smithy/util-utf8,cdktf,protobufjs'"
         },
         {
           "exec": "pnpm i --no-frozen-lockfile"
         },
         {
-          "exec": "pnpm update @cdktf/provider-aws @types/aws-lambda @types/express @types/fs-extra @types/mime-types @types/node @types/uuid @typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin @typescript-eslint/parser @vitest/coverage-v8 @winglang/jsii-docgen aws-sdk-client-mock-jest aws-sdk-client-mock bump-pack cdktf-cli chalk constructs eslint-config-prettier eslint-import-resolver-node eslint-import-resolver-typescript eslint-plugin-import eslint-plugin-prettier eslint-plugin-sort-exports eslint fs-extra jsii-diff jsii-pacmak jsii mock-gcs nanoid npm-check-updates prettier projen standard-version ts-node typescript vitest wing-api-checker @aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs @aws-sdk/client-dynamodb @aws-sdk/client-elasticache @aws-sdk/client-lambda @aws-sdk/client-s3 @aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager @aws-sdk/client-sns @aws-sdk/client-sqs @aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner @aws-sdk/types @aws-sdk/util-dynamodb @azure/core-paging @azure/identity @azure/storage-blob @google-cloud/storage @smithy/util-stream @smithy/util-utf8 @types/aws-lambda cdktf cron-parser esbuild-wasm express google-auth-library ioredis jsonschema mime-types mime nanoid safe-stable-stringify stacktracey ulid undici uuid yaml @types/node constructs constructs"
+          "exec": "pnpm update @cdktf/provider-aws @types/aws-lambda @types/express @types/fs-extra @types/mime-types @types/node @types/uuid @typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin @typescript-eslint/parser @vitest/coverage-v8 @winglang/jsii-docgen aws-sdk-client-mock-jest aws-sdk-client-mock bump-pack cdktf-cli chalk constructs eslint-config-prettier eslint-import-resolver-node eslint-import-resolver-typescript eslint-plugin-import eslint-plugin-prettier eslint-plugin-sort-exports eslint fs-extra jsii-diff jsii-pacmak jsii mock-gcs nanoid npm-check-updates prettier projen standard-version ts-node typescript vitest wing-api-checker @aws-sdk/client-cloudwatch-logs @aws-sdk/client-dynamodb @aws-sdk/client-elasticache @aws-sdk/client-lambda @aws-sdk/client-s3 @aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager @aws-sdk/client-sns @aws-sdk/client-sqs @aws-sdk/s3-request-presigner @aws-sdk/types @aws-sdk/util-dynamodb @azure/core-paging @azure/identity @azure/storage-blob @google-cloud/datastore @google-cloud/storage @smithy/util-stream @smithy/util-utf8 @types/aws-lambda cdktf cron-parser esbuild-wasm express google-auth-library ioredis jsonschema mime-types mime nanoid protobufjs safe-stable-stringify stacktracey ulid undici uuid yaml @types/node constructs constructs"
         },
         {
           "exec": "pnpm exec projen"
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/.projenrc.ts b/libs/wingsdk/.projenrc.ts
index 599fc9e84ed..b40986fcddb 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/.projenrc.ts
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/.projenrc.ts
@@ -88,7 +88,9 @@ const project = new cdk.JsiiProject({
     "@azure/core-paging",
     // gcp client dependencies
     "@google-cloud/storage@6.9.5",
+    "@google-cloud/datastore@8.4.0",
     "google-auth-library",
+    "protobufjs@7.2.5",
     // simulator dependencies
     "express",
     "uuid",
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/package.json b/libs/wingsdk/package.json
index 9f6ad1ac277..292012912fc 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/package.json
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/package.json
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@
     "@azure/core-paging": "^1.5.0",
     "@azure/identity": "3.1.3",
     "@azure/storage-blob": "12.14.0",
+    "@google-cloud/datastore": "8.4.0",
     "@google-cloud/storage": "6.9.5",
     "@smithy/util-stream": "2.0.17",
     "@smithy/util-utf8": "2.0.0",
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@
     "mime": "^3.0.0",
     "mime-types": "^2.1.35",
     "nanoid": "^3.3.6",
+    "protobufjs": "7.2.5",
     "safe-stable-stringify": "^2.4.3",
     "stacktracey": "^2.1.8",
     "ulid": "^2.3.0",
@@ -131,6 +133,7 @@
     "@azure/core-paging",
     "@azure/identity",
     "@azure/storage-blob",
+    "@google-cloud/datastore",
     "@google-cloud/storage",
     "@smithy/util-stream",
     "@smithy/util-utf8",
@@ -145,6 +148,7 @@
     "mime",
     "mime-types",
     "nanoid",
+    "protobufjs",
     "safe-stable-stringify",
     "stacktracey",
     "ulid",
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/src/shared-gcp/counter.inflight.ts b/libs/wingsdk/src/shared-gcp/counter.inflight.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3482d05bad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/src/shared-gcp/counter.inflight.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import { Datastore } from "@google-cloud/datastore";
+import type { ICounterClient } from "../cloud";
+
+const DEFAULT_COUNTER_KEY = "counter";
+const COUNTER_ENTITY_KIND = "Counter";
+
+export class CounterClient implements ICounterClient {
+  private readonly client: Datastore;
+
+  constructor(
+    private readonly databaseName: string,
+    private readonly initial: number = 0
+  ) {
+    this.client = new Datastore({ databaseId: this.databaseName });
+  }
+
+  public async inc(
+    amount: number = 1,
+    key: string = DEFAULT_COUNTER_KEY
+  ): Promise<number> {
+    const currentValue = await this._getCounterValue(key);
+    const newValue = currentValue + amount;
+
+    await this._updateCounter(key, newValue);
+
+    // Return the previous value before the increment
+    return currentValue;
+  }
+
+  public async dec(
+    amount: number = 1,
+    key: string = DEFAULT_COUNTER_KEY
+  ): Promise<number> {
+    const currentValue = await this._getCounterValue(key);
+    const newValue = currentValue - amount;
+
+    await this._updateCounter(key, newValue);
+
+    // Return the previous value before the decrement
+    return currentValue;
+  }
+
+  public async set(
+    value: number,
+    key: string = DEFAULT_COUNTER_KEY
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this._updateCounter(key, value);
+  }
+
+  public async peek(key: string = DEFAULT_COUNTER_KEY): Promise<number> {
+    return this._getCounterValue(key);
+  }
+
+  private async _getCounterValue(key: string): Promise<number> {
+    const counterKey = this.client.key([COUNTER_ENTITY_KIND, key]);
+
+    // Fetch the counter from the datastore
+    const [existingCounter] = await this.client.get(counterKey);
+
+    // If the counter exists, return its current count
+    // Else, initialize it with the `initial` value
+    if (existingCounter) {
+      return existingCounter.count;
+    } else {
+      await this._initCounter(key);
+      return this.initial;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async _initCounter(key: string): Promise<void> {
+    const counterEntity = {
+      key: this.client.key([COUNTER_ENTITY_KIND, key]),
+      data: { count: this.initial },
+    };
+
+    await this.client.insert(counterEntity);
+  }
+
+  private async _updateCounter(key: string, newValue: number): Promise<void> {
+    const counterEntity = {
+      key: this.client.key([COUNTER_ENTITY_KIND, key]),
+      data: { count: newValue },
+    };
+
+    await this.client.save(counterEntity);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/app.ts b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/app.ts
index 91f017e7a59..f51de1aef9b 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/app.ts
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/app.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import { Bucket } from "./bucket";
+import { Counter } from "./counter";
 import { Function } from "./function";
 import { Table } from "./table";
 import { TestRunner } from "./test-runner";
 import { GoogleProvider } from "../.gen/providers/google/provider";
 import { RandomProvider } from "../.gen/providers/random/provider";
-import { BUCKET_FQN, FUNCTION_FQN } from "../cloud";
+import { BUCKET_FQN, COUNTER_FQN, FUNCTION_FQN } from "../cloud";
 import { AppProps as CdktfAppProps } from "../core";
 import { TABLE_FQN } from "../ex";
 import { CdktfApp } from "../shared-tf/app";
@@ -92,6 +93,8 @@ export class App extends CdktfApp {
         return Function;
       case TABLE_FQN:
         return Table;
+      case COUNTER_FQN:
+        return Counter;
     }
 
