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process.c
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process.c
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/* Part of SWI-Prolog
Author: Jan Wielemaker
E-mail: [email protected]
WWW: http://www.swi-prolog.org
Copyright (C): 2008-2013, University of Amsterdam
VU University Amsterdam
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif
/*#define O_DEBUG 1*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE /* get pipe2() */
#include <SWI-Stream.h>
#include <SWI-Prolog.h>
#include "error.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H
#include <sys/wait.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
static atom_t ATOM_stdin;
static atom_t ATOM_stdout;
static atom_t ATOM_stderr;
static atom_t ATOM_std;
static atom_t ATOM_null;
static atom_t ATOM_process;
static atom_t ATOM_detached;
static atom_t ATOM_cwd;
static atom_t ATOM_env;
static atom_t ATOM_priority;
static atom_t ATOM_window;
static atom_t ATOM_timeout;
static atom_t ATOM_release;
static atom_t ATOM_infinite;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_error2;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_process_error2;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_system_error2;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_pipe1;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_exit1;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_killed1;
static functor_t FUNCTOR_eq2; /* =/2 */
#define MAYBE 2
#if O_DEBUG
#define DEBUG(g) g
#else
#define DEBUG(g) (void)0
#endif
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>
#if !defined(__MINGW32__)
typedef DWORD pid_t;
#endif
typedef wchar_t echar; /* environment character */
#ifndef CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB
#define CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB 0x1000000
#endif
#else
typedef char echar;
#endif
install_t
install_process(void);
/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
ISSUES:
- Deal with child errors (no cwd, cannot execute, etc.)
- Complete test suite
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
/*******************************
* ADMIN *
*******************************/
typedef enum std_type
{ std_std,
std_null,
std_pipe
} std_type;
typedef struct p_stream
{ term_t term; /* P in pipe(P) */
std_type type; /* type of stream */
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
HANDLE fd[2]; /* pipe handles */
#else
int fd[2]; /* pipe handles */
#endif
} p_stream;
typedef struct ecbuf
{ echar *buffer;
size_t size;
size_t allocated;
} ecbuf;
typedef struct p_options
{ atom_t exe_name; /* exe as atom */
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
wchar_t *exe; /* Executable */
wchar_t *cmdline; /* Command line */
wchar_t *cwd; /* CWD of new process */
#else
char *exe; /* Executable */
char **argv; /* argument vector */
char *cwd; /* CWD of new process */
char **envp; /* New environment */
#endif
ecbuf envbuf; /* environment buffer */
term_t pid; /* process(PID) */
int pipes; /* #pipes found */
p_stream streams[3];
int detached; /* create as detached */
int window; /* Show a window? */
int priority; /* Process priority */
} p_options;
typedef struct wait_options
{ double timeout;
int has_timeout;
int release;
} wait_options;
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
static int win_command_line(term_t t, int arity,
const wchar_t *exepath, wchar_t **cmdline);
#endif
/*******************************
* STRING BUFFER *
*******************************/
static void
free_ecbuf(ecbuf *b)
{ if ( b->buffer )
{ PL_free(b->buffer);
b->buffer = NULL;
}
}
static int
add_ecbuf(ecbuf *b, echar *data, size_t len)
{ if ( b->size + len > b->allocated )
{ size_t newsize = (b->allocated ? b->allocated * 2 : 2048);
while( b->size + len > newsize )
