diff --git a/quickwit/quickwit-opentelemetry/src/otlp/logs.rs b/quickwit/quickwit-opentelemetry/src/otlp/logs.rs
index a78f49fceea..8937c3a54f5 100644
--- a/quickwit/quickwit-opentelemetry/src/otlp/logs.rs
+++ b/quickwit/quickwit-opentelemetry/src/otlp/logs.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ use std::collections::{btree_set, BTreeSet, HashMap};
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use prost::Message;
-use quickwit_common::rate_limited_error;
 use quickwit_common::thread_pool::run_cpu_intensive;
 use quickwit_common::uri::Uri;
 use quickwit_config::{load_index_config_from_user_config, ConfigFormat, IndexConfig};
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ use quickwit_proto::opentelemetry::proto::collector::logs::v1::{
 use quickwit_proto::types::{DocUidGenerator, IndexId};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_json::Value as JsonValue;
+use time::OffsetDateTime;
 use tonic::{Request, Response, Status};
 use tracing::field::Empty;
 use tracing::{error, instrument, warn, Span as RuntimeSpan};
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ use super::{
 use crate::otlp::extract_attributes;
 use crate::otlp::metrics::OTLP_SERVICE_METRICS;
 
-pub const OTEL_LOGS_INDEX_ID: &str = "otel-logs-v0_7";
+pub const OTEL_LOGS_INDEX_ID: &str = "otel-logs-v0_9";
 
 const OTEL_LOGS_INDEX_CONFIG: &str = r#"
 version: 0.8
@@ -147,9 +147,7 @@ pub enum OtlpLogsError {
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct LogRecord {
     pub timestamp_nanos: u64,
-    #[serde(default)]
-    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub observed_timestamp_nanos: Option<u64>,
+    pub observed_timestamp_nanos: u64,
     #[serde(default)]
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "String::is_empty")]
     pub service_name: String,
@@ -302,7 +300,8 @@ impl OtlpGrpcLogsService {
         request: ExportLogsServiceRequest,
         parent_span: RuntimeSpan,
     ) -> Result<ParsedLogRecords, Status> {
-        let (log_records, mut num_parse_errors) = parse_otlp_logs(request)?;
+        let log_records = parse_otlp_logs(request)?;
+        let mut num_parse_errors = 0;
         let num_log_records = log_records.len() as u64;
         let mut error_message = String::new();
 
@@ -400,10 +399,8 @@ impl LogsService for OtlpGrpcLogsService {
 
 fn parse_otlp_logs(
     request: ExportLogsServiceRequest,
-) -> Result<(BTreeSet<OrdLogRecord>, u64), OtlpLogsError> {
+) -> Result<BTreeSet<OrdLogRecord>, OtlpLogsError> {
     let mut log_records = BTreeSet::new();
-    let mut num_parse_errors = 0;
-
     for resource_log in request.resource_logs {
         let mut resource_attributes = extract_attributes(
             resource_log
@@ -446,16 +443,27 @@ fn parse_otlp_logs(
                 .unwrap_or(0);
 
             for log_record in scope_log.log_records {
-                if log_record.time_unix_nano == 0 {
-                    rate_limited_error!(limit_per_min = 10, "skipping record");
-                    num_parse_errors += 1;
-                    continue;
-                }
-                let observed_timestamp_nanos = if log_record.observed_time_unix_nano != 0 {
-                    Some(log_record.observed_time_unix_nano)
+                let observed_timestamp_nanos = if log_record.observed_time_unix_nano == 0 {
+                    // As per OTEL model spec, this field SHOULD be set once the
+                    // event is observed by OpenTelemetry. If it's not set, we
+                    // consider ourselves as the first OTEL observers.
+                    OffsetDateTime::now_utc().unix_timestamp_nanos() as u64
                 } else {
-                    None
+                    log_record.observed_time_unix_nano
                 };
+
+                let timestamp_nanos = if log_record.time_unix_nano == 0 {
+                    observed_timestamp_nanos
+                } else {
+                    // When only one timestamp is supported by a recipients, the
+                    // OTEL spec recommends using the `Timestamp` field if
+                    // present, otherwise `ObservedTimestamp`. Even though our
+                    // model supports multiple timestamps, we have only one
+                    // field that that can be our `timestamp_field` and it
+                    // should be the one that is commonly used for queries.
+                    log_record.time_unix_nano
+                };
+
                 let trace_id = if log_record.trace_id.iter().any(|&byte| byte != 0) {
                     let trace_id = TraceId::try_from(log_record.trace_id)?;
                     Some(trace_id)
@@ -481,7 +489,7 @@ fn parse_otlp_logs(
                 let dropped_attributes_count = log_record.dropped_attributes_count;
 
                 let log_record = LogRecord {
-                    timestamp_nanos: log_record.time_unix_nano,
+                    timestamp_nanos,
                     observed_timestamp_nanos,
                     service_name: service_name.clone(),
                     severity_text,
@@ -503,7 +511,7 @@ fn parse_otlp_logs(
             }
         }
     }
-    Ok((log_records, num_parse_errors))
+    Ok(log_records)
 }
 
 /// An iterator of JSON OTLP log records for use in the doc processor.
@@ -551,13 +559,13 @@ impl Iterator for JsonLogIterator {
 
 pub fn parse_otlp_logs_json(payload_json: &[u8]) -> Result<JsonLogIterator, OtlpLogsError> {
     let request: ExportLogsServiceRequest = serde_json::from_slice(payload_json)?;
-    let (log_records, _num_parse_errors) = parse_otlp_logs(request)?;
+    let log_records = parse_otlp_logs(request)?;
     Ok(JsonLogIterator::new(log_records, payload_json.len()))
 }
 
 pub fn parse_otlp_logs_protobuf(payload_proto: &[u8]) -> Result<JsonLogIterator, OtlpLogsError> {
     let request = ExportLogsServiceRequest::decode(payload_proto)?;
-    let (log_records, _num_parse_errors) = parse_otlp_logs(request)?;
+    let log_records = parse_otlp_logs(request)?;
     Ok(JsonLogIterator::new(log_records, payload_proto.len()))
 }
 
diff --git a/quickwit/rest-api-tests/scenarii/es_compatibility/0021-cat-indices.yaml b/quickwit/rest-api-tests/scenarii/es_compatibility/0021-cat-indices.yaml
index c5c0e9ae809..f13ef92293c 100644
--- a/quickwit/rest-api-tests/scenarii/es_compatibility/0021-cat-indices.yaml
+++ b/quickwit/rest-api-tests/scenarii/es_compatibility/0021-cat-indices.yaml
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ expected:
       $expect: 270 < float(val[:-2]) < 280
   rep: '1'
   #uuid: gharchive:01HN2SDANHDN6WFAFNH7BBMQ8C
-- index: otel-logs-v0_7
+- index: otel-logs-v0_9
   docs.count: '0'
 - index: otel-traces-v0_7
   docs.count: '0'