     return undefined;
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/counter.ts b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/counter.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b776458e204
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/counter.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import { Construct } from "constructs";
+import { App } from "./app";
+import { Function as GCPFunction } from "./function";
+import { calculateCounterPermissions } from "./permissions";
+import { FirestoreDatabase } from "../.gen/providers/google/firestore-database";
+import * as cloud from "../cloud";
+import * as core from "../core";
+import {
+  CaseConventions,
+  NameOptions,
+  ResourceNames,
+} from "../shared/resource-names";
+import { IInflightHost } from "../std";
+
+/**
+ * Valid database IDs include `(default)` and IDs that conform to the following:
+ * - Includes only letters, numbers, and hyphen (-) characters.
+ * - The first character must be a letter.
+ * - The last character must be a letter or number.
+ * - Minimum of 4 characters.
+ * - Maximum of 63 characters.
+ */
+const NAME_OPTS: NameOptions = {
+  maxLen: 63,
+  case: CaseConventions.LOWERCASE,
+  disallowedRegex: /[^a-zA-Z0-9\-]+/g,
+  prefix: "wing-counter-",
+};
+
+/**
+ * GCP implementation of `cloud.Counter`.
+ *
+ * @inflight `@winglang/sdk.cloud.ICounterClient`
+ */
+export class Counter extends cloud.Counter {
+  private readonly database: FirestoreDatabase;
+
+  constructor(scope: Construct, id: string, props: cloud.CounterProps = {}) {
+    super(scope, id, props);
+
+    this.database = new FirestoreDatabase(this, "Default", {
+      name: ResourceNames.generateName(this, NAME_OPTS),
+      locationId: (App.of(this) as App).region,
+      type: "DATASTORE_MODE",
+      concurrencyMode: "OPTIMISTIC",
+      appEngineIntegrationMode: "DISABLED",
+      pointInTimeRecoveryEnablement: "POINT_IN_TIME_RECOVERY_DISABLED",
+      deleteProtectionState: "DELETE_PROTECTION_DISABLED",
+      deletionPolicy: "DELETE",
+    });
+  }
+
+  /** @internal */
+  public _supportedOps(): string[] {
+    return [
+      cloud.CounterInflightMethods.PEEK,
+      cloud.CounterInflightMethods.INC,
+      cloud.CounterInflightMethods.DEC,
+      cloud.CounterInflightMethods.SET,
+    ];
+  }
+
+  public onLift(host: IInflightHost, ops: string[]): void {
+    if (!(host instanceof GCPFunction)) {
+      throw new Error("counters can only be bound by tfgcp.Function for now");
+    }
+
+    const permissions = calculateCounterPermissions(ops);
+    host.addPermissions(permissions);
+
+    host.addEnvironment(this.envName(), this.database.name);
+    super.onLift(host, ops);
+  }
+
+  /** @internal */
+  public _toInflight(): string {
+    return core.InflightClient.for(
+      __dirname.replace("target-tf-gcp", "shared-gcp"),
+      __filename,
+      "CounterClient",
+      [`process.env["${this.envName()}"]`, `${this.initial}`]
+    );
+  }
+
+  private envName(): string {
+    return `FIRESTORE_DATABASE_NAME_${this.node.addr.slice(-8)}`;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/function.ts b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/function.ts
index 89239ada945..cc482b4b29c 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/function.ts
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/function.ts
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ export class Function extends cloud.Function {
     // bundled code is guaranteed to be in a fresh directory
     const bundle = createBundle(this.entrypoint, [
       "@google-cloud/functions-framework",
+      "@google-cloud/datastore",
     ]);
 