newsize *= 2;
if ( b->buffer )
{ b->buffer = PL_realloc(b->buffer, newsize*sizeof(echar));
} else
{ b->buffer = PL_malloc(newsize*sizeof(echar));
}
b->allocated = newsize;
}
memcpy(b->buffer+b->size, data, len*sizeof(echar));
b->size += len;
return TRUE;
}
/*******************************
* ENVIRONMENT PARSING *
*******************************/
static int
get_echars_arg_ex(int i, term_t from, term_t arg, echar **sp, size_t *lenp)
{ const echar *s, *e;
if ( !PL_get_arg(i, from, arg) )
return FALSE;
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
if ( !PL_get_wchars(arg, lenp, sp,
CVT_ATOMIC|CVT_EXCEPTION) )
#else
if ( !PL_get_nchars(arg, lenp, sp,
CVT_ATOMIC|CVT_EXCEPTION|REP_FN) )
#endif
return FALSE;
for(s = *sp, e = s+*lenp; s<e; s++)
{ if ( !*s )
return PL_domain_error("text_non_zero_code", arg);
}
return TRUE;
}
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
#define ECHARS(s) L##s
#else
#define ECHARS(s) s
#endif
static int
parse_environment(term_t t, p_options *info)
{ term_t tail = PL_copy_term_ref(t);
term_t head = PL_new_term_ref();
term_t tmp = PL_new_term_ref();
ecbuf *eb = &info->envbuf;
int count = 0;
#ifndef __WINDOWS__
echar *q;
char **ep;
int c = 0;
#endif
assert(eb->size == 0);
assert(eb->allocated == 0);
assert(eb->buffer == NULL);
while( PL_get_list(tail, head, tail) )
{ echar *s;
size_t len;
if ( !PL_is_functor(head, FUNCTOR_eq2) )
return PL_type_error("environment_variable", head);
if ( !get_echars_arg_ex(1, head, tmp, &s, &len) )
return FALSE;
add_ecbuf(eb, s, len);
add_ecbuf(eb, ECHARS("="), 1);
if ( !get_echars_arg_ex(2, head, tmp, &s, &len) )
return FALSE;
add_ecbuf(eb, s, len);
add_ecbuf(eb, ECHARS("\0"), 1);
count++;
}
if ( !PL_get_nil_ex(tail) )
return FALSE;
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
add_ecbuf(eb, ECHARS("\0"), 1);
#else
info->envp = PL_malloc((count+1)*sizeof(char*));
for(ep=info->envp, c=0, q=eb->buffer; c<count; c++, ep++)
{ *ep = q;
q += strlen(q)+1;
}
assert((size_t)(q-eb->buffer) == eb->size);
*ep = NULL;
#endif
return TRUE;
}
static int
get_stream(term_t t, p_options *info, p_stream *stream)
{ atom_t a;
int i;
if ( PL_get_atom(t, &a) )
{ if ( a == ATOM_null )
{ stream->type = std_null;
return TRUE;
} else if ( a == ATOM_std )
{ stream->type = std_std;
return TRUE;
} else
{ return PL_domain_error("process_stream", t);
}
} else if ( PL_is_functor(t, FUNCTOR_pipe1) )
{ stream->term = PL_new_term_ref();
_PL_get_arg(1, t, stream->term);
if ( !PL_is_variable(stream->term) )
{ for (i = 0; i < info->pipes; i++)
{ if (PL_compare(info->streams[i].term, t) == 0)
break;
}
if (i == info->pipes)
return PL_uninstantiation_error(stream->term);
}
stream->type = std_pipe;
info->pipes++;
return TRUE;
} else
return PL_type_error("process_stream", t);
}
static int
parse_options(term_t options, p_options *info)
{ term_t tail = PL_copy_term_ref(options);
term_t head = PL_new_term_ref();
term_t arg = PL_new_term_ref();
info->window = MAYBE;
while(PL_get_list(tail, head, tail))
{ atom_t name;
int arity;
if ( !PL_get_name_arity(head, &name, &arity) || arity != 1 )
return PL_type_error("option", head);
_PL_get_arg(1, head, arg);
if ( name == ATOM_stdin )
{ if ( !get_stream(arg, info, &info->streams[0]) )
return FALSE;
} else if ( name == ATOM_stdout )
{ if ( !get_stream(arg, info, &info->streams[1]) )
return FALSE;
} else if ( name == ATOM_stderr )
{ if ( !get_stream(arg, info, &info->streams[2]) )
return FALSE;
} else if ( name == ATOM_process )
{ info->pid = PL_copy_term_ref(arg);
} else if ( name == ATOM_detached )
{ if ( !PL_get_bool_ex(arg, &info->detached) )
return FALSE;
} else if ( name == ATOM_cwd )
{
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
if ( !PL_get_wchars(arg, NULL, &info->cwd,
CVT_ATOM|CVT_STRING|CVT_EXCEPTION|BUF_MALLOC) )
return FALSE;
#else
