[GR-28239] Implement Temporal Proposal

[fniephaus]

TL;DR

We plan to implement the Temporal proposal in GraalJS. Provides standard objects and functions for working with dates and times.

Details

Date has been a long-standing pain point in ECMAScript. This is a proposal for Temporal, a global object that acts as a top-level namespace (like Math), that brings a modern date/time API to the ECMAScript language. Temporal provides separate ECMAScript classes for date-only, time-only, and other scoped use cases. This makes code more readable and prevents bugs caused by incorrectly assuming 0, UTC, or the local time zone for values that are unknown.