     const packageJson = join(bundle.directory, "package.json");
@@ -191,6 +192,7 @@ export class Function extends cloud.Function {
           main: "index.js",
           dependencies: {
             "@google-cloud/functions-framework": "^3.0.0",
+            "@google-cloud/datastore": "8.4.0",
           },
         },
         null,
diff --git a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/permissions.ts b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/permissions.ts
index e0cc943aa3f..80bea387345 100644
--- a/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/permissions.ts
+++ b/libs/wingsdk/src/target-tf-gcp/permissions.ts
@@ -48,3 +48,34 @@ export function calculateBucketPermissions(ops: string[]): string[] {
 
   return permissions;
 }
+
+export function calculateCounterPermissions(ops: string[]): string[] {
+  const permissions: string[] = [];
+
+  if (
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.PEEK) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.INC) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.DEC)
+  ) {
+    permissions.push("datastore.entities.get");
+  }
+
+  if (
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.PEEK) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.INC) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.DEC) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.SET)
+  ) {
+    permissions.push("datastore.entities.create");
+  }
+
+  if (
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.INC) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.DEC) ||
+    ops.includes(cloud.CounterInflightMethods.SET)
+  ) {
+    permissions.push("datastore.entities.update");
+  }
+
+  return permissions;
+}
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index cbcea0d5b69..0c201d57b20 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@
       "wasi-js@1.7.3": "patches/wasi-js@1.7.3.patch",
       "jsii@5.0.11": "patches/jsii@5.0.11.patch",
       "esbuild-wasm@0.18.20": "patches/esbuild-wasm@0.18.20.patch",
-      "mime@3.0.0": "patches/mime@3.0.0.patch"
+      "mime@3.0.0": "patches/mime@3.0.0.patch",
+      "protobufjs@7.2.5": "patches/protobufjs@7.2.5.patch"
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/patches/protobufjs@7.2.5.patch b/patches/protobufjs@7.2.5.patch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..536336998c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/patches/protobufjs@7.2.5.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
+index 37c744ff87811320ade6218fe7e45646b95f2015..69248daedf8196e02596725a4c00c5b7999aa6f4 100644
+--- a/package.json
++++ b/package.json
+@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
+     "lint:types": "tslint \"**/*.d.ts\" -e \"**/node_modules/**\" -t stylish -c config/tslint.json",
+     "pages": "node scripts/pages",
+     "prepublish": "cd cli && npm install && cd .. && npm run build",
+-    "postinstall": "node scripts/postinstall",
+     "prof": "node bench/prof",
+     "test": "npm run test:sources && npm run test:types",
+     "test:sources": "tape -r ./lib/tape-adapter tests/*.js tests/node/*.js",
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index 51d1edce4e4..33d8d459cba 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ patchedDependencies:
   mime@3.0.0:
     hash: 2he2uszztbibyal6zfzmv2a2oa
     path: patches/mime@3.0.0.patch
+  protobufjs@7.2.5:
+    hash: plkkb5oxv62w7nyvt6cqmvgk4q
+    path: patches/protobufjs@7.2.5.patch
   wasi-js@1.7.3:
     hash: rmwvp46j2ligfusbdx5dzh4a3q
     path: patches/wasi-js@1.7.3.patch
@@ -1289,6 +1292,9 @@ importers:
       '@azure/storage-blob':
         specifier: 12.14.0
         version: 12.14.0
+      '@google-cloud/datastore':
+        specifier: 8.4.0
+        version: 8.4.0
       '@google-cloud/storage':
         specifier: 6.9.5
         version: 6.9.5
@@ -1334,6 +1340,9 @@ importers:
       nanoid:
         specifier: ^3.3.6
         version: 3.3.6
+      protobufjs:
+        specifier: 7.2.5
+        version: 7.2.5(patch_hash=plkkb5oxv62w7nyvt6cqmvgk4q)
       safe-stable-stringify:
         specifier: ^2.4.3
         version: 2.4.3
@@ -5631,6 +5640,23 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-OfX7E2oUDYxtBvsuS4e/jSn4Q9Qb6DzgeYtsAdkPZ47znpoNsMgZw0+tVijiv3uGNR6dgNlty6r9rzIzHjtd/A==}
     dev: true
 