if ( !PL_get_chars(arg, &info->cwd,
CVT_ATOM|CVT_STRING|CVT_EXCEPTION|BUF_MALLOC|REP_FN) )
return FALSE;
#endif
} else if ( name == ATOM_window )
{ if ( !PL_get_bool_ex(arg, &info->window) )
return FALSE;
} else if ( name == ATOM_env )
{ if ( !parse_environment(arg, info) )
return FALSE;
} else if ( name == ATOM_priority )
{ int tmp;
if ( !PL_get_integer_ex(arg, &tmp) )
return FALSE;
if ( tmp < -20 || tmp > 19 )
return PL_domain_error("priority_option", arg);
info->priority = tmp;
} else
return PL_domain_error("process_option", head);
}
if ( !PL_get_nil_ex(tail) )
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
}
static int
get_exe(term_t exe, p_options *info)
{ int arity;
term_t arg = PL_new_term_ref();
if ( !PL_get_name_arity(exe, &info->exe_name, &arity) )
return PL_type_error("callable", exe);
PL_put_atom(arg, info->exe_name);
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
if ( !PL_get_wchars(arg, NULL, &info->exe, CVT_ATOM|CVT_EXCEPTION|BUF_MALLOC) )
return FALSE;
if ( !win_command_line(exe, arity, info->exe, &info->cmdline) )
return FALSE;
#else /*__WINDOWS__*/
if ( !PL_get_chars(arg, &info->exe, CVT_ATOM|CVT_EXCEPTION|BUF_MALLOC|REP_FN) )
return FALSE;
if ( !(info->argv = PL_malloc((arity+2)*sizeof(char*))) )
return PL_resource_error("memory");
memset(info->argv, 0, (arity+2)*sizeof(char*));
if ( !(info->argv[0] = PL_malloc(strlen(info->exe)+1)) )
return PL_resource_error("memory");
strcpy(info->argv[0], info->exe);
{ int i;
for(i=1; i<=arity; i++)
{ _PL_get_arg(i, exe, arg);
if ( !PL_get_chars(arg, &info->argv[i],
CVT_ATOMIC|CVT_EXCEPTION|BUF_MALLOC|REP_FN) )
return FALSE;
}
info->argv[i] = NULL;
}
#endif /*__WINDOWS__*/
return TRUE;
}
static void
free_options(p_options *info) /* TBD: close streams */
{ if ( info->exe )
{ PL_free(info->exe);
info->exe = NULL;
}
if ( info->cwd )
{ PL_free(info->cwd);
info->cwd = NULL;
}
#ifndef __WINDOWS__
if ( info->envp )
{ PL_free(info->envp);
info->envp = NULL;
}
#endif
free_ecbuf(&info->envbuf);
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
if ( info->cmdline )
{ PL_free(info->cmdline);
info->cmdline = NULL;
}
#else /*__WINDOWS__*/
if ( info->argv )
{ char **a;
for(a=info->argv; *a; a++)
{ if ( *a )
PL_free(*a);
}
PL_free(info->argv);
info->argv = NULL;
}
#endif /*__WINDOWS__*/
}
/*******************************
* PROCESS READS *
*******************************/
#define PROCESS_MAGIC 0x29498001
typedef struct process_context
{ int magic; /* PROCESS_MAGIC */
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
HANDLE handle; /* process handle */
#else
pid_t pid; /* the process id */
#endif
int open_mask; /* Open streams */
int pipes[3]; /* stdin/stdout/stderr */
atom_t exe_name; /* exe as atom */
} process_context;
static int wait_for_process(process_context *pc);
static int
process_fd(void *handle, process_context **PC)
{ process_context *pc = (process_context*) ((uintptr_t)handle&~(uintptr_t)0x3);
int pipe = (int)(uintptr_t)handle & 0x3;
if ( pc->magic == PROCESS_MAGIC )
{ if ( PC )
*PC = pc;
return pc->pipes[pipe];
}
return -1;
}
static ssize_t
Sread_process(void *handle, char *buf, size_t size)
{ int fd = process_fd(handle, NULL);
return (*Sfilefunctions.read)((void*)(uintptr_t)fd, buf, size);
}
static ssize_t
Swrite_process(void *handle, char *buf, size_t size)
{ int fd = process_fd(handle, NULL);
return (*Sfilefunctions.write)((void*)(uintptr_t)fd, buf, size);
}
static int
Sclose_process(void *handle)
{ process_context *pc;
int fd = process_fd(handle, &pc);
if ( fd >= 0 )
{ int which = (int)(uintptr_t)handle & 0x3;
int rc;
rc = (*Sfilefunctions.close)((void*)(uintptr_t)fd);
pc->open_mask &= ~(1<<which);
DEBUG(Sdprintf("Closing fd[%d]; mask = 0x%x\n", which, pc->open_mask));
if ( !pc->open_mask )
{ int rcw = wait_for_process(pc);
return rcw ? 0 : -1;
}
return rc;
}
return -1;
}
static int
