Improve portability

[maxvonhippel]

This pull request improved portability with additional documentation and a Makefile.

• Adds a `.gitignore' so things don't get accidentally committed down the line.
• Adds a Makefile which can install dependencies and compile.
• Splits the documentation into multiple self-explanatory Markdown files.
• Removes intermediary files created by some IDE which should not have been committed.
• Removes intermediary, local, and cache files created by LLVM which should not have been committed.
• Removes some .ssa and .pdf files which can be easily compiled and so should not have been committed.

[maxvonhippel]

Once this PR is accepted I can cut a similar PR to the other project (SaverECS). Please let me know if you have any questions or would like me to change anything. Thank you!