+  /@google-cloud/datastore@8.4.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-zSU4R4LkVBTPdZJi8pK0QPe+3ZQL5+1mFXI7Yh5mdDcJhtX2Y5VD9wXsEJ0N48kpiA5V6+cxh4g0NB+mAyQbKg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14.0.0'}
+    dependencies:
+      '@google-cloud/promisify': 4.0.0
+      arrify: 2.0.1
+      concat-stream: 2.0.0
+      extend: 3.0.2
+      google-gax: 4.0.5
+      is: 3.3.0
+      split-array-stream: 2.0.0
+      stream-events: 1.0.5
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /@google-cloud/paginator@3.0.7:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-jJNutk0arIQhmpUUQJPJErsojqo834KcyB6X7a1mxuic8i1tKXxde8E69IZxNZawRIlZdIK2QY4WALvlK5MzYQ==}
     engines: {node: '>=10'}
@@ -5649,6 +5675,11 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>=12'}
     dev: false
 
+  /@google-cloud/promisify@4.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Orxzlfb9c67A15cq2JQEyVc7wEsmFBmHjZWZYQMUyJ1qivXyMwdyNOs9odi79hze+2zqdTtu1E19IM/FtqZ10g==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dev: false
+
   /@google-cloud/storage@6.9.5:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-fcLsDA8YKcGuqvhk0XTjJGVpG9dzs5Em8IcUjSjspYvERuHYqMy9CMChWapSjv3Lyw//exa3mv4nUxPlV93BnA==}
     engines: {node: '>=12'}
@@ -5675,6 +5706,25 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /@grpc/grpc-js@1.9.9:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-vQ1qwi/Kiyprt+uhb1+rHMpyk4CVRMTGNUGGPRGS7pLNfWkdCHrGEnT6T3/JyC2VZgoOX/X1KwdoU0WYQAeYcQ==}
+    engines: {node: ^8.13.0 || >=10.10.0}
+    dependencies:
+      '@grpc/proto-loader': 0.7.10
+      '@types/node': 18.18.4
+    dev: false
+
+  /@grpc/proto-loader@0.7.10:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-CAqDfoaQ8ykFd9zqBDn4k6iWT9loLAlc2ETmDFS9JCD70gDcnA4L3AFEo2iV7KyAtAAHFW9ftq1Fz+Vsgq80RQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=6'}
+    hasBin: true
+    dependencies:
+      lodash.camelcase: 4.3.0
+      long: 5.2.3
+      protobufjs: 7.2.5(patch_hash=plkkb5oxv62w7nyvt6cqmvgk4q)
+      yargs: 17.7.2
+    dev: false
+
   /@gwhitney/detect-indent@7.0.1:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-7bQW+gkKa2kKZPeJf6+c6gFK9ARxQfn+FKy9ScTBppyKRWH2KzsmweXUoklqeEiHiNVWaeP5csIdsNq6w7QhzA==}
     engines: {node: '>=12.20'}
@@ -7613,6 +7663,49 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-P1st0aksCrn9sGZhp8GMYwBnQsbvAWsZAX44oXNNvLHGqAOcoVxmjZiohstwQ7SqKnbR47akdNi+uleWD8+g6A==}
     dev: false
 
+  /@protobufjs/aspromise@1.1.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-j+gKExEuLmKwvz3OgROXtrJ2UG2x8Ch2YZUxahh+s1F2HZ+wAceUNLkvy6zKCPVRkU++ZWQrdxsUeQXmcg4uoQ==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/base64@1.1.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-AZkcAA5vnN/v4PDqKyMR5lx7hZttPDgClv83E//FMNhR2TMcLUhfRUBHCmSl0oi9zMgDDqRUJkSxO3wm85+XLg==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/codegen@2.0.4:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-YyFaikqM5sH0ziFZCN3xDC7zeGaB/d0IUb9CATugHWbd1FRFwWwt4ld4OYMPWu5a3Xe01mGAULCdqhMlPl29Jg==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/eventemitter@1.1.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-j9ednRT81vYJ9OfVuXG6ERSTdEL1xVsNgqpkxMsbIabzSo3goCjDIveeGv5d03om39ML71RdmrGNjG5SReBP/Q==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/fetch@1.1.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-lljVXpqXebpsijW71PZaCYeIcE5on1w5DlQy5WH6GLbFryLUrBD4932W/E2BSpfRJWseIL4v/KPgBFxDOIdKpQ==}
+    dependencies:
+      '@protobufjs/aspromise': 1.1.2
+      '@protobufjs/inquire': 1.1.0
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/float@1.0.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Ddb+kVXlXst9d+R9PfTIxh1EdNkgoRe5tOX6t01f1lYWOvJnSPDBlG241QLzcyPdoNTsblLUdujGSE4RzrTZGQ==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/inquire@1.1.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-kdSefcPdruJiFMVSbn801t4vFK7KB/5gd2fYvrxhuJYg8ILrmn9SKSX2tZdV6V+ksulWqS7aXjBcRXl3wHoD9Q==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/path@1.1.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-6JOcJ5Tm08dOHAbdR3GrvP+yUUfkjG5ePsHYczMFLq3ZmMkAD98cDgcT2iA1lJ9NVwFd4tH/iSSoe44YWkltEA==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/pool@1.1.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-0kELaGSIDBKvcgS4zkjz1PeddatrjYcmMWOlAuAPwAeccUrPHdUqo/J6LiymHHEiJT5NrF1UVwxY14f+fy4WQw==}
+    dev: false
+
+  /@protobufjs/utf8@1.1.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Vvn3zZrhQZkkBE8LSuW3em98c0FwgO4nxzv6OdSxPKJIEKY2bGbHn+mhGIPerzI4twdxaP8/0+06HBpwf345Lw==}
+    dev: false
+
   /@radix-ui/number@1.0.1:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-T5gIdVO2mmPW3NNhjNgEP3cqMXjXL9UbO0BzWcXfvdBs+BohbQxvd/K5hSVKmn9/lbTdsQVKbUcP5WLCwvUbBg==}
     dependencies:
@@ -10477,6 +10570,10 @@ packages:
       '@types/node': 18.18.4
     dev: true
 