Scontrol_process(void *handle, int action, void *arg)
{ process_context *pc;
int fd = process_fd(handle, &pc);
switch(action)
{ case SIO_GETFILENO:
{ int *fdp = arg;
*fdp = fd;
return 0;
}
default:
return (*Sfilefunctions.control)((void*)(uintptr_t)fd, action, arg);
}
}
static IOFUNCTIONS Sprocessfunctions =
{ Sread_process,
Swrite_process,
NULL, /* seek */
Sclose_process,
Scontrol_process,
NULL /* seek64 */
};
static IOSTREAM *
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
open_process_pipe(process_context *pc, int which, HANDLE fd)
#else
open_process_pipe(process_context *pc, int which, int fd)
#endif
{ void *handle;
int flags;
pc->open_mask |= (1<<which);
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
pc->pipes[which] = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)fd, _O_BINARY);
#else
pc->pipes[which] = fd;
#endif
#define ISO_FLAGS (SIO_RECORDPOS|SIO_FBUF|SIO_TEXT)
if ( which == 0 )
flags = SIO_OUTPUT|ISO_FLAGS;
else
flags = SIO_INPUT|ISO_FLAGS;
handle = (void *)((uintptr_t)pc | (uintptr_t)which);
return Snew(handle, flags, &Sprocessfunctions);
}
/*******************************
* OS STUFF *
*******************************/
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
CRITICAL_SECTION process_lock;
#define LOCK() EnterCriticalSection(&process_lock);
#define UNLOCK() LeaveCriticalSection(&process_lock);
static void
win_init()
{ InitializeCriticalSection(&process_lock);
}
#include "win_error.c"
typedef struct arg_string
{ size_t len;
wchar_t *text;
wchar_t quote;
} arg_string;
#define QMISC 0x1
#define QDBLQ 0x2
#define QSBLQ 0x4
static int
set_quote(arg_string *as)
{ int needq = 0;
const wchar_t *s = as->text;
for(; *s; s++)
{ if ( !iswalnum(*s) )
{ if ( *s == '"' )
needq |= QDBLQ;
else if ( *s == '\'' )
needq |= QSBLQ;
else
needq |= QMISC;
}
}
if ( !needq )
{ as->quote = 0;
return TRUE;
}
needq &= ~QMISC;
switch( needq )
{ case QDBLQ:
as->quote = '\'';
return TRUE;
case 0:
case QSBLQ:
as->quote = '"';
return TRUE;
default:
return FALSE;
}
}
static int
win_command_line(term_t t, int arity, const wchar_t *exe, wchar_t **cline)
{ if ( arity > 0 )
{ arg_string *av = PL_malloc((arity+1)*sizeof(*av));
term_t arg = PL_new_term_ref();
size_t cmdlen;
wchar_t *cmdline, *o;
const wchar_t *b;
int i;
if ( (b=wcsrchr(exe, '\\')) )
b++;
else
b = exe;
av[0].text = (wchar_t*)b;
av[0].len = wcslen(av[0].text);
set_quote(&av[0]);
cmdlen = av[0].len+(av[0].quote?2:0)+1;
for( i=1; i<=arity; i++)
{ _PL_get_arg(i, t, arg);
if ( !PL_get_wchars(arg, &av[i].len, &av[i].text,
CVT_ATOMIC|CVT_EXCEPTION|BUF_MALLOC) )
return FALSE;
if ( wcslen(av[i].text) != av[i].len )
return PL_domain_error("no_zero_code_atom", arg);
if ( !set_quote(&av[i]) )
return PL_domain_error("dos_quotable_atom", arg);
cmdlen += av[i].len+(av[i].quote?2:0)+1;
}
cmdline = PL_malloc(cmdlen*sizeof(wchar_t));
for( o=cmdline,i=0; i<=arity; )
{ wchar_t *s = av[i].text;
if ( av[i].quote )
*o++ = av[i].quote;
wcsncpy(o, s, av[i].len);
o += av[i].len;
if ( i > 0 )
PL_free(s); /* do not free shared exename */
if ( av[i].quote )
*o++ = av[i].quote;
if (++i <= arity)
*o++ = ' ';
}
*o = 0;
PL_free(av);
*cline = cmdline;
} else
{ *cline = NULL;
}
return TRUE;
}
typedef struct win_process
{ DWORD pid;
HANDLE handle;
struct win_process *next;
} win_process;
static win_process *processes;
static void
register_process(DWORD pid, HANDLE h)
{ win_process *wp = PL_malloc(sizeof(*wp));
wp->pid = pid;
wp->handle = h;
LOCK();
wp->next = processes;
processes = wp;
UNLOCK();
}
static int
unregister_process(DWORD pid)
{ win_process **wpp, *wp;
LOCK();
for(wpp=&processes, wp=*wpp; wp; wpp=&wp->next, wp=*wpp)
{ if ( wp->pid == pid )
{ *wpp = wp->next;
PL_free(wp);
UNLOCK();
return TRUE;
}
}
UNLOCK();
return FALSE;
}
static HANDLE
find_process_from_pid(DWORD pid, const char *pred)
