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Elasticsearch For Beginners: Generate and Upload Randomized Test Data

Because everybody loves test data.

Ok, so what is this thing doing?

es_test_data.py lets you generate and upload randomized test data to your ES cluster so you can start running queries, see what performance is like, and verify your cluster is able to handle the load.

It allows for easy configuring of what the test documents look like, what kind of data types they include and what the field names are called.

Cool, how do I use this?

Run Python script

Let's assume you have an Elasticsearch cluster running.

Python and Tornado are used. Run pip install tornado to install Tornado if you don't have it already.

It's as simple as this:

$ python es_test_data.py --es_url=http://localhost:9200
[I 150604 15:43:19 es_test_data:42] Trying to create index http://localhost:9200/test_data
[I 150604 15:43:19 es_test_data:47] Guess the index exists already
[I 150604 15:43:19 es_test_data:184] Generating 10000 docs, upload batch size is 1000
[I 150604 15:43:19 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    25ms, total docs uploaded:    1000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    25ms, total docs uploaded:    2000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    19ms, total docs uploaded:    3000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    18ms, total docs uploaded:    4000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    27ms, total docs uploaded:    5000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    19ms, total docs uploaded:    6000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    15ms, total docs uploaded:    7000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    24ms, total docs uploaded:    8000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    32ms, total docs uploaded:    9000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:62] Upload: OK - upload took:    31ms, total docs uploaded:   10000
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:216] Done - total docs uploaded: 10000, took 1 seconds
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:217] Bulk upload average:           23 ms
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:218] Bulk upload median:            24 ms
[I 150604 15:43:20 es_test_data:219] Bulk upload 95th percentile:   31 ms

Without any command line options, it will generate and upload 1000 documents of the format

{
    "name":<<str>>,
    "age":<<int>>,
    "last_updated":<<ts>>
}

to an Elasticsearch cluster at http://localhost:9200 to an index called test_data.

Docker and Docker Compose

Requires Docker for running the app and Docker Compose for running a single ElasticSearch domain with two nodes (es1 and es2).

  1. Set the maximum virtual memory of your machine to 262144 otherwise the ElasticSearch instances will crash, see the docs 
    $ sudo sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144
  2. Clone this repository 
    $ git clone https://github.com/oliver006/elasticsearch-test-data.git
$ cd elasticsearch-test-data
  3. Run the ElasticSearch stack 
    $ docker-compose up --detached
  4. Run the app and inject random data to the ES stack 
    $ docker run --rm -it --network host oliver006/es-test-data  \
    --es_url=http://localhost:9200  \
    --batch_size=10000  \
    --username=elastic \
    --password="esbackup-password"
  5. Cleanup 
    $ docker-compose down --volumes

Not bad but what can I configure?

python es_test_data.py --help gives you the full set of command line ptions, here are the most important ones:

  • --es_url=http://localhost:9200 the base URL of your ES node, don't include the index name
  • --username=<username> the username when basic auth is required
  • --password=<password> the password when basic auth is required
  • --count=### number of documents to generate and upload
  • --index_name=test_data the name of the index to upload the data to. If it doesn't exist it'll be created with these options
    • --num_of_shards=2 the number of shards for the index
    • --num_of_replicas=0 the number of replicas for the index
  • --batch_size=### we use bulk upload to send the docs to ES, this option controls how many we send at a time
  • --force_init_index=False if True it will delete and re-create the index
  • --dict_file=filename.dic if provided the dict data type will use words from the dictionary file, format is one word per line. The entire file is loaded at start-up so be careful with (very) large files.
  • --data_file=filename.json|filename.csv if provided all data in the filename will be inserted into es. The file content has to be an array of json objects (the documents). If the file ends in .csv then the data is automatically converted into json and inserted as documents.

What about the document format?

Glad you're asking, let's get to the doc format.

The doc format is configured via --format=<<FORMAT>> with the default being name:str,age:int,last_updated:ts.

The general syntax looks like this:

<<field_name>>:<<field_type>>,<<field_name>>::<<field_type>>, ...

For every document, es_test_data.py will generate random values for each of the fields configured.

Currently supported field types are:

  • bool returns a random true or false
  • ts a timestamp (in milliseconds), randomly picked between now +/- 30 days
  • ipv4 returns a random ipv4
  • tstxt a timestamp in the "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000-0000" format, randomly picked between now +/- 30 days
  • int:min:max a random integer between min and max. If min and max are not provided they default to 0 and 100000
  • str:min:max a word ( as in, a string), made up of min to max random upper/lowercase and digit characters. If min and max are optional, defaulting to 3 and 10
  • words:min:max a random number of strs, separated by space, min and max are optional, defaulting to '2' and 10
  • dict:min:max a random number of entries from the dictionary file, separated by space, min and max are optional, defaulting to '2' and 10
  • text:words:min:max a random number of words seperated by space from a given list of - seperated words, the words are optional defaulting to text1 text2 and text3, min and max are optional, defaulting to 1 and 1
  • arr:[array_length_expression]:[single_element_format] an array of entries with format specified by single_element_format. array_length_expression can be either a single number, or pair of numbers separated by - (i.e. 3-7), defining range of lengths from with random length will be picked for each array (Example int_array:arr:1-5:int:1:250)

Todo

  • document the remaining cmd line options
  • more different format types
  • ...

All suggestions, comments, ideas, pull requests are welcome!