+  /@types/caseless@0.12.4:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-2in/lrHRNmDvHPgyormtEralhPcN3An1gLjJzj2Bw145VBxkQ75JEXW6CTdMAwShiHQcYsl2d10IjQSdJSJz4g==}
+    dev: false
+
   /@types/chai-subset@1.3.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-frBecisrNGz+F4T6bcc+NLeolfiojh5FxW2klu669+8BARtyQv2C/GkNW6FUodVe4BroGMP/wER/YDGc7rEllw==}
     dependencies:
@@ -10748,6 +10845,10 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-Vrjz5N5Ia4SEzWWgIVwnHNEnb1UE1XMkvY5DGXrAeOGE9imk0hgTHh5GyDjLDJi9OTCn9oo9dXH1uToK1VRfrg==}
     dev: true
 
+  /@types/long@4.0.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-MqTGEo5bj5t157U6fA/BiDynNkn0YknVdh48CMPkTSpFTVmvao5UQmm7uEF6xBEo7qIMAlY/JSleYaE6VOdpaA==}
+    dev: false
+
   /@types/mdast@4.0.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-LsjtqsyF+d2/yFOYaN22dHZI1Cpwkrj+g06G8+qtUKlhovPW89YhqSnfKtMbkgmEtYpH2gydRNULd6y8mciAFg==}
     dependencies:
@@ -10906,6 +11007,15 @@ packages:
       '@types/scheduler': 0.16.4
       csstype: 3.1.2
 
+  /@types/request@2.48.11:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-HuihY1+Vss5RS9ZHzRyTGIzwPTdrJBkCm/mAeLRYrOQu/MGqyezKXWOK1VhCnR+SDbp9G2mRUP+OVEqCrzpcfA==}
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/caseless': 0.12.4
+      '@types/node': 18.18.4
+      '@types/tough-cookie': 4.0.4
+      form-data: 2.5.1
+    dev: false
+
   /@types/scheduler@0.16.4:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-2L9ifAGl7wmXwP4v3pN4p2FLhD0O1qsJpvKmNin5VA8+UvNVb447UDaAEV6UdrkA+m/Xs58U1RFps44x6TFsVQ==}
 
@@ -10957,6 +11067,10 @@ packages:
       minipass: 4.2.8
     dev: true
 
+  /@types/tough-cookie@4.0.4:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-95Sfz4nvMAb0Nl9DTxN3j64adfwfbBPEYq14VN7zT5J5O2M9V6iZMIIQU1U+pJyl9agHYHNCqhCXgyEtIRRa5A==}
+    dev: false
+
   /@types/triple-beam@1.3.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-6tOUG+nVHn0cJbVp25JFayS5UE6+xlbcNF9Lo9mU7U0zk3zeUShZied4YEQZjy1JBF043FSkdXw8YkUJuVtB5g==}
     requiresBuild: true
@@ -13682,7 +13796,6 @@ packages:
       inherits: 2.0.4
       readable-stream: 3.6.2
       typedarray: 0.0.6
-    dev: true
 
   /concordance@5.0.4:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-OAcsnTEYu1ARJqWVGwf4zh4JDfHZEaSNlNccFmt8YjB2l/n19/PF2viLINHc57vO4FKIAFl2FWASIGZZWZ2Kxw==}
@@ -14548,7 +14661,7 @@ packages:
     dependencies:
       semver: 7.5.4
       shelljs: 0.8.5
-      typescript: 5.4.0-dev.20240118
+      typescript: 5.4.0-dev.20240115
     dev: true
 
   /dset@3.1.2:
@@ -16016,6 +16129,15 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>= 14.17'}
     dev: true
 