{ win_process *wp;
LOCK();
for(wp=processes; wp; wp=wp->next)
{ if ( wp->pid == pid )
{ HANDLE h = wp->handle;
UNLOCK();
return h;
}
}
UNLOCK();
if ( pred )
{ term_t ex = PL_new_term_ref();
if ( PL_put_integer(ex, pid) )
PL_existence_error("process", ex);
}
return (HANDLE)0;
}
#define WP_TIMEOUT 2
static int
wait_process_handle(HANDLE process, ULONG *rc, DWORD timeout)
{ DWORD wc;
retry:
wc = MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(1,
&process,
FALSE, /* return on any event */
timeout,
QS_ALLINPUT);
switch(wc)
{ case WAIT_OBJECT_0:
if ( !GetExitCodeProcess(process, rc) )
{ win_error("GetExitCodeProcess");
CloseHandle(process);
return FALSE;
}
CloseHandle(process);
return TRUE;
case WAIT_OBJECT_0+1:
{ MSG msg;
while( PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) )
{ TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
if ( PL_handle_signals() < 0 )
return FALSE;
}
goto retry;
}
case WAIT_TIMEOUT:
return WP_TIMEOUT;
default:
win_error("WaitForSingleObject");
CloseHandle(process);
return FALSE;
}
}
static int
wait_for_pid(pid_t pid, term_t code, wait_options *opts)
{ HANDLE *h;
if ( (h=find_process_from_pid(pid, "process_wait")) )
{ ULONG rc;
DWORD timeout;
int wc;
if ( opts->has_timeout )
timeout = (DWORD)(opts->timeout * 1000.0);
else
timeout = INFINITE;
if ( !(wc=wait_process_handle(h, &rc, timeout)) )
return FALSE;
if ( wc == WP_TIMEOUT )
return PL_unify_atom(code, ATOM_timeout);
unregister_process(pid);
return PL_unify_term(code,
PL_FUNCTOR, FUNCTOR_exit1,
PL_LONG, rc);
} else
{ return FALSE;
}
}
static int
win_wait_success(atom_t exe, HANDLE process)
{ ULONG rc;
if ( !wait_process_handle(process, &rc, INFINITE) )
return FALSE;
if ( rc != 0 )
{ term_t ex = PL_new_term_ref();
if ( PL_unify_term(ex,
PL_FUNCTOR, FUNCTOR_error2,
PL_FUNCTOR, FUNCTOR_process_error2,
PL_ATOM, exe,
PL_FUNCTOR, FUNCTOR_exit1,
PL_LONG, rc,
PL_VARIABLE) )
return PL_raise_exception(ex);
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static int
wait_for_process(process_context *pc)
{ int rc = win_wait_success(pc->exe_name, pc->handle);
PL_unregister_atom(pc->exe_name);
PL_free(pc);
return rc;
}
static int
create_pipes(p_options *info)
{ int i;
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;
sa.nLength = sizeof(sa); /* Length in bytes */
sa.bInheritHandle = 1; /* the child must inherit these handles */
sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
for(i=0; i<3; i++)
{ p_stream *s = &info->streams[i];
if ( s->term )
{ if ( i == 2 && info->streams[1].term &&
PL_compare(info->streams[1].term, info->streams[2].term) == 0 )
{ s->fd[0] = info->streams[1].fd[0];
s->fd[1] = info->streams[1].fd[1];
} else
{ if ( !CreatePipe(&s->fd[0], &s->fd[1], &sa, 1<<13) )
{ return win_error("CreatePipe");
}
}
}
}
return TRUE;
}
static IOSTREAM *
Sopen_handle(HANDLE h, const char *mode)
{ return Sfdopen(_open_osfhandle((intptr_t)h, _O_BINARY), mode);
}
static HANDLE
open_null_stream(DWORD access)
{ SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;
sa.nLength = sizeof(sa); /* Length in bytes */
sa.bInheritHandle = 1; /* the child must inherit these handles */
sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
return CreateFile("nul",
access,
FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
&sa, /* security */
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
NULL);
}
static int
console_app(void)
{ HANDLE h;
if ( (h = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)) != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
{ DWORD mode;
if ( GetConsoleMode(h, &mode) )
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
static int
do_create_process(p_options *info)
{ int flags = 0;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
STARTUPINFOW si;
switch(info->window)
{ case MAYBE:
if ( !console_app() )
flags |= CREATE_NO_WINDOW;