diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/exception/WorkflowStepException.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/exception/WorkflowStepException.java
index 1a47cea7a..8434dc848 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/exception/WorkflowStepException.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/exception/WorkflowStepException.java
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public XContentBuilder toXContent(XContentBuilder builder, Params params) throws
      * @param ex exception
      * @return exception if safe
      */
-    public static Exception getException(Exception ex) {
+    public static Exception getSafeException(Exception ex) {
         if (ex instanceof IllegalArgumentException
             || ex instanceof OpenSearchStatusException
             || ex instanceof OpenSearchParseException
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractCreatePipelineStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractCreatePipelineStep.java
index f98ce0f9f..e23d88b63 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractCreatePipelineStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractCreatePipelineStep.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.PIPELINE_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to create either a search or ingest pipeline
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public void onResponse(AcknowledgedResponse acknowledgedResponse) {
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed step " + pipelineToBeCreated : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     createPipelineFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractRegisterLocalModelStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractRegisterLocalModelStep.java
index bad376c76..fe4e54b6a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractRegisterLocalModelStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/AbstractRegisterLocalModelStep.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.VERSION_FIELD;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_GROUP_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Abstract local model registration step
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ public PlainActionFuture<WorkflowData> execute(
                     }, exception -> { registerLocalModelFuture.onFailure(exception); })
                 );
             }, exception -> {
-                Exception e = getException(exception);
+                Exception e = getSafeException(exception);
                 String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to register local model in step " + currentNodeId : e.getMessage());
                 logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                 registerLocalModelFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateConnectorStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateConnectorStep.java
index e1481852b..484807ce3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateConnectorStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateConnectorStep.java
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.PROTOCOL_FIELD;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.VERSION_FIELD;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.util.ParseUtils.getStringToStringMap;
 
 /**
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ public void onResponse(MLCreateConnectorResponse mlCreateConnectorResponse) {
 
             @Override
             public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                Exception e = getException(ex);
+                Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                 String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to create connector" : ex.getMessage());
                 logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                 createConnectorFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStep.java
index f28fa64d4..32ca9e9f6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStep.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.CONFIGURATIONS;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.INDEX_NAME;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to create an index
@@ -136,10 +137,11 @@ public PlainActionFuture<WorkflowData> execute(
                     logger.error(errorMessage, ex);
                     createIndexFuture.onFailure(new FlowFrameworkException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(ex)));
                 }
-            }, e -> {
-                String errorMessage = "Failed to create the index " + indexName;
+            }, ex -> {
+                Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
+                String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to create the index " + indexName : e.getMessage());
                 logger.error(errorMessage, e);
-                createIndexFuture.onFailure(new FlowFrameworkException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
+                createIndexFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
             }));
         } catch (Exception e) {
             createIndexFuture.onFailure(e);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteAgentStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteAgentStep.java
index 81d943947..b49be90b3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteAgentStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteAgentStep.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.AGENT_ID;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to delete a agent for a remote model
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public void onResponse(DeleteResponse deleteResponse) {
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to delete agent " + agentId : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     deleteAgentFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteConnectorStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteConnectorStep.java
index a9ffcb549..6a1a5e0c7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteConnectorStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteConnectorStep.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.CONNECTOR_ID;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to delete a connector for a remote model
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public void onResponse(DeleteResponse deleteResponse) {
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to delete connector " + connectorId : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     deleteConnectorFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteModelStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteModelStep.java
index 4ccb1a48a..66a3e4ec0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteModelStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeleteModelStep.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_ID;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to delete a model for a remote model
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public void onResponse(DeleteResponse deleteResponse) {
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to delete model " + modelId : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     deleteModelFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeployModelStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeployModelStep.java
index 8a48c5d15..56c2a6181 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeployModelStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/DeployModelStep.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to deploy a model
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public void onResponse(MLDeployModelResponse mlDeployModelResponse) {
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to deploy model " + modelId : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     deployModelFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterAgentStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterAgentStep.java
index db66b0419..d485f6f5c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterAgentStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterAgentStep.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.TYPE;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.util.ParseUtils.getStringToStringMap;
 
 /**
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public void onResponse(MLRegisterAgentResponse mlRegisterAgentResponse) {
 
             @Override
             public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                Exception e = getException(ex);
+                Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                 String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to register the agent" : e.getMessage());
                 logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                 registerAgentModelFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterModelGroupStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterModelGroupStep.java
index 5062d7696..1a2fcebe9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterModelGroupStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterModelGroupStep.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.MODEL_GROUP_STATUS;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.NAME_FIELD;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to register a model group
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public void onResponse(MLRegisterModelGroupResponse mlRegisterModelGroupResponse
 