+  /form-data@2.5.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-m21N3WOmEEURgk6B9GLOE4RuWOFf28Lhh9qGYeNlGq4VDXUlJy2th2slBNU8Gp8EzloYZOibZJ7t5ecIrFSjVA==}
+    engines: {node: '>= 0.12'}
+    dependencies:
+      asynckit: 0.4.0
+      combined-stream: 1.0.8
+      mime-types: 2.1.35
+    dev: false
+
   /form-data@3.0.1:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-RHkBKtLWUVwd7SqRIvCZMEvAMoGUp0XU+seQiZejj0COz3RI3hWP4sCv3gZWWLjJTd7rGwcsF5eKZGii0r/hbg==}
     engines: {node: '>= 6'}
@@ -16201,6 +16323,19 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /gaxios@6.1.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-bw8smrX+XlAoo9o1JAksBwX+hi/RG15J+NTSxmNPIclKC3ZVK6C2afwY8OSdRvOK0+ZLecUJYtj2MmjOt3Dm0w==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dependencies:
+      extend: 3.0.2
+      https-proxy-agent: 7.0.2
+      is-stream: 2.0.1
+      node-fetch: 2.7.0
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /gcp-metadata@5.3.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-FNTkdNEnBdlqF2oatizolQqNANMrcqJt6AAYt99B3y1aLLC8Hc5IOBb+ZnnzllodEEf6xMBp6wRcBbc16fa65w==}
     engines: {node: '>=12'}
@@ -16212,6 +16347,17 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /gcp-metadata@6.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Ozxyi23/1Ar51wjUT2RDklK+3HxqDr8TLBNK8rBBFQ7T85iIGnXnVusauj06QyqCXRFZig8LZC+TUddWbndlpQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dependencies:
+      gaxios: 6.1.1
+      json-bigint: 1.0.0
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /generic-pool@3.9.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-hymDOu5B53XvN4QT9dBmZxPX4CWhBPPLguTZ9MMFeFa/Kg0xWVfylOVNlJji/E7yTZWFd/q9GO5TxDLq156D7g==}
     engines: {node: '>= 4'}
@@ -16500,6 +16646,41 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /google-auth-library@9.2.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-1oV3p0JhNEhVbj26eF3FAJcv9MXXQt4S0wcvKZaDbl4oHq5V3UJoSbsGZGQNcjoCdhW4kDSwOs11wLlHog3fgQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dependencies:
+      base64-js: 1.5.1
+      ecdsa-sig-formatter: 1.0.11
+      gaxios: 6.1.1
+      gcp-metadata: 6.0.0
+      gtoken: 7.0.1
+      jws: 4.0.0
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
+  /google-gax@4.0.5:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-yLoYtp4zE+8OQA74oBEbNkbzI6c95W01JSL7RqC8XERKpRvj3ytZp1dgnbA6G9aRsc8pZB25xWYBcCmrbYOEhA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dependencies:
+      '@grpc/grpc-js': 1.9.9
+      '@grpc/proto-loader': 0.7.10
+      '@types/long': 4.0.2
+      abort-controller: 3.0.0
+      duplexify: 4.1.2
+      google-auth-library: 9.2.0
+      node-fetch: 2.7.0
+      object-hash: 3.0.0
+      proto3-json-serializer: 2.0.0
+      protobufjs: 7.2.5(patch_hash=plkkb5oxv62w7nyvt6cqmvgk4q)
+      retry-request: 7.0.1
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /google-p12-pem@4.0.1:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-WPkN4yGtz05WZ5EhtlxNDWPhC4JIic6G8ePitwUWy4l+XPVYec+a0j0Ts47PDtW59y3RwAhUd9/h9ZZ63px6RQ==}
     engines: {node: '>=12.0.0'}
@@ -16584,6 +16765,17 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /gtoken@7.0.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-KcFVtoP1CVFtQu0aSk3AyAt2og66PFhZAlkUOuWKwzMLoulHXG5W5wE5xAnHb+yl3/wEFoqGW7/cDGMU8igDZQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14.0.0'}
+    dependencies:
+      gaxios: 6.1.1
+      jws: 4.0.0
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /gunzip-maybe@1.4.2:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-4haO1M4mLO91PW57BMsDFf75UmwoRX0GkdD+Faw+Lr+r/OZrOCS0pIBwOL1xCKQqnQzbNFGgK2V2CpBUPeFNTw==}
     hasBin: true
@@ -17371,6 +17563,10 @@ packages:
     dependencies:
       call-bind: 1.0.2
 
+  /is-stream-ended@0.1.4:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-xj0XPvmr7bQFTvirqnFr50o0hQIh6ZItDqloxt5aJrR4NQsYeSsyFQERYGCAzfindAcnKjINnwEEgLx4IqVzQw==}
+    dev: false
+
   /is-stream@2.0.1:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-hFoiJiTl63nn+kstHGBtewWSKnQLpyb155KHheA1l39uvtO9nWIop1p3udqPcUd/xbF1VLMO4n7OI6p7RbngDg==}
     engines: {node: '>=8'}
@@ -17455,6 +17651,10 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>=12'}
     dev: true
 
+  /is@3.3.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-nW24QBoPcFGGHJGUwnfpI7Yc5CdqWNdsyHQszVE/z2pKHXzh7FZ5GWhJqSyaQ9wMkQnsTx+kAI8bHlCX4tKdbg==}
+    dev: false
+
   /isarray@0.0.1:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-D2S+3GLxWH+uhrNEcoh/fnmYeP8E8/zHl644d/jdA0g2uyXvy3sb0qxotE+ne0LtccHknQzWwZEzhak7oJ0COQ==}
     dev: true
@@ -19209,6 +19409,10 @@ packages:
     dependencies:
       p-locate: 5.0.0
 
+  /lodash.camelcase@4.3.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-TwuEnCnxbc3rAvhf/LbG7tJUDzhqXyFnv3dtzLOPgCG/hODL7WFnsbwktkD7yUV0RrreP/l1PALq/YSg6VvjlA==}
+    dev: false
+
   /lodash.clonedeep@4.5.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-H5ZhCF25riFd9uB5UCkVKo61m3S/xZk1x4wA6yp/L3RFP6Z/eHH1ymQcGLo7J3GMPfm0V/7m1tryHuGVxpqEBQ==}
     dev: false
@@ -19327,6 +19531,10 @@ packages:
     dev: false
     optional: true
 
+  /long@5.2.3:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-lcHwpNoggQTObv5apGNCTdJrO69eHOZMi4BNC+rTLER8iHAqGrUVeLh/irVIM7zTw2bOXA8T6uNPeujwOLg/2Q==}
+    dev: false
+
   /loose-envify@1.4.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-lyuxPGr/Wfhrlem2CL/UcnUc1zcqKAImBDzukY7Y5F/yQiNdko6+fRLevlw1HgMySw7f611UIY408EtxRSoK3Q==}
     hasBin: true
@@ -21465,6 +21673,33 @@ packages:
   /proto-list@1.2.4:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-vtK/94akxsTMhe0/cbfpR+syPuszcuwhqVjJq26CuNDgFGj682oRBXOP5MJpv2r7JtE8MsiepGIqvvOTBwn2vA==}
 
+  /proto3-json-serializer@2.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-FB/YaNrpiPkyQNSNPilpn8qn0KdEfkgmJ9JP93PQyF/U4bAiXY5BiUdDhiDO4S48uSQ6AesklgVlrKiqZPzegw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14.0.0'}
+    dependencies:
+      protobufjs: 7.2.5(patch_hash=plkkb5oxv62w7nyvt6cqmvgk4q)
+    dev: false
+
+  /protobufjs@7.2.5(patch_hash=plkkb5oxv62w7nyvt6cqmvgk4q):
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-gGXRSXvxQ7UiPgfw8gevrfRWcTlSbOFg+p/N+JVJEK5VhueL2miT6qTymqAmjr1Q5WbOCyJbyrk6JfWKwlFn6A==}
+    engines: {node: '>=12.0.0'}
+    requiresBuild: true
+    dependencies:
+      '@protobufjs/aspromise': 1.1.2
+      '@protobufjs/base64': 1.1.2
+      '@protobufjs/codegen': 2.0.4
+      '@protobufjs/eventemitter': 1.1.0
+      '@protobufjs/fetch': 1.1.0
+      '@protobufjs/float': 1.0.2
+      '@protobufjs/inquire': 1.1.0
+      '@protobufjs/path': 1.1.2
+      '@protobufjs/pool': 1.1.0
+      '@protobufjs/utf8': 1.1.0
+      '@types/node': 18.18.4
+      long: 5.2.3
+    dev: false
+    patched: true
+
   /proxy-addr@2.0.7:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-llQsMLSUDUPT44jdrU/O37qlnifitDP+ZwrmmZcoSKyLKvtZxpyV0n2/bD/N4tBAAZ/gJEdZU7KMraoK1+XYAg==}
     engines: {node: '>= 0.10'}
@@ -22316,6 +22551,19 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /retry-request@7.0.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ZI6vJp9rfB71mrZpw+n9p/B6HCsd7QJlSEQftZ+xfJzr3cQ9EPGKw1FF0BnViJ0fYREX6FhymBD2CARpmsFciQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/request': 2.48.11
+      debug: 4.3.4
+      extend: 3.0.2
+      teeny-request: 9.0.0
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /retry@0.12.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-9LkiTwjUh6rT555DtE9rTX+BKByPfrMzEAtnlEtdEwr3Nkffwiihqe2bWADg+OQRjt9gl6ICdmB/ZFDCGAtSow==}
     engines: {node: '>= 4'}
@@ -22897,6 +23145,12 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>=8'}
     dev: true
 
+  /split-array-stream@2.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-hmMswlVY91WvGMxs0k8MRgq8zb2mSen4FmDNc5AFiTWtrBpdZN6nwD6kROVe4vNL+ywrvbCKsWVCnEd4riELIg==}
+    dependencies:
+      is-stream-ended: 0.1.4
+    dev: false
+
   /split2@3.2.2:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-9NThjpgZnifTkJpzTZ7Eue85S49QwpNhZTq6GRJwObb6jnLFNGB7Qm73V5HewTROPyxD0C29xqmaI68bQtV+hg==}
     dependencies:
@@ -23365,6 +23619,20 @@ packages:
       - supports-color
     dev: false
 
+  /teeny-request@9.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-resvxdc6Mgb7YEThw6G6bExlXKkv6+YbuzGg9xuXxSgxJF7Ozs+o8Y9+2R3sArdWdW8nOokoQb1yrpFB0pQK2g==}
+    engines: {node: '>=14'}
+    dependencies:
+      http-proxy-agent: 5.0.0
+      https-proxy-agent: 5.0.1
+      node-fetch: 2.7.0
+      stream-events: 1.0.5
+      uuid: 9.0.1
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - encoding
+      - supports-color
+    dev: false
+
   /telejson@7.2.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-1QTEcJkJEhc8OnStBx/ILRu5J2p0GjvWsBx56bmZRqnrkdBMUe+nX92jxV+p3dB4CP6PZCdJMQJwCggkNBMzkQ==}
     dependencies:
@@ -24208,7 +24476,6 @@ packages:
 
   /typedarray@0.0.6:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-/aCDEGatGvZ2BIk+HmLf4ifCJFwvKFNb9/JeZPMulfgFracn9QFcAf5GO8B/mweUjSoblS5In0cWhqpfs/5PQA==}
-    dev: true
 
   /typescript@3.9.10:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-w6fIxVE/H1PkLKcCPsFqKE7Kv7QUwhU8qQY2MueZXWx5cPZdwFupLgKK3vntcK98BtNHZtAF4LA/yl2a7k8R6Q==}
@@ -24243,8 +24510,8 @@ packages:
     engines: {node: '>=14.17'}
     hasBin: true
 