             @Override
             public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                Exception e = getException(ex);
+                Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                 String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to register model group" : e.getMessage());
                 logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                 registerModelGroupFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStep.java
index ee203524a..cce5d6ee8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStep.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.CONNECTOR_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_GROUP_ID;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.getResourceByWorkflowStep;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to register a remote model
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ void completeRegisterFuture(UpdateResponse response, String resourceName, MLRegi
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to register remote model" : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     registerRemoteModelFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/UndeployModelStep.java b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/UndeployModelStep.java
index a677b9f5c..ab7bc1f16 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/UndeployModelStep.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/UndeployModelStep.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.CommonValue.SUCCESS;
 import static org.opensearch.flowframework.common.WorkflowResources.MODEL_ID;
-import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getException;
+import static org.opensearch.flowframework.exception.WorkflowStepException.getSafeException;
 
 /**
  * Step to undeploy model
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public void onResponse(MLUndeployModelsResponse mlUndeployModelsResponse) {
 
                 @Override
                 public void onFailure(Exception ex) {
-                    Exception e = getException(ex);
+                    Exception e = getSafeException(ex);
                     String errorMessage = (e == null ? "Failed to undeploy model " + modelId : e.getMessage());
                     logger.error(errorMessage, e);
                     undeployModelFuture.onFailure(new WorkflowStepException(errorMessage, ExceptionsHelper.status(e)));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStepTests.java b/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStepTests.java
index 3b6af8ffa..538747b94 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStepTests.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/CreateIndexStepTests.java
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  */
 package org.opensearch.flowframework.workflow;
 
+import org.opensearch.ResourceNotFoundException;
 import org.opensearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexRequest;
 import org.opensearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexResponse;
 import org.opensearch.action.support.PlainActionFuture;
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.flowframework.indices.FlowFrameworkIndicesHandler;
 import org.opensearch.test.OpenSearchTestCase;
 import org.opensearch.threadpool.ThreadPool;
+import org.opensearch.transport.RemoteTransportException;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -139,4 +141,25 @@ public void testCreateIndexStepFailure() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedE
         assertTrue(ex.getCause() instanceof Exception);
         assertEquals("Failed to create the index demo", ex.getCause().getMessage());
     }
+
+    public void testCreateIndexStepUnsafeFailure() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException, IOException {
+        @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked" })
+        ArgumentCaptor<ActionListener<CreateIndexResponse>> actionListenerCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ActionListener.class);
+        PlainActionFuture<WorkflowData> future = createIndexStep.execute(
+            inputData.getNodeId(),
+            inputData,
+            Collections.emptyMap(),
+            Collections.emptyMap(),
+            Collections.emptyMap()
+        );
+        assertFalse(future.isDone());
+        verify(indicesAdminClient, times(1)).create(any(CreateIndexRequest.class), actionListenerCaptor.capture());
+
+        actionListenerCaptor.getValue().onFailure(new RemoteTransportException("test", new ResourceNotFoundException("test")));
+
+        assertTrue(future.isDone());
+        ExecutionException ex = assertThrows(ExecutionException.class, () -> future.get().getContent());
+        assertTrue(ex.getCause() instanceof Exception);
+        assertEquals("Failed to create the index demo", ex.getCause().getMessage());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStepTests.java b/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStepTests.java
index 2aa1f11c8..1312d1638 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStepTests.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/opensearch/flowframework/workflow/RegisterRemoteModelStepTests.java
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 import com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.annotations.ThreadLeakScope;
 
+import org.opensearch.ResourceNotFoundException;
 import org.opensearch.action.support.PlainActionFuture;
 import org.opensearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
 import org.opensearch.core.action.ActionListener;
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.ml.common.transport.register.MLRegisterModelInput;
 import org.opensearch.ml.common.transport.register.MLRegisterModelResponse;
 import org.opensearch.test.OpenSearchTestCase;
+import org.opensearch.transport.RemoteTransportException;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -203,6 +205,27 @@ public void testRegisterRemoteModelFailure() {
 
     }
 
+    public void testRegisterRemoteModelUnSafeFailure() {
+        doAnswer(invocation -> {
+            ActionListener<MLRegisterModelResponse> actionListener = invocation.getArgument(1);
+            actionListener.onFailure(new RemoteTransportException("test", new ResourceNotFoundException("test")));
+            return null;
+        }).when(mlNodeClient).register(any(MLRegisterModelInput.class), any());
+
+        PlainActionFuture<WorkflowData> future = this.registerRemoteModelStep.execute(
+            workflowData.getNodeId(),
+            workflowData,
+            Collections.emptyMap(),
+            Collections.emptyMap(),
+            Collections.emptyMap()
+        );
+        assertTrue(future.isDone());
+        ExecutionException ex = expectThrows(ExecutionException.class, () -> future.get().getClass());
+        assertTrue(ex.getCause() instanceof FlowFrameworkException);
+        assertEquals("Failed to register remote model", ex.getCause().getMessage());
+
+    }
+
     public void testMissingInputs() {
         PlainActionFuture<WorkflowData> future = this.registerRemoteModelStep.execute(
             "nodeId",