-  /typescript@5.4.0-dev.20240118:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-TkIGY1JFa2/uWOcKuIuHroLZrOO6JDWSDCzVNDhgcKx8aSquBr7Ih9//PSsLZ0YkxkNOvvLySGxACPhUjweTEg==}
+  /typescript@5.4.0-dev.20240115:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-p3nYa7pku8FHvfLDyiDcplZbKXEQTcZqtvXN6JTBu/u5cNLinBzOiKA3cVfHcgudzCUMtU5ke94dpwFNr+U3qw==}
     engines: {node: '>=14.17'}
     hasBin: true
     dev: true
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/compatibility-spy.ts.snap b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/compatibility-spy.ts.snap
index 7dfbd7cfbb2..205ab5db840 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/compatibility-spy.ts.snap
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/compatibility-spy.ts.snap
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ exports[`set.test.w 1`] = `
     \\"findTests\\"
   ],
   \\"Counter\\": [
-    \\"inc\\",
     \\"peek\\",
     \\"set\\"
   ]
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
index e5eaf258c75..47f0bb8a07b 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
   },
   "resource": {
     "aws_dynamodb_table": {
-      "cloudCounter": {
+      "counter1": {
         "//": {
           "metadata": {
-            "path": "root/Default/Default/cloud.Counter/Default",
-            "uniqueId": "cloudCounter"
+            "path": "root/Default/Default/counter1/Default",
+            "uniqueId": "counter1"
           }
         },
         "attribute": [
@@ -33,7 +33,24 @@
         ],
         "billing_mode": "PAY_PER_REQUEST",
         "hash_key": "id",
-        "name": "wing-counter-cloud.Counter-c866f225"
+        "name": "wing-counter-counter1-c8e8f5f5"
+      },
+      "counter2": {
+        "//": {
+          "metadata": {
+            "path": "root/Default/Default/counter2/Default",
+            "uniqueId": "counter2"
+          }
+        },
+        "attribute": [
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "type": "S"
+          }
+        ],
+        "billing_mode": "PAY_PER_REQUEST",
+        "hash_key": "id",
+        "name": "wing-counter-counter2-c863f110"
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_test_sim.md b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_test_sim.md
index b4c8b0e21ea..49feb0b1a4e 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_test_sim.md
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/dec.test.w_test_sim.md
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 ## stdout.log
 ```log
-pass ─ dec.test.wsim » root/env0/test:dec    
-pass ─ dec.test.wsim » root/env1/test:key dec
+pass ─ dec.test.wsim » root/env0/test:dec()                
+pass ─ dec.test.wsim » root/env1/test:dec() with custom key
  
  
 Tests 2 passed (2)
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
index 485695e7caf..254e11561e7 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
   },
   "resource": {
     "aws_dynamodb_table": {
-      "cloudCounter": {
+      "counter1": {
         "//": {
           "metadata": {
-            "path": "root/Default/Default/cloud.Counter/Default",
-            "uniqueId": "cloudCounter"
+            "path": "root/Default/Default/counter1/Default",
+            "uniqueId": "counter1"
           }
         },
         "attribute": [
@@ -33,7 +33,24 @@
         ],
         "billing_mode": "PAY_PER_REQUEST",
         "hash_key": "id",
-        "name": "wing-counter-cloud.Counter-c866f225"
+        "name": "wing-counter-counter1-c8e8f5f5"
+      },
+      "counter2": {
+        "//": {
+          "metadata": {
+            "path": "root/Default/Default/counter2/Default",
+            "uniqueId": "counter2"
+          }
+        },
+        "attribute": [
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "type": "S"
+          }
+        ],
+        "billing_mode": "PAY_PER_REQUEST",
+        "hash_key": "id",
+        "name": "wing-counter-counter2-c863f110"
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_test_sim.md b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_test_sim.md
index fd0c31a94c8..d3fff54fcd8 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_test_sim.md
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/inc.test.w_test_sim.md
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 ## stdout.log
 ```log
-pass ─ inc.test.wsim » root/env0/test:inc    
-pass ─ inc.test.wsim » root/env1/test:key inc
+pass ─ inc.test.wsim » root/env0/test:inc()                
+pass ─ inc.test.wsim » root/env1/test:inc() with custom key
  
  
 Tests 2 passed (2)
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
index 0e16be63523..30aa7648a60 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_compile_tf-aws.md
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
   },
   "resource": {
     "aws_dynamodb_table": {
-      "cloudCounter": {
+      "counter1": {
         "//": {
           "metadata": {
-            "path": "root/Default/Default/cloud.Counter/Default",
-            "uniqueId": "cloudCounter"
+            "path": "root/Default/Default/counter1/Default",
+            "uniqueId": "counter1"
           }
         },
         "attribute": [
@@ -33,7 +33,24 @@
         ],
         "billing_mode": "PAY_PER_REQUEST",
         "hash_key": "id",
-        "name": "wing-counter-cloud.Counter-c866f225"
+        "name": "wing-counter-counter1-c8e8f5f5"
+      },
+      "counter2": {
+        "//": {
+          "metadata": {
+            "path": "root/Default/Default/counter2/Default",
+            "uniqueId": "counter2"
+          }
+        },
+        "attribute": [
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "type": "S"
+          }
+        ],
+        "billing_mode": "PAY_PER_REQUEST",
+        "hash_key": "id",
+        "name": "wing-counter-counter2-c863f110"
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_test_sim.md b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_test_sim.md
index 38a02047d64..0d436c0e68a 100644
--- a/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_test_sim.md
+++ b/tools/hangar/__snapshots__/test_corpus/sdk_tests/counter/set.test.w_test_sim.md
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 ## stdout.log
 ```log
-pass ─ set.test.wsim » root/env0/test:set    
-pass ─ set.test.wsim » root/env1/test:key set
+pass ─ set.test.wsim » root/env0/test:set()                
+pass ─ set.test.wsim » root/env1/test:set() with custom key
  
  
 Tests 2 passed (2)