From 98d0652ade5a552506307ed42c5d4a06f0083b77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nico Matentzoglu Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2021 20:15:37 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 1/5] Fixing some escaped quotes in definitions --- src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo | 18 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo index f267e61d45..a90be04823 100644 --- a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo +++ b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo @@ -57280,7 +57280,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002661 name: superior frontal gyrus -def: "Component of the frontal lobe, lateral aspect. The rostral boundary is the first appearance of the superior frontal sulcus whereas the caudal boundary is the midpoint of the paracentral sulcus on the \"inflated\" surface. The medial and lateral boundaries are the medial aspect of the frontal lobe and the superior frontal sulcus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [BIRNLEX:1303] +def: "Component of the frontal lobe, lateral aspect. The rostral boundary is the first appearance of the superior frontal sulcus whereas the caudal boundary is the midpoint of the paracentral sulcus on the 'inflated' surface. The medial and lateral boundaries are the medial aspect of the frontal lobe and the superior frontal sulcus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [BIRNLEX:1303] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus F1" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:83] @@ -91381,7 +91381,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004685 name: obsolete middle temporal area -def: "The term \"middle temporal visual area\" was first used by Allman and Kaas (1971) for a region of the owl monkey brain located on the \"caudal third of the middle temporal gyrus.\" Functionally, it contains \"a complete representation of the contralateral half of the visual field... This representation of the visual field (MT) corresponds to a histologically distinct area adjacent and rostral to area 19... The horizontal meridian divides MT into a lateral portion representing the upper visual quadrant and a medial portion representing the lower quadrant. The center of gaze is represented in the caudal portion of MT bordering area 19.\"" [NLXANAT:20090308] +def: "The term 'middle temporal visual area' was first used by Allman and Kaas (1971) for a region of the owl monkey brain located on the 'caudal third of the middle temporal gyrus.' Functionally, it contains 'a complete representation of the contralateral half of the visual field... This representation of the visual field (MT) corresponds to a histologically distinct area adjacent and rostral to area 19... The horizontal meridian divides MT into a lateral portion representing the upper visual quadrant and a medial portion representing the lower quadrant. The center of gaze is represented in the caudal portion of MT bordering area 19.'" [NLXANAT:20090308] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [NLXANAT:20090308] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68618] is_obsolete: true @@ -167385,7 +167385,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0015599 name: genu of corpus callosum -def: "Part of corpus callosum comprising the \"kneelike\" anterior bend (adapted from Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009 pg 664)" [NLX:144462] +def: "Part of corpus callosum comprising the 'kneelike' anterior bend (adapted from Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009 pg 664)" [NLX:144462] synonym: "corpus callosum genu" EXACT [FMA:61946] synonym: "corpus callosum, genu" RELATED [NeuroNames:194] synonym: "corpus callosum, genu" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:194] @@ -176045,7 +176045,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0019293 {source="HBA"} ! white matter of pontine te [Term] id: UBERON:0022272 name: corticobulbar tract -def: "The corticobulbar (or corticonuclear) tract is a white matter pathway connecting the cerebral cortex to the brainstem. The term \"bulbar\" refers to the brainstem, as \"bulb\" was a historical term meaning the area currently called the brainstem. The 'bulb' is an archaic term for the medulla oblongata. In clinical usage, it includes the pons as well." [Wikipedia:Corticobulbar_tract] +def: "The corticobulbar (or corticonuclear) tract is a white matter pathway connecting the cerebral cortex to the brainstem. The term 'bulbar' refers to the brainstem, as 'bulb' was a historical term meaning the area currently called the brainstem. The 'bulb' is an archaic term for the medulla oblongata. In clinical usage, it includes the pons as well." [Wikipedia:Corticobulbar_tract] synonym: "bulbar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corticobulbar_tract] synonym: "cbu-h" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DHBA:cbu-h] synonym: "cortico-bulbar tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corticobulbar_tract] @@ -181705,7 +181705,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003692 {source="FMA"} ! acromioclavicular joint [Term] id: UBERON:0034743 name: inferior longitudinal fasciculus -def: "The inferior longitudinal fasciculus connects the temporal lobe and occipital lobe, running along the lateral walls of the inferior and posterior cornua of the lateral ventricle. The existence of this fasciculus independent from the occipitotemporal fasciculus has been questioned for the human being, such that it has been proposed that the term inferior longitudinal fasciculus be replaced by the term \"occipitotemporal projection\"." [Wikipedia:Inferior_longitudinal_fasciculus] +def: "The inferior longitudinal fasciculus connects the temporal lobe and occipital lobe, running along the lateral walls of the inferior and posterior cornua of the lateral ventricle. The existence of this fasciculus independent from the occipitotemporal fasciculus has been questioned for the human being, such that it has been proposed that the term inferior longitudinal fasciculus be replaced by the term 'occipitotemporal projection'." [Wikipedia:Inferior_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "external sagittal stratum" RELATED [NeuroNames:1443] synonym: "fasciculus fronto-occipitalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:1443] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:1443] @@ -219423,7 +219423,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004753 ! scapulocoracoid [Term] id: UBERON:4200224 name: columnar area -def: "Modified from Garvey et al. 2005. \" Between the dorsal ridge and the caput humeri is a futher recessed area......that clearly separates the two structures and is slightly separted from the dorsal surface of the entepicondyle, and more specifically from the unfinished bone of the entepicondyle, by a narrow ridge.\"" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Modified from Garvey et al. 2005. ' Between the dorsal ridge and the caput humeri is a futher recessed area......that clearly separates the two structures and is slightly separted from the dorsal surface of the entepicondyle, and more specifically from the unfinished bone of the entepicondyle, by a narrow ridge.'" [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! bone foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -223779,7 +223779,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007023 ! adult organism [Term] id: UBERON:6005413 name: insect anlage in statu nascendi -def: "\"anlagen in statu nascendi\" are domains that do not yet coincide 1:1 with a later organ. Anlagen in statu nascendi are typically defined for the early blastoderm by the expression domains of genes which, in the late blastoderm or later, are expressed in specific anlagen, but initially come on in larger domains." [FlyBase:FBrf0178740] +def: "'anlagen in statu nascendi' are domains that do not yet coincide 1:1 with a later organ. Anlagen in statu nascendi are typically defined for the early blastoderm by the expression domains of genes which, in the late blastoderm or later, are expressed in specific anlagen, but initially come on in larger domains." [FlyBase:FBrf0178740] synonym: "A0" RELATED [] xref: FBbt:00005413 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure @@ -224867,7 +224867,7 @@ creation_date: 2020-09-08T15:15:57Z [Term] id: UBERON:8400005 name: metabolic zone of liver -def: "Any of the metabolic zones found in the liver. Liver tissue is heterogenous at the level of morphometry and histochemistry. This heterogeneity is linked to the position of a cell within the functional unit of the tissue, which, in turn, is related to the blood supply: cells located in the upstream zone differ from those in the downstream zone with respect to subcellular structures, key enzymes, translocators, and receptors and, therefore, have different metabolic capacities. This is the basis for \"metabolic zonation\", a concept first proposed in mammals for carbohydrate metabolism and later expanded to include amino acid and ammonia metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism, protective metabolism, and formation of plasma proteins." [DOI:10.1016/S0968-0004(78)91764-4, PMID:8839925] +def: "Any of the metabolic zones found in the liver. Liver tissue is heterogenous at the level of morphometry and histochemistry. This heterogeneity is linked to the position of a cell within the functional unit of the tissue, which, in turn, is related to the blood supply: cells located in the upstream zone differ from those in the downstream zone with respect to subcellular structures, key enzymes, translocators, and receptors and, therefore, have different metabolic capacities. This is the basis for 'metabolic zonation', a concept first proposed in mammals for carbohydrate metabolism and later expanded to include amino acid and ammonia metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism, protective metabolism, and formation of plasma proteins." [DOI:10.1016/S0968-0004(78)91764-4, PMID:8839925] synonym: "hepatic acinus metabolic zone" EXACT [PMID:8839925] is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ subunit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver @@ -224921,7 +224921,7 @@ creation_date: 2020-10-05T15:52:22Z [Term] id: UBERON:8400021 name: liver serosa -def: "Hepatic serous coat; peritoneal covering of the liver, enclosing almost all except for a triangular area on its posterior surface (the \"bare area of the liver\") and a smaller area where the liver and gallbladder are in direct contact." [https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/serosa+of+liver, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-2730] +def: "Hepatic serous coat; peritoneal covering of the liver, enclosing almost all except for a triangular area on its posterior surface (the 'bare area of the liver') and a smaller area where the liver and gallbladder are in direct contact." [https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/serosa+of+liver, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-2730] synonym: "serosa of liver" EXACT [FMA:15811] synonym: "tunica serosa hepatis" EXACT [https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/serosa+of+liver] {synonymtypedef="LATIN"} intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane From aaf228776c77405a8f9f9190437f3387e546d4df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nico Matentzoglu Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2021 20:16:48 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 2/5] Adding a period to all definitions that are missing one. --- src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo | 3264 +++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 1632 insertions(+), 1632 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo index a90be04823..8c5f3349b3 100644 --- a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo +++ b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo @@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005726 ! chemosensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000006 name: islet of Langerhans -def: "the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas" [MA:0000127, MESH:A03.734.414, MP:0005215] +def: "the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas." [MA:0000127, MESH:A03.734.414, MP:0005215] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive [Term] id: UBERON:0000018 name: compound eye -def: "A light sensing organ composed of ommatidia" [FB:gg, Wikipedia:Compound_eye] +def: "A light sensing organ composed of ommatidia." [FB:gg, Wikipedia:Compound_eye] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adult compound eye" RELATED [] @@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider adopting distinction in MA" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000037 name: tertiary ovarian follicle -def: "A follicle that has reached the most mature stage of folliculogenesis, characterized by the presence of the antrum" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, http://www.repropedia.org/antral-follicle] +def: "A follicle that has reached the most mature stage of folliculogenesis, characterized by the presence of the antrum." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, http://www.repropedia.org/antral-follicle] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "antral follicle" BROAD [] @@ -1404,7 +1404,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetically, tendinous tissue first appears id: UBERON:0000044 name: dorsal root ganglion alt_id: UBERON:0026602 -def: "Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain. (MSH) * ganglion found on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of the unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve. (CSP)" [BIRNLEX:2596] +def: "Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain. (MSH) * ganglion found on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of the unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve. (CSP)." [BIRNLEX:2596] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -1516,7 +1516,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of th [Term] id: UBERON:0000046 name: stemma -def: "eye-spots which may be set into a pit to reduce the angles of light that enters and affects the eyespot, to allow the organism to deduce the angle of incoming light" [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes, Wikipedia:Stemma] +def: "eye-spots which may be set into a pit to reduce the angles of light that enters and affects the eyespot, to allow the organism to deduce the angle of incoming light." [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes, Wikipedia:Stemma] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pit eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes] xref: Wikipedia:Stemma @@ -1546,14 +1546,14 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32577 ! Nautiloidea [Term] id: UBERON:0000049 name: spherical lensed eye -def: "simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index" [Wikipedia:Eye#Spherical_lensed_eye] +def: "simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index." [Wikipedia:Eye#Spherical_lensed_eye] subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000050 name: simple eye with multiple lenses -def: "simple eye that has two or more lenses. Some marine organisms bear more than one lens; for instance the copeopod Pontella has three. The outer has a parabolic surface, countering the effects of spherical aberration while allowing a sharp image to be formed. Copilla's eyes have two lenses, which move in and out like a telescope" [Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses] +def: "simple eye that has two or more lenses. Some marine organisms bear more than one lens; for instance the copeopod Pontella has three. The outer has a parabolic surface, countering the effects of spherical aberration while allowing a sharp image to be formed. Copilla's eyes have two lenses, which move in and out like a telescope." [Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses] subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim xref: Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses @@ -1621,7 +1621,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000053 name: macula lutea -def: "An oval area in the retina, usually located temporal to the posterior pole of the eye and slightly below the level of the optic disk. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow pigment diffusely permeating the inner layers, contains the fovea centralis in its center, and provides the best phototopic visual acuity. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)" [MESH:A09.371.729.522] +def: "An oval area in the retina, usually located temporal to the posterior pole of the eye and slightly below the level of the optic disk. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow pigment diffusely permeating the inner layers, contains the fovea centralis in its center, and provides the best phototopic visual acuity. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)." [MESH:A09.371.729.522] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "macula" RELATED [] @@ -1733,7 +1733,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "in humans, consists of adventitial, muscular an [Term] id: UBERON:0000057 name: urethra -def: "the fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening" [MGI:anna, MP:0000537] +def: "the fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening." [MGI:anna, MP:0000537] subset: efo_slim subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim @@ -1951,7 +1951,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "currently defined in a very broad sense, may be r [Term] id: UBERON:0000065 name: respiratory tract -def: "Anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: EHDAA2:0001606 xref: EHDAA:1568 xref: EHDAA:2219 @@ -2336,7 +2336,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the th [Term] id: UBERON:0000081 name: metanephros -def: "In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]" [GO:0001656, Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros] +def: "In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]." [GO:0001656, Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "definite kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543] @@ -2410,7 +2410,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric du [Term] id: UBERON:0000084 name: ureteric bud -def: "An epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]" [MP:0010979, PMID:19828308] +def: "An epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]." [MP:0010979, PMID:19828308] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "diverticulum" RELATED [BTO:0001646] synonym: "diverticulum metanephricum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ureteric_bud] @@ -2500,7 +2500,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes sur [Term] id: UBERON:0000087 name: inner cell mass -def: "A mass of cells that develop into the body of the embryo and some extraembryonic tissues" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:pvb] +def: "A mass of cells that develop into the body of the embryo and some extraembryonic tissues." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:pvb] subset: early_development subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -2532,7 +2532,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "A small sphere of cells known as the inner cell [Term] id: UBERON:0000088 name: trophoblast -def: "the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005031] +def: "the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005031] comment: Aggregate of cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg. [Wikipedia:Trophoblast] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim @@ -2653,7 +2653,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000092 name: post-embryonic stage -def: "stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "post-hatching stage" NARROW [] synonym: "postembryonic" RELATED [] synonym: "postembryonic stage" EXACT [] @@ -2685,7 +2685,7 @@ creation_date: 2009-04-09T06:23:22Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000094 name: membrane organ -def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]" [FMA:7145] +def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]." [FMA:7145] synonym: "membrane" BROAD [] synonym: "membrane of organ" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7145 @@ -2697,7 +2697,7 @@ creation_date: 2009-07-30T05:19:13Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000095 name: cardiac neural crest -def: "portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]" [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] +def: "portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac neural crest complex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] synonym: "complexus cristae neuralis cardiacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] @@ -3003,7 +3003,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/499 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0000114 name: lung connective tissue -def: "the connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0002276, PMID:14635660] +def: "the connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0002276, PMID:14635660] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung interstitial tissue" RELATED [MA:0001782] @@ -3121,7 +3121,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000121 name: perineurium -def: "A layer of thin, concentrically arranged cells with interspersed collagen that lies within the epineurium. (Nolte, J., The Human Brain 3rd edition)" [NLXANAT:090205] +def: "A layer of thin, concentrically arranged cells with interspersed collagen that lies within the epineurium. (Nolte, J., The Human Brain 3rd edition)." [NLXANAT:090205] xref: BTO:0003153 xref: EMAPA:37849 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:52585 @@ -3159,7 +3159,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000123 name: endoneurium -def: "The loose connective tissue within the perineurium that continues into nerve fascicles and surrounds individual fibers. (Nolte, J. The Human Brain 3rd edition)" [NLXANAT:090202] +def: "The loose connective tissue within the perineurium that continues into nerve fascicles and surrounds individual fibers. (Nolte, J. The Human Brain 3rd edition)." [NLXANAT:090202] xref: EMAPA:37847 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:52586 xref: NCIT:C32518 @@ -3177,7 +3177,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "a layer of delicate connective tissue that [Term] id: UBERON:0000124 name: epineurium -def: "A loose connective tissue sheath surrounding each peripheral nerve. Composed mainly of colagen and fibroblasts, it forms a substantial covering over nerve trunks, then thins to an incomplete layer around smaller branches near their terminations. The epineurium is continuous centrally with the dura. Peripherally, it usually ends near the termination of a nerve fiber, but it may continue as the capsule of Meissner corpuscles and a few other encapsulated endings. Nolte, J. The Human Brain 3rd edition" [NLXANAT:090203] +def: "A loose connective tissue sheath surrounding each peripheral nerve. Composed mainly of colagen and fibroblasts, it forms a substantial covering over nerve trunks, then thins to an incomplete layer around smaller branches near their terminations. The epineurium is continuous centrally with the dura. Peripherally, it usually ends near the termination of a nerve fiber, but it may continue as the capsule of Meissner corpuscles and a few other encapsulated endings. Nolte, J. The Human Brain 3rd edition." [NLXANAT:090203] xref: BTO:0003154 xref: EMAPA:37848 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:12234 @@ -3195,7 +3195,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "outermost layer of connective tissue surrou [Term] id: UBERON:0000125 name: neural nucleus -def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)" [NLX:28443] +def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)." [NLX:28443] subset: cumbo synonym: "nervous system nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis nucleus" EXACT [FMA:83686] @@ -3218,7 +3218,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Proposed CUMBO def from MM: A subcortic [Term] id: UBERON:0000126 name: cranial nerve nucleus -def: "Nucleus that receives projections from or contains neurons that send projections through one of the cranial nerves" [NLX:28532] +def: "Nucleus that receives projections from or contains neurons that send projections through one of the cranial nerves." [NLX:28532] synonym: "cranial neural nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54501] synonym: "nucleus nervi cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of cranial nerve" EXACT [] @@ -3234,7 +3234,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000127 name: facial nucleus -def: "the group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000909] +def: "the group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000909] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "facial nerve nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "facial VII motor nucleus" RELATED [MA:0001014] @@ -3264,7 +3264,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has 3 subclasses - left, right and [Term] id: UBERON:0000128 name: olivary body -def: "prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] +def: "prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "oliva" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] synonym: "olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002299] @@ -3546,7 +3546,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA, this is an anatomical conduit * [Term] id: UBERON:0000162 name: cloaca -def: "Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures" [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Cloaca] +def: "Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures." [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Cloaca] synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED [AAO:0000095] synonym: "vent" RELATED [XAO:0000244] xref: AAO:0000095 @@ -3593,7 +3593,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class represents the embryonic form of the c [Term] id: UBERON:0000164 name: primitive urogenital sinus -def: "the ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010116] +def: "the ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010116] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fetal UGS" EXACT [PMID:18977204] synonym: "sinus urogenitalis" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -3707,7 +3707,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) mouth development is very similar in proto [Term] id: UBERON:0000167 name: oral cavity -def: "Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that that is enclosed by the mouth. The boundaries and contents vary depending on the species. In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present)" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-digestive-tract, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that that is enclosed by the mouth. The boundaries and contents vary depending on the species. In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present)." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-digestive-tract, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0073040584] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -3837,7 +3837,7 @@ id: UBERON:0000174 name: excreta alt_id: UBERON:0000324 alt_id: UBERON:0007550 -def: "A portion of organism substance that is the product of an excretion process that will be eliminated from the body. An excretion process is elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity" [GO:0007588, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A portion of organism substance that is the product of an excretion process that will be eliminated from the body. An excretion process is elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity." [GO:0007588, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "excreted substance" EXACT [] synonym: "excretion" RELATED [BTO:0000491] synonym: "portion of excreted substance" EXACT [FMA:9674] @@ -4134,7 +4134,7 @@ creation_date: 2009-04-18T01:37:39Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000209 name: tetrapod frontal bone -def: "the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000107, PMID:7914451, Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] +def: "the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000107, PMID:7914451, Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "frontal" NARROW [AAO:0000206] synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW SENSU [FMA:52734, MA:0001466] @@ -4266,7 +4266,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! vertebral bone 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0000220 name: atlanto-occipital joint -def: "The Atlanto-occipital joint (articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone) consists of a pair of condyloid joints. The atlanto-occipital joint is a synovial joint. The ligaments connecting the bones are: Two Articular capsules; Posterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Anterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Lateral atlantoöccipital" [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint] +def: "The Atlanto-occipital joint (articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone) consists of a pair of condyloid joints. The atlanto-occipital joint is a synovial joint. The ligaments connecting the bones are: Two Articular capsules; Posterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Anterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Lateral atlantoöccipital." [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint] synonym: "articulatio atlanto-occipitalis" EXACT [FMA:24939] synonym: "articulatio atlantooccipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint] synonym: "atlanto occipital joint" EXACT [] @@ -4348,7 +4348,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "definition generalized to accommodate A [Term] id: UBERON:0000304 name: tendon sheath -def: "A layer of membrane around a tendon. It has 2 layers: synovial sheath + fibrous tendon sheath" [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath] +def: "A layer of membrane around a tendon. It has 2 layers: synovial sheath + fibrous tendon sheath." [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath] synonym: "synovial tendon sheath" EXACT [FMA:45087] synonym: "vagina tendinis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath] xref: BTO:0000051 @@ -4367,7 +4367,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - add layer relations. 'tendon sheath' GAT in [Term] id: UBERON:0000305 name: amnion -def: "the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected" [MGI:csmith, MP:0005029] +def: "the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected." [MGI:csmith, MP:0005029] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "amnios" EXACT [http://placentation.ucsd.edu/glossfs.html] xref: BTO:0000065 @@ -4840,7 +4840,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones [Term] id: UBERON:0000344 name: mucosa -def: "A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]" [Wikipedia:Mucous_membrane] +def: "A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Mucous_membrane] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "mucosa of organ" EXACT [FMA:85355] synonym: "mucosa of organ part" EXACT [FMA:85358] @@ -5162,7 +5162,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0012429 ! hematopoietic tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000362 name: renal medulla -def: "the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003014] +def: "the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003014] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -5394,7 +5394,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000373 name: tapetum of corpus callosum -def: "On either side of the corpus collosum, the fibers radiate in the white substance and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobe constitute the forceps anterior, and those curving backward into the occipital lobe, the forceps posterior. Between these two parts is the main body of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. [Wikipedia via Greys]" [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] +def: "On either side of the corpus collosum, the fibers radiate in the white substance and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobe constitute the forceps anterior, and those curving backward into the occipital lobe, the forceps posterior. Between these two parts is the main body of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. [Wikipedia via Greys]." [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] synonym: "tapetum" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:77208] synonym: "tapetum corporis callosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] xref: DHBA:12027 @@ -5732,7 +5732,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0000388 name: epiglottis -def: "A part of the pharynx that consists of a flap of elastic cartilage tissue plus a mucous membrane covering, attached to the entrance of the larynx. The epiglottis is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink[MP,modified]" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MGI:llw2, MP:0010371, Wikipedia:Epiglottis] +def: "A part of the pharynx that consists of a flap of elastic cartilage tissue plus a mucous membrane covering, attached to the entrance of the larynx. The epiglottis is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink[MP,modified]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MGI:llw2, MP:0010371, Wikipedia:Epiglottis] subset: pheno_slim xref: BTO:0001628 xref: EHDAA2:0004081 @@ -5757,7 +5757,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiglottal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000389 name: lens cortex -def: "Tissue that surrounds the lens nucleus" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/lens+cortex] +def: "Tissue that surrounds the lens nucleus." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/lens+cortex] synonym: "cortex of lens" EXACT [FMA:58970] xref: BTO:0001632 xref: CALOHA:TS-0542 @@ -5866,7 +5866,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "in BTO this is part of the cochlear modiolus, but t id: UBERON:0000396 name: vallate papilla alt_id: UBERON:0002927 -def: "Any of the large papillae, which have multiple taste buds in the trough surrounding the papillae, located near the base and on the dorsal side of the tongue" [MGI:smb, MP:0006258] +def: "Any of the large papillae, which have multiple taste buds in the trough surrounding the papillae, located near the base and on the dorsal side of the tongue." [MGI:smb, MP:0006258] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "circumvallate papilla" EXACT [MA:0001594] synonym: "circumvallate papilla of tongue" EXACT [] @@ -5922,7 +5922,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen [Term] id: UBERON:0000398 name: cartilage tissue of sternum -def: "Any portion of cartilage tissue that is part of the sternum" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any portion of cartilage tissue that is part of the sternum." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: Examples: cartilage of manubrium, cartilage of xiphoid process synonym: "cartilage of sternum" EXACT [FMA:32567] xref: FMA:32567 @@ -5970,7 +5970,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008343 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus of jejun [Term] id: UBERON:0000401 name: mandibular ramus -def: "the upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010150] +def: "the upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010150] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lower ramus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "mandible ramus" EXACT [MA:0002815] @@ -6662,7 +6662,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0003982 {source="BTO"} ! mature ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000451 name: prefrontal cortex -def: "The anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas.nnThis brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behaviors, personality expression, decision making and moderating correct social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals.nnThe most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the pre-frontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social 'control' (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially-unacceptable outcomes).nnMany authors have indicated an integral link between a person's personality and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. - definition adapted from Wikipedia" [NLXANAT:090801] +def: "The anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas.nnThis brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behaviors, personality expression, decision making and moderating correct social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals.nnThe most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the pre-frontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social 'control' (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially-unacceptable outcomes).nnMany authors have indicated an integral link between a person's personality and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. - definition adapted from Wikipedia." [NLXANAT:090801] subset: efo_slim synonym: "frontal association cortex" RELATED PENDING_REVIEW [MA:0000906] synonym: "prefrontal association complex" RELATED [BTO:0002807] @@ -6789,7 +6789,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0000460 name: major vestibular gland -def: "the paired glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in the superficial perineal pouch in females; they secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands in males" [MGI:anna, MP:0011787] +def: "the paired glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in the superficial perineal pouch in females; they secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands in males." [MGI:anna, MP:0011787] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Bartholin gland" EXACT [] @@ -7525,7 +7525,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "needs to be synchronized with CL - there is no dist [Term] id: UBERON:0000485 name: simple columnar epithelium -def: "Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737, Wikipedia:Simple_columnar_epithelium] +def: "Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737, Wikipedia:Simple_columnar_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "columnar epithelium" BROAD [EHDAA2:0003068] @@ -7555,7 +7555,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000486 name: multilaminar epithelium -def: "Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737, Wikipedia:Stratified_epithelium] +def: "Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737, Wikipedia:Stratified_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "laminated epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0002074] @@ -7581,7 +7581,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one l [Term] id: UBERON:0000487 name: simple squamous epithelium -def: "Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]" [FMA:45565, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737, Wikipedia:Simple_squamous_epithelium] +def: "Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]." [FMA:45565, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737, Wikipedia:Simple_squamous_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelium simplex squamosum" EXACT [] @@ -7651,7 +7651,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class was introduced for consistency with CA [Term] id: UBERON:0000490 name: unilaminar epithelium -def: "Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]" [FMA:45561, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737] +def: "Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]." [FMA:45561, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "simple epithelium" EXACT [FMA:45561] synonym: "unilaminar epithelia" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0001495] @@ -7716,7 +7716,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000642 name: suspensory ligament of duodenum -def: "A thin muscle connecting the junction between the duodenum, jejunum, and duodenojejunal flexure to connective tissue surrounding the superior mesenteric artery and coeliac artery" [Wikipedia:Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum] +def: "A thin muscle connecting the junction between the duodenum, jejunum, and duodenojejunal flexure to connective tissue surrounding the superior mesenteric artery and coeliac artery." [Wikipedia:Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum] synonym: "ligament of Treitz" EXACT [FMA:20509] synonym: "muscle of Treitz" EXACT [FMA:20509] synonym: "musculus suspensorius duodeni" EXACT [FMA:20509] @@ -7752,7 +7752,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/S id: UBERON:0000908 name: hippocampal commissure alt_id: UBERON:Commissure-MA_0002723 -def: "the triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008221] +def: "the triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008221] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissura hippocampi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61970, FMA:TA] @@ -8659,7 +8659,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structu [Term] id: UBERON:0000946 name: cardial valve -def: "A membranous fold of the heart that prevents reflux of fluid" [MESH:A07.541.510, MP:0000285, PMID:7926784] +def: "A membranous fold of the heart that prevents reflux of fluid." [MESH:A07.541.510, MP:0000285, PMID:7926784] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -8698,7 +8698,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "Rector et al: One might be tempted to define [Term] id: UBERON:0000947 name: aorta -def: "The main trunk of the systemic arterial system that carries blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A07.231.114.056, MP:0000272, Wikipedia:Aorta] +def: "The main trunk of the systemic arterial system that carries blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A07.231.114.056, MP:0000272, Wikipedia:Aorta] subset: efo_slim subset: grouping_class subset: pheno_slim @@ -8906,7 +8906,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000954 name: obsolete intestine muscle -def: "intestinal muscle cell, attach to intestine and body wall anterior to anus" [WB:Paper00000653] +def: "intestinal muscle cell, attach to intestine and body wall anterior to anus." [WB:Paper00000653] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intestinal muscle" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true @@ -9073,7 +9073,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "medullary" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000959 name: optic chiasma -def: "A decussation of the diencephalon where the fibers of the optic nerve cross" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MGI:llw2, MP:0009770, Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm] +def: "A decussation of the diencephalon where the fibers of the optic nerve cross." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MGI:llw2, MP:0009770, Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -9194,7 +9194,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy [Term] id: UBERON:0000964 name: cornea -def: "the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217, MP:0001312] +def: "the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217, MP:0001312] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -9543,7 +9543,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "It probably first evolved in early tetrapods as an [Term] id: UBERON:0000976 name: humerus -def: "Paired endochondral long bone that extends between the pectoral girdle and the skeletal parts of the forelimb. [PHENOSCAPE:mah]" [AAO:0000679, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/106, PHENOSCAPE:mah] +def: "Paired endochondral long bone that extends between the pectoral girdle and the skeletal parts of the forelimb. [PHENOSCAPE:mah]." [AAO:0000679, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/106, PHENOSCAPE:mah] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -9689,7 +9689,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral o [Term] id: UBERON:0000980 name: trochanter -def: "A bony prominence near the extremity of the femur that normally serves as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles[MP,modified]" [MP:0004627] +def: "A bony prominence near the extremity of the femur that normally serves as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles[MP,modified]." [MP:0004627] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "femoral trochanter" EXACT [AAO:0000897] @@ -9851,7 +9851,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - review. hymenoptera thorax = fusion of thora [Term] id: UBERON:0000985 name: axillary vein -def: "Vein that drains the axilla" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Vein that drains the axilla." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "subcostal vein" RELATED [] synonym: "vena axillaris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_vein] @@ -9942,7 +9942,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "During the embryonic development of birds and ma [Term] id: UBERON:0000989 name: penis -def: "A intromittent organ in certain biologically male organisms. In placental mammals, this also serves as the organ of urination" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005187, Wikipedia:Penis] +def: "A intromittent organ in certain biologically male organisms. In placental mammals, this also serves as the organ of urination." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005187, Wikipedia:Penis] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -10095,7 +10095,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Examination of different vertebrate species show [Term] id: UBERON:0000992 name: ovary -def: "the gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001126, Wikipedia:Ovary] +def: "the gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001126, Wikipedia:Ovary] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -10235,7 +10235,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Some species have multiple spermathecae, as seen in [Term] id: UBERON:0000995 name: uterus -def: "the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth" [MGI:csmith, MP:0001120] +def: "the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth." [MGI:csmith, MP:0001120] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -10440,7 +10440,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Male:anatomy.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001000 name: vas deferens -def: "A secretory duct that transports sperm from the testis. In mammals this is a continuation of the epididymis and ends in the prostatic urethra where it terminates to form ejaculatory duct" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:pvb, MP:0002769, Wikipedia:Vas_deferens] +def: "A secretory duct that transports sperm from the testis. In mammals this is a continuation of the epididymis and ends in the prostatic urethra where it terminates to form ejaculatory duct." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:pvb, MP:0002769, Wikipedia:Vas_deferens] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -10872,7 +10872,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001013 name: adipose tissue -def: "Portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MESH:A10.165.114, MGI:cwg, MP:0000003, Wikipedia:Adipose_tissue] +def: "Portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MESH:A10.165.114, MGI:cwg, MP:0000003, Wikipedia:Adipose_tissue] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -11456,7 +11456,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "gustatory" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001034 name: obsolete photoreceptor -def: "Can refer to a light sensitive organ, a photoreceptor cell or a photoreceptor protein. This class was made obsolete because it was ambiguous" [Wikipedia:Photoreceptor] +def: "Can refer to a light sensitive organ, a photoreceptor cell or a photoreceptor protein. This class was made obsolete because it was ambiguous." [Wikipedia:Photoreceptor] xref: BTO:0001060 xref: Wikipedia:Photoreceptor is_obsolete: true @@ -11716,7 +11716,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The few structural specializations in (adult lam [Term] id: UBERON:0001044 name: saliva-secreting gland -def: "saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]" [GO:0007431, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland] +def: "saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]." [GO:0007431, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland] subset: efo_slim subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim @@ -11949,7 +11949,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypopharyngeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001052 name: rectum -def: "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000492] +def: "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000492] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -12145,7 +12145,7 @@ xref: ZFA:0100000 id: UBERON:0001063 name: flocculus alt_id: UBERON:Flocculus-MA_0000992 -def: "the small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule that receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0838580343, MGI:csmith, MP:0010006, Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)] +def: "the small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule that receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0838580343, MGI:csmith, MP:0010006, Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83881] @@ -12360,7 +12360,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocr [Term] id: UBERON:0001070 name: external carotid artery -def: "A terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to to the throat, neck glands, tongue, face, mouth, ear, scalp and dura mater of the meninges[MP]" [MGI:anna] +def: "A terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to to the throat, neck glands, tongue, face, mouth, ear, scalp and dura mater of the meninges[MP]." [MGI:anna] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -12451,7 +12451,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic modifications within this basic pat [Term] id: UBERON:0001073 name: ileocecal junction -def: "A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=46539] +def: "A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=46539] synonym: "ileocaecal junction" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:37601 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:11338 @@ -12598,7 +12598,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Projections on each side of the vertebra fr [Term] id: UBERON:0001078 name: pedicle of vertebra -def: "the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004604] +def: "the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004604] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pedicle" BROAD [] @@ -12709,7 +12709,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004784 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/ub [Term] id: UBERON:0001082 name: epicardium of ventricle -def: "An epicardial layer that lines a cardiac ventricle" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An epicardial layer that lines a cardiac ventricle." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac ventricle epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricular epicardium" EXACT [] @@ -12815,7 +12815,7 @@ intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0001088 name: urine -def: "Excretion that is the output of a kidney" [https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/11025, Wikipedia:Urine] +def: "Excretion that is the output of a kidney." [https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/11025, Wikipedia:Urine] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -13106,7 +13106,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001097 name: axillary lymph node -def: "the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002340] +def: "the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002340] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "axillary node" EXACT [] @@ -13241,7 +13241,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0001103 name: diaphragm -def: "A thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Often used for breathing control" [MP:0002279] +def: "A thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Often used for breathing control." [MP:0002279] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -13477,7 +13477,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The thyrohyoid is a somitic muscle that par [Term] id: UBERON:0001111 name: intercostal muscle -def: "the respiratory muscles that arise from the lower border of one rib and insert into the upper border of the adjoining rib" [MESH:A02.633.567.900.500, MGI:csmith, MP:0002280] +def: "the respiratory muscles that arise from the lower border of one rib and insert into the upper border of the adjoining rib." [MESH:A02.633.567.900.500, MGI:csmith, MP:0002280] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -14359,7 +14359,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in EHDAA2, the renal vein is part of th [Term] id: UBERON:0001141 name: right renal vein -def: "A renal vein that drains the right kidney" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A renal vein that drains the right kidney." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37381 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:14335 @@ -14375,7 +14375,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A vein that drains blood from the right kid [Term] id: UBERON:0001142 name: left renal vein -def: "A renal vein that drains the left kidney" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A renal vein that drains the left kidney." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37166 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:14336 @@ -14603,7 +14603,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocr [Term] id: UBERON:0001152 name: cystic duct -def: "the tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009493] +def: "the tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009493] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -14781,7 +14781,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In zebrafish, the posterior intestine has short lon [Term] id: UBERON:0001156 name: ascending colon -def: "Section of colon which is distal to the cecum and proximal to the transversecolon.[FMA,modified]" [FMA:14545, Wikipedia:Ascending_colon] +def: "Section of colon which is distal to the cecum and proximal to the transversecolon.[FMA,modified]." [FMA:14545, Wikipedia:Ascending_colon] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colon ascendens" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ascending_colon] @@ -14956,7 +14956,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "we include this as zone of stomach even though it i id: UBERON:0001162 name: cardia of stomach alt_id: UBERON:0004712 -def: "The part of the stomach attached to the esophagus. The cardia begins immediately distal to the z-line of the gastroeosphageal junction, where the squamous epithelium of the esophagus gives way to the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract[WP]" [BTO:0000198, Wikipedia:Cardia] +def: "The part of the stomach attached to the esophagus. The cardia begins immediately distal to the z-line of the gastroeosphageal junction, where the squamous epithelium of the esophagus gives way to the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract[WP]." [BTO:0000198, Wikipedia:Cardia] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "antrum cardiacum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "antrum cardiacum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] @@ -15026,7 +15026,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001165 name: pyloric antrum -def: "the area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010790] +def: "the area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010790] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -15062,7 +15062,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001166 name: pylorus -def: "the stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010785] +def: "the stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010785] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars pylorica" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -15100,7 +15100,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001167 name: wall of stomach -def: "the layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010783] +def: "the layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010783] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -15232,7 +15232,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which [Term] id: UBERON:0001174 name: common bile duct -def: "the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009495] +def: "the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009495] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -15351,7 +15351,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001179 name: peritoneal cavity -def: "Anatomical cavity bounded by visceral and parietal peritoneum" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Peritoneal_cavity] +def: "Anatomical cavity bounded by visceral and parietal peritoneum." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Peritoneal_cavity] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas peritonealis" RELATED [BTO:0001782] @@ -15526,7 +15526,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The renal arteries normally arise off the s [Term] id: UBERON:0001185 name: right renal artery -def: "Renal artery that supplies the right kidney" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Renal artery that supplies the right kidney." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: The right [renal artery] passes behind the inferior vena cava, the right renal vein, the head of the pancreas, and the descending part of the duodenum[WP] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -15546,7 +15546,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001186 name: left renal artery -def: "Renal artery that supplies the left kidney" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Renal artery that supplies the left kidney." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: The left [renal artery] is somewhat higher than the right; it lies behind the left renal vein, the body of the pancreas and the splenic vein, and is crossed by the inferior mesenteric vein[WP] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "left renal arterial tree" EXACT [] @@ -15865,7 +15865,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane l [Term] id: UBERON:0001200 name: submucosa of stomach -def: "the fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010794] +def: "the fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010794] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gastric submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach submucosa" EXACT [] @@ -15891,7 +15891,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001201 name: serosa of stomach -def: "the outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010793] +def: "the outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010793] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -15976,7 +15976,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the adult Xenopus stomach exhibits both gl [Term] id: UBERON:0001203 name: muscularis mucosae of stomach -def: "the thin layer of smooth muscle in the mucosal layer of the stomach that functions to agitate the surface area stomach mucosa by moving the villi back and forth" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010806] +def: "the thin layer of smooth muscle in the mucosal layer of the stomach that functions to agitate the surface area stomach mucosa by moving the villi back and forth." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010806] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gastric muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae (tunica mucosa)(gaster)" EXACT [] @@ -16172,7 +16172,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001211 name: Peyer's patch -def: "the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MESH:A10.549.600, MP:0000696, PMID:15841100] +def: "the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MESH:A10.549.600, MP:0000696, PMID:15841100] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16237,7 +16237,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Said to be absent outside mammlian (Andrew 1959) bu id: UBERON:0001213 name: intestinal villus alt_id: UBERON:0007607 -def: "the tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold" [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk, MP:0008108] +def: "the tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold." [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk, MP:0008108] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -16536,7 +16536,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "In the adult metanephros, it forms a continuous [Term] id: UBERON:0001226 name: major calyx -def: "portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains several minor calyces" [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] +def: "portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains several minor calyces." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] comment: major calyx collects urine from several renal papillae; all major calyces unite to form the renal pelvis subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calices renales majores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_calyx] @@ -16554,7 +16554,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Kidney:PioM.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001227 name: minor calyx -def: "portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains one renal papilla" [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] +def: "portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains one renal papilla." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] comment: one renal papilla projects into the lumen of one minor calyx; several minor calyces unite to form a major calyx subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calices renales minores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Minor_calyx] @@ -16595,7 +16595,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Kidney:PioM.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001229 name: renal corpuscle -def: "the structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002827] +def: "the structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002827] comment: Together, the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16634,7 +16634,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The part of the nephron that filters blood. [Term] id: UBERON:0001230 name: glomerular capsule -def: "A cup-like sac at the expanded beginning of a tubular component of a nephron that contains the glomerulus" [MGI:pvb, MP:0002828, Wikipedia:Bowman%27s_capsule] +def: "A cup-like sac at the expanded beginning of a tubular component of a nephron that contains the glomerulus." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002828, Wikipedia:Bowman%27s_capsule] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -16714,7 +16714,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "note that in ISBN:0073040584 (Vertebrat [Term] id: UBERON:0001232 name: collecting duct of renal tubule -def: "The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient" [GO:0072044, Wikipedia:Collecting_tubule] +def: "The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient." [GO:0072044, Wikipedia:Collecting_tubule] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -16751,7 +16751,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in ISBN:0073040584 (Vertebrates, Kardon [Term] id: UBERON:0001233 name: right adrenal gland -def: "An adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen" [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "glandula suprarenalis dexter" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "right suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:37357 {source="MA:th"} @@ -16768,7 +16768,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the right adrenal gland is triangular sh [Term] id: UBERON:0001234 name: left adrenal gland -def: "An adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen" [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "glandula suprarenalis sinister" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "left suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:37356 {source="MA:th"} @@ -16785,7 +16785,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the left adrenal gland is semilunar shap [Term] id: UBERON:0001235 name: adrenal cortex -def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0008288] +def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0008288] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16830,7 +16830,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Kardong states that mammals are the first to have d [Term] id: UBERON:0001236 name: adrenal medulla -def: "the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine" [MESH:A06.407.071.265, MGI:llw2, MP:0008289] +def: "the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine." [MESH:A06.407.071.265, MGI:llw2, MP:0008289] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16957,7 +16957,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001241 name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine -def: "the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004841] +def: "the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004841] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuhn of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -17076,7 +17076,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check serosa/peritoneum" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001244 name: internal anal sphincter -def: "the smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular muscle fibers of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter" [MGI:anna, MP:0009055] +def: "the smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular muscle fibers of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter." [MGI:anna, MP:0009055] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "circular layer of anal muscularis externa" EXACT [] @@ -17202,7 +17202,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/G id: UBERON:0001249 name: spleen lymphoid follicle alt_id: UBERON:0003969 -def: "The area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur" [CL:tm, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/6, MP:0008470] +def: "The area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur." [CL:tm, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/6, MP:0008470] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lymphatic follicle of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843] synonym: "lymphoid follicle of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843] @@ -17230,7 +17230,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001250 name: red pulp of spleen -def: "the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation" [MGI:csmith, MP:0002356] +def: "the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002356] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulpa rubra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15844, FMA:TA] @@ -17255,7 +17255,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001251 name: marginal zone of spleen -def: "the zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002362] +def: "the zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002362] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "junctional zone of spleen" EXACT [] synonym: "marginal zone" BROAD [Wikipedia:Marginal_zone] @@ -17316,7 +17316,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009916 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/ub [Term] id: UBERON:0001254 name: urothelium of ureter -def: "The luminal epithelium of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder[MP]" [MP:0000535] +def: "The luminal epithelium of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder[MP]." [MP:0000535] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "transitional epithelium of ureter" EXACT [] synonym: "ureter luminal urothelium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MP:0000535] @@ -17404,7 +17404,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001257 name: trigone of urinary bladder -def: "the smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa" [MGI:anna, MP:0011768] +def: "the smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa." [MGI:anna, MP:0011768] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bladder trigone" EXACT [] @@ -17461,7 +17461,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001259 name: mucosa of urinary bladder -def: "the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder" [MGI:anna, MP:0011766] +def: "the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder." [MGI:anna, MP:0011766] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bladder mucosa" EXACT [] @@ -18001,7 +18001,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001279 name: portal triad -def: "A multi-organ-part structure that consists of three vessels of the portal lobule including the bile duct, a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0008993] +def: "A multi-organ-part structure that consists of three vessels of the portal lobule including the bile duct, a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0008993] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "trias hepatica" EXACT [] @@ -18087,7 +18087,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in [Term] id: UBERON:0001282 name: intralobular bile duct -def: "the tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009499] +def: "the tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009499] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "canal of Hering" RELATED [] @@ -18172,7 +18172,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Check part_of location against textual definition" [Term] id: UBERON:0001285 name: nephron -def: "The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]" [PMID:9268568, Wikipedia:Nephron] +def: "The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]." [PMID:9268568, Wikipedia:Nephron] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -18207,7 +18207,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In the avian kidney, three types of nephron are ide [Term] id: UBERON:0001286 name: Bowman's space -def: "A narrow chalice-shaped cavity between the glomerular and capsular epithelium of the glomerular capsule of the kidney[TFD]. Between the visceral and parietal layers, into which the filtrate enters after passing through the podocytes' filtration slits[WP]. luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries[MP]" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowman's+space, MP:0011499, Wikipedia:Bowman's_space] +def: "A narrow chalice-shaped cavity between the glomerular and capsular epithelium of the glomerular capsule of the kidney[TFD]. Between the visceral and parietal layers, into which the filtrate enters after passing through the podocytes' filtration slits[WP]. luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries[MP]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowman's+space, MP:0011499, Wikipedia:Bowman's_space] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -18281,7 +18281,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Renal tubule that connects to the renal cor [Term] id: UBERON:0001288 name: loop of Henle -def: "the section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine" [MGI:csmith, MP:0004755] +def: "the section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004755] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ansa nephroni" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Loop_of_Henle] @@ -18314,7 +18314,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The structure differs considerably between species; [Term] id: UBERON:0001289 name: descending limb of loop of Henle -def: "the portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure" [MGI:anna, MP:0011341] +def: "the portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure." [MGI:anna, MP:0011341] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "descending limb" BROAD [] @@ -18366,7 +18366,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Portion of the renal tubule which is just p [Term] id: UBERON:0001291 name: thick ascending limb of loop of Henle -def: "the distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule" [MGI:anna, MP:0011344] +def: "the distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule." [MGI:anna, MP:0011344] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ascending thick limb" EXACT [] @@ -18472,7 +18472,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "unique to mammals" xsd:string {source="GO:0072053"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001295 name: endometrium -def: "the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy" [MESH:A05.360.319.679.490, MGI:smb, MP:0004896] +def: "the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy." [MESH:A05.360.319.679.490, MGI:smb, MP:0004896] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -18512,7 +18512,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Animals that have estrous cycles reabsorb the endom [Term] id: UBERON:0001296 name: myometrium -def: "the smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium" [MESH:A02.633.570.500, MGI:brs, MP:0008256] +def: "the smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium." [MESH:A02.633.570.500, MGI:brs, MP:0008256] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -18597,7 +18597,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/A [Term] id: UBERON:0001299 name: glans penis -def: "the conic expansion of the corpus spongiosum that forms the head of the penis" [MGI:anna, MP:0009102] +def: "the conic expansion of the corpus spongiosum that forms the head of the penis." [MGI:anna, MP:0009102] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "balanus" RELATED [BTO:0003118] @@ -18659,7 +18659,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The scrotum of marsupials is not homologous with th [Term] id: UBERON:0001301 name: epididymis -def: "the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens" [MGI:pvb, MP:0002631] +def: "the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002631] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -19204,7 +19204,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "derives into deep and superficial branches" xsd [Term] id: UBERON:0001325 name: muscle of pelvis -def: "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the pelvis. Examples: levator ani," [FMA:19086] +def: "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the pelvis. Examples: levator ani,." [FMA:19086] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "muscle organ of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -19413,7 +19413,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Female:anatomy.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001335 name: prostatic urethra -def: "the widest and most dilatable part of the male urethra canal which runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; this portion of the urethral canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion; it is lined by transitional epithelium and contains in its posterior wall, or floor, the orifices of the prostatic utricle, ejaculatory ducts, and prostatic ducts, collectively known as the seminal colliculus (aka verumontanum)" [MGI:anna, MP:0011777] +def: "the widest and most dilatable part of the male urethra canal which runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; this portion of the urethral canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion; it is lined by transitional epithelium and contains in its posterior wall, or floor, the orifices of the prostatic utricle, ejaculatory ducts, and prostatic ducts, collectively known as the seminal colliculus (aka verumontanum)." [MGI:anna, MP:0011777] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "male prostatic urethra" EXACT [MP:0011777] @@ -19455,7 +19455,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MA class sex-neutral" xsd:string {exter [Term] id: UBERON:0001337 name: spongiose part of urethra -def: "the longest part of the male urethra contained in the corpus spongiosum and extending from the end of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice; commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward; while narrow and of uniform size in the body of the penis, it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae; the spongy urethra is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium proximally, and by stratified squamous epithelium distally" [MGI:anna, MP:0011779] +def: "the longest part of the male urethra contained in the corpus spongiosum and extending from the end of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice; commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward; while narrow and of uniform size in the body of the penis, it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae; the spongy urethra is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium proximally, and by stratified squamous epithelium distally." [MGI:anna, MP:0011779] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavernous portion of male urethra" EXACT [MP:0011779] @@ -19483,7 +19483,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001338 name: urethral gland -def: "Any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the male or female urethra that help protect the epithelium from the corrosive urine" [MP:anna] +def: "Any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the male or female urethra that help protect the epithelium from the corrosive urine." [MP:anna] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -19703,7 +19703,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001347 name: white adipose tissue -def: "Connective tissue consisting of fat-storing cells and arranged in lobular groups or along minor blood vessels[MP,modified]" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005670] +def: "Connective tissue consisting of fat-storing cells and arranged in lobular groups or along minor blood vessels[MP,modified]." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005670] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -19730,7 +19730,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Adipose tissue, cells of which contain a si [Term] id: UBERON:0001348 name: brown adipose tissue -def: "A thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes[MP,modified]" [MGI:smb, MP:0011698] +def: "A thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes[MP,modified]." [MGI:smb, MP:0011698] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -19765,7 +19765,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "especially abundant in newborns and in hibernating [Term] id: UBERON:0001349 name: externally connecting tube lumen -def: "Anatomical cavity that connects an organ cavity, organ cavity subdivision or cavity of body part subdivision to the exterior, completely or partially surrounded by organs or organ parts that are lined by epithelium. Examples: preputial cavity, vestibule of vagina.[FMA]" [FMA:20192] +def: "Anatomical cavity that connects an organ cavity, organ cavity subdivision or cavity of body part subdivision to the exterior, completely or partially surrounded by organs or organ parts that are lined by epithelium. Examples: preputial cavity, vestibule of vagina.[FMA]." [FMA:20192] subset: non_informative synonym: "vestibule" RELATED [FMA:20192] xref: FMA:20192 @@ -19870,7 +19870,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "subdivision of head in FMA." xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001353 name: anal region -def: "The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -20607,7 +20607,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "see notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible conf [Term] id: UBERON:0001384 name: primary motor cortex -def: "The part of the cerebral cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord. The motor cortex corresponds to Brodmann's area 4 (MM). The primary motor cortex, or M1, is located on the precentral gyrus and on the anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the brain. Of the three motor cortex areas, stimulation of the primary motor cortex requires the least amount of electrical current to elicit a movement. http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter03.html" [NLX:143555] +def: "The part of the cerebral cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord. The motor cortex corresponds to Brodmann's area 4 (MM). The primary motor cortex, or M1, is located on the precentral gyrus and on the anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the brain. Of the three motor cortex areas, stimulation of the primary motor cortex requires the least amount of electrical current to elicit a movement. http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter03.html." [NLX:143555] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -20908,7 +20908,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/B [Term] id: UBERON:0001394 name: axillary artery -def: "Artery that supplies the axilla" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Artery that supplies the axilla." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria axillaris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_artery] synonym: "axillary part of subclavian artery" EXACT [FMA:22654] @@ -21942,7 +21942,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiphysial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001438 name: metaphysis -def: "Zone of long bone that is between the epiphysis and diaphysis. Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:24014, Wikipedia:Metaphysis] +def: "Zone of long bone that is between the epiphysis and diaphysis. Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]." [FMA:24014, Wikipedia:Metaphysis] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [] @@ -21965,7 +21965,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the pr [Term] id: UBERON:0001439 name: compact bone tissue -def: "the outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone; consists of parallel osteons containing mineral deposits and interstitial lamellae" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:hdene, MP:0003797] +def: "the outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone; consists of parallel osteons containing mineral deposits and interstitial lamellae." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:hdene, MP:0003797] comment: MP distinguishes compact/cortical bone. in other AOs they are syns subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -21993,7 +21993,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002482 ! lamellar bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001440 name: forelimb skeleton -def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "bones of upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001256] @@ -22336,7 +22336,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "synonymous with the fibulare of basal tetrapods." x [Term] id: UBERON:0001451 name: navicular bone of pes -def: "the oval-shaped tarsal bone found between the talus and the 3 cuneiform bones" [MGI:llw2, MP:0009727] +def: "the oval-shaped tarsal bone found between the talus and the 3 cuneiform bones." [MGI:llw2, MP:0009727] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central tarsal bone" RELATED [] @@ -22971,7 +22971,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA, this is part of the bony pector [Term] id: UBERON:0001471 name: skin of prepuce of penis -def: "the loose fold of skin that covers the penis" [MP:0003553, NCBI:matt] +def: "the loose fold of skin that covers the penis." [MP:0003553, NCBI:matt] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "foreskin of penis" EXACT [] synonym: "penis foreskin" EXACT [] @@ -23110,7 +23110,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0002360 [Term] id: UBERON:0001476 name: deltoid -def: "A muscle of shoulder which attaches to the scapula, clavicle and humerus.[FMA,generalized]" [FMA:32521, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A muscle of shoulder which attaches to the scapula, clavicle and humerus.[FMA,generalized]." [FMA:32521, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: We use a generic definition that includes the deltoideus as represented in AAO: 'Muscle which originates as three heads, the pars externalis, pars clavicularis, and pars scapularis. The pars externalis originates from the lateral border of the omosternum and inserts on the distal portion of the humerus. The pars clavicularis originates from the ventro-lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The pars scapularis originates from the lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus'. Kardong: Dorsal group subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -23634,7 +23634,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Muscle which is comprised of three heads. T [Term] id: UBERON:0001496 name: ascending aorta -def: "The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta[GO]. A portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum; it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heart's axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage, describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the sternum. The total length is about 5 cm in length [Wikipedia]" [GO:0035905, Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta] +def: "The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta[GO]. A portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum; it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heart's axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage, describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the sternum. The total length is about 5 cm in length [Wikipedia]." [GO:0035905, Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aorta ascendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta] @@ -23743,7 +23743,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004489 {source="prolog"} ! musculature of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001501 name: lumbrical muscle of manus -def: "The lumbricals are intrinsic muscles of the manus that flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints" [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_hand] +def: "The lumbricals are intrinsic muscles of the manus that flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints." [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_hand] synonym: "hand lumbrical" EXACT [] synonym: "hand lumbrical muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "hand lumbrical muscle" EXACT [MA:0002316] @@ -23761,7 +23761,7 @@ relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001523 ! flexor digitorum profundus [Term] id: UBERON:0001502 name: interosseous muscle of manus -def: "Any of the interosseous muscles of the manus (hand). This includes the dorsal and plantar interossei" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any of the interosseous muscles of the manus (hand). This includes the dorsal and plantar interossei." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hand interosseous muscle" EXACT [MA:0002313] synonym: "interosseous muscle of hand" EXACT [FMA:37417] @@ -23901,7 +23901,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/ [Term] id: UBERON:0001508 name: arch of aorta -def: "the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004113] +def: "the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004113] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aortic arch" RELATED [FMA:3768] @@ -24065,7 +24065,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "results from fusion of left and right dorsal [Term] id: UBERON:0001515 name: thoracic aorta -def: "the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest" [http://www.medterms.com, MP:0010468] +def: "the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest." [http://www.medterms.com, MP:0010468] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24365,7 +24365,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001528 name: radio-ulnar joint -def: "A joint that connects the radius and the ulna. Examples: proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A joint that connects the radius and the ulna. Examples: proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulation of the radus and ulna" EXACT [] @@ -24387,7 +24387,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Forearm:labeled.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001529 name: brachiocephalic artery -def: "the short first aortic arch branch and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010663] +def: "the short first aortic arch branch and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010663] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24472,7 +24472,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "placement of the MA class here is not s [Term] id: UBERON:0001532 name: internal carotid artery -def: "A terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to the brain and eyes[MP]" [MGI:anna] +def: "A terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to the brain and eyes[MP]." [MGI:anna] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24516,7 +24516,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "One of the major arteries of the head, it i [Term] id: UBERON:0001533 name: subclavian artery -def: "One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the pectoral appendages, usually branching from the dorsal aorta" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0073040584] +def: "One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the pectoral appendages, usually branching from the dorsal aorta." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0073040584] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: unverified_taxonomic_grouping @@ -24557,7 +24557,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The pectoral (subclavian) arteries originat [Term] id: UBERON:0001534 name: right subclavian artery -def: "The subclavian artery that supplies the right pectoral appendage" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The subclavian artery that supplies the right pectoral appendage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria subclavia dextra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:3953, FMA:TA] @@ -24582,7 +24582,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in humans, arises from the relatively short brachio [Term] id: UBERON:0001535 name: vertebral artery -def: "the first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011513] +def: "the first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011513] comment: The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24728,7 +24728,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001542 name: inguinal lymph node -def: "the lymph nodes located in the groin area" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002353] +def: "the lymph nodes located in the groin area." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002353] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:35431 @@ -24745,7 +24745,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0001543 name: popliteal lymph node -def: "the lymph nodes which drain the legs; contained in the popliteal fossa" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002352, Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_node] +def: "the lymph nodes which drain the legs; contained in the popliteal fossa." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002352, Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_node] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "popliteal glands" RELATED [Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_nodes] @@ -24851,7 +24851,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001548 name: lateral marginal vein -def: "a continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the short saphenous vein" [Wikipedia:Lateral_marginal_vein] +def: "a continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the short saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Lateral_marginal_vein] synonym: "lateral marginal vein of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44359, FMA:TA] @@ -24882,7 +24882,7 @@ relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0008783 ! dorsal venous arch [Term] id: UBERON:0001550 name: medial marginal vein -def: "a continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the long saphenous vein" [Wikipedia:Medial_marginal_vein] +def: "a continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the long saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Medial_marginal_vein] synonym: "medial marginal vein of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis medialis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis medialis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44420, FMA:TA] @@ -25041,7 +25041,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Some specify that the glottis (vocal co [Term] id: UBERON:0001558 name: lower respiratory tract -def: "The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the trachea and includes all distal structures including the lungs[WP,modified]" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Lower_respiratory_tract] +def: "The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the trachea and includes all distal structures including the lungs[WP,modified]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Lower_respiratory_tract] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lower respiratory system" EXACT [] @@ -25286,7 +25286,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004478 {source="prolog"} ! musculature of larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001569 name: constrictor muscle of pharynx -def: "Pharyngeal constrictor refers to one of the muscles that serves to constrict the pharynx. They include: Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle" [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_constrictor] +def: "Pharyngeal constrictor refers to one of the muscles that serves to constrict the pharynx. They include: Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_constrictor] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pharyngeal constrictor muscle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18964 @@ -25364,7 +25364,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Makes up bulk of tongue in frogs and salamanders; m [Term] id: UBERON:0001572 name: hyoglossus muscle -def: "A muscle that attaches to the hyopid bone and to the tongue and is innervated by cranial nerve XII" [FEED:rd] +def: "A muscle that attaches to the hyopid bone and to the tongue and is innervated by cranial nerve XII." [FEED:rd] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hyoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hyoglossus] synonym: "m. hyoglossus" EXACT [] @@ -25631,7 +25631,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/L [Term] id: UBERON:0001581 name: depressor labii inferioris -def: "A muscle of facial expression, innervated by the facial nerve, attached to the skin of the lower lip, orbicularis oris muscle, and mandible, and superficial and lateral to the mentalis muscle. See Diogo et al., 2009; Burrows et al., 2011)" [MFMO:0000123] +def: "A muscle of facial expression, innervated by the facial nerve, attached to the skin of the lower lip, orbicularis oris muscle, and mandible, and superficial and lateral to the mentalis muscle. See Diogo et al., 2009; Burrows et al., 2011)." [MFMO:0000123] subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:37516 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:46816 @@ -25696,7 +25696,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Wikipedia topic refers to the extrinsic [Term] id: UBERON:0001584 name: left subclavian artery -def: "The subclavian artery that supplies the left pectoral appendage" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The subclavian artery that supplies the left pectoral appendage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria subclavia (sinistra)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:4694, FMA:TA] @@ -25931,7 +25931,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check development relationships in different specie [Term] id: UBERON:0001595 name: auricular muscle -def: "A muscle that is part of the pinna and is attached to the auricular cartilage" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A muscle that is part of the pinna and is attached to the auricular cartilage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "attolens aurem muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "attrahens aurem muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auriclular" BROAD [] @@ -25958,7 +25958,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001596 name: intrinsic auricular muscle -def: "Auricular muscle attached only to the cartilage of the ear and not to the epicranial aponeurosis" [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/auricle.html] +def: "Auricular muscle attached only to the cartilage of the ear and not to the epicranial aponeurosis." [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/auricle.html] xref: EMAPA:37528 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:48967 xref: MA:0001231 @@ -26362,7 +26362,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "It is innervated by the sympathetic system, whic [Term] id: UBERON:0001609 name: isthmus of thyroid gland -def: "A narrow median bridge that joins together the lower thirds of the two lateral (right and left) lobes of the thyroid gland and usually covers the second and the third tracheal rings; the thyroid isthmus is variable in presence and size, can change shape and size, and can encompass a cranially extending pyramid lobe (lobus pyramidalis or processus pyramidalis), remnant of the thyroglossal duct" [MP:0013163] +def: "A narrow median bridge that joins together the lower thirds of the two lateral (right and left) lobes of the thyroid gland and usually covers the second and the third tracheal rings; the thyroid isthmus is variable in presence and size, can change shape and size, and can encompass a cranially extending pyramid lobe (lobus pyramidalis or processus pyramidalis), remnant of the thyroglossal duct." [MP:0013163] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "isthmus" BROAD [VHOG:0000739] synonym: "isthmus glandulae thyroideae" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -26717,7 +26717,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/ [Term] id: UBERON:0001625 name: right coronary artery -def: "Coronary artery which runs along the right side of the heart and predominantly supplies the mycocardium of the right side of the heart[Wikipedia,modified]" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery] +def: "Coronary artery which runs along the right side of the heart and predominantly supplies the mycocardium of the right side of the heart[Wikipedia,modified]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria coronaria dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery] synonym: "right coronary arterial tree" RELATED [] @@ -26737,7 +26737,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001626 name: left coronary artery -def: "Coronary artery which runs along the left side of the heart and predominantly supplies the mycocardium of the left side of the heart[Wikipedia,modified]" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery] +def: "Coronary artery which runs along the left side of the heart and predominantly supplies the mycocardium of the left side of the heart[Wikipedia,modified]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria coronaria sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery] synonym: "left coronary arterial tree" RELATED [] @@ -28193,7 +28193,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In Xenopus, the profundal and the trigeminal gangli [Term] id: UBERON:0001676 name: occipital bone -def: "the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005269] +def: "the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005269] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "occipital complex" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/occiput.html] @@ -28266,7 +28266,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "part of viscerocranium (facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001678 name: temporal bone -def: "the large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005272] +def: "the large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005272] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_bone] @@ -28295,7 +28295,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In many mammals, as in humans, the petrosal, ectoty [Term] id: UBERON:0001679 name: ethmoid bone -def: "A bone in the skull that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. As such, it is located at the roof of the nose, between the two orbits. The cubical bone is lightweight due to a spongy construction. The ethmoid bone is one of the bones that makes up the orbit of the eye[WP]" [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_bone] +def: "A bone in the skull that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. As such, it is located at the roof of the nose, between the two orbits. The cubical bone is lightweight due to a spongy construction. The ethmoid bone is one of the bones that makes up the orbit of the eye[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_bone] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ethmoid" EXACT [FMA:52740] @@ -28333,7 +28333,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "todo - homology e.g. mesethmoid of teleost" xsd:str [Term] id: UBERON:0001680 name: lacrimal bone -def: "the irregularly thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005271] +def: "the irregularly thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005271] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -28445,7 +28445,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Fusion of dermopalatine+autopalatine." xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001683 name: jugal bone -def: "the quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005270] +def: "the quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005270] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cheek bone" EXACT [] @@ -29023,7 +29023,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001700 name: geniculate ganglion -def: "the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve)" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001082] +def: "the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001082] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -29402,7 +29402,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involve [Term] id: UBERON:0001711 name: eyelid -def: "A fold of skin that covers and protects part of the eyeball. Examples: upper eyelid, lower eyelid, nictitating membrane" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A fold of skin that covers and protects part of the eyeball. Examples: upper eyelid, lower eyelid, nictitating membrane." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "blephara" RELATED PLURAL [] @@ -29487,7 +29487,7 @@ id: UBERON:0001714 name: cranial ganglion alt_id: UBERON:0003213 alt_id: UBERON:0026601 -def: "the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0001081, PMID:9362461] +def: "the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0001081, PMID:9362461] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -30011,7 +30011,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, saste buds may be found on the tongue, s [Term] id: UBERON:0001728 name: nasopharynx -def: "the section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002251] +def: "the section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002251] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epipharynx" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharynx] @@ -30048,7 +30048,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans - in front it communicates through the ch [Term] id: UBERON:0001729 name: oropharynx -def: "the portion of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the upper edge of the epiglottis" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002252] +def: "the portion of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the upper edge of the epiglottis." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002252] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -30120,7 +30120,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "See notes for pharynx - as a grouping class this is [Term] id: UBERON:0001732 name: pharyngeal tonsil -def: "the lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002384] +def: "the lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002384] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adenoid" EXACT [] @@ -30208,7 +30208,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In a study of eight mammals a small underdeveloped [Term] id: UBERON:0001735 name: tonsillar ring -def: "the circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002379] +def: "the circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002379] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anulus lymphoideus pharyngis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55070, FMA:TA] @@ -30312,7 +30312,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages [Term] id: UBERON:0001738 name: thyroid cartilage -def: "the largest of the laryngeal cartilages" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002260] +def: "the largest of the laryngeal cartilages." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002260] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago thyroidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] @@ -30371,7 +30371,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages [Term] id: UBERON:0001740 name: arytenoid cartilage -def: "the paired triangular laryngeal cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002257] +def: "the paired triangular laryngeal cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002257] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arytenoid" EXACT [EMAPA:18695] @@ -30436,7 +30436,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "laryngeal cartilage in MP" xsd:string { [Term] id: UBERON:0001743 name: ligament of larynx -def: "A ligament that is part of a larynx and connexts the cartilages of the larynx" [http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/236] +def: "A ligament that is part of a larynx and connexts the cartilages of the larynx." [http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/236] synonym: "laryngeal ligament" EXACT [] synonym: "larynx ligament" EXACT [MA:0001755] xref: EMAPA:37626 {source="MA:th"} @@ -30917,7 +30917,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "A unique feature in the horse is that the frontal s [Term] id: UBERON:0001761 name: future foramen cecum -def: "A thickened and indented region in the midline in the floor of the rostral part of the pharyngeal region of the foregut, located between the second and third branchial arches that is the first indication of the thyroid primordium. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.132]" [ISBN:0124020607, VHOG:0000826] +def: "A thickened and indented region in the midline in the floor of the rostral part of the pharyngeal region of the foregut, located between the second and third branchial arches that is the first indication of the thyroid primordium. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.132]." [ISBN:0124020607, VHOG:0000826] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "foramen caecum" BROAD [MA:0000725] synonym: "foramen cecum" BROAD [] @@ -30935,7 +30935,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0001762 name: turbinate bone -def: "the small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002244] +def: "the small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002244] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "concha" RELATED [EMAPA:25093] @@ -31065,7 +31065,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/I [Term] id: UBERON:0001766 name: anterior chamber of eyeball -def: "the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens" [MESH:A09.371.060.067, MP:0005205] +def: "the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens." [MESH:A09.371.060.067, MP:0005205] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior chamber" EXACT [HP:0000593, MP:0010709] synonym: "anterior chamber of eye" EXACT [] @@ -31098,7 +31098,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "space in EHDAA2 - consider adding Cavit [Term] id: UBERON:0001767 name: posterior chamber of eyeball -def: "the ring-like space, filled with aqueous humor, between the iris/pupil anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005299] +def: "the ring-like space, filled with aqueous humor, between the iris/pupil anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005299] comment: The posterior chamber should not be confused with vitreous chamber. subset: pheno_slim synonym: "c. posterior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball] @@ -31157,7 +31157,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "uveal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001769 name: iris -def: "the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001322] +def: "the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001322] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -31215,7 +31215,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - resolve lacrimal canaliculus vs lacrimal duc [Term] id: UBERON:0001771 name: pupil -def: "the central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001317] +def: "the central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001317] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -31244,7 +31244,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably simil [Term] id: UBERON:0001772 name: corneal epithelium -def: "the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea" [MESH:A09.371.060.217.325, MGI:smb, MP:0006000] +def: "the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea." [MESH:A09.371.060.217.325, MGI:smb, MP:0006000] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -31361,7 +31361,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Many ontologies do not appear to have a [Term] id: UBERON:0001775 name: ciliary body -def: "the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005099, Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] +def: "the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005099, Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -31442,7 +31442,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "choroidal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001777 name: substantia propria of cornea -def: "the lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217.228, MP:0005300] +def: "the lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217.228, MP:0005300] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -31521,7 +31521,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001780 name: spinal nerve -def: "the any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified]" [MESH:A08.800.800.720, MP:0001077] +def: "the any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified]." [MESH:A08.800.800.720, MP:0001077] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "backbone nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -31728,7 +31728,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the [Term] id: UBERON:0001786 name: fovea centralis -def: "A depression in the inner retinal surface within the macula lutea, the photoreceptor layer of which is entirely cones and which is specialized for maximum visual acuity" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Fovea] +def: "A depression in the inner retinal surface within the macula lutea, the photoreceptor layer of which is entirely cones and which is specialized for maximum visual acuity." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Fovea] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "centre of fovea" RELATED [BIRNLEX:2543] @@ -31944,7 +31944,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) an essentially similar sequence of events [Term] id: UBERON:0001792 name: ganglionic layer of retina -def: "Cytoarchitectural layer of retina that contains somata of retinal ganglion cells, bounded by the stratum opticum and the inner plexiform layer" [NLX:36500] +def: "Cytoarchitectural layer of retina that contains somata of retinal ganglion cells, bounded by the stratum opticum and the inner plexiform layer." [NLX:36500] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -31988,7 +31988,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) an essentially similar sequence of events id: UBERON:0001793 name: nerve fiber layer of retina alt_id: UBERON:0005888 -def: "layer of the retina formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve" [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MGI:smb] +def: "layer of the retina formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MGI:smb] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of nerve fibers of retina" EXACT [] @@ -32058,7 +32058,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Membrane on the apical surface of the retin [Term] id: UBERON:0001795 name: inner plexiform layer of retina -def: "Cytoarchitectural layer of the retina that is made up of a dense reticulum of fibrils formed by interlaced dendrites of retinal ganglion cells and cells of the inner nuclear layer (adapted from Wikipedia)" [NLX:20558] +def: "Cytoarchitectural layer of the retina that is made up of a dense reticulum of fibrils formed by interlaced dendrites of retinal ganglion cells and cells of the inner nuclear layer (adapted from Wikipedia)." [NLX:20558] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inner plexiform layer" RELATED [BTO:0003175] @@ -32138,7 +32138,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that t [Term] id: UBERON:0001797 name: vitreous humor -def: "A transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina" [MP:0002699] +def: "A transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina." [MP:0002699] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -32173,7 +32173,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/S [Term] id: UBERON:0001798 name: vitreous body -def: "Gelatinous mucoid tissue that is composed of vitreous humor and fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina[MP,modified]" [MP:0002699] +def: "Gelatinous mucoid tissue that is composed of vitreous humor and fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina[MP,modified]." [MP:0002699] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: CALOHA:TS-0308 @@ -32235,7 +32235,7 @@ intersection_of: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0001027 ! sensory nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001801 name: anterior segment of eyeball -def: "any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive)" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060, MP:0005193] +def: "any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060, MP:0005193] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior eye segment" EXACT [] @@ -32265,7 +32265,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/C [Term] id: UBERON:0001802 name: posterior segment of eyeball -def: "any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive)" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005195] +def: "any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005195] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "eye posterior segment" EXACT [] @@ -32323,7 +32323,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class is the superclass of the anterior epit [Term] id: UBERON:0001804 name: capsule of lens -def: "the elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens" [MGI:smb, MP:0003236, PMID:15483628] +def: "the elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens." [MGI:smb, MP:0003236, PMID:15483628] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -32381,7 +32381,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001806 name: sympathetic ganglion -def: "A ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples: paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia, which include the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, celiac, and stellate ganglia" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0001008] +def: "A ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples: paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia, which include the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, celiac, and stellate ganglia." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0001008] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -32508,7 +32508,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA this is a subtype of junction ra [Term] id: UBERON:0001811 name: conjunctiva -def: "the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball" [MESH:A09.371.060.200, MGI:csmith, MP:0001310] +def: "the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball." [MESH:A09.371.060.200, MGI:csmith, MP:0001310] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -32744,7 +32744,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001820 name: sweat gland -def: "any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000674] +def: "any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000674] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -32882,7 +32882,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001825 name: paranasal sinus -def: "the paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002240] +def: "the paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002240] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nasal sinus" RELATED [GAID:355] @@ -33071,7 +33071,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The most common oral glands in mammals are the s [Term] id: UBERON:0001832 name: sublingual gland -def: "the small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland" [MGI:hdene, MP:0004035] +def: "the small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland." [MGI:hdene, MP:0004035] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus sublingualis" EXACT [] @@ -33471,7 +33471,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "the cochlea is coiled in most mammals, monotremes b [Term] id: UBERON:0001845 name: perilymph -def: "Transudate contained in the osseous labyrinth outside the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Perilymph] +def: "Transudate contained in the osseous labyrinth outside the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Perilymph] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -33586,7 +33586,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001867 ! cartilage of external ear id: UBERON:0001849 name: membranous labyrinth alt_id: UBERON:0010113 -def: "Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the bony labyrinth and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.[FMA, WP]" [FMA:61022, Wikipedia:Membranous_labyrinth] +def: "Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the bony labyrinth and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.[FMA, WP]." [FMA:61022, Wikipedia:Membranous_labyrinth] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -33657,7 +33657,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "cortical" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001852 name: endolymph -def: "Transudate contained within the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]" [FMA:61112, Wikipedia:Endolymph] +def: "Transudate contained within the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]." [FMA:61112, Wikipedia:Endolymph] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -33685,7 +33685,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "otolymphic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001853 name: utricle of membranous labyrinth -def: "the larger of the two otolith organs in the vestibule" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006090, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Utricle_(ear)] +def: "the larger of the two otolith organs in the vestibule." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006090, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Utricle_(ear)] comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5; AAO has both utricle and utriculus; these are generally considered synonyms - e.g. http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=utriculus subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -33719,7 +33719,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has t [Term] id: UBERON:0001854 name: saccule of membranous labyrinth -def: "the smaller of the two otolith organs in the vestibule" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006089, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Saccule] +def: "the smaller of the two otolith organs in the vestibule." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006089, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Saccule] comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5 subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -33795,7 +33795,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has t [Term] id: UBERON:0001856 name: semicircular duct -def: "Any of the three loop-shaped membranous inner tubular parts of the semicircular canals that are about one-fourth the diameter of the corresponding outer bony canals, that communicate at each end with the utricle, and that have near one end an expanded ampulla containing an area of sensory epithelium" [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/semicircular+duct] +def: "Any of the three loop-shaped membranous inner tubular parts of the semicircular canals that are about one-fourth the diameter of the corresponding outer bony canals, that communicate at each end with the utricle, and that have near one end an expanded ampulla containing an area of sensory epithelium." [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/semicircular+duct] synonym: "ductus semicirculares" RELATED PLURAL [FMA:71880, FMA:TA] synonym: "membranous semicircular canal" RELATED [MA:0000251] xref: EMAPA:32830 @@ -33861,7 +33861,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Gnathostome ears have a horizontal semicircular [Term] id: UBERON:0001860 name: endolymphatic duct -def: "the small membranous canal, connecting with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passing through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminating in the endolymphatic sac" [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006011] +def: "the small membranous canal, connecting with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passing through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminating in the endolymphatic sac." [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006011] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -33930,7 +33930,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0001863 name: scala vestibuli -def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane" [MGI:anna, MP:0003168] +def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane." [MGI:anna, MP:0003168] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:35753 @@ -33948,7 +33948,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001864 name: scala tympani -def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina" [MGI:anna, MP:0003167] +def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina." [MGI:anna, MP:0003167] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:35752 @@ -34045,7 +34045,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check FMA:61415" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001869 name: cerebral hemisphere -def: "One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]" [FMA:61817, Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere] +def: "One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]." [FMA:61817, Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -34113,7 +34113,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Anterior portion of the frontal cortex, lyi [Term] id: UBERON:0001871 name: temporal lobe -def: "Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH)" [BIRNLEX:1160] +def: "Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH)." [BIRNLEX:1160] comment: Boundary notes: It is bounded dorsally by the lateral fissure and posteriorly by an arbitrary border shared with the occipital lobe. [Wikipedia:Temporal_lobe] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -34149,7 +34149,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001872 name: parietal lobe -def: "Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH)" [BIRNLEX:1148] +def: "Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH)." [BIRNLEX:1148] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -34595,7 +34595,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The ventral striatopallidal complex in birds corres [Term] id: UBERON:0001883 name: olfactory tubercle -def: "Region in the ventral telencephalon, prominent in rodents, but present in all mammals, consisting of a laminated cortical part and the cap/hilus region. It is traditionally viewed as part of the olfactory cortex but recognized by some as having a striatal character. According to many authors, the structure of the OT transitions from cortical like to striatal like along the lateral medial axis. (Maryann Martone)" [NLXANAT:1005037] +def: "Region in the ventral telencephalon, prominent in rodents, but present in all mammals, consisting of a laminated cortical part and the cap/hilus region. It is traditionally viewed as part of the olfactory cortex but recognized by some as having a striatal character. According to many authors, the structure of the OT transitions from cortical like to striatal like along the lateral medial axis. (Maryann Martone)." [NLXANAT:1005037] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tuberculum olfactorium" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -35428,7 +35428,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "subthalamic" xsd:string id: UBERON:0001901 name: epithelium of trachea alt_id: UBERON:0003227 -def: "the epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002285] +def: "the epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002285] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelial tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -35893,7 +35893,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The mammary glands of humans are in the thoracid/br [Term] id: UBERON:0001912 name: lobule of mammary gland -def: "Organ component of the mammary gland which consists of an aggregate of mammary alveoli that communicate with a lobular lactiferous duct.[FMA]" [FMA:62090] +def: "Organ component of the mammary gland which consists of an aggregate of mammary alveoli that communicate with a lobular lactiferous duct.[FMA]." [FMA:62090] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acinus of mammary gland" EXACT [FMA:62090] @@ -36285,7 +36285,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/T [Term] id: UBERON:0001926 name: lateral geniculate body -def: "the group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004165] +def: "the group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -36471,7 +36471,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d7/ [Term] id: UBERON:0001930 name: paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus -def: "Nucleus in the anterior part of the hypothalamus. (MSH) * one of the magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei, an elongated plate of large, deeply staining cells located close to the third ventricle in the anterior hypothalamic area; major source of oxytocin and to a lesser extent, of antidiuretic hormone, neurohormones, which are carried to the neurohypophysis along the paraventriculohypophysial tract. (CSP)" [BIRNLEX:1407] +def: "Nucleus in the anterior part of the hypothalamus. (MSH) * one of the magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei, an elongated plate of large, deeply staining cells located close to the third ventricle in the anterior hypothalamic area; major source of oxytocin and to a lesser extent, of antidiuretic hormone, neurohormones, which are carried to the neurohypophysis along the paraventriculohypophysial tract. (CSP)." [BIRNLEX:1407] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -37226,7 +37226,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans: 15% orthokeratinized, 75% parakeratinize [Term] id: UBERON:0001950 name: neocortex -def: "An area of cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture that have six layers. Starting from the cortical surface the layers are: molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), internal granular layer (IV), internal pyramidal layer (V), and multiform layer (VI). Neocortex is most prominent in the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe, less so in the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the insula. It is composed of two subdivisions: true isocortex and proisocortex (Carpenter-83)(NN)" [BIRNLEX:2547, OldNeuroNames:754] +def: "An area of cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture that have six layers. Starting from the cortical surface the layers are: molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), internal granular layer (IV), internal pyramidal layer (V), and multiform layer (VI). Neocortex is most prominent in the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe, less so in the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the insula. It is composed of two subdivisions: true isocortex and proisocortex (Carpenter-83)(NN)." [BIRNLEX:2547, OldNeuroNames:754] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral neocortex" EXACT [] @@ -37503,7 +37503,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "A pseudostratified epithelium, containing basal cel [Term] id: UBERON:0001959 name: white pulp of spleen -def: "the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies" [MGI:csmith, MP:0002357] +def: "the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002357] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "noduli lymphoidei splenici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_pulp] @@ -37527,7 +37527,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "The white pulp contains T cells, B cells and acc [Term] id: UBERON:0001960 name: periarterial lymphatic sheath -def: "The area of the spleen in which T cells surround the central arteriole" [MP:0002358] +def: "The area of the spleen in which T cells surround the central arteriole." [MP:0002358] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "PALS" EXACT ABBREVIATION [MP:0002358] synonym: "periarterial lymphoid sheath" EXACT [] @@ -37587,7 +37587,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "guts of jawless fish contains cells with lymphocyte [Term] id: UBERON:0001963 name: bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue -def: "A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses" [ISBN:0123813611] +def: "A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses." [ISBN:0123813611] comment: Lymphoid tissue associated with airways in mice has functional similarities to human BALT[ISBN:0123813611] Notes: FMA classifies this as organized, not diffuse subset: pheno_slim synonym: "BALT" RELATED [] @@ -37934,7 +37934,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001976 name: epithelium of esophagus -def: "the epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000468] +def: "the epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000468] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -38006,7 +38006,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0001979 name: venule -def: "One of the minute vessels that collect deoxygenated blood from the capillary plexuses returns it to the veins" [MESH:A07.231.432.952, MP:0004125] +def: "One of the minute vessels that collect deoxygenated blood from the capillary plexuses returns it to the veins." [MESH:A07.231.432.952, MP:0004125] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -38156,7 +38156,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "capillaries lack tunica media and tunica advent [Term] id: UBERON:0001983 name: crypt of Lieberkuhn -def: "the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/213, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000490] +def: "the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/213, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000490] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT [] @@ -38244,7 +38244,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001986 name: endothelium -def: "A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]" [FMA:63916, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/225, MESH:A10.272.491] +def: "A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]." [FMA:63916, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/225, MESH:A10.272.491] comment: The term 'endothelium' has been either restricted to the continuous cell layer of the vertebrates, as we are assuming here, or applied to all the cells able to adhere to the luminal surface of the vascular basement membrane (Casley-Smith 1980) subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -38309,7 +38309,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Eutherians: In eutherians, the chorioallantoic memb [Term] id: UBERON:0001988 name: feces -def: "Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus[MW,modified]" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feces, Wikipedia:Feces] +def: "Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus[MW,modified]." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feces, Wikipedia:Feces] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cow dung" NARROW [Wikipedia:Cow_dung] @@ -38394,7 +38394,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001990 name: middle cervical ganglion -def: "the small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001016] +def: "the small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001016] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion] @@ -38469,7 +38469,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Dense irregular connective tissue of the sk [Term] id: UBERON:0001993 name: reticular layer of dermis -def: "The thicker, deeper layer of the dermis, comprised of criss-crossing collagen fibers that form a strong elastic network and also containing blood and lymph vessels, nerves and nerve endings, and hair follicles" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005081] +def: "The thicker, deeper layer of the dermis, comprised of criss-crossing collagen fibers that form a strong elastic network and also containing blood and lymph vessels, nerves and nerve endings, and hair follicles." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005081] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dermal reticular layer" RELATED [EMAPA:35283] @@ -39018,7 +39018,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/p [Term] id: UBERON:0002015 name: kidney capsule -def: "the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney which is covered in a thick layer of perirenal adipose tissue that functions to provide some protection from trauma and damage" [MGI:anna, MP:0011383] +def: "the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney which is covered in a thick layer of perirenal adipose tissue that functions to provide some protection from trauma and damage." [MGI:anna, MP:0011383] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capsula fibrosa renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:66610, FMA:TA] @@ -39245,7 +39245,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrite [Term] id: UBERON:0002021 name: occipital lobe -def: "Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere (MSH)" [BIRNLEX:1136] +def: "Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere (MSH)." [BIRNLEX:1136] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -39384,7 +39384,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002025 name: stratum basale of epidermis -def: "the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001231] +def: "the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001231] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basal cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67540] @@ -39429,7 +39429,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "consisting of non-keratinized, viable cells, in [Term] id: UBERON:0002026 name: stratum spinosum of epidermis -def: "the layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001236] +def: "the layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001236] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epidermis prickle cell layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum spinosum" EXACT [] @@ -39458,7 +39458,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "Has cells that produce and secrete bipolar lipid [Term] id: UBERON:0002027 name: stratum corneum of epidermis -def: "the outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001240] +def: "the outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001240] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cornified layer" EXACT [] synonym: "epidermis stratum corneum" EXACT [] @@ -39689,7 +39689,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "When contracted the arrector pili causes the rai [Term] id: UBERON:0002034 name: suprachiasmatic nucleus -def: "* An ovoid densely packed collection of small cells of the anterior hypothalamus lying close to the midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm. (MSH) * small group of nerve cell bodies in the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus, just above the optic chiasm; influences rhythmic aspects of hypothalamic functions in many vertebrate species. (CSP)" [BIRNLEX:1325] +def: "* An ovoid densely packed collection of small cells of the anterior hypothalamus lying close to the midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm. (MSH) * small group of nerve cell bodies in the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus, just above the optic chiasm; influences rhythmic aspects of hypothalamic functions in many vertebrate species. (CSP)." [BIRNLEX:1325] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -40339,7 +40339,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002053 name: zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland -def: "the narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced" [MESH:A06.407.071.140.960, MGI:llw2, MP:0008293] +def: "the narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.960, MGI:llw2, MP:0008293] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona glomerulosa" EXACT [MA:0001891] @@ -40365,7 +40365,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002054 name: zona fasciculata of adrenal gland -def: "the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol (hydrocortisone)" [MESH:A06.407.071.140.950, MP:0008294] +def: "the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol (hydrocortisone)." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.950, MP:0008294] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona fasciculata" EXACT [MA:0001890] @@ -40389,7 +40389,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002055 name: zona reticularis of adrenal gland -def: "the inner zone of the adrenal cortex that produces the enzymes that convert pregnenolone, a 21-carbon steroid, to 19-carbon steroids" [MESH:A06.407.071.140.970, MP:0008295] +def: "the inner zone of the adrenal cortex that produces the enzymes that convert pregnenolone, a 21-carbon steroid, to 19-carbon steroids." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.970, MP:0008295] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona reticularis" EXACT [MA:0001892] @@ -40430,7 +40430,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002057 name: phrenic artery -def: "An artery that supplies the diaphragm" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An artery that supplies the diaphragm." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:37108 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:69330 @@ -40474,7 +40474,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Little is known about the development of parasym [Term] id: UBERON:0002059 name: submandibular ganglion -def: "the ganglion associated with the lingual nerve that provides postsynaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001035] +def: "the ganglion associated with the lingual nerve that provides postsynaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001035] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Blandin`s ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001318] @@ -40659,7 +40659,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Paired in gnathostomes; with only a vestige of the [Term] id: UBERON:0002065 name: posterior cardinal vein -def: "One of two paired cardinal veins that return blood from the body of the embryo[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Posterior_cardinal_vein] +def: "One of two paired cardinal veins that return blood from the body of the embryo[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Posterior_cardinal_vein] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -40802,7 +40802,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "urachal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002069 name: stratum granulosum of epidermis -def: "the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001239] +def: "the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001239] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epidermis granular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum granulosum" EXACT [] @@ -40994,7 +40994,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "general anatomical term in FMA. Note th [Term] id: UBERON:0002076 name: cuticle of hair -def: "smooth and glossy outer protective cell layer of hair shaft" [MGI:llw2, MP:0003810] +def: "smooth and glossy outer protective cell layer of hair shaft." [MGI:llw2, MP:0003810] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hair cuticle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:35388 @@ -41302,7 +41302,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial se [Term] id: UBERON:0002086 name: sinoatrial valve -def: "A valve at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial atrium[TFD,modified]" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sinoatrial+valve] +def: "A valve at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial atrium[TFD,modified]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sinoatrial+valve] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "sinoatrial valves" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0000680] @@ -41370,7 +41370,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002089 name: thoracodorsal vein -def: "companion vein of the thoracodorsal artery, draining the apical part of the latissimus dorsi and merging with the circumflex scapular vein to form a subscapular vein" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97559] +def: "companion vein of the thoracodorsal artery, draining the apical part of the latissimus dorsi and merging with the circumflex scapular vein to form a subscapular vein." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97559] xref: EMAPA:37198 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:71213 xref: MA:0002238 @@ -41501,7 +41501,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single memb [Term] id: UBERON:0002094 name: interventricular septum -def: "Cardiac septum which separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:7133] +def: "Cardiac septum which separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.[FMA]." [FMA:7133] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -41902,7 +41902,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for balance and hea [Term] id: UBERON:0002106 name: spleen -def: "the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000689] +def: "the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000689] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -42280,7 +42280,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube ab [Term] id: UBERON:0002115 name: jejunum -def: "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum" [MGI:monikat, MP:0004002] +def: "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum." [MGI:monikat, MP:0004002] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -42318,7 +42318,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The jejunum is the middle section of the small inte [Term] id: UBERON:0002116 name: ileum -def: "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002581] +def: "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002581] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -42446,7 +42446,7 @@ intersection_of: bounding_layer_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0002123 name: cortex of thymus -def: "the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002371] +def: "the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002371] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "thymic cortex" EXACT [BTO:0002934] synonym: "thymus cortex" EXACT [MA:0000767] @@ -42668,7 +42668,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of g id: UBERON:0002130 name: cerebellar nuclear complex alt_id: UBERON:0004007 -def: "The gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei[MP]" [MP:0009979, Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei] +def: "The gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei[MP]." [MP:0009979, Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] @@ -42705,7 +42705,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002131 name: anterior lobe of cerebellum -def: "the region of the cerebellum that is anterior to the primary fissure" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0009960] +def: "the region of the cerebellum that is anterior to the primary fissure." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0009960] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [] @@ -42740,7 +42740,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "responsible for mediating unconscious propriocep id: UBERON:0002132 name: dentate nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0008996 -def: "the largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009980] +def: "the largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009980] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentate cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1171] @@ -42879,7 +42879,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the ad [Term] id: UBERON:0002136 name: hilus of dentate gyrus -def: "Layer of the dentate gyrus lying deep to the granule cell layer, within the opening of the C or V formed by the granule cell layer characterized by loosely packed polymorphic cells" [BIRNLEX:1482] +def: "Layer of the dentate gyrus lying deep to the granule cell layer, within the opening of the C or V formed by the granule cell layer characterized by loosely packed polymorphic cells." [BIRNLEX:1482] comment: Merge with CA4? synonym: "CA4" RELATED [] synonym: "dentate gyrus hilus" EXACT [] @@ -42903,7 +42903,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 {source="NIFSTD"} ! dentate gyrus of hippoc [Term] id: UBERON:0002137 name: aortic valve -def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of aortic valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Aortic_valve] +def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of aortic valve.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Aortic_valve] comment: Human variation: It is normally tricuspid (with three leaflets), although in 1% of the population it is found to be congenitally bicuspid (two leaflets) subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -42933,7 +42933,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The valve between the left ventricle of the [Term] id: UBERON:0002138 name: habenulo-interpeduncular tract -def: "White matter tract containing fibers projecting from the habenular nuclei to the interpeduncular nucleus (Maryann Martone)" [BIRNLEX:1504] +def: "White matter tract containing fibers projecting from the habenular nuclei to the interpeduncular nucleus (Maryann Martone)." [BIRNLEX:1504] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus habenulo-interpeduncularis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:2318] synonym: "fasciculus retroflexi" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0000353] @@ -43011,7 +43011,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002140 name: parabigeminal nucleus -def: "Cholinergic cell group that is located ventral to the brachium of the inferior colliculus (in rat) and has reciprocal connectivity with the superior colliculus (Adapted from Paxinos, The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, 1995, pg 865" [BIRNLEX:1007] +def: "Cholinergic cell group that is located ventral to the brachium of the inferior colliculus (in rat) and has reciprocal connectivity with the superior colliculus (Adapted from Paxinos, The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, 1995, pg 865." [BIRNLEX:1007] synonym: "corpus parabigeminum" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:482] synonym: "nucleus isthmi" RELATED [VHOG:0001701] synonym: "nucleus parabigeminalis" EXACT [NeuroNames:482] @@ -43038,7 +43038,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Nucleus isthmi is present in the isthmus in most [Term] id: UBERON:0002141 name: parvocellular oculomotor nucleus -def: "Nucleus that is part of the oculomotor nerve complex consisting of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons situated close to the midline at the level of the superior colliculus (Heimer, the Human Brain and Spinal Cord, 1994, pg 244)" [BIRNLEX:822] +def: "Nucleus that is part of the oculomotor nerve complex consisting of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons situated close to the midline at the level of the superior colliculus (Heimer, the Human Brain and Spinal Cord, 1994, pg 244)." [BIRNLEX:822] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "accessory oculomotor nucleus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Edinger-westphal_nucleus] @@ -43422,7 +43422,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "we make the TAO class disjoint for now [Term] id: UBERON:0002151 name: pontine nuclear group -def: "Nuclei in the basal pons, intermingled among the descending axons from the cortex, that receive neocrotcial input and give rise to many axons that cross the midline to enter the contralateral cerebellum (Butler and Hodos, Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy, 2nd ed., 2005, pg 135)" [BIRNLEX:1516] +def: "Nuclei in the basal pons, intermingled among the descending axons from the cortex, that receive neocrotcial input and give rise to many axons that cross the midline to enter the contralateral cerebellum (Butler and Hodos, Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy, 2nd ed., 2005, pg 135)." [BIRNLEX:1516] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei brachii pontis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:617] synonym: "nuclei pontis" RELATED [BTO:0003396] @@ -43501,7 +43501,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/G id: UBERON:0002153 name: fastigial nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0008997 -def: "the most medial of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives its afferent input from Purkinje cells of the flocculonodular lobe and the vermis, and most of its efferent connections travel via the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the vestibular nuclei and to the medullary reticular formation" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009983] +def: "the most medial of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives its afferent input from Purkinje cells of the flocculonodular lobe and the vermis, and most of its efferent connections travel via the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the vestibular nuclei and to the medullary reticular formation." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009983] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fasciculosus thalamic nucleus" RELATED [BAMS:Fas] @@ -43702,7 +43702,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002159 name: medial accessory inferior olivary nucleus -def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] +def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] synonym: "inferior olivary complex, medial accessory olive" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive medial nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive, medial nucleus" EXACT [] @@ -43753,7 +43753,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="NIFSTD"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002161 name: gracile nucleus -def: "Nucleus in the caudal medulla that receive projections primarily from ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion cells via the posterior column of the spinal cord" [BIRNLEX:2643] +def: "Nucleus in the caudal medulla that receive projections primarily from ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion cells via the posterior column of the spinal cord." [BIRNLEX:2643] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Goll's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "golls nucleus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:2643] @@ -43957,7 +43957,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0002167 name: right lung -def: "Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_lung] +def: "Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_lung] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001730 @@ -43980,7 +43980,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0002168 name: left lung -def: "Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_lung] +def: "Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_lung] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0000943 @@ -44004,7 +44004,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon id: UBERON:0002169 name: alveolar sac alt_id: UBERON:0008871 -def: "The small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters" [MP:0010902, Wikipedia:Alveolar_sac] +def: "The small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters." [MP:0010902, Wikipedia:Alveolar_sac] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "air sac" RELATED [MP:0010902] @@ -44102,7 +44102,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002173 name: pulmonary alveolar duct -def: "the respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:cwg, MP:0002271] +def: "the respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:cwg, MP:0002271] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "alveolar duct" EXACT [MA:0000417] @@ -44402,7 +44402,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002185 name: bronchus -def: "the upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MESH:A04.411.125, MGI:cwg, MP:0002264] +def: "the upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MESH:A04.411.125, MGI:cwg, MP:0002264] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -44439,7 +44439,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the main bronchus is histologically iden [Term] id: UBERON:0002186 name: bronchiole -def: "the conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002267] +def: "the conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002267] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchioli" RELATED PLURAL [] @@ -44472,7 +44472,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "lacks submucosa and cartilage plates; they have [Term] id: UBERON:0002187 name: terminal bronchiole -def: "the last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002268] +def: "the last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002268] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchioli terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Terminal_bronchiole] @@ -44551,7 +44551,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "the superficial portion of the subcutaneous [Term] id: UBERON:0002191 name: subiculum -def: "Part of the hippocampal formation that is bounded by the entorhinal cortex and area CA1. It is characterized on the CA1 border by an abrupt widening of the pyramidal cell layer. A molecular layer is present that is continuous with that of CA1, although the stratum radiatum is no longer present. The stratum oriens is also not present. adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 468)" [BIRNLEX:1305] +def: "Part of the hippocampal formation that is bounded by the entorhinal cortex and area CA1. It is characterized on the CA1 border by an abrupt widening of the pyramidal cell layer. A molecular layer is present that is continuous with that of CA1, although the stratum radiatum is no longer present. The stratum oriens is also not present. adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 468)." [BIRNLEX:1305] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus parahippocampalis" RELATED [BTO:0003087] @@ -45152,7 +45152,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002209 name: fibrous joint -def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Fibrous_joint] +def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Fibrous_joint] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articulatio fibrosa" EXACT [] @@ -45173,7 +45173,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A joint where fibrous tissue such as ligame [Term] id: UBERON:0002210 name: syndesmosis -def: "Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the vertebral column and the limbs as well as articulating ossicles, are connected by skeletal ligaments or membranes. Examples: Intervertebral syndesmosis, inferior tibiofibular joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Syndesmosis] +def: "Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the vertebral column and the limbs as well as articulating ossicles, are connected by skeletal ligaments or membranes. Examples: Intervertebral syndesmosis, inferior tibiofibular joint.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Syndesmosis] subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:37465 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:7494 @@ -45208,7 +45208,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has 'central zone of nerve' which i [Term] id: UBERON:0002212 name: macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth -def: "the oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies" [MGI:anna, MP:0004330] +def: "the oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies." [MGI:anna, MP:0004330] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -45243,7 +45243,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002213 name: cartilaginous joint -def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cartilaginous_joint] +def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cartilaginous_joint] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [] @@ -45262,7 +45262,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0002214 name: macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth -def: "the neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences" [MGI:anna, MP:0004333] +def: "the neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences." [MGI:anna, MP:0004333] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -45297,7 +45297,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/B [Term] id: UBERON:0002215 name: synchondrosis -def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by hyaline cartilage. Examples: spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synchondrosis] +def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by hyaline cartilage. Examples: spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synchondrosis] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago epiphysialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7497, FMA:TA] @@ -45318,7 +45318,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "WP considers epiphyseal plates as subtypes of this" [Term] id: UBERON:0002216 name: symphysis -def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Symphysis] +def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Symphysis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "secondary cartilaginous joint" EXACT [FMA:7498] xref: EMAPA:37758 {source="MA:th"} @@ -45334,7 +45334,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider adding fibrocartilage class" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002217 name: synovial joint -def: "Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]" [FMA:7501, Wikipedia:Synovial_joint] +def: "Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]." [FMA:7501, Wikipedia:Synovial_joint] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -45749,7 +45749,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Multicellular mucous glands of the olfactor [Term] id: UBERON:0002233 name: tectorial membrane of cochlea -def: "The overlaying membrane of the cochlear duct, an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells; sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia, and leads to fluctuations in hair cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals[MP,modified]" [J:77634, MGI:anna, MP:0003149] +def: "The overlaying membrane of the cochlear duct, an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells; sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia, and leads to fluctuations in hair cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals[MP,modified]." [J:77634, MGI:anna, MP:0003149] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tectorial membrane" EXACT [MA:0001199] @@ -45820,7 +45820,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0002236 name: costal cartilage -def: "the nonvascular, resilient, flexible hyaline connective tissue that connects the end of a true rib to the sternum or the end of a false rib with the with the lower border of the costal cartilage above it" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006432] +def: "the nonvascular, resilient, flexible hyaline connective tissue that connects the end of a true rib to the sternum or the end of a false rib with the with the lower border of the costal cartilage above it." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006432] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilagines costales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage] @@ -45898,7 +45898,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "We synonymize 'free rib' with 'floating rib' [Term] id: UBERON:0002240 name: spinal cord -def: "Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. (CUMBO)" [BIRNLEX:1709] +def: "Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. (CUMBO)." [BIRNLEX:1709] subset: cumbo subset: efo_slim subset: major_organ @@ -45984,7 +45984,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "covers the brain dorsally in chondrichthyans" xsd:s [Term] id: UBERON:0002242 name: nucleus pulposus -def: "the jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord" [MGI:llw2, MP:0006392] +def: "the jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord." [MGI:llw2, MP:0006392] comment: Function noyes: It functions to distribute hydraulic pressure in all directions within each disc under compressive loads. subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -46015,7 +46015,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The nucleus pulposus consists of chondrocytes, [Term] id: UBERON:0002243 name: cutaneous vein -def: "one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cutaneous+vein] +def: "one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cutaneous+vein] xref: EMAPA:37506 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:76720 xref: MA:0002098 @@ -46133,7 +46133,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Clarke's column (column of Clarke, dorsal n [Term] id: UBERON:0002247 name: uterine horn -def: "either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet; uterine horns are anterior Mullerian duct-derived structures" [MGI:anna, MP:0009085] +def: "either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet; uterine horns are anterior Mullerian duct-derived structures." [MGI:anna, MP:0009085] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cornu uteri" RELATED [BTO:0004235] @@ -46172,7 +46172,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002249 name: median artery -def: "An artery found in the forearm, between the radial artery and ulnar artery. It runs with the median nerve and supplies the same structures as that nerve. It may be unilateral or bilater" [Wikipedia:Median_artery] +def: "An artery found in the forearm, between the radial artery and ulnar artery. It runs with the median nerve and supplies the same structures as that nerve. It may be unilateral or bilater." [Wikipedia:Median_artery] xref: EMAPA:37103 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:77142 xref: MA:0001999 @@ -46229,7 +46229,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002252 name: splenius -def: "A superficial postvertebral muscle innervated by the posterior ramus of the cervical spinal nerve with origins in the upper thoracic and lower cervical spinous processes whose actions are to extend and ipsilaterally rotate the head and neck. Examples: splenius capitis, splenius cervicis" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Splenius] +def: "A superficial postvertebral muscle innervated by the posterior ramus of the cervical spinal nerve with origins in the upper thoracic and lower cervical spinous processes whose actions are to extend and ipsilaterally rotate the head and neck. Examples: splenius capitis, splenius cervicis." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Splenius] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "splenius muscle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:37701 {source="MA:th"} @@ -46247,7 +46247,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Muscle of neck in MA" xsd:string {exter [Term] id: UBERON:0002254 name: thyroglossal duct -def: "An embryological anatomical structure that forms an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position; it is located exactly midline, between the anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rd of the tongue; this duct normally atrophies and closes off as the foramen cecum before birth" [MP:0013235] +def: "An embryological anatomical structure that forms an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position; it is located exactly midline, between the anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rd of the tongue; this duct normally atrophies and closes off as the foramen cecum before birth." [MP:0013235] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus thyroglossalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct] @@ -46658,7 +46658,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Note that in uberon 'main olfactory bulb' is a sepa [Term] id: UBERON:0002265 name: olfactory tract -def: "White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to other parts of the brain" [BIRNLEX:1663, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0471888893, Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract] +def: "White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to other parts of the brain." [BIRNLEX:1663, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0471888893, Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "olfactory peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0003647] @@ -46695,7 +46695,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in animals with a long snout, the olfactory tract i [Term] id: UBERON:0002266 name: anterior olfactory nucleus -def: "Laminated structure lying caudal to the olfactory bulb" [BIRNLEX:1085] +def: "Laminated structure lying caudal to the olfactory bulb." [BIRNLEX:1085] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior olfactory cortex" RELATED [BTO:0003649] synonym: "AON" RELATED [BTO:0003649] @@ -47121,7 +47121,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Extended in mouse compared to human" xsd:string {so [Term] id: UBERON:0002285 name: telencephalic ventricle -def: "A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Lateral_ventricle] +def: "A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Lateral_ventricle] comment: modeled as space in EHDAA2 subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -47179,7 +47179,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains [Term] id: UBERON:0002286 name: third ventricle -def: "Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large cavity in the midline of the diencephalon; it is continuous with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen and the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct. (Maryann Martone)" [BIRNLEX:714] +def: "Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large cavity in the midline of the diencephalon; it is continuous with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen and the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct. (Maryann Martone)." [BIRNLEX:714] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -47226,7 +47226,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains [Term] id: UBERON:0002287 name: optic recess of third ventricle -def: "Recess in third ventricle lying in front of the optic chiasm at the base of the lamina terminalis" [NLX:144280] +def: "Recess in third ventricle lying in front of the optic chiasm at the base of the lamina terminalis." [NLX:144280] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "optic recess" EXACT [] @@ -47265,7 +47265,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The optic recess of the third ventricle, i. [Term] id: UBERON:0002288 name: choroid plexus of third ventricle -def: "Part of choroid plexus contained in the third ventricle" [NLX:18606] +def: "Part of choroid plexus contained in the third ventricle." [NLX:18606] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -47297,7 +47297,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle id: UBERON:0002289 name: midbrain cerebral aqueduct alt_id: UBERON:0005684 -def: "Part of ventricular system of brain consisting of a narrow channel in the midbrain connecting the third and fourth ventricles. (Maryann Martone)" [BIRNLEX:1261] +def: "Part of ventricular system of brain consisting of a narrow channel in the midbrain connecting the third and fourth ventricles. (Maryann Martone)." [BIRNLEX:1261] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -47359,7 +47359,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains [Term] id: UBERON:0002290 name: choroid plexus of fourth ventricle -def: "Choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle" [NLX:27388] +def: "Choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle." [NLX:27388] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -47511,7 +47511,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/D [Term] id: UBERON:0002295 name: scala media -def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti (the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing)" [MGI:anna, MP:0003169, PMID:1680563] +def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti (the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing)." [MGI:anna, MP:0003169, PMID:1680563] comment: located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Scala media houses the organ of Corti. [Wikipedia:Scala_media] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -47689,7 +47689,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002302 name: myocardium of atrium -def: "the atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010493] +def: "the atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010493] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -47790,7 +47790,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "protects the olfactory epithelium and allows odo [Term] id: UBERON:0002307 name: choroid plexus of lateral ventricle -def: "Part of choroid plexus contained in the lateral ventricle" [NLX:32548] +def: "Part of choroid plexus contained in the lateral ventricle." [NLX:32548] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [] @@ -48147,7 +48147,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 {source="GO"} ! renal glomerulus vasculatur [Term] id: UBERON:0002321 name: extraglomerular mesangium -def: "the tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011340] +def: "the tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011340] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:28278 xref: FMA:84141 @@ -48474,7 +48474,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "As in birds, the conus arteriosus split during e [Term] id: UBERON:0002334 name: submandibular duct -def: "the duct of the submadibular gland that opens at the sublingual papilla near the frenulum of the tongue" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009525] +def: "the duct of the submadibular gland that opens at the sublingual papilla near the frenulum of the tongue." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009525] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus submandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0004556] @@ -48520,7 +48520,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "not part of a nephron or distal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0002336 name: corpus callosum -def: "White matter structure containing massive numbers of commissural fibers connecting cortical areas in the two cerebral hemispheres.it is subdivided into a genu, a rostrum, a body, and a splenium. (MM)" [BIRNLEX:1087] +def: "White matter structure containing massive numbers of commissural fibers connecting cortical areas in the two cerebral hemispheres.it is subdivided into a genu, a rostrum, a body, and a splenium. (MM)." [BIRNLEX:1087] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -48864,7 +48864,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "The visceral pericardium apparently produces the [Term] id: UBERON:0002349 name: myocardium -def: "the middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005329] +def: "the middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005329] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -48912,7 +48912,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "myocardial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002350 name: conducting system of heart -def: "The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]" [GO:0003161] +def: "The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]." [GO:0003161] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -49039,7 +49039,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac compo [Term] id: UBERON:0002353 name: bundle of His -def: "A part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers[GO]" [GO:0003166, GOC:mtg_heart] +def: "A part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers[GO]." [GO:0003166, GOC:mtg_heart] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "A-V bundle" RELATED [EMAPA:35152] @@ -49075,7 +49075,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/E id: UBERON:0002354 name: cardiac Purkinje fiber alt_id: UBERON:0004147 -def: "The cardiac Purkinje fiber is part of the cardiac conduction system that receives signals from the bundle of His and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle" [GO:0003165] +def: "The cardiac Purkinje fiber is part of the cardiac conduction system that receives signals from the bundle of His and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle." [GO:0003165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cardiac Purkinje fiber" EXACT [BTO:0001735, GO:0003165] @@ -49220,7 +49220,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "peritoneal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002359 name: fibrous pericardium -def: "Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]" [FMA:9586] +def: "Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]." [FMA:9586] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fibrous portion of pericardium" EXACT [] @@ -49434,7 +49434,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In particular, a tympanic membrane was not prese [Term] id: UBERON:0002365 name: exocrine gland -def: "A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas" [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland] +def: "A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas." [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -49461,7 +49461,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Currently this is logically defined by the system i [Term] id: UBERON:0002366 name: bulbo-urethral gland -def: "Any of the small paired racemose glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle; homologous to the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands in the female[MP]" [MP:anna, Wikipedia:Bulbourethral_gland] +def: "Any of the small paired racemose glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle; homologous to the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands in the female[MP]." [MP:anna, Wikipedia:Bulbourethral_gland] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -49669,7 +49669,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "A thymus develops in all vertebrates from the en [Term] id: UBERON:0002371 name: bone marrow -def: "the soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002397] +def: "the soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002397] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -49713,7 +49713,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The bone marrow is the hematopoietic organ in al [Term] id: UBERON:0002372 name: tonsil -def: "either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002380] +def: "either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002380] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -50350,7 +50350,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002392 name: nasolacrimal duct -def: "the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008969] +def: "the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008969] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "d. nasolacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasolacrimal_duct] @@ -50387,7 +50387,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "the nasolacrimal duct, the sac is lined by stra [Term] id: UBERON:0002393 name: pharyngotympanic tube -def: "Organ with organ cavity which connects the cavity of the middle ear to the cavity of the pharynx. Examples: There are only two pharyngotympanic tubes, the right and the left pharyngotympanic tubes.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Eustachian_tube] +def: "Organ with organ cavity which connects the cavity of the middle ear to the cavity of the pharynx. Examples: There are only two pharyngotympanic tubes, the right and the left pharyngotympanic tubes.[FMA]." [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Eustachian_tube] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -50498,7 +50498,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The talus is apparently derived from the fusion of [Term] id: UBERON:0002396 name: vomer -def: "the triangular flat bone of the nasal septum" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000098] +def: "the triangular flat bone of the nasal septum." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000098] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -50896,7 +50896,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002409 name: pericardial fluid -def: "Transudate contained in the pericardial cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:9887, Wikipedia:Pericardial_fluid] +def: "Transudate contained in the pericardial cavity.[FMA]." [FMA:9887, Wikipedia:Pericardial_fluid] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001016 xref: FMA:9887 @@ -50957,7 +50957,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a [Term] id: UBERON:0002411 name: clitoris -def: "the small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0003127] +def: "the small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0003127] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -51073,7 +51073,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Whereas all rats had six lumbar vertebrae, variable [Term] id: UBERON:0002415 name: tail -def: "An external caudal extension of the body. In chordates, the tail is post-anal, in other animals the anus ends in the tail" [AEO:0000109, Wikipedia:Tail] +def: "An external caudal extension of the body. In chordates, the tail is post-anal, in other animals the anus ends in the tail." [AEO:0000109, Wikipedia:Tail] subset: efo_slim subset: grouping_class subset: pheno_slim @@ -51354,7 +51354,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains [Term] id: UBERON:0002423 name: hepatobiliary system -def: "The part of the digestive system that contains the liver and the biliary system" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The part of the digestive system that contains the liver and the biliary system." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -51393,7 +51393,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for me [Term] id: UBERON:0002424 name: oral epithelium -def: "An epithelium that is part of the mouth and lines the oral cavity, typically stratified squamous, and may be para-, ortho- or non- keratinized. Primary barrier between oral environment and deeper tissues" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An epithelium that is part of the mouth and lines the oral cavity, typically stratified squamous, and may be para-, ortho- or non- keratinized. Primary barrier between oral environment and deeper tissues." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelium of mucosa of mouth" EXACT [FMA:265152] synonym: "epithelium of oral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:265152] @@ -51571,7 +51571,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0006964 [Term] id: UBERON:0002432 name: pars intermedia of adenohypophysis -def: "the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults" [MGI:csmith, MP:0008130] +def: "the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults." [MGI:csmith, MP:0008130] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -51641,7 +51641,7 @@ id: UBERON:0002434 name: pituitary stalk alt_id: UBERON:0003014 alt_id: UBERON:0014606 -def: "the apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009463] +def: "the apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009463] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -51964,7 +51964,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002441 name: cervicothoracic ganglion -def: "the group of neurons formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A08.340.315.350.800, MP:0001017] +def: "the group of neurons formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A08.340.315.350.800, MP:0001017] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervicothoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] @@ -52023,7 +52023,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid [Term] id: UBERON:0002444 name: lens fiber -def: "A region of the lens consisting of packed elongated enucleate cells packed with crystallin" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A region of the lens consisting of packed elongated enucleate cells packed with crystallin." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fibrae lentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76827, FMA:TA] synonym: "lens fibers" EXACT [] @@ -52091,7 +52091,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "this bone is termed the triquetral bone in so [Term] id: UBERON:0002446 name: patella -def: "A large sesamoid bone found in the distal femur/proximal tibial region of the hindlimb of tetrapods. The patella is the attachment site for proximal hindlimb tendons.[PHENOSCAPE:ad]" [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834, PHENOSCAPE:ad] +def: "A large sesamoid bone found in the distal femur/proximal tibial region of the hindlimb of tetrapods. The patella is the attachment site for proximal hindlimb tendons.[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834, PHENOSCAPE:ad] comment: The patella, also known as the knee cap or kneepan, is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella has convergently evolved in placental mammals and birds; marsupials have only rudimentary, non-ossified patellae. In more primitive tetrapods, including living amphibians and reptiles, the muscle tendons from the upper leg are attached directly to the tibia, and the patella is not present. See also: fabella. subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -52142,7 +52142,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! roof of mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0002448 name: fungiform papilla -def: "Any of the mushroom-shaped papillae, which have a single taste bud at the tip, located mostly on the dorsal anterior portion of the tongue" [MGI:smb, MP:0006257] +def: "Any of the mushroom-shaped papillae, which have a single taste bud at the tip, located mostly on the dorsal anterior portion of the tongue." [MGI:smb, MP:0006257] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fungiform papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54821] @@ -52169,7 +52169,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In the mouse, Fungiform and palatal taste buds are [Term] id: UBERON:0002450 name: decidua -def: "The maternal uterine-derived portion of the placenta" [MP:0004256, PMID:11433360] +def: "The maternal uterine-derived portion of the placenta." [MP:0004256, PMID:11433360] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "decidous membrane" EXACT [FMA:85538] @@ -52237,7 +52237,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "simple or branched tubular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002453 name: ethmoid sinus -def: "the evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the ethmoidal bony labyrinth, forming multiple small paranasal sinuses" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002245] +def: "the evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the ethmoidal bony labyrinth, forming multiple small paranasal sinuses." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002245] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cellulae ethmoidales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_sinus] @@ -52324,7 +52324,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MA has both mammary and thoracic" xsd:s id: UBERON:0002457 name: intersomitic artery alt_id: UBERON:0006001 -def: "The small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries" [MP:0010662] +def: "The small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries." [MP:0010662] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intersegmental arteries" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0001061] @@ -52404,7 +52404,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002461 name: anterior abdominal wall muscle -def: "Any skeletal muscle organ that is part of a anterior abdominal wall. Examples: the obliques, pyramidalis and transversus abdominus" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any skeletal muscle organ that is part of a anterior abdominal wall. Examples: the obliques, pyramidalis and transversus abdominus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "muscle of anterior abdominal wall" EXACT [FMA:20278] synonym: "ventral abdominal wall muscle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0000125 @@ -52598,7 +52598,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002468 name: foliate papilla -def: "Any of the papillae located on the sides of the tongue" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006259] +def: "Any of the papillae located on the sides of the tongue." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006259] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "foliate papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54823] @@ -52656,7 +52656,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0002470 name: autopod region -def: "Terminal segment of free limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/303, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Terminal segment of free limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/303, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -52809,7 +52809,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002476 name: lateral globus pallidus -def: "The more lateral of the two segments of the globus pallidus, abutting the putamen" [BIRNLEX:1610] +def: "The more lateral of the two segments of the globus pallidus, abutting the putamen." [BIRNLEX:1610] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "external pallidum" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1610] @@ -52937,7 +52937,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The medial globus pallidus (or internal, GP [Term] id: UBERON:0002478 name: orbitosphenoid -def: "the bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004457] +def: "the bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004457] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ala minor (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52869] @@ -53103,7 +53103,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0002483 name: trabecular bone tissue -def: "bone tissue that has a lattice-like or spongy structure; it is highly vascular and contains intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0000130] +def: "bone tissue that has a lattice-like or spongy structure; it is highly vascular and contains intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0000130] comment: one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compared to compact bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue, it has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occurs at the ends of long bones, proximal to joints and within the interior of vertebrae. Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells, occurs. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cancellous bone is the trabecula. subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -53133,7 +53133,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002484 name: bone marrow cavity -def: "the medullary cavities of the bones where bone marrow is stored" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000065, PMID:10709991] +def: "the medullary cavities of the bones where bone marrow is stored." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000065, PMID:10709991] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cavity of cancellous bone" EXACT [] synonym: "marrow cavity" EXACT [FMA:83698] @@ -53174,7 +53174,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003820 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! prostate b [Term] id: UBERON:0002486 name: glottis -def: "the vocal apparatus of the larynx, which includes the vocal cords and the opening between them" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002255] +def: "the vocal apparatus of the larynx, which includes the vocal cords and the opening between them." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002255] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0010610 @@ -53196,7 +53196,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A small, slit-like aperture lying longitudi [Term] id: UBERON:0002487 name: tooth cavity -def: "the central hollow space of a tooth" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002819] +def: "the central hollow space of a tooth." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002819] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas dentis" EXACT [] @@ -53241,7 +53241,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0002489 name: coronal suture -def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones and the frontal bone" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003840] +def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones and the frontal bone." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003840] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coronal suture of skull" EXACT [] @@ -53290,7 +53290,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in humans, the frontal suture is a dense connective [Term] id: UBERON:0002491 name: lambdoid suture -def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the occipital bone" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003841] +def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the occipital bone." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003841] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lambdoid suture of skull" EXACT [] @@ -53312,7 +53312,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Gray188-Lambdoid:suture.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0002492 name: sagittal suture -def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones" [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003843] +def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003843] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sagittal suture of skull" EXACT [] @@ -53332,7 +53332,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/K [Term] id: UBERON:0002493 name: uterine artery -def: "the branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina" [MGI:monikat, MP:0003995] +def: "the branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina." [MGI:monikat, MP:0003995] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria uterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uterine_artery] @@ -53352,7 +53352,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002494 name: papillary muscle of heart -def: "one of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle" [MGI:anna, MP:0004058] +def: "one of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle." [MGI:anna, MP:0004058] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus papillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Papillary_muscle] @@ -53449,7 +53449,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Anterior rounded projection of the pars acr [Term] id: UBERON:0002498 name: deltopectoral crest -def: "a rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004353] +def: "a rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004353] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "crista ventralis" EXACT [AAO:0000736] @@ -53497,7 +53497,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "we follow the FMA in placing this in the membranous [Term] id: UBERON:0002500 name: zygomatic arch -def: "the bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004469] +def: "the bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004469] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcus zygomaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_arch] @@ -53523,7 +53523,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "The zygomatic arch is occasionally referred t [Term] id: UBERON:0002501 name: oval window -def: "the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004479] +def: "the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004479] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fenestra ovalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oval_window] @@ -53545,7 +53545,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002502 name: round window of inner ear -def: "the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004480] +def: "the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004480] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlear window" RELATED [MA:0002814] @@ -53662,7 +53662,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0002508 name: celiac lymph node -def: "the visceral glands that are associated with the branches of the celiac artery, including the gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal (splenic) lymph nodes" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009626] +def: "the visceral glands that are associated with the branches of the celiac artery, including the gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal (splenic) lymph nodes." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009626] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aJCC level 20 node" RELATED [FMA:12792] @@ -53726,7 +53726,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "TAO:0001739 anterior cranial fontanel i [Term] id: UBERON:0002511 name: trabecula carnea -def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart" [MGI:monikat, MP:0004067] +def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart." [MGI:monikat, MP:0004067] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac trabecula" RELATED [GO:0060347] synonym: "columnae carneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trabeculae_carneae] @@ -53829,7 +53829,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, [Term] id: UBERON:0002515 name: periosteum -def: "the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010971] +def: "the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010971] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001022 @@ -53909,7 +53909,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "basicranial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002518 name: otolith organ -def: "the crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane)" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0002894] +def: "the crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0002894] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -53938,7 +53938,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, as in other vertebrates, the vestibul [Term] id: UBERON:0002519 name: otolithic part of statoconial membrane -def: "The layer of the statoconial membrane that is composed of otoliths" [PMID:2482728] +def: "The layer of the statoconial membrane that is composed of otoliths." [PMID:2482728] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "membrana statoconiorum" BROAD LATIN [FMA:75573, FMA:TA] @@ -54080,7 +54080,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002526 name: lumbar lymph node -def: "The lumbar lymph nodes (paraaortic nodes) are a group of lymph nodes residing in the lumbar region. They consist of the following groups: right and left lateral aortic lymph nodes preaortic lymph nodes retroaortic lymph nodes (or 'postaortic')" [Wikipedia:Lumbar_lymph_nodes] +def: "The lumbar lymph nodes (paraaortic nodes) are a group of lymph nodes residing in the lumbar region. They consist of the following groups: right and left lateral aortic lymph nodes preaortic lymph nodes retroaortic lymph nodes (or 'postaortic')." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_lymph_nodes] synonym: "aortocaval lymph node" RELATED [FMA:84599] synonym: "aortocaval node" RELATED [FMA:84599] synonym: "area 16 lymph node" RELATED [FMA:84599] @@ -54156,7 +54156,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has both limb segment and free limb id: UBERON:0002530 name: gland alt_id: UBERON:MIAA_0000021 -def: "an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ" [MGI:csmith, MP:0002163] +def: "an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002163] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -54217,7 +54217,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Embryonic surface structure that develops i [Term] id: UBERON:0002532 name: epiblast (generic) -def: "In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]" [Wikipedia:Epiblast, ZFIN:curator] +def: "In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Epiblast, ZFIN:curator] subset: early_development subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim @@ -54304,7 +54304,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0002536 name: arthropod sensillum -def: "Sense organ embedded in the integument and consisting of one or a cluster of sensory neurons and associated sensory structures, support cells and glial cells forming a single organised unit with a largely bona-fide boundary.[FBbt]" [FBbt:00007152, Wikipedia:Sensillum] +def: "Sense organ embedded in the integument and consisting of one or a cluster of sensory neurons and associated sensory structures, support cells and glial cells forming a single organised unit with a largely bona-fide boundary.[FBbt]." [FBbt:00007152, Wikipedia:Sensillum] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sensillum" EXACT [FBbt:00007152, HAO:0000933] @@ -54440,7 +54440,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely [Term] id: UBERON:0002541 name: germ ring -def: "The thickend rim of the blastoderm evident during late blastula and gastrula stages[FishBase]. Embryonic structure which is a uniform thickened annulus at the blastoderm margin, consisting of two layers in addition to the EVL, the epiblast and the hypoblast. The germ ring is formed by the involution of the blastoderm back upon itself[ZFA]" [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=germ%20ring] +def: "The thickend rim of the blastoderm evident during late blastula and gastrula stages[FishBase]. Embryonic structure which is a uniform thickened annulus at the blastoderm margin, consisting of two layers in addition to the EVL, the epiblast and the hypoblast. The germ ring is formed by the involution of the blastoderm back upon itself[ZFA]." [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=germ%20ring] subset: early_development subset: efo_slim xref: AAO:0000211 @@ -54574,7 +54574,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "The term placode or placodes also applies to [Term] id: UBERON:0002547 name: tadpole -def: "An an organism at the tadpole stage" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An an organism at the tadpole stage." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tadpole stage" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001347 @@ -54672,7 +54672,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002551 name: interstitial nucleus of Cajal -def: "The largest and most prominent of the cell groups of the medial longitudinal fasciculus" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The largest and most prominent of the cell groups of the medial longitudinal fasciculus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "ICjl" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1008, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "interstitial nucleus" BROAD [FMA:72432] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of Cajal" RELATED [BAMS:INC] @@ -54819,7 +54819,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0002559 name: medullary reticular formation -def: "The reticular formation is a series of brain nuclei located in the medulla oblongata" [GO:0021723] +def: "The reticular formation is a series of brain nuclei located in the medulla oblongata." [GO:0021723] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72241] @@ -54868,7 +54868,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "ZFA:0000421 is part of the the medulla [Term] id: UBERON:0002560 name: temporal operculum -def: "Part of temporal lobe overlaying the insular cortex" [BIRNLEX:1025] +def: "Part of temporal lobe overlaying the insular cortex." [BIRNLEX:1025] synonym: "facies supratemporalis" EXACT [FMA:74891] synonym: "operculum temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_(brain)] xref: BAMS:TOp @@ -54884,7 +54884,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002561 name: lumen of central nervous system -def: "The cavity that is enclosed by the central nervous system. In vertebrates this is the cavity that includes as parts ventricular cavities and the central canal of the spinal cord that develops from the lumen of the neura tube" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The cavity that is enclosed by the central nervous system. In vertebrates this is the cavity that includes as parts ventricular cavities and the central canal of the spinal cord that develops from the lumen of the neura tube." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cavity of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "cavity of ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "neuraxis cavity" EXACT [FMA:75007] @@ -55484,7 +55484,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002589 name: lateral corticospinal tract -def: "Part of the corticospinal tract located in the spinal cord, formed as 75 to 90% of the corticospinal fibers cross to the opposite side of the brainstem in the pyramidal decussation. This tract descends the length of the spinal cord in the lateral white column (Adapted from Brain Info)" [BIRNLEX:1095] +def: "Part of the corticospinal tract located in the spinal cord, formed as 75 to 90% of the corticospinal fibers cross to the opposite side of the brainstem in the pyramidal decussation. This tract descends the length of the spinal cord in the lateral white column (Adapted from Brain Info)." [BIRNLEX:1095] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corticospinal tract, crossed" EXACT [MBA:1019] @@ -55581,7 +55581,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002592 name: juxtarestiform body -def: "Fibers interconnecting the cerebellum and vestibular nuclei, traveling medial to the restiform body (inferior cerebellar peduncle) (Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., pg 497)" [BIRNLEX:1101] +def: "Fibers interconnecting the cerebellum and vestibular nuclei, traveling medial to the restiform body (inferior cerebellar peduncle) (Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., pg 497)." [BIRNLEX:1101] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus juxtarestiforme" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:779] xref: BAMS:jrb @@ -55636,7 +55636,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002595 name: orbital sulcus -def: "The inferior or orbital surface of the frontal lobe is concave, and rests on the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is divided into four orbital gyri by a well-marked H-shaped orbital sulcus" [Wikipedia:Orbital_sulcus] +def: "The inferior or orbital surface of the frontal lobe is concave, and rests on the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is divided into four orbital gyri by a well-marked H-shaped orbital sulcus." [Wikipedia:Orbital_sulcus] synonym: "cruciate sulcus of campbell" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1112] synonym: "orbital sulci" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:83770] synonym: "ORBS" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1112, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] @@ -55790,7 +55790,7 @@ disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIFSTD"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002600 name: limbic lobe -def: "Part of cerebral hemisphere located on the medial surface, forming a ring around the brain stem" [BIRNLEX:1128] +def: "Part of cerebral hemisphere located on the medial surface, forming a ring around the brain stem." [BIRNLEX:1128] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fornicate convolution" RELATED [NeuroNames:834] @@ -55851,7 +55851,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - existing definitions, synonyms and relations id: UBERON:0002602 name: emboliform nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0004071 -def: "the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009981] +def: "the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009981] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538] @@ -56268,7 +56268,7 @@ consider: SCTID:119408004 [Term] id: UBERON:0002620 name: tuber cinereum -def: "Part of hypothalamus consisting of hollow eminence of gray matter situated between the mammilary bodies and the optic chiasm visible on the basal surface of the brain (adapted from Wikipedia)" [BIRNLEX:1189, Wikipedia:Tuber_cinereum] +def: "Part of hypothalamus consisting of hollow eminence of gray matter situated between the mammilary bodies and the optic chiasm visible on the basal surface of the brain (adapted from Wikipedia)." [BIRNLEX:1189, Wikipedia:Tuber_cinereum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "TBCN" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1189, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "tuber cinereum area" RELATED [NeuroNames:1782] @@ -56380,7 +56380,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002624 name: orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus -def: "Component of the inferior frontal gyrus.defined as the first gyrus from the precentral gyrus.the remainder of the inferior frontal gyrus once the pars opercularis and triangularis have been defined (Christine Fennema-Notestine)., NeuroNames" [BIRNLEX:1207] +def: "Component of the inferior frontal gyrus.defined as the first gyrus from the precentral gyrus.the remainder of the inferior frontal gyrus once the pars opercularis and triangularis have been defined (Christine Fennema-Notestine)., NeuroNames." [BIRNLEX:1207] synonym: "brodmann's area 36" RELATED [NeuroNames:2410] synonym: "gyrus frontalis inferior, pars orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61982, FMA:TA] synonym: "inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part" EXACT [FMA:61982] @@ -56435,7 +56435,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area [Term] id: UBERON:0002626 name: head of caudate nucleus -def: "Largest part of the caudate nucleus lying lateral to and protruding into the anterior of the lateral ventricle" [BIRNLEX:1212] +def: "Largest part of the caudate nucleus lying lateral to and protruding into the anterior of the lateral ventricle." [BIRNLEX:1212] synonym: "caput (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61852] synonym: "caput nuclei caudati" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:227] synonym: "caudate nuclear head" EXACT [FMA:61852] @@ -56468,7 +56468,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body [Term] id: UBERON:0002628 name: tail of caudate nucleus -def: "Narrowest part of the caudate nucleus, roughtly defined as that portion that curves ventrally from the body of the caudate nucleus, following the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle" [BIRNLEX:1215] +def: "Narrowest part of the caudate nucleus, roughtly defined as that portion that curves ventrally from the body of the caudate nucleus, following the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle." [BIRNLEX:1215] synonym: "cauda (caudatus)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:229] synonym: "cauda nuclei caudati" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:229] synonym: "caudate nuclear tail" EXACT [FMA:61854] @@ -56511,7 +56511,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002998 {source="FMA"} ! inferior frontal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002630 name: body of caudate nucleus -def: "Part of caudate nucleus lying just dorsal to the thalamus" [BIRNLEX:1217] +def: "Part of caudate nucleus lying just dorsal to the thalamus." [BIRNLEX:1217] synonym: "body of the caudate nucleus" RELATED [NeuroNames:228] synonym: "caudate body" RELATED [FMA:61853] synonym: "caudate nuclear body" EXACT [FMA:61853] @@ -56656,7 +56656,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "this in ZFA this is part of the medulla [Term] id: UBERON:0002634 name: anterior nucleus of hypothalamus -def: "a loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum" [MESH:A08.186.211.730.317.357.342.063, MP:0008848] +def: "a loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.317.357.342.063, MP:0008848] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "AH" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1226, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] @@ -56787,7 +56787,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002981 ! pulvinar nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002639 name: midbrain reticular formation -def: "Part of the reticular formation located in the midbrain tegmentum" [BIRNLEX:1235] +def: "Part of the reticular formation located in the midbrain tegmentum." [BIRNLEX:1235] synonym: "formatio reticularis mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:501] synonym: "formatio reticularis tegmentalis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:501] synonym: "formatio reticularis tegmenti mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:501] @@ -56856,7 +56856,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002981 ! pulvinar nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002642 name: cuneate fasciculus of medulla -def: "Part of cuneate fasciculus found in the medulla" [BIRNLEX:1242] +def: "Part of cuneate fasciculus found in the medulla." [BIRNLEX:1242] synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus (myelencephali)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72623, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oromedialis (Hassler)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:2190] xref: BAMS:cu @@ -56926,7 +56926,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002739 {source="NIFSTD"} ! medial dorsal nucleus o [Term] id: UBERON:0002646 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of medulla -def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located in the medulla" [BIRNLEX:1257] +def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located in the medulla." [BIRNLEX:1257] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of the medulla" RELATED [NeuroNames:783] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis (myelencephali)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:783] @@ -56986,7 +56986,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002649 name: dorsolateral fasciculus of medulla -def: "Part of Lissauer's tract located in the medulla" [BIRNLEX:1267] +def: "Part of Lissauer's tract located in the medulla." [BIRNLEX:1267] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsolateral fasciculus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1267] synonym: "dorsolateral fasciculus of the medulla" RELATED [NeuroNames:782] @@ -57042,7 +57042,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002739 {source="FMA"} ! medial dorsal nucleus of t [Term] id: UBERON:0002651 name: anterior horn of lateral ventricle -def: "Part of the lateral ventricle that extends anteriorly into the frontal lobes, bordered by the head of the caudate nucleus on the lateral side (Adapted from Heimer, 1996)" [BIRNLEX:1279] +def: "Part of the lateral ventricle that extends anteriorly into the frontal lobes, bordered by the head of the caudate nucleus on the lateral side (Adapted from Heimer, 1996)." [BIRNLEX:1279] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520] synonym: "cornu anterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle] @@ -57085,7 +57085,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002653 name: gracile fasciculus of medulla -def: "Part of gracile fasiculus located in the medulla" [BIRNLEX:1282] +def: "Part of gracile fasiculus located in the medulla." [BIRNLEX:1282] synonym: "column of Goll" EXACT [] synonym: "fasciculus dorsolateralis gracilis (Golli)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:790] synonym: "fasciculus gracilis (myelencephali)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:790] @@ -57137,7 +57137,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002739 {source="FMA"} ! medial dorsal nucleus of t [Term] id: UBERON:0002655 name: body of lateral ventricle -def: "Part of lateral ventricle consisting of the central portion that lies dorsally, bounded by the thalamus on the ventral side (Adapted from Heimer, 1996)" [BIRNLEX:1287] +def: "Part of lateral ventricle consisting of the central portion that lies dorsally, bounded by the thalamus on the ventral side (Adapted from Heimer, 1996)." [BIRNLEX:1287] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central part of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83703] synonym: "corpus ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83703, FMA:TA] @@ -57218,7 +57218,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002973 {source="FMA"} ! parahippocampal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002658 name: medial lemniscus of midbrain -def: "Part of medial lemniscus located within the midbrain" [BIRNLEX:1296] +def: "Part of medial lemniscus located within the midbrain." [BIRNLEX:1296] synonym: "lemniscus medialis (mesencephali)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:533] synonym: "medial lemniscus of the midbrain" RELATED [NeuroNames:533] synonym: "midbrain medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -57739,7 +57739,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002788 {source="NIFSTD"} ! anterior nuclear group [Term] id: UBERON:0002682 name: abducens nucleus -def: "Nucleus located beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle in the pontine tegmentum, containing motor neurons innervating the lateral rectus muscle of the eye (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 533)" [BIRNLEX:1366] +def: "Nucleus located beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle in the pontine tegmentum, containing motor neurons innervating the lateral rectus muscle of the eye (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 533)." [BIRNLEX:1366] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "abducens motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000713] @@ -57892,7 +57892,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002788 {source="NIFSTD"} ! anterior nuclear group [Term] id: UBERON:0002686 name: angular gyrus -def: "Part of inferior parietal lobule formed by the cortex surrounding the upturned end of the superior temporal sulcus (Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed, 2009, pg 659)" [BIRNLEX:1376] +def: "Part of inferior parietal lobule formed by the cortex surrounding the upturned end of the superior temporal sulcus (Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed, 2009, pg 659)." [BIRNLEX:1376] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus angularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Angular_gyrus] synonym: "gyrus parietalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:109] @@ -58544,7 +58544,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="NIFSTD"} ! posterior hypothalamic [Term] id: UBERON:0002709 name: posterior nuclear complex of thalamus -def: "Part of thalamus comprising ill defined cellular groups in the caudal thalamus at the meso-diencephalic junction. It is not a homogeneous structure but consists of several distinct cellular groups, including the suprageniculate and limitans nuclei, the magnocellular division of the medial geniculate body, portions of the pulvinar nucleus and an area of mixed cell types intercalated between the ventroposterior nucleus and the nucleus lateral posterior (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 97)" [BIRNLEX:1467] +def: "Part of thalamus comprising ill defined cellular groups in the caudal thalamus at the meso-diencephalic junction. It is not a homogeneous structure but consists of several distinct cellular groups, including the suprageniculate and limitans nuclei, the magnocellular division of the medial geniculate body, portions of the pulvinar nucleus and an area of mixed cell types intercalated between the ventroposterior nucleus and the nucleus lateral posterior (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 97)." [BIRNLEX:1467] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [TAO:0000325] synonym: "nuclei posteriores thalami" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1467] @@ -58741,7 +58741,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002022 ! insula [Term] id: UBERON:0002714 name: rubrospinal tract -def: "White matter tract arising in red nucleus and projecting to spinal cord ventral horn" [BIRNLEX:1476] +def: "White matter tract arising in red nucleus and projecting to spinal cord ventral horn." [BIRNLEX:1476] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Monakow's tract" EXACT [FMA:72640] synonym: "rubrospinal tract (Monakow)" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1476] @@ -58765,7 +58765,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/M [Term] id: UBERON:0002715 name: spinal trigeminal tract of medulla -def: "Part of spinal trigeminal tract located in the medulla" [BIRNLEX:1477] +def: "Part of spinal trigeminal tract located in the medulla." [BIRNLEX:1477] synonym: "spinal trigeminal tract of the medulla" RELATED [NeuroNames:791] synonym: "tractus spinalis nervi trigemini (myelencephali)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:791] xref: BAMS:sp5m @@ -59058,7 +59058,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8287 ! Sarcopterygii [Term] id: UBERON:0002727 name: medial medullary lamina of globus pallidus -def: "Thin sheet of white matter dividing the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus in primates" [BIRNLEX:1501] +def: "Thin sheet of white matter dividing the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus in primates." [BIRNLEX:1501] synonym: "globus pallidus, lamina medullaris interna" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:235] synonym: "inner medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary l. of corpus striatum" RELATED [BTO:0002251] @@ -59173,7 +59173,7 @@ consider: SCTID:119406000 [Term] id: UBERON:0002731 name: vestibulocochlear nerve root -def: "Either of the two roots that come of the vestibulocochlear nerve" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Either of the two roots that come of the vestibulocochlear nerve." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "central part of vestibulocochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:72499] synonym: "fibrae nervi statoacustici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72499, FMA:TA] synonym: "root of vestibulocochlear nerve" EXACT [DHBA:12868] @@ -59612,7 +59612,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002748 name: medial lemniscus of medulla -def: "Part of medial lemniscus located within the medulla" [BIRNLEX:1570] +def: "Part of medial lemniscus located within the medulla." [BIRNLEX:1570] synonym: "lemniscus medialis (myelencephali)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:787] synonym: "medial lemniscus of the medulla" RELATED [NeuroNames:787] synonym: "medulla medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -59751,7 +59751,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0014649 ! white matter of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002755 name: pyramidal decussation -def: "Part of medulla comprising a white matter structure containing nerve fibers of the pyramidal tract crossing from one side of the brain to the other (MM)" [BIRNLEX:1594] +def: "Part of medulla comprising a white matter structure containing nerve fibers of the pyramidal tract crossing from one side of the brain to the other (MM)." [BIRNLEX:1594] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corticospinal decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633] @@ -59821,7 +59821,7 @@ consider: FMA:62013 [Term] id: UBERON:0002758 name: dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate body -def: "Dorsal division of the medial geniculate nucleus, as first defined by Morest (1964) in the cat, but also described in the rat. It fills all but the medial edge of the posterior tip in cat, and joins the lateral thalamic nucleus anteriorly (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1261345/?page=3)" [BIRNLEX:1608] +def: "Dorsal division of the medial geniculate nucleus, as first defined by Morest (1964) in the cat, but also described in the rat. It fills all but the medial edge of the posterior tip in cat, and joins the lateral thalamic nucleus anteriorly (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1261345/?page=3)." [BIRNLEX:1608] synonym: "DMG" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1608, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "dorsal medial geniculate nucleus" RELATED [BAMS:MGD] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62216] @@ -59958,7 +59958,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002762 name: internal medullary lamina of thalamus -def: "Predominantly white regional part of thalamus consisting of a Y shaped bundle of fibers that runs the anterior-posterior length of thalamus and divides the thalamus into roughly three regions (MM: 2006-10-26)" [BIRNLEX:1621] +def: "Predominantly white regional part of thalamus consisting of a Y shaped bundle of fibers that runs the anterior-posterior length of thalamus and divides the thalamus into roughly three regions (MM: 2006-10-26)." [BIRNLEX:1621] synonym: "envelope (involucrum medial) (Hassler)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62079, FMA:TA] synonym: "internal medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62079] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62079] @@ -60507,7 +60507,7 @@ consider: FMA:62312 [Term] id: UBERON:0002786 name: root of abducens nerve -def: "Nerve fibers arising from motor neurons in the abducens nucleus that are contained within the pontine tegmentum" [BIRNLEX:1689] +def: "Nerve fibers arising from motor neurons in the abducens nucleus that are contained within the pontine tegmentum." [BIRNLEX:1689] synonym: "abducens nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72491] synonym: "abducens nerve root" RELATED [BIRNLEX:1277] synonym: "abducens nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72491] @@ -60558,7 +60558,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002788 name: anterior nuclear group -def: "Mostly gray regional part of anterior thalamic region, consisting of the anterior medial, anterior dorsal and anterior lateral thalamic nuclei in primates. In rodents, it consists of anterior medial and anterior ventral divisions, with several subdivisions of each, according to Paxinos (MM: 2006-10-26)" [BIRNLEX:1692] +def: "Mostly gray regional part of anterior thalamic region, consisting of the anterior medial, anterior dorsal and anterior lateral thalamic nuclei in primates. In rodents, it consists of anterior medial and anterior ventral divisions, with several subdivisions of each, according to Paxinos (MM: 2006-10-26)." [BIRNLEX:1692] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ANG" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1692, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] @@ -60621,7 +60621,7 @@ consider: FMA:62311 [Term] id: UBERON:0002790 name: dorsal acoustic stria -def: "white matter structure containing fibers arising from the cochlear nuclear complex" [BIRNLEX:1698] +def: "white matter structure containing fibers arising from the cochlear nuclear complex." [BIRNLEX:1698] synonym: "dorsal acoustic stria (Monakow)" RELATED [NeuroNames:602] synonym: "posterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72496] synonym: "stria cochlearis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72496, FMA:TA] @@ -60675,7 +60675,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0002793 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of pons -def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located within the pons" [BIRNLEX:1707] +def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located within the pons." [BIRNLEX:1707] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of the pons" RELATED [NeuroNames:599] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis (pontis)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:599] xref: BAMS:dlfp @@ -60798,7 +60798,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA", source="NIFSTD"} ! pontine t [Term] id: UBERON:0002798 name: spinothalamic tract of pons -def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the pontine tegmentum" [BIRNLEX:1719] +def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the pontine tegmentum." [BIRNLEX:1719] synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -60872,7 +60872,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 {source="NIFSTD"} ! dorsal plus ventral tha [Term] id: UBERON:0002802 name: left parietal lobe -def: "Parietal lobe of the left hemisphere of the brain" [BIRNLEX:1728] +def: "Parietal lobe of the left hemisphere of the brain." [BIRNLEX:1728] xref: BIRNLEX:1728 xref: FMA:72974 xref: SCTID:314147009 @@ -60885,7 +60885,7 @@ relationship: mutually_spatially_disjoint_with UBERON:0002803 ! right parietal l [Term] id: UBERON:0002803 name: right parietal lobe -def: "Parietal lobe of the right hemisphere of the brain" [BIRNLEX:1729] +def: "Parietal lobe of the right hemisphere of the brain." [BIRNLEX:1729] xref: BIRNLEX:1729 xref: FMA:72973 xref: SCTID:314146000 @@ -61258,7 +61258,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002827 name: vestibulocochlear ganglion -def: "the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia" [MGI:smb, MP:0003703] +def: "the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia." [MGI:smb, MP:0003703] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -61763,7 +61763,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion id: UBERON:0002859 name: fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion alt_id: UBERON:0003944 -def: "The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001022] +def: "The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra." [MP:0001022] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339] @@ -62070,7 +62070,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "The FMA includes a separate sensoryt nu [Term] id: UBERON:0002871 name: hypoglossal nucleus -def: "Nucleus forming a longitudinal cell column in the medulla, close beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle, containing motor neurons that innervate the muscles of the tongue (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 453)" [BIRNLEX:2644] +def: "Nucleus forming a longitudinal cell column in the medulla, close beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle, containing motor neurons that innervate the muscles of the tongue (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 453)." [BIRNLEX:2644] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hypoglossal nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] @@ -62396,7 +62396,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002884 name: intercalated amygdaloid nuclei -def: "Discrete clusters of cells intercalated among the major amygdaloid nuclei. They stain darkly in Nissl stains and have been identified in all mammals. The main groups lie between the lateral-basolateral nuclear coplex and the central and medial nuclei. Additional cell groups have been described by some in other locations (Millhouse, O. E. The intercalated cells of the amygdala. J Comp Neurol 247: 246-271, 1986)., Groups of cells located between the lateral basolateral amygaloid nuclear complex and the central nucleus of the amygdala. They stain darkly in Nissl stains and have been identified in all mammals. (Millhouse, O. E. The intercalated cells of the amygdala. J Comp Neurol 247: 246-271, 1986)" [BIRNLEX:2683] +def: "Discrete clusters of cells intercalated among the major amygdaloid nuclei. They stain darkly in Nissl stains and have been identified in all mammals. The main groups lie between the lateral-basolateral nuclear coplex and the central and medial nuclei. Additional cell groups have been described by some in other locations (Millhouse, O. E. The intercalated cells of the amygdala. J Comp Neurol 247: 246-271, 1986)., Groups of cells located between the lateral basolateral amygaloid nuclear complex and the central nucleus of the amygdala. They stain darkly in Nissl stains and have been identified in all mammals. (Millhouse, O. E. The intercalated cells of the amygdala. J Comp Neurol 247: 246-271, 1986)." [BIRNLEX:2683] synonym: "intercalated amygdalar nuclei" RELATED [NeuroNames:250] synonym: "intercalated amygdalar nucleus" RELATED [BAMS:IA] synonym: "intercalated amygdaloid nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61868] @@ -62780,7 +62780,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0002898 name: chiasmatic cistern -def: "the region of the subarachnoid space that is located below and anterior to the optic chiasm" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009028] +def: "the region of the subarachnoid space that is located below and anterior to the optic chiasm." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009028] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CCIS" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:4003, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] @@ -63300,7 +63300,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/H [Term] id: UBERON:0002922 name: olfactory trigone -def: "A small triangular area in front of the anterior perforated substance. Its apex, directed forward, occupies the posterior part of the olfactory sulcus, and is brought into view by throwing back the olfactory tract (adapted from Wikipedia)" [BIRNLEX:4042] +def: "A small triangular area in front of the anterior perforated substance. Its apex, directed forward, occupies the posterior part of the olfactory sulcus, and is brought into view by throwing back the olfactory tract (adapted from Wikipedia)." [BIRNLEX:4042] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "OLT" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:4042, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "trigonum olfactorium" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4042] @@ -63780,7 +63780,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002944 name: spinothalamic tract of medulla -def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the medulla" [BIRNLEX:741] +def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the medulla." [BIRNLEX:741] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "spinothalamic tract" BROAD [BIRNLEX:741, FMA:72644] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of the medulla" RELATED [NeuroNames:810] @@ -63866,7 +63866,7 @@ consider: SCTID:119242005 [Term] id: UBERON:0002947 name: frontal operculum -def: "Portion of frontal lobe that overlaps the insular cortex (adapted from Wikipedia)" [BIRNLEX:751] +def: "Portion of frontal lobe that overlaps the insular cortex (adapted from Wikipedia)." [BIRNLEX:751] synonym: "nucleus ventralis oralis, pars medialis (Dewulf)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:2205] synonym: "operculum frontale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_(brain)] xref: BAMS:FOp @@ -63955,7 +63955,7 @@ consider: FMA:62310 [Term] id: UBERON:0002952 name: intermediate acoustic stria -def: "White matter structure containing axons arising from cochlear nuclear complex (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed, 1985, pg 609)" [BIRNLEX:768] +def: "White matter structure containing axons arising from cochlear nuclear complex (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed, 1985, pg 609)." [BIRNLEX:768] synonym: "commissure of held" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria (held)" EXACT [BIRNLEX:768] synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria of held" EXACT [] @@ -64105,7 +64105,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001715 {source="NIFSTD"} ! oculomotor nuclear comp [Term] id: UBERON:0002958 name: medial lemniscus of pons -def: "Part of medial lemniscus located within the pons" [BIRNLEX:781] +def: "Part of medial lemniscus located within the pons." [BIRNLEX:781] synonym: "lemniscus medial" RELATED [BIRNLEX:887] synonym: "lemniscus medialis (pontis)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:610] synonym: "medial lemniscus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -64274,7 +64274,7 @@ consider: FMA:62398 [Term] id: UBERON:0002967 name: cingulate gyrus -def: "One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and interhemispheric commissure and forms part of the limbic system. (MSH) One of three essential structures comprising the limbic lobe, the other two being the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. (CSP)" [BIRNLEX:798] +def: "One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and interhemispheric commissure and forms part of the limbic system. (MSH) One of three essential structures comprising the limbic lobe, the other two being the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. (CSP)." [BIRNLEX:798] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cingular gyrus" RELATED [NeuroNames:159] @@ -64378,7 +64378,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001715 {source="NIFSTD"} ! oculomotor nuclear comp [Term] id: UBERON:0002971 name: periolivary nucleus -def: "A nucleus of the superior olivary complex that surrounds the primary superior olivary nuclei" [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex#Periolivary_nuclei] +def: "A nucleus of the superior olivary complex that surrounds the primary superior olivary nuclei." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex#Periolivary_nuclei] synonym: "nuclei periolivares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72475, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus periolivaris" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:574] synonym: "peri-olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72475] @@ -64476,7 +64476,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/H [Term] id: UBERON:0002974 name: molecular layer of cerebellar cortex -def: "The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells" [GO:0021679] +def: "The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO:0021679] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellar molecular layer" EXACT [GO:0021679] synonym: "cerebellum molecular cell layer" EXACT [] @@ -64673,7 +64673,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002982 name: inferior pulvinar nucleus -def: "One of four subdivisions recognized in the primate pulvinar based on initially on topography, located ventrally between the medial and lateral geniculate bodies (Carpenter, A core text of neuroanatomy, 3rd ed., 1985, pg 238)" [BIRNLEX:830] +def: "One of four subdivisions recognized in the primate pulvinar based on initially on topography, located ventrally between the medial and lateral geniculate bodies (Carpenter, A core text of neuroanatomy, 3rd ed., 1985, pg 238)." [BIRNLEX:830] synonym: "IPul" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:830, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior" EXACT [BIRNLEX:830] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior thalami" EXACT [BIRNLEX:830] @@ -64888,7 +64888,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002990 name: mammillothalamic tract of hypothalamus -def: "Part of mammillothalamic tract contained within the hypothalamus" [BIRNLEX:855] +def: "Part of mammillothalamic tract contained within the hypothalamus." [BIRNLEX:855] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fasciculus mamillothalamicus (hypothalami)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:424] synonym: "mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus" RELATED [NeuroNames:424] @@ -65200,7 +65200,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - The term medial raphe nucleus refers to a co [Term] id: UBERON:0003005 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain -def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located in the midbrain tegmentum" [BIRNLEX:893] +def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located in the midbrain tegmentum." [BIRNLEX:893] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "DLFMB" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:893, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of the midbrain" RELATED [NeuroNames:525] @@ -65266,7 +65266,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003008 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus -def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located within the hypothalamus" [BIRNLEX:898] +def: "Part of dorsal longitudinal fasciculus located within the hypothalamus." [BIRNLEX:898] synonym: "DLFH" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:898, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of the hypothalamus" RELATED [NeuroNames:432] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis (hypothalami)" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:432] @@ -65460,7 +65460,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0003017 name: substantia innominata -def: "A predominantly gray matter structure of the basal telencephalon defined on the basis of Nissl stain. Caudal to the anterior commissure it lies deep to the globus pallidus and dorsal to the amygdala. Rostral to the anterior commissure it lies deep to the striatum. The more rostral portion contains the basal forebrain nucleus ( Anthoney-1994 ). In the late twentieth century the region containing the substantia innominata was resegmented on the basis of neurochemistry and connectivity to constitute the striatopallidal system ( Heimer-1995 ). In this scheme the caudal portion of substantia innominata is located largely in the ventral pallidum and the rostral portion in the ventral striatum. (from Brain Info)" [BIRNLEX:915] +def: "A predominantly gray matter structure of the basal telencephalon defined on the basis of Nissl stain. Caudal to the anterior commissure it lies deep to the globus pallidus and dorsal to the amygdala. Rostral to the anterior commissure it lies deep to the striatum. The more rostral portion contains the basal forebrain nucleus ( Anthoney-1994 ). In the late twentieth century the region containing the substantia innominata was resegmented on the basis of neurochemistry and connectivity to constitute the striatopallidal system ( Heimer-1995 ). In this scheme the caudal portion of substantia innominata is located largely in the ventral pallidum and the rostral portion in the ventral striatum. (from Brain Info)." [BIRNLEX:915] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "innominate substance" EXACT [FMA:61885] synonym: "nucleus of substantia innominata" EXACT [FMA:61885] @@ -65766,7 +65766,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0003029 name: stria terminalis -def: "White matter structure in the brain consisting of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the thalamus. The stria terminalis covers the thalamostriate vein, marking a line of separation between the thalamus and the caudate nucleus as seen upon gross dissection of the ventricles of the brain, viewed from the superior aspect. The stria terminalis extends from the region of the interventricular foramen to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, carrying fibers from the amygdala to the septal, hypothalamic, and thalamic areas of the brain. It also carries fibers projecting from these areas back to the amygdala. (Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis)" [BIRNLEX:937] +def: "White matter structure in the brain consisting of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the thalamus. The stria terminalis covers the thalamostriate vein, marking a line of separation between the thalamus and the caudate nucleus as seen upon gross dissection of the ventricles of the brain, viewed from the superior aspect. The stria terminalis extends from the region of the interventricular foramen to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, carrying fibers from the amygdala to the septal, hypothalamic, and thalamic areas of the brain. It also carries fibers projecting from these areas back to the amygdala. (Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis)." [BIRNLEX:937] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fibrae striae terminalis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:286] synonym: "fovilles fasciculus" RELATED [BTO:0004616] @@ -66158,7 +66158,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003045 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus -def: "A fiber bundle containing fibers from nuclei of the hypothalamus that project to the dorsal tegmental nucleus and other regions of the midbrain and the pons, as well as fibers originating in the pontine reticular formation and the medullary reticular formation that project to the thalamus and other regions of the forebrain (Carpenter-83). In NeuroNames it is a composite structure consisting of the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus, the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain, the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of pons and the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of medulla. (NeuroNames)" [BIRNLEX:986] +def: "A fiber bundle containing fibers from nuclei of the hypothalamus that project to the dorsal tegmental nucleus and other regions of the midbrain and the pons, as well as fibers originating in the pontine reticular formation and the medullary reticular formation that project to the thalamus and other regions of the forebrain (Carpenter-83). In NeuroNames it is a composite structure consisting of the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus, the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain, the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of pons and the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of medulla. (NeuroNames)." [BIRNLEX:986] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "accessory cochlear nucleus" RELATED [NeuroNames:722] @@ -66191,7 +66191,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003046 name: ventral acoustic stria -def: "White matter structure containing fibers arising from neurons in the cochlear nuclear complex" [BIRNLEX:991] +def: "White matter structure containing fibers arising from neurons in the cochlear nuclear complex." [BIRNLEX:991] synonym: "anterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72498] synonym: "stria cochlearis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72498, FMA:TA] synonym: "striae acusticae ventralis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:604] @@ -66275,7 +66275,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the id: UBERON:0003051 name: ear vesicle alt_id: UBERON:0004373 -def: "An epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP]" [MP:0009806, Wikipedia:Otic_vesicle] +def: "An epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP]." [MP:0009806, Wikipedia:Otic_vesicle] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acoustic vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0001148] @@ -66634,7 +66634,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The organizer is a central feature of vertebrate id: UBERON:0003063 name: prechordal plate alt_id: UBERON:0004881 -def: "A horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004387] +def: "A horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004387] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -66696,7 +66696,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...)the mesoderm of a developing vertebrate tra [Term] id: UBERON:0003065 name: ciliary marginal zone -def: "Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth.[Wehman et al, 2005]" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth.[Wehman et al, 2005]." [ZFIN:curator] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "circumferential germinal zone" RELATED [] @@ -66794,7 +66794,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The portion of the mesoderm underlying the [Term] id: UBERON:0003069 name: otic placode -def: "A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK]" [NCBIBook:NBK53175, Wikipedia:Otic_placode] +def: "A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK]." [NCBIBook:NBK53175, Wikipedia:Otic_placode] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -66978,7 +66978,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct de [Term] id: UBERON:0003075 name: neural plate -def: "A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]" [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:neural+plate, Wikipedia:Neural_plate, ZFIN:curator] +def: "A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]." [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:neural+plate, Wikipedia:Neural_plate, ZFIN:curator] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -67028,7 +67028,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) at some stage of its development, every ch [Term] id: UBERON:0003077 name: paraxial mesoderm -def: "The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]" [GO:0048339, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/30] +def: "The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]." [GO:0048339, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/30] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -67326,7 +67326,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0003088 name: caudal vein -def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995.[ZFIN]" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995.[ZFIN]." [ZFIN:curator] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CV" RELATED [] @@ -67551,7 +67551,7 @@ property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "is_a median fin" xsd:string { [Term] id: UBERON:0003098 name: optic stalk -def: "the narrow, proximal portion of the optic vesicle which connects the embryonic eye and forebrain" [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MP:0004268] +def: "the narrow, proximal portion of the optic vesicle which connects the embryonic eye and forebrain." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MP:0004268] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -67960,7 +67960,7 @@ property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003115 name: pharyngeal arch 4 -def: "contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus" [MP:0006340] +def: "contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus." [MP:0006340] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -68021,7 +68021,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "A fifth arch never establishes itself in amniotes" id: UBERON:0003117 name: pharyngeal arch 6 alt_id: UBERON:0004349 -def: "The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles" [MP:0006347] +def: "The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles." [MP:0006347] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "6th arch" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004075] synonym: "6th pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205] @@ -68051,7 +68051,7 @@ property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger id: UBERON:0003118 name: pharyngeal arch artery 1 alt_id: UBERON:0004371 -def: "The vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0010355] +def: "The vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis." [MP:0010355] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "1st aortic arch artery" RELATED [EMAPA:16685] @@ -68083,7 +68083,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Disappears early in development in tetrapods" xsd:s id: UBERON:0003119 name: pharyngeal arch artery 2 alt_id: UBERON:0004372 -def: "The vessels formed within the second pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0010356] +def: "The vessels formed within the second pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis." [MP:0010356] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "2nd aortic arch artery" RELATED [EMAPA:16686] @@ -68115,7 +68115,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The second in a series paired arterial conn id: UBERON:0003120 name: pharyngeal arch artery 3 alt_id: UBERON:0004352 -def: "The vessels formed within the third pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0006356] +def: "The vessels formed within the third pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis." [MP:0006356] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd aortic arch artery" RELATED [EMAPA:16687] @@ -68147,7 +68147,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The third in a series paired arterial conne id: UBERON:0003121 name: pharyngeal arch artery 4 alt_id: UBERON:0004350 -def: "The vessels formed within the fourth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0006354] +def: "The vessels formed within the fourth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis." [MP:0006354] comment: proximal right subclavian subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -68201,7 +68201,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans the 5th arch disappears on both sides" xs id: UBERON:0003123 name: pharyngeal arch artery 6 alt_id: UBERON:0004351 -def: "The vessels formed within the sixth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0006355] +def: "The vessels formed within the sixth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis." [MP:0006355] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "6th aortic arch artery" RELATED [EMAPA:17005] @@ -68232,7 +68232,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The sixth right arch disappears; the sixth [Term] id: UBERON:0003124 name: chorion membrane -def: "the outermost extraembryonic membrane" [MESH:A10.615.284.473, MP:0002836] +def: "the outermost extraembryonic membrane." [MESH:A10.615.284.473, MP:0002836] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -68467,7 +68467,7 @@ consider: TGMA:0000090 [Term] id: UBERON:0003133 name: reproductive organ -def: "An organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp] +def: "An organ involved in reproduction." [UBERON:xp] subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -68494,7 +68494,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "GO uses genitalia for the singular orga [Term] id: UBERON:0003134 name: female reproductive organ -def: "A female organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp] +def: "A female organ involved in reproduction." [UBERON:xp] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "female organism reproductive organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -68518,7 +68518,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003135 name: male reproductive organ -def: "A male organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp] +def: "A male organ involved in reproduction." [UBERON:xp] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "male genital" RELATED [WBbt:0008423] @@ -68590,7 +68590,7 @@ consider: HAO:0000460 [Term] id: UBERON:0003142 name: prepupa -def: "An organism at the prepupal stage. The prepupal stage is a life stage interposed between the larval and the pupal stages in insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis. The start of the pre-pupal stage is marked by pupariation, and the end is marked by pupation" [GO:0035210] +def: "An organism at the prepupal stage. The prepupal stage is a life stage interposed between the larval and the pupal stages in insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis. The start of the pre-pupal stage is marked by pupariation, and the end is marked by pupation." [GO:0035210] xref: BTO:0001110 xref: FBbt:00002952 xref: HAO:0000812 @@ -69360,7 +69360,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006612 ! shell [Term] id: UBERON:0003220 name: metanephric mesenchyme -def: "one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]" [GO:0072075, Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] +def: "one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072075, Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] comment: Genes: The positional specification of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme is negatively regulated by Foxc1 and Foxc2. Next the permanent kidney forming metanephrogenic mesenchyme is specified by Hox11 genes. The competence to respond to ureteric bud inducers is regulated by WT1. GDNF secretion restricted to posterior region by Robo2 and Sprouty1. The receptors for GDNF are synthesized in the nephric ducts and later in ureteric buds [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "metanephric blastema" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] @@ -69758,7 +69758,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003244 name: epithelium of mammary gland -def: "the epithelial layer of the luminal surfaces of the mammary gland" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009504] +def: "the epithelial layer of the luminal surfaces of the mammary gland." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009504] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelium of lactiferous gland" EXACT [FMA:74445] synonym: "lactiferous gland epithelium" EXACT [FMA:74445] @@ -70529,7 +70529,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0003299 name: roof plate of midbrain -def: "the mesencephalic roof plate, including the caudal and rostral part of the midbrain roof" [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006103] +def: "the mesencephalic roof plate, including the caudal and rostral part of the midbrain roof." [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006103] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "midbrain roof" RELATED [EMAPA:16981] @@ -71872,7 +71872,7 @@ consider: EMAPA:19144 [Term] id: UBERON:0003386 name: smooth muscle of eye -def: "any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi" [MGI:cwg, MP:0005247] +def: "any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi." [MGI:cwg, MP:0005247] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ocular smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001268] xref: EMAPA:18807 @@ -72283,7 +72283,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vomeronasal organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003422 name: mesenchyme of umbilical cord -def: "A gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It also contains some fibroblasts and macrophages. It is derived from Extra Embryonic Mesoderm[WP]" [Wikipedia:Wharton's_jelly] +def: "A gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It also contains some fibroblasts and macrophages. It is derived from Extra Embryonic Mesoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Wharton's_jelly] synonym: "umbilical cord mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Wharton's jelly" EXACT [EMAPA:26127] xref: EMAPA:26127 @@ -72885,7 +72885,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0003460 name: arm bone -def: "A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of upper extremity" RELATED [GAID:178] @@ -72954,7 +72954,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003464 name: hindlimb bone -def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim synonym: "bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -75174,7 +75174,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0003604 name: trachea cartilage -def: "the ring-shaped cartilaginous structures that support the trachea" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, J:97123, MGI:smb, MP:0003120] +def: "the ring-shaped cartilaginous structures that support the trachea." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, J:97123, MGI:smb, MP:0003120] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cartilage of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] synonym: "cartilage of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -76973,7 +76973,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 {source="FMA"} ! knee joint [Term] id: UBERON:0003677 name: tooth root -def: "The part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; the root is normally located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone" [MP:0011165] +def: "The part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; the root is normally located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone." [MP:0011165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "radix corona" EXACT [FMA:55624] synonym: "root of tooth" EXACT [FMA:55624] @@ -77039,7 +77039,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0006659 ! cruciate ligament of knee [Term] id: UBERON:0003681 name: masticatory muscle -def: "In humans: Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed)" [MESH:A02.633.567.600, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication] +def: "In humans: Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed)." [MESH:A02.633.567.600, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "jaw muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "muscle of mastication" EXACT [] @@ -77090,7 +77090,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "see also FMA:71438 ! set of muscles of [Term] id: UBERON:0003683 name: rotator cuff -def: "A group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. The four muscles of the rotator cuff are over half of the seven scapulohumeral muscles" [Wikipedia:Rotator_cuff] +def: "A group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. The four muscles of the rotator cuff are over half of the seven scapulohumeral muscles." [Wikipedia:Rotator_cuff] synonym: "musculotendinous cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018] synonym: "rotator cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018] synonym: "tendinous cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018] @@ -77575,7 +77575,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "reduced in non-human primates" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003702 name: inguinal canal -def: "the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament in the female, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum or labia majora, respectively" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A01.047.412, MP:0003673] +def: "the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament in the female, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum or labia majora, respectively." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A01.047.412, MP:0003673] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "canalis inguinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal] xref: BTO:0005576 @@ -77642,7 +77642,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Duct that collects bile from the bile ductu [Term] id: UBERON:0003705 name: Meckel's diverticulum -def: "A small bulge in the small intestine present at birth. It is a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct" [Wikipedia:Meckel's_diverticulum] +def: "A small bulge in the small intestine present at birth. It is a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct." [Wikipedia:Meckel's_diverticulum] synonym: "diverticulum of Meckel" EXACT [FMA:14967] synonym: "ileal diverticulum" EXACT [FMA:14967] synonym: "meckel diverticulum" RELATED [GAID:317] @@ -77731,7 +77731,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003709 name: circle of Willis -def: "A circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. The Circle of Willis comprises the following arteries: Anterior cerebral artery (left and right); Anterior communicating artery; Internal carotid artery (left and right); Posterior cerebral artery (left and right); Posterior communicating artery (left and right).The basilar artery and middle cerebral arteries, supplying the brain, are also considered part of the circle" [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis] +def: "A circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. The Circle of Willis comprises the following arteries: Anterior cerebral artery (left and right); Anterior communicating artery; Internal carotid artery (left and right); Posterior cerebral artery (left and right); Posterior communicating artery (left and right).The basilar artery and middle cerebral arteries, supplying the brain, are also considered part of the circle." [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "arterial circle" BROAD [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis] synonym: "arterial circle of Willis" EXACT [] @@ -78210,7 +78210,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "AR activation releases instructive signals from [Term] id: UBERON:0003821 name: metapodium bone -def: "A bone of the metapodial skeleton" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A bone of the metapodial skeleton." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "metacarpal or metatarsal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal bone" EXACT [MA:0000301] @@ -79205,7 +79205,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003876 name: hippocampal field -def: "a part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function" [MGI:csmith, MP:0008262] +def: "a part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function." [MGI:csmith, MP:0008262] subset: non_informative subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hippocampal region" RELATED [BAMS:HIP] @@ -79274,7 +79274,7 @@ relationship: mutually_spatially_disjoint_with UBERON:0003883 {source="ABA"} ! C [Term] id: UBERON:0003882 name: CA2 field of hippocampus -def: "Part of hippocampus proper bounded by areas CA3 and CA1, characterized by a narrow layer of large pyramidal cells, similar in size to CA3 pyramidal cells, but which lack the mossy fiber input from the dentate gyrus (adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)" [BIRNLEX:1362] +def: "Part of hippocampus proper bounded by areas CA3 and CA1, characterized by a narrow layer of large pyramidal cells, similar in size to CA3 pyramidal cells, but which lack the mossy fiber input from the dentate gyrus (adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)." [BIRNLEX:1362] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "CA2" EXACT [] @@ -79428,7 +79428,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0003887 name: intraembryonic coelom -def: "The part of the coelom in the embryo between the somatopleuric and splanchnopleuric mesoderm; the principal body cavities of the trunk (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) arise from this embryonic part of the coelom" [MGI:anna, MP:0012187] +def: "The part of the coelom in the embryo between the somatopleuric and splanchnopleuric mesoderm; the principal body cavities of the trunk (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) arise from this embryonic part of the coelom." [MGI:anna, MP:0012187] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "somatic coelom" EXACT [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom] xref: EHDAA:251 @@ -79446,7 +79446,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) I regard it unlikely that coeloms of all b [Term] id: UBERON:0003888 name: extraembryonic coelomic cavity -def: "the fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity" [ISBN:0-12-402035-6, ISBN:1405118660, MP:0011200] +def: "the fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity." [ISBN:0-12-402035-6, ISBN:1405118660, MP:0011200] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "chorion cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246] synonym: "chorionic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246, https://sourceforge.net/p/obo/mammalian-phenotype-requests/1454] @@ -79475,7 +79475,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/477 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0003889 name: fallopian tube -def: "Initial section of the oviduct through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MGI:smb, MP:0003574] +def: "Initial section of the oviduct through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MGI:smb, MP:0003574] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -79613,7 +79613,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider adding further subdivisions of the endoder [Term] id: UBERON:0003895 name: hypaxial myotome region -def: "Portion of myotome that is ventral to the horizontal septum" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Portion of myotome that is ventral to the horizontal septum." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "body wall muscle" RELATED [XAO:0003228] synonym: "hypaxial myotome region" EXACT [ZFA:0001085] xref: TAO:0001085 @@ -79669,7 +79669,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013700 ! axial musculature [Term] id: UBERON:0003900 name: epaxial myotome region -def: "Portion of myotome that is dorsal to the horizontal septum" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Portion of myotome that is dorsal to the horizontal septum." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "epaxial myotome regions" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001084] xref: TAO:0001084 xref: ZFA:0001084 @@ -79978,7 +79978,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003920 name: venous blood vessel -def: "A blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/venous+blood+vessel] +def: "A blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/venous+blood+vessel] comment: Compare to: vein synonym: "segment of venous tree organ" EXACT [FMA:86188] synonym: "venous tree organ segment" EXACT [FMA:86188] @@ -80305,7 +80305,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003938 name: sensory dissociation area -def: "The area of the parietal lobe that integrates tactile and visual stimuli" [MP:0000796] +def: "The area of the parietal lobe that integrates tactile and visual stimuli." [MP:0000796] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0010000 ! multicellular anatomical structure relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe @@ -80336,7 +80336,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003941 name: cerebellum anterior vermis -def: "The anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000867] +def: "The anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure." [MP:0000867] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [MA:0002969] synonym: "anterior lobe vermis" RELATED [FMA:72255] @@ -80378,7 +80378,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MP defines this in a may more appropria [Term] id: UBERON:0003943 name: fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion -def: "The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001019] +def: "The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra." [MP:0001019] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series subset: pheno_slim synonym: "forth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [BIRNLEX:2626] @@ -80395,7 +80395,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002836 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003945 name: somatic motor system -def: "The neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals" [MP:0001051] +def: "The neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals." [MP:0001051] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37953 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0010000 ! multicellular anatomical structure @@ -80404,7 +80404,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003946 name: placenta labyrinth -def: "The placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood" [MP:0001716] +def: "The placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood." [MP:0001716] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "labyrinthine layer" EXACT [GO:0060713] synonym: "labyrinthine layer of placenta" EXACT [GO:0060713] @@ -80419,7 +80419,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Mouse-human differences: The mouse and human placen [Term] id: UBERON:0003947 name: brain ventricle/choroid plexus -def: "The brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses" [MP:0002200] +def: "The brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses." [MP:0002200] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0010000 ! multicellular anatomical structure union_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus @@ -80432,7 +80432,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO merge into BV" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003948 name: blood-air barrier -def: "The membrane between the capillary blood and alveolar air, comprised of the alveolar epithelium and the capillary epithelium and their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm" [MP:0002324] +def: "The membrane between the capillary blood and alveolar air, comprised of the alveolar epithelium and the capillary epithelium and their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm." [MP:0002324] subset: pheno_slim xref: MESH:D015824 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer @@ -80443,7 +80443,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - alveolar lumen" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003949 name: tubal tonsil -def: "The lymph tissue associated with the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube" [MP:0002386] +def: "The lymph tissue associated with the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube." [MP:0002386] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "auditory tube lymph gland" EXACT [FMA:54975] synonym: "eustachian amygdala" EXACT [FMA:54975] @@ -80458,7 +80458,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0001735 ! tonsillar ring [Term] id: UBERON:0003950 name: inner ear canal -def: "The tubular ducts of the inner ear" [MP:0002729] +def: "The tubular ducts of the inner ear." [MP:0002729] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37882 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space @@ -80468,7 +80468,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0003951 name: ocular fundus -def: "The posterior concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the posterior segment of the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, visible by an ophthalmoscope" [MP:0002864, Wikipedia:Fundus_(eye)] +def: "The posterior concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the posterior segment of the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, visible by an ophthalmoscope." [MP:0002864, Wikipedia:Fundus_(eye)] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "eye fundus" EXACT [] synonym: "fundus" EXACT [HP:0001098] @@ -80491,7 +80491,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check relationships" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003952 name: anterior stroma of cornea -def: "The anterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea" [MP:0003093] +def: "The anterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea." [MP:0003093] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior stroma" BROAD [MP:0003093] synonym: "cornea anterior stroma" EXACT [MP:0003093] @@ -80505,7 +80505,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea [Term] id: UBERON:0003953 name: posterior stroma of cornea -def: "The posterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea" [MP:0003094] +def: "The posterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea." [MP:0003094] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cornea posterior stroma" EXACT [MP:0003094] synonym: "posterior stroma" BROAD [MP:0003094] @@ -80540,7 +80540,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Gray188-Squamosal:suture.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0003955 name: molar crown -def: "The part of a molar that is covered by enamel" [MP:0003932] +def: "The part of a molar that is covered by enamel." [MP:0003932] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crown of molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:85301] synonym: "molar tooth crown" EXACT [FMA:85301] @@ -80556,7 +80556,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003956 name: aqueous drainage system -def: "The structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins" [MP:0005198] +def: "The structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins." [MP:0005198] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37427 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system @@ -80595,7 +80595,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "Bruch's membrane consists of five layers (from [Term] id: UBERON:0003958 name: long bone epiphyseal ossification zone -def: "The layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited" [MP:0006399] +def: "The layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited." [MP:0006399] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37896 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ @@ -80629,7 +80629,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "add more specific classification e.g. anastomosing [Term] id: UBERON:0003960 name: styloid process of temporal bone -def: "slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments" [MP:0008023, Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] +def: "slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments." [MP:0008023, Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] comment: Disease notes: Eagle's syndrome subset: pheno_slim synonym: "processus styloideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52877, FMA:TA] @@ -80652,7 +80652,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003961 name: cingulum of brain -def: "The white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain" [MP:0008232] +def: "The white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain." [MP:0008232] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cingulum" BROAD [] synonym: "cingulum bundle" EXACT [BAMS:cg] @@ -80675,7 +80675,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003962 name: pterygopalatine ganglion -def: "The small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands" [MP:0008314, Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] +def: "The small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands." [MP:0008314, Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "g. pterygopalatinum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] synonym: "Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] @@ -80698,7 +80698,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003963 name: otic ganglion -def: "The ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland" [MP:0008315, Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] +def: "The ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland." [MP:0008315, Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Arnold's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6967] synonym: "ganglion oticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] @@ -80719,7 +80719,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003964 name: prevertebral ganglion -def: "the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008316] +def: "the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008316] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "collateral ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Prevertebral_ganglia] synonym: "collateral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892] @@ -80738,7 +80738,7 @@ relationship: ventral_to UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0003965 name: sympathetic afferent fiber -def: "The fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord" [MP:0008319] +def: "The fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord." [MP:0008319] subset: pheno_slim xref: Wikipedia:General_visceral_afferent_fibers is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber @@ -80760,7 +80760,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "To be revisted after a review of auditory ossicles" [Term] id: UBERON:0003967 name: cutaneous elastic tissue -def: "The slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity" [MP:0008418] +def: "The slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity." [MP:0008418] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cutaneous elastic fiber" NARROW [MP:0008418] synonym: "dermal elastic fiber" NARROW [MP:0008418] @@ -80772,7 +80772,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin [Term] id: UBERON:0003968 name: peripheral lymph node -def: "The lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/4, MP:0008463] +def: "The lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/4, MP:0008463] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37938 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node @@ -80780,7 +80780,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0003970 name: placental labyrinth vasculature -def: "blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate" [MP:0008803] +def: "blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate." [MP:0008803] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "placental labyrinth vascular network" EXACT [] synonym: "placental vasculature" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] @@ -80792,7 +80792,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003946 ! placenta labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003971 name: interfrontal bone -def: "A bone between the frontal bones in the skull; an extra bony plate within the anterior fontanelle that is not usually present" [MP:0008818] +def: "A bone between the frontal bones in the skull; an extra bony plate within the anterior fontanelle that is not usually present." [MP:0008818] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone element relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton @@ -80800,7 +80800,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003972 name: placenta junctional zone -def: "Fetally derived placental region that separates the maternal uterine tissue from the placenta labyrinth" [MP:0008957] +def: "Fetally derived placental region that separates the maternal uterine tissue from the placenta labyrinth." [MP:0008957] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0010000 ! multicellular anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta @@ -80808,7 +80808,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta [Term] id: UBERON:0003973 name: nasal concha of ethmoid bone -def: "One of the conchae of the ethmoid bone, which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals[MP]. The ethmoturbinals are associated with the cribiform plate. They are covered with olfactory epithelium. Primarily, they serve to increase the surface area over which olfactory receptor neurons can come in contact with respiratory air. These olfactory receptor nerves then synapse with the mitral cells of the olfactory lobes through the cribiform plate in the manner described above[Palaeos]" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html, MP:0008971] +def: "One of the conchae of the ethmoid bone, which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals[MP]. The ethmoturbinals are associated with the cribiform plate. They are covered with olfactory epithelium. Primarily, they serve to increase the surface area over which olfactory receptor neurons can come in contact with respiratory air. These olfactory receptor nerves then synapse with the mitral cells of the olfactory lobes through the cribiform plate in the manner described above[Palaeos]." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html, MP:0008971] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ethmo-turbinate" EXACT [] synonym: "ethmoturbinal" EXACT [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html] @@ -80865,7 +80865,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003976 name: saccule duct -def: "The saccular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the sacculus to the endolymphatic duct" [MP:0009259] +def: "The saccular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the sacculus to the endolymphatic duct." [MP:0009259] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "saccular duct" EXACT [MP:0009259] synonym: "saccular part of utriculosaccular duct" EXACT [] @@ -80880,7 +80880,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011774 ! utriculosaccular duct [Term] id: UBERON:0003977 name: utricle duct -def: "The utricular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the utriculus to the endolymphatic duct" [MP:0009260] +def: "The utricular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the utriculus to the endolymphatic duct." [MP:0009260] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "utricular duct" EXACT [MP:0009260] synonym: "utricular part of utriculosaccular duct" EXACT [] @@ -80910,7 +80910,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "valvular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003979 name: utricle valve -def: "The utriculo-endolymphatic (UE) valve which is located in the antero-inferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct and serves to regulate endolymph volume in the endolymphatic sac, the utricle and the canals" [MP:0009261] +def: "The utriculo-endolymphatic (UE) valve which is located in the antero-inferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct and serves to regulate endolymph volume in the endolymphatic sac, the utricle and the canals." [MP:0009261] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth @@ -80919,7 +80919,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003980 name: cerebellum fissure -def: "One of a set of deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum. Examples: postcentral, primary and secondary furrows" [MP:0009267] +def: "One of a set of deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum. Examples: postcentral, primary and secondary furrows." [MP:0009267] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellar fissure" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar fissures" RELATED PLURAL [BAMS:CBf] @@ -80943,7 +80943,7 @@ relationship: fma_set_term FMA:77789 [Term] id: UBERON:0003981 name: primordial ovarian follicle -def: "primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles" [MP:0009361] +def: "primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles." [MP:0009361] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ovary primordial follicle" EXACT [MA:0001710] synonym: "primordial follicle" EXACT [] @@ -80991,7 +80991,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "we use the term CA for the anterior chamber i [Term] id: UBERON:0003984 name: uterine tube infundibulum -def: "The funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube[MP]" [MP:0009466, Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube] +def: "The funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube[MP]." [MP:0009466, Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "infundibulum" BROAD INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "infundibulum of fallopian tube" NARROW [FMA:18307] @@ -81013,7 +81013,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In mammals, the uterine tube infundibulum is part o [Term] id: UBERON:0003985 name: major sublingual duct -def: "The duct that drains the anterior portion of the sublingual gland and opens at the sublingual papilla" [MP:0009528] +def: "The duct that drains the anterior portion of the sublingual gland and opens at the sublingual papilla." [MP:0009528] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Bartholin's duct" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:59986] xref: BTO:0004558 @@ -81027,7 +81027,7 @@ disjoint_from: UBERON:0010150 ! duct of major vestibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003986 name: minor sublingual duct -def: "Any of the 8-20 small ducts that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold" [MP:0009529] +def: "Any of the 8-20 small ducts that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold." [MP:0009529] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "duct of Rivinus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sublingual_duct] xref: EMAPA:37909 {source="MA:th"} @@ -81038,7 +81038,7 @@ relationship: fma_set_term FMA:71643 [Term] id: UBERON:0003987 name: Hassall's corpuscle -def: "The small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages" [MP:0009539] +def: "The small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages." [MP:0009539] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "capsule of Hassal's corpuscle" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "thymic corpuscle" EXACT [] @@ -81058,7 +81058,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003846 ! thymus epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0003988 name: thymus corticomedullary boundary -def: "The dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells" [MP:0009543] +def: "The dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells." [MP:0009543] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "thymic cortico-medullary boundary" EXACT [MP:0009543] synonym: "thymic corticomedullary boundary" EXACT [MP:0009543] @@ -81082,7 +81082,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002125 ! thymus lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0003989 name: medulla oblongata anterior median fissure -def: "The longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata" [MP:0009680] +def: "The longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata." [MP:0009680] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior median fissure" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734] @@ -81101,7 +81101,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0003990 name: spinal cord motor column -def: "The subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target" [MP:0009685] +def: "The subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target." [MP:0009685] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0016550 ! spinal cord column relationship: composed_primarily_of CL:0000100 ! motor neuron @@ -81110,7 +81110,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0003991 name: fourth ventricle median aperture -def: "The large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord" [MP:0009802, Wikipedia:Median_aperture] +def: "The large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord." [MP:0009802, Wikipedia:Median_aperture] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "apertura mediana" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75015, FMA:TA] synonym: "apertura mediana ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_aperture] @@ -81163,7 +81163,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Lateral:ventricle.gif xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0003993 name: interventricular foramen of CNS -def: "The paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricles" [MP:0009804, Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] +def: "The paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricles." [MP:0009804, Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "foramen interventriculare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] synonym: "foramen Monroi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] @@ -81191,7 +81191,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "it is not clear if the FMA class refers [Term] id: UBERON:0003994 name: pelvic ligament -def: "The dorsal sacroiliac, the sacrotuberal and/or the iliolumbar ligaments associated with the bony ring formed by the pair of hip bones fused at the symphysis and their firm articulation with the sacrum" [MP:0009807] +def: "The dorsal sacroiliac, the sacrotuberal and/or the iliolumbar ligaments associated with the bony ring formed by the pair of hip bones fused at the symphysis and their firm articulation with the sacrum." [MP:0009807] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "pelvis ligament" EXACT [MA:0002948] xref: MA:0002948 @@ -81236,7 +81236,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/A [Term] id: UBERON:0003997 name: hyoid bone greater horn -def: "The larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]" [MP:0009913, Wikipedia:Greater_cornu] +def: "The larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]." [MP:0009913, Wikipedia:Greater_cornu] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cornu majus" EXACT [FMA:59496] synonym: "cornu majus ossis hyoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59496, FMA:TA] @@ -81274,7 +81274,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the greater cornua are the larger, more [Term] id: UBERON:0003998 name: hyoid bone lesser horn -def: "shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]" [MP:0009914, Wikipedia:Lesser_cornu] +def: "shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]." [MP:0009914, Wikipedia:Lesser_cornu] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior horn of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "ceratohyal" RELATED SENSU [ISBN:0073040584] @@ -81303,7 +81303,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The lesser cornua (or lesser horns) are two [Term] id: UBERON:0003999 name: hyoid bone body -def: "The main curve of the hyoid bone, from which the horns extend" [MP:0009917, Wikipedia:Body_of_hyoid_bone] +def: "The main curve of the hyoid bone, from which the horns extend." [MP:0009917, Wikipedia:Body_of_hyoid_bone] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "base of hyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958] synonym: "basihyal bone" RELATED [MA:0002958] @@ -81350,7 +81350,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check isa parentage" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004002 name: posterior lobe of cerebellum -def: "The region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure" [MP:0009962] +def: "The region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure." [MP:0009962] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellar posterior lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum posterior lobe" EXACT [] @@ -81375,7 +81375,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004003 name: cerebellum hemisphere lobule -def: "The region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009963] +def: "The region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres." [MP:0009963] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule of cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:83880] @@ -81391,7 +81391,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - define as a region overlapping the lobule" x [Term] id: UBERON:0004004 name: cerebellum lobule -def: "one of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex" [MP:0009964] +def: "one of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex." [MP:0009964] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lobular parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1084] xref: BIRNLEX:1084 @@ -81404,7 +81404,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex id: UBERON:0004006 name: cerebellum intermediate zone alt_id: UBERON:0014342 -def: "The paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs" [MP:0009966] +def: "The paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs." [MP:0009966] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellar paravermis" EXACT [MP:0009966] synonym: "cerebellar paravermis" EXACT [NLXANAT:20081236] @@ -81430,7 +81430,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0014643 ! spinocerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004008 name: cerebellar plate -def: "The embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium" [MP:0000856] +def: "The embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium." [MP:0000856] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellum plate" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum roof plate" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004401] @@ -81445,7 +81445,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004009 name: cerebellum posterior vermis -def: "The posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000869] +def: "The posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure." [MP:0000869] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "posterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe vermis" RELATED [FMA:72259] @@ -81466,21 +81466,21 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0004002 ! posterior lobe of ce [Term] id: UBERON:0004010 name: primary muscle spindle -def: "The sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000991] +def: "The sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity." [MP:0000991] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0003718 ! muscle spindle [Term] id: UBERON:0004011 name: secondary muscle spindle -def: "The sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000994] +def: "The sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity." [MP:0000994] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0003718 ! muscle spindle [Term] id: UBERON:0004012 name: golgi tendon organ -def: "The sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension" [MP:0000999] +def: "The sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension." [MP:0000999] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "neurotendinous ending" EXACT [FMA:83608] synonym: "neurotendinous organ of golgi" EXACT [FMA:83608] @@ -81495,7 +81495,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004013 name: egg cylinder -def: "The transient cup-like structure of the epiblast that consists of a single layer of embryonic cells" [MP:0003085] +def: "The transient cup-like structure of the epiblast that consists of a single layer of embryonic cells." [MP:0003085] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:36119 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer @@ -81504,7 +81504,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) [Term] id: UBERON:0004014 name: labium minora -def: "One of the folds of skin which form the inner lips on both sides of the vaginal opening" [MP:0003520] +def: "One of the folds of skin which form the inner lips on both sides of the vaginal opening." [MP:0003520] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "labia minorum" EXACT [] synonym: "labium minora" EXACT [] @@ -81526,7 +81526,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/V [Term] id: UBERON:0004015 name: embryonic-extraembryonic boundary -def: "The connection between the embryo proper and extraembryonic tissues" [MP:0003890] +def: "The connection between the embryo proper and extraembryonic tissues." [MP:0003890] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! non-material anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure @@ -81578,7 +81578,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Periocular mesenchyme (PM) is a mesencephalic neura [Term] id: UBERON:0004019 name: baroreceptor -def: "The sensory nerve endings in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure" [MP:0004118] +def: "The sensory nerve endings in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure." [MP:0004118] comment: WP classifies as mechanoreceptor subset: pheno_slim synonym: "baroceptor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Baroreceptor] @@ -81600,7 +81600,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/510 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0004020 name: obsolete embryonic cilium -def: "OBSOLETE: the earliest cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node" [MP:0004131] +def: "OBSOLETE: the earliest cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node." [MP:0004131] comment: Made obsolete as cell components are out of scope is_obsolete: true @@ -81625,7 +81625,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "restriction to Rodentia may be too strong - we appl [Term] id: UBERON:0004022 name: germinal neuroepithelium -def: "The single layer of epithelial cells that lines the early neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells" [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10047, MP:0004261] +def: "The single layer of epithelial cells that lines the early neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10047, MP:0004261] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "germinal neuroepithelial layer" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "germinal neuroepithelium" EXACT [NCBIBook:NBK10047] @@ -81677,7 +81677,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004025 name: lateral ganglionic eminence -def: "A distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE" [MP:0004277] +def: "A distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE." [MP:0004277] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "LGE" BROAD ABBREVIATION [PMID:23375746] xref: DHBA:10551 @@ -81690,7 +81690,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004026 name: caudal ganglionic eminence -def: "The caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle" [MP:0004278] +def: "The caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle." [MP:0004278] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "CGE" BROAD [] @@ -81719,7 +81719,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0004029 name: canal of Schlemm -def: "The vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation" [MP:0005204, Wikipedia:Schlemm's_canal] +def: "The vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation." [MP:0005204, Wikipedia:Schlemm's_canal] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Schlemm's canal" EXACT [] synonym: "scleral sinus" EXACT [FMA:51873] @@ -81741,7 +81741,7 @@ relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 {source="FMA/obol"} ! venous dural sin [Term] id: UBERON:0004030 name: aqueous vein -def: "A vessel that receives aqueous humor from the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm)" [MP:0005207] +def: "A vessel that receives aqueous humor from the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm)." [MP:0005207] comment: a mixture of episcleral venous blood and aqueous humor mix in this combined channel[http://www.atlasophthalmology.com] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37428 {source="MA:th"} @@ -81767,7 +81767,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that develops from the cr [Term] id: UBERON:0004032 name: podocyte slit diaphragm -def: "The thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream" [MP:0008060] +def: "The thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream." [MP:0008060] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of CL:0000653 ! glomerular visceral epithelial cell @@ -81776,7 +81776,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - submit to GO" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004033 name: podocyte slit junction -def: "The gaps between the interdigitated foot processes of the podocyte" [MP:0008062] +def: "The gaps between the interdigitated foot processes of the podocyte." [MP:0008062] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to GO:0098846 ! podocyte foot @@ -81786,7 +81786,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - submit to GO" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004034 name: cutaneous microfibril -def: "The fiber-like strand of fibrillin that forms the scaffold of the cutaneous elastic fibers found in the extracellular matrix of the skin" [MP:0008419] +def: "The fiber-like strand of fibrillin that forms the scaffold of the cutaneous elastic fibers found in the extracellular matrix of the skin." [MP:0008419] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0003967 ! cutaneous elastic tissue @@ -81795,7 +81795,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003967 ! cutaneous elastic tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004035 name: cortical subplate -def: "The transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate" [https://github.com/obophenotype/mouse-anatomy-ontology/issues/1, MP:0008440, Wikipedia:Subplate] +def: "The transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate." [https://github.com/obophenotype/mouse-anatomy-ontology/issues/1, MP:0008440, Wikipedia:Subplate] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebral cortex subplate" EXACT [EMAPA:32833] synonym: "SP" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BRAINSPAN:BRAINSPAN] @@ -81816,35 +81816,35 @@ property_value: development_notes "The transient fetal subplate zone, together w [Term] id: UBERON:0004036 name: obsolete retinal cone cell inner segment -def: "The retinal cone cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region" [MP:0008448] +def: "The retinal cone cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region." [MP:0008448] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004037 name: obsolete retinal cone cell outer segment -def: "The retinal cone cell region in which the visual pigment rhodopsin is in invaginations of the cell membrane" [MP:0008449] +def: "The retinal cone cell region in which the visual pigment rhodopsin is in invaginations of the cell membrane." [MP:0008449] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004038 name: obsolete retinal rod cell inner segment -def: "The retinal rod cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region" [MP:0008455] +def: "The retinal rod cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region." [MP:0008455] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004039 name: obsolete retinal rod cell outer segment -def: "The retinal rod cell region which contains stacks of membranous discs separate from the outer cell membrane that are rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin" [MP:0008456] +def: "The retinal rod cell region which contains stacks of membranous discs separate from the outer cell membrane that are rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin." [MP:0008456] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004040 name: cortical intermediate zone -def: "The region of the developing mammalian cortex that extends between the ventricular zone and the cortical plate (CP); normally, the IZ is a region of tangential migration of cells, and at midgestation, the lower part of the IZ develops into the subventricular zone" [MP:0008457] +def: "The region of the developing mammalian cortex that extends between the ventricular zone and the cortical plate (CP); normally, the IZ is a region of tangential migration of cells, and at midgestation, the lower part of the IZ develops into the subventricular zone." [MP:0008457] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebral cortex mantle layer" RELATED [EMAPA:17545] synonym: "cerebral cortex mantle zone" RELATED [] @@ -81859,7 +81859,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="Wikipedia"} ! Mammalia [Term] id: UBERON:0004041 name: spleen primary B follicle -def: "The nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp" [MP:0008471] +def: "The nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp." [MP:0008471] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "primary spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] xref: EMAPA:37960 {source="MA:th"} @@ -81871,7 +81871,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA:15843 is classified as primary foll [Term] id: UBERON:0004042 name: spleen secondary B follicle -def: "The nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp" [MP:0008472] +def: "The nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp." [MP:0008472] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "secondary spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "splenic secondary B cell follicle" EXACT [MP:0008472] @@ -81883,7 +81883,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004041 {source="CL:tm"} ! spleen primary B f [Term] id: UBERON:0004043 name: semicircular canal ampulla -def: "The spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals" [MP:0008488, Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae] +def: "The spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals." [MP:0008488, Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ampullae osseae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae] synonym: "membraneous ampulla of the semicircular duct" RELATED [MP:0008488] @@ -81901,7 +81901,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO check duct vs canal. Also check FMA - has many [Term] id: UBERON:0004044 name: anterior visceral endoderm -def: "The extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue" [MP:0008533] +def: "The extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue." [MP:0008533] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "AVE" RELATED [BTO:0003361] xref: BTO:0003361 @@ -81912,7 +81912,7 @@ relationship: seeAlso UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak [Term] id: UBERON:0004045 name: tailgut -def: "The extension of the hindgut of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo, caudal to the location of the anal opening" [MP:0008787] +def: "The extension of the hindgut of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo, caudal to the location of the anal opening." [MP:0008787] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:36331 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract @@ -81922,7 +81922,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007144 ! embryonic post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0004046 name: anterior definitive endoderm -def: "The mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and which gives rise to the gut" [MP:0008926] +def: "The mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and which gives rise to the gut." [MP:0008926] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0000089 ! hypoblast (generic) property_value: editor_note "TODO - check" xsd:string @@ -81930,7 +81930,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004047 name: basal cistern -def: "The enclosed space where the arachnoid membrane stretches between the two temporal lobes and encloses the cerebral peduncles including the structures contained in the interpeduncular fossa" [MP:0009029] +def: "The enclosed space where the arachnoid membrane stretches between the two temporal lobes and encloses the cerebral peduncles including the structures contained in the interpeduncular fossa." [MP:0009029] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cisterna interpeduncularis" RELATED [EMAPA:19056] synonym: "cisterna interpeduncularis" RELATED [EMAPA:19149] @@ -81948,7 +81948,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0004048 name: pontine cistern -def: "The space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the celebellum" [MP:0009030] +def: "The space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the celebellum." [MP:0009030] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cisterna pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83719, FMA:TA] xref: BAMS:pcis @@ -81976,7 +81976,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0004050 name: subarachnoid cistern -def: "The widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain" [MP:0009032, Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] +def: "The widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain." [MP:0009032, Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cistern" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] synonym: "cisterna" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] @@ -81994,7 +81994,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA is a subdivision of arachnoid sp [Term] id: UBERON:0004051 name: lateral cerebellomedullary cistern -def: "The space between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla" [MP:0009034] +def: "The space between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla." [MP:0009034] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris lateralis" EXACT [MP:0009034] xref: EMAPA:37815 {source="MA:th"} @@ -82005,7 +82005,7 @@ relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004052 name: quadrigeminal cistern -def: "The enclosed space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus that contains the internal cerebral veins" [MP:0009035] +def: "The enclosed space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus that contains the internal cerebral veins." [MP:0009035] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ambient cistern" EXACT [FMA:74511] synonym: "cistern of great cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:74511] @@ -82027,7 +82027,7 @@ relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002336 ! corpus callosum [Term] id: UBERON:0004053 name: external male genitalia -def: "The external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum" [MP:0009199] +def: "The external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum." [MP:0009199] comment: TODO: Relabel. Make distinct organ class. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -82048,7 +82048,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive sy [Term] id: UBERON:0004054 name: internal male genitalia -def: "The internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands" [MP:0009205] +def: "The internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands." [MP:0009205] comment: TODO: Relabel. Make distinct organ class. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -82066,7 +82066,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider splitting genitalia from genital organ" xs [Term] id: UBERON:0004055 name: primitive pit -def: "The small depression in the primitive streak that is caudal to the primitive node where the cells of the epiblast initially begin to invaginate during early embryogenesis" [MP:0009329, Wikipedia:Primitive_pit] +def: "The small depression in the primitive streak that is caudal to the primitive node where the cells of the epiblast initially begin to invaginate during early embryogenesis." [MP:0009329, Wikipedia:Primitive_pit] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001521 @@ -82086,7 +82086,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The primitive pit is a depression in the ce [Term] id: UBERON:0004056 name: primitive groove -def: "The shallow valley that extends along the length of the primitive streak[MP]" [MP:0009330, Wikipedia:Primitive_groove] +def: "The shallow valley that extends along the length of the primitive streak[MP]." [MP:0009330, Wikipedia:Primitive_groove] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001511 @@ -82103,14 +82103,14 @@ property_value: external_definition "A shallow groove, the primitive groove, app [Term] id: UBERON:0004057 name: skeletal muscle fiber triad -def: "The skeletal muscle fiber structure comprised of the transverse tubule and the two associated terminal cisternae; each fiber normally has thousands of triads" [MP:0009411] +def: "The skeletal muscle fiber structure comprised of the transverse tubule and the two associated terminal cisternae; each fiber normally has thousands of triads." [MP:0009411] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004058 name: biliary ductule -def: "One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP]" [BTO:0002840, MP:0009494] +def: "One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP]." [BTO:0002840, MP:0009494] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bile capillary" RELATED [BTO:0002840] synonym: "bile ductule" EXACT [BTO:0002840] @@ -82132,14 +82132,14 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "In ZFA, Digestive system duct that coll [Term] id: UBERON:0004059 name: spinal cord medial motor column -def: "The subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles" [MP:0009686] +def: "The subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles." [MP:0009686] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0003990 ! spinal cord motor column [Term] id: UBERON:0004060 name: neural tube ventricular layer -def: "The layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen that is the immediate transformation of the germinal neuroepithelium" [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10047, MP:0009689] +def: "The layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen that is the immediate transformation of the germinal neuroepithelium." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10047, MP:0009689] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ependymal layer" BROAD [NCBIBook:NBK10047] synonym: "neural tube ependymal layer" EXACT [NCBIBook:NBK10047] @@ -82176,7 +82176,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004062 name: neural tube marginal layer -def: "The outermost layer of the neural tube that consists of axons from the developing mantle layer and will form the white matter" [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10047, MP:0009691] +def: "The outermost layer of the neural tube that consists of axons from the developing mantle layer and will form the white matter." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10047, MP:0009691] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "brain marginal zone" RELATED [] synonym: "neural tube marginal zone" EXACT [] @@ -82191,7 +82191,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004063 name: spinal cord alar plate -def: "The region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord" [MP:0009692] +def: "The region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord." [MP:0009692] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "alar column spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000899] synonym: "spinal cord alar column" EXACT [MP:0009692] @@ -82255,7 +82255,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004067 name: lateral nasal prominence -def: "The lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it" [MP:0009902, Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_prominence] +def: "The lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it." [MP:0009902, Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_prominence] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lateral nasal process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000916] synonym: "lateral nasal swelling" RELATED [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -82276,7 +82276,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004068 name: medial nasal prominence -def: "The central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it" [MP:0009903, Wikipedia:Medial_nasal_prominence] +def: "The central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it." [MP:0009903, Wikipedia:Medial_nasal_prominence] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "medial nasal process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001076] synonym: "medial nasal swelling" RELATED [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -82300,7 +82300,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "Fusion of right and left medial nasal process [Term] id: UBERON:0004069 name: accessory olfactory bulb -def: "The forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus" [MP:0009945, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Accessory_olfactory_bulb] +def: "The forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus." [MP:0009945, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Accessory_olfactory_bulb] comment: Projection notes: Site of termination of vomeronasal nerve; projects to: other parts of pallial amygdala, medial amygdala, subpallial nucleus (Butler and Hodos) subset: pheno_slim synonym: "accessory (vomeronasal) bulb" EXACT [] @@ -82346,7 +82346,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in humans, vermis lobule regions may be nearly cont id: UBERON:0004073 name: cerebellum interpositus nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0019281 -def: "The nucleus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable" [MP:0009984] +def: "The nucleus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable." [MP:0009984] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "interposed nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interposed_nucleus] synonym: "interposed nucleus of cerebellum" EXACT [] @@ -82667,7 +82667,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "labial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004085 name: labium majora -def: "One of the folds of skin which form the outer lips on both sides of the vaginal opening" [MP:0003515] +def: "One of the folds of skin which form the outer lips on both sides of the vaginal opening." [MP:0003515] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "labia majorum" EXACT [] synonym: "labium majora" EXACT [] @@ -82688,7 +82688,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004086 name: brain ventricle -def: "one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/300] +def: "one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/300] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "brain ventricles" EXACT PLURAL [] @@ -82740,7 +82740,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/R [Term] id: UBERON:0004088 name: orbital region -def: "The subdivision of the face that includes the eye (eyeball plus adnexa such as eyelids) and the orbit of the skull and associated parts of the face such as the eyebrows, if present" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The subdivision of the face that includes the eye (eyeball plus adnexa such as eyelids) and the orbit of the skull and associated parts of the face such as the eyebrows, if present." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "content of orbital part of eye" EXACT [FMA:260119] synonym: "eye region" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -83434,7 +83434,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - ensure definition works across species." xsd [Term] id: UBERON:0004135 name: distal tubule -def: "The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the distal convoluted tubule and distal straight tubule segments" [GO:0072017] +def: "The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the distal convoluted tubule and distal straight tubule segments." [GO:0072017] synonym: "kidney distal tubule" EXACT [MA:0002633] synonym: "renal distal tubule" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000482 @@ -83448,7 +83448,7 @@ relationship: mutually_spatially_disjoint_with UBERON:0012424 ! brush border lay [Term] id: UBERON:0004136 name: intermediate tubule -def: "The intermediate tubule is a nephron tubule that lies between the proximal and distal tubules" [GO:0072018] +def: "The intermediate tubule is a nephron tubule that lies between the proximal and distal tubules." [GO:0072018] synonym: "renal intermediate tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus attenuatus" EXACT [FMA:17718] xref: FMA:17718 @@ -83468,7 +83468,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - find N+S conditions. SMT & develops_from som [Term] id: UBERON:0004139 name: cardiogenic plate -def: "The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field" [GO:0003142] +def: "The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field." [GO:0003142] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac crescent" RELATED [EMAPA:16106] synonym: "cardiogenic crescent" RELATED [GO:0003142] @@ -83523,7 +83523,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "the paired, longitudinal, endothelial-lined [Term] id: UBERON:0004142 name: outflow tract septum -def: "The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract" [GO:0003148] +def: "The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract." [GO:0003148] xref: XAO:0004141 intersection_of: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract @@ -83531,7 +83531,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004145 name: outflow tract -def: "The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries" [GO:0003151] +def: "The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries." [GO:0003151] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "arterial (outflow) pole" RELATED [PMID:20735616] synonym: "cardiac outflow tract" EXACT [PMID:20735616] @@ -83553,7 +83553,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Depending on the species, attached at the cardiac o [Term] id: UBERON:0004146 name: His-Purkinje system -def: "The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles" [GO:0003164, https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/12451] +def: "The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles." [GO:0003164, https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/12451] synonym: "His-Purkinji network" EXACT [] synonym: "HPS" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "VCS" EXACT [] @@ -83567,7 +83567,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "the intraventricular conduction system from [Term] id: UBERON:0004148 name: cardiac vein -def: "Vein of heart that drains the myocardium" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Vein of heart that drains the myocardium." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:12846] synonym: "coronary vein" EXACT [ZFA:0005814] @@ -83617,7 +83617,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - development" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004151 name: cardiac chamber -def: "A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart" [GO:0003205] +def: "A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart." [GO:0003205] comment: generic enough to cover FBbt:00003156 heart chamber but this is a cavity. GO defines it as the cavity. TODO - move subclasses. Note this also includes sinus venosus synonym: "chamber of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "heart chamber" EXACT [] @@ -83705,7 +83705,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004160 name: proepicardium -def: "An embryonic group of progenitor cells that forms from an outpouching of the septum transversum near the venous pole of the heart and gives rise to the epicardium" [GO:0003342, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proepicardium] +def: "An embryonic group of progenitor cells that forms from an outpouching of the septum transversum near the venous pole of the heart and gives rise to the epicardium." [GO:0003342, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proepicardium] synonym: "proepicardial cluster" EXACT [ZFA:0005808] synonym: "proepicardial organ" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080218-16] xref: EMAPA:36025 @@ -83742,7 +83742,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward [Term] id: UBERON:0004162 name: pulmonary myocardium -def: "The pulmonary myocardium is the myocardial tissue present in the pulmonary vein" [GO:0003350] +def: "The pulmonary myocardium is the myocardial tissue present in the pulmonary vein." [GO:0003350] is_a: UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002016 ! pulmonary vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium @@ -83782,7 +83782,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check ZFA structures superior reticular formation m [Term] id: UBERON:0004167 name: orbitofrontal cortex -def: "The region of the cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes; this region normally controls emotion and decision making" [GO:0021769, MGI:csmith, MP:0004170] +def: "The region of the cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes; this region normally controls emotion and decision making." [GO:0021769, MGI:csmith, MP:0004170] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fronto-orbital cortex" EXACT [] @@ -83835,7 +83835,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004171 name: trigeminothalamic tract -def: "The trigeminothalamic tract is one of the major routes of nociceptive and temperature signaling from the face" [GO:0021974] +def: "The trigeminothalamic tract is one of the major routes of nociceptive and temperature signaling from the face." [GO:0021974] synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83852, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigeminal tract" RELATED [BIRNLEX:4097] xref: BAMS:tth @@ -83870,7 +83870,7 @@ relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004174 name: obsolete leg joint -def: "Joint in the leg. For example the knee, which separates the leg tibia and femur" [GO:0035111] +def: "Joint in the leg. For example the knee, which separates the leg tibia and femur." [GO:0035111] comment: Originally created for consistenct with GO, obsoleted when the GO class was obsoleted as the meaning was unclear synonym: "joint of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of lower limb" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] @@ -83880,7 +83880,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0003657 [Term] id: UBERON:0004175 name: internal genitalia -def: "The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals" [GO:0035260] +def: "The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals." [GO:0035260] comment: TODO: make a subdivision of reproductive system. Relabel. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -83894,7 +83894,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004176 name: external genitalia -def: "The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals" [GO:0035261] +def: "The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals." [GO:0035261] comment: TODO: make a subdivision of reproductive system. Relabel. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -83937,7 +83937,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the FMA class 'lymphoid organ' is a gen [Term] id: UBERON:0004178 name: aorta smooth muscle tissue -def: "the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009865] +def: "the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009865] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -83956,7 +83956,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0004179 name: prostate glandular acinus -def: "A saclike structure of the prostate gland, comprised of at least three cell layers: an innermost layer of secretory columnar luminal epithelium, a middle layer of squamous basal epithelium that also contains neuroendocrine cells, transit amplifying cells, and stem cells, and an outer layer of smooth muscle intermixed with other stromal cells" [GO:0060525, PMID:18977204] +def: "A saclike structure of the prostate gland, comprised of at least three cell layers: an innermost layer of secretory columnar luminal epithelium, a middle layer of squamous basal epithelium that also contains neuroendocrine cells, transit amplifying cells, and stem cells, and an outer layer of smooth muscle intermixed with other stromal cells." [GO:0060525, PMID:18977204] synonym: "prostatic acinus" EXACT [FMA:66808] synonym: "prostatic follicle" EXACT [FMA:66808] xref: FMA:66808 @@ -83970,7 +83970,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "the muscle layer is implicitly treated as outside t [Term] id: UBERON:0004180 name: mammary gland fat -def: "The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts" [GO:0060611] +def: "The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts." [GO:0060611] synonym: "adipose tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adipose tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84013,7 +84013,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in female mouse embryos, the primary mammary cord ( [Term] id: UBERON:0004183 name: placental labyrinth blood vessel -def: "The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply" [GO:0060716] +def: "The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply." [GO:0060716] synonym: "blood vessel of labyrinthine layer" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of labyrinthine layer of placenta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of placenta labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84028,7 +84028,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003970 ! placental labyrinth vasculature id: UBERON:0004184 name: prostate gland stroma alt_id: UBERON:0005084 -def: "The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland" [GO:0060741] +def: "The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland." [GO:0060741] synonym: "prostate stroma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic stroma" EXACT [FMA:45719] synonym: "stroma of glandular part of prostate" NARROW [FMA:74349, OBOL:automatic] @@ -84057,7 +84057,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004186 name: olfactory bulb mitral cell layer -def: "The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer" [GO:0061034] +def: "The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer." [GO:0061034] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "mitral cell body layer" EXACT [NLXANAT:100201] synonym: "mitral cell layer" EXACT [BTO:0001108] @@ -84140,7 +84140,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check - GO says outer, BTO says inner. Make [Term] id: UBERON:0004189 name: glomerular endothelium -def: "The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus" [GO:0072011] +def: "The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus." [GO:0072011] synonym: "endothelium of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004631 @@ -84152,7 +84152,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 ! renal glomerulus vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0004190 name: renal glomerulus vasculature -def: "The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus" [GO:0072012] +def: "The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus." [GO:0072012] synonym: "glomerulus vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84164,7 +84164,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus [Term] id: UBERON:0004193 name: loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment -def: "A sub-portion of the loop of Henle in the nephron of the kidney that is permeable to ions but not to water" [GO:0072021, Wikipedia:Thin_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] +def: "A sub-portion of the loop of Henle in the nephron of the kidney that is permeable to ions but not to water." [GO:0072021, Wikipedia:Thin_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ascending limb thin segment of loop of Henle" EXACT [] synonym: "ascending thin limb" EXACT [FMA:17720] @@ -84186,7 +84186,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check relationship to distal tubule" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004194 name: long nephron -def: "Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend to the inner medulla" [GO:0072029] +def: "Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend to the inner medulla." [GO:0072029] synonym: "juxtamedullary nephron" RELATED [GO:0072029, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3031362&group_id=36855&atid=440764] xref: FMA:272054 xref: NCIT:C32892 @@ -84196,7 +84196,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004195 name: short nephron -def: "Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical glomeruli, and have no short ascending limb, so the limb is situated in the outer medulla" [GO:0072030] +def: "Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical glomeruli, and have no short ascending limb, so the limb is situated in the outer medulla." [GO:0072030] xref: FMA:272051 is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron @@ -84235,7 +84235,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001287 {source="GO"} ! proximal convoluted tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004198 name: comma-shaped body -def: "The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron" [GO:0072049] +def: "The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron." [GO:0072049] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "CSB" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] xref: EMAPA:27681 @@ -84247,7 +84247,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010532 {source="cjm"} ! primitive nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004199 name: S-shaped body -def: "The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron" [GO:0072050] +def: "The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron." [GO:0072050] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "SSB" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "stage II nephron" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Renal_vesicle.html] @@ -84296,7 +84296,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "not the same as FMA:50609 Pyramid (whic [Term] id: UBERON:0004201 name: kidney outer medulla inner stripe -def: "The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thick and thin portions of nephron tubules" [GO:0072057] +def: "The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thick and thin portions of nephron tubules." [GO:0072057] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "inner stripe" EXACT [GO:0072057] synonym: "inner stripe of medulla of kidney" EXACT [FMA:76663] @@ -84314,7 +84314,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004202 name: kidney outer medulla outer stripe -def: "The outer stripe is the region of the kidney that lies distal to the line of termination of the straight renal tubules" [GO:0072058] +def: "The outer stripe is the region of the kidney that lies distal to the line of termination of the straight renal tubules." [GO:0072058] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "outer medulla outer stripe" EXACT [MA:0002629] synonym: "outer stripe" EXACT [GO:0072058] @@ -84333,7 +84333,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney id: UBERON:0004203 name: cortical collecting duct alt_id: UBERON:0005267 -def: "The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex" [GO:0072059] +def: "The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex." [GO:0072059] synonym: "kidney cortex collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002600] synonym: "renal cortex collecting duct" RELATED [MA:0002600] xref: BTO:0002643 @@ -84347,7 +84347,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule id: UBERON:0004204 name: outer medullary collecting duct alt_id: UBERON:0005186 -def: "The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla" [GO:0072060] +def: "The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla." [GO:0072060] synonym: "kidney outer medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002599] synonym: "outer renal medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002599] xref: EMAPA:28346 @@ -84359,7 +84359,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney id: UBERON:0004205 name: inner medullary collecting duct alt_id: UBERON:0005187 -def: "The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla" [GO:0072061] +def: "The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla." [GO:0072061] synonym: "inner renal medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002598] synonym: "kidney inner medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002598] synonym: "papillary collecting duct" RELATED [MA:0002598] @@ -84372,14 +84372,14 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004206 name: long descending thin limb bend -def: "The long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment" [GO:0072065] +def: "The long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment." [GO:0072065] is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0004207 name: prebend segment of loop of Henle -def: "The prebend segment is a part of the descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits robust sodium chloride reabsorption" [GO:0072066] +def: "The prebend segment is a part of the descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits robust sodium chloride reabsorption." [GO:0072066] synonym: "prebend segment" RELATED [GO:0072066] is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle @@ -84388,7 +84388,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005096 {source="GO"} ! descending thin limb [Term] id: UBERON:0004208 name: nephrogenic mesenchyme -def: "Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron" [GO:0072076] +def: "Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron." [GO:0072076] comment: The detailed events associated with the differentiation of the nephrogenic mesenchyme are somewhat complex. It has been suggested that each terminal branch of the ureteric bud stimulates the associated cap mesenchyme tissue to form a renal vesicle (the most primitive stage of nephron development: a stage I nephron). This then elongates, becomes a comma-shaped and then an S-shaped body (stage II nephron), and makes contact with and fuses with the distal component of the ureteric bud. The latter then forms the collecting duct. One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman's capsule (also termed the glomerular capsule). Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus. The inner epithelial layer of the Bowman's capsule (also called the visceral epithelium, or podocyte layer because it consists of podocytes) is closely apposed to the endothelial glomerulus. Together, the Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. The rest of the nephron elongates to form components of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule. The distal pole of the developing nephron connects to the ureteric bud that induced it at an early stage of nephron/ collecting duct development, before differentiation of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule are complete. This connection allows the excretory products produced by the kidney to be removed and subsequently transferred, via the ureter, into the bladder where they are stored until it is appropriate to empty the bladder. [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron] synonym: "mesenchyme of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nephron mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84410,7 +84410,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "note that this class includes both metanephric and [Term] id: UBERON:0004211 name: nephron epithelium -def: "The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron" [GO:0072088] +def: "The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron." [GO:0072088] synonym: "epithelial tissue of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nephron epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84420,7 +84420,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004212 name: glomerular capillary -def: "the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus" [MGI:csmith, MP:0011320] +def: "the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011320] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood capillary of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84663,7 +84663,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! alimentary part of gastrointestinal sy [Term] id: UBERON:0004227 name: kidney pelvis smooth muscle -def: "the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis" [MGI:csmith, MP:0011335] +def: "the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011335] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney pelvis smooth muscle" EXACT [EMAPA:28120] synonym: "pelvic smooth muscle" RELATED [EMAPA:28120] @@ -86662,7 +86662,7 @@ relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit [Term] id: UBERON:0004339 name: vault of skull -def: "Upper part of skull, consisting of parietals, frontals, post-parietals, and in some species the squamosal and a portion of the alisphenoid" [MP:0000076, PMID:11523816, Wikipedia:Calvaria_(skull)] +def: "Upper part of skull, consisting of parietals, frontals, post-parietals, and in some species the squamosal and a portion of the alisphenoid." [MP:0000076, PMID:11523816, Wikipedia:Calvaria_(skull)] comment: Terminology notes. we include calvarium as a synonym, but Gray's Anatomy's list includes the Ethmoid and Sphenoid bone in the Calvaria. Some books (and HPO) state that calvaria consists of just the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, and occipital bone. Note vault may not be precisely equivalent to calvaria subset: pheno_slim synonym: "calva" EXACT [FMA:52800] @@ -86722,7 +86722,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic [Term] id: UBERON:0004341 name: primitive streak -def: "The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP]" [MP:0002231, Wikipedia:Primitive_streak] +def: "The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP]." [MP:0002231, Wikipedia:Primitive_streak] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim synonym: "primitive streak - blastopore - germ ring" EXACT [VHOG:0001202] @@ -86748,7 +86748,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the blastopore equivalent of chordates (ge [Term] id: UBERON:0004344 name: cardinal vein -def: "Any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column" [MP:0004783] +def: "Any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column." [MP:0004783] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardinal sinus" RELATED [BTO:0004385] synonym: "cardinal vein system" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000213] @@ -86771,7 +86771,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0004345 name: trophectoderm -def: "outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition" [MP:0005028] +def: "outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition." [MP:0005028] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim xref: BTO:0001840 @@ -86793,7 +86793,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that c id: UBERON:0004346 name: gubernaculum (male or female) alt_id: UBERON:0000452 -def: "embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]" [MP:0005149, Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] +def: "embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]." [MP:0005149, Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "caudal suspensory ligament" RELATED [EMAPA:19089] synonym: "Gabernaculum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] @@ -86842,7 +86842,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Early outgrowth of presumptive limb.[AAO]" [Term] id: UBERON:0004348 name: optic eminence -def: "The embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm" [MP:0006305] +def: "The embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm." [MP:0006305] subset: pheno_slim xref: EHDAA:938 xref: EMAPA:16322 @@ -86940,7 +86940,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod limb is derived from a posterior pa [Term] id: UBERON:0004358 name: caput epididymis -def: "The head of the epididymis" [MP:0002660] +def: "The head of the epididymis." [MP:0002660] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "caput" BROAD [MP:0002660] synonym: "caput epididymidis" RELATED [BTO:0000336] @@ -86963,7 +86963,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The head of the epididymis receives spermatozoa [Term] id: UBERON:0004359 name: corpus epididymis -def: "The body of the epididymis" [MP:0002661] +def: "The body of the epididymis." [MP:0002661] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "body of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18260] synonym: "body of epidymis" EXACT [] @@ -86984,7 +86984,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0004360 name: cauda epididymis -def: "The tail of the epididymis" [MP:0002662] +def: "The tail of the epididymis." [MP:0002662] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cauda epididymidis" EXACT [BTO:0000210] synonym: "corpus" BROAD [MP:0002662] @@ -87008,7 +87008,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "This has a thicker myoepithelium than the head [Term] id: UBERON:0004361 name: stylohyoid ligament -def: "The fibrous cord that connects the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone" [MP:0009918, Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] +def: "The fibrous cord that connects the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone." [MP:0009918, Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ligamentum stylohyoideum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum stylohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] @@ -87025,7 +87025,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 {source="MP-implied-by-def"} ! Reiche [Term] id: UBERON:0004362 name: pharyngeal arch 1 -def: "The first of the series of pharyngeal arches that develop into jaw bones or their homologs, and their associated nerves and arteries" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The first of the series of pharyngeal arches that develop into jaw bones or their homologs, and their associated nerves and arteries." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -87065,7 +87065,7 @@ property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger id: UBERON:0004363 name: pharyngeal arch artery alt_id: UBERON:0004342 -def: "One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures formed within a pharyngeal arch; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels[MP]" [MP:0002672] +def: "One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures formed within a pharyngeal arch; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels[MP]." [MP:0002672] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -87115,7 +87115,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Number varies - Lampreys have 8, hagfishes 15; only [Term] id: UBERON:0004364 name: ectoplacental cone -def: "thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta" [MP:0001717, PMID:19829370] +def: "thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta." [MP:0001717, PMID:19829370] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epamniotic cone" EXACT [] synonym: "placenta - ectoplacental cone" EXACT [] @@ -87184,7 +87184,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/15 xsd:any [Term] id: UBERON:0004368 name: Reichert's cartilage -def: "A continuous cartilaginous formation in mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch in the embryo. The longer cranial or styloid segment is continuous with the otic capsule; its inferior end is angulated and is situated very close to the oropharynx. The smaller caudal segment is in contact with the body and greater horn of the hyoid cartilaginous structure" [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00524.x, MP:0004916] +def: "A continuous cartilaginous formation in mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch in the embryo. The longer cranial or styloid segment is continuous with the otic capsule; its inferior end is angulated and is situated very close to the oropharynx. The smaller caudal segment is in contact with the body and greater horn of the hyoid cartilaginous structure." [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00524.x, MP:0004916] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hyaloid cartilage" EXACT [MP:0004916] synonym: "hyoid cartilage" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000793] @@ -87204,7 +87204,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in EHDAA2 this also develops from 3rd a [Term] id: UBERON:0004369 name: Reichert's membrane -def: "An nonvascular extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm; required for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients and is important for the postgastrulation development[MP]. a thick multilayered basement membrane between the parietal endoderm cells and the trophoblast cells" [DOI:10.1007/BF00184752, MP:0003954] +def: "An nonvascular extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm; required for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients and is important for the postgastrulation development[MP]. a thick multilayered basement membrane between the parietal endoderm cells and the trophoblast cells." [DOI:10.1007/BF00184752, MP:0003954] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:16057 xref: FMA:276826 @@ -88244,7 +88244,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, there are 24 presacral vertebrae (7 cerv id: UBERON:0004452 name: carpal region alt_id: UBERON:0001462 -def: "A mesopodium that is part of a manus. Includes as parts the carpal skeleton and associated tissues[cjm]. The anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints. This region also includes the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum[WP,unvetted]" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Wrist] +def: "A mesopodium that is part of a manus. Includes as parts the carpal skeleton and associated tissues[cjm]. The anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints. This region also includes the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum[WP,unvetted]." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Wrist] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio radiocarpea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Wrist] @@ -89388,7 +89388,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the MA term, even though plural, repres [Term] id: UBERON:0004544 name: epididymis epithelium -def: "the layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis" [MGI:csmith, MP:0004933] +def: "the layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004933] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epididymis epithelium" EXACT [FMA:19153] synonym: "epithelium of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:19153] @@ -89450,7 +89450,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004547 name: decidua capsularis -def: "The layer of uterine endometrium overlying the implanted chorionic vesicle and facing the uterine cavity" [MP:0012530] +def: "The layer of uterine endometrium overlying the implanted chorionic vesicle and facing the uterine cavity." [MP:0012530] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "antimesometrial decidua" RELATED [EMAPA:35271] xref: EMAPA:35271 @@ -89499,7 +89499,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0004550 name: gastroesophageal sphincter -def: "the thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010153] +def: "the thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010153] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac sphincter" EXACT [MA:0002951, MP:0010153] synonym: "cardiac sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] @@ -89676,7 +89676,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0004581 name: systemic venous system -def: "The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Systemic_venous_system] +def: "The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Systemic_venous_system] synonym: "systemic venous circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45626] xref: FMA:45626 xref: Wikipedia:Systemic_venous_system @@ -89720,7 +89720,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA class is not a subtype of muscle" x [Term] id: UBERON:0004601 name: rib 1 -def: "The first rib of the rib cage" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The first rib of the rib cage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series subset: pheno_slim synonym: "costa I" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -89743,7 +89743,7 @@ property_value: rib_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004602 name: rib 2 -def: "The second rib of the rib cage" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The second rib of the rib cage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "costa II" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "costa secunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Second_rib] @@ -90426,7 +90426,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in elasmobranchs, it remains cartilaginous in the a [Term] id: UBERON:0004638 name: blood vessel endothelium -def: "An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: BTO:0000766 @@ -90443,7 +90443,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004639 name: renal afferent arteriole -def: "the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011312] +def: "the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011312] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "afferent arteriole" EXACT [MA:0002579] @@ -90471,7 +90471,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004640 name: renal efferent arteriole -def: "the blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011313] +def: "the blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011313] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Efferent_arteriole] @@ -90497,7 +90497,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004641 name: spleen capsule -def: "the connective tissue that surrounds the spleen" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002227] +def: "the connective tissue that surrounds the spleen." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002227] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "capsula splenica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15849, FMA:TA] synonym: "capsule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849] @@ -90605,7 +90605,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004647 name: liver lobule -def: "the polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008987] +def: "the polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008987] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hepatic lobule" EXACT [FMA:14471] synonym: "lobules of liver" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Lobules_of_liver] @@ -90647,7 +90647,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0004649 name: sphenoid bone pterygoid process -def: "the process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004452] +def: "the process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004452] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "processus pterygoideus" EXACT [FMA:54682] synonym: "processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54682, FMA:TA] @@ -90687,7 +90687,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0004651 name: scapula spine -def: "the triangular ridge on the dorsal aspect of the scapula which separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa and where the trapezius and deltoid muscles are attached" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004347] +def: "the triangular ridge on the dorsal aspect of the scapula which separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa and where the trapezius and deltoid muscles are attached." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004347] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "scapular spine" RELATED [FMA:13453, MA:0002806] synonym: "spina scapulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula] @@ -90766,7 +90766,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004657 name: mandible condylar process -def: "articular part of the mandible bone" [MFMO:0000056] +def: "articular part of the mandible bone." [MFMO:0000056] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "condylar process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52836] synonym: "condyle of mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process] @@ -90852,7 +90852,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0004662 name: vertebra lamina -def: "two broad plates directed dorsomedially from the pedicles; these fuse at the dorsal midline, and complete the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004605] +def: "two broad plates directed dorsomedially from the pedicles; these fuse at the dorsal midline, and complete the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004605] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lamina arcus vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:11951, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina of vertebra" EXACT [FMA:11951] @@ -90886,7 +90886,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0004664 name: aorta tunica adventitia -def: "the outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009871] +def: "the outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009871] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "tunica adventitia of aorta" EXACT [FMA:14283] xref: EMAPA:35136 @@ -90917,7 +90917,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle id: UBERON:0004666 name: interventricular septum membranous part alt_id: UBERON:0004143 -def: "The membranous portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart" [MP:0008823] +def: "The membranous portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart." [MP:0008823] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac ventricular membranous septum" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "membranous interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135] @@ -90947,7 +90947,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The membranous septum is the upper part of id: UBERON:0004667 name: interventricular septum muscular part alt_id: UBERON:0004144 -def: "The muscular portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Interventricular_septum#Portions] +def: "The muscular portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Interventricular_septum#Portions] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac ventricular muscular septum" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "muscular interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7134] @@ -91170,7 +91170,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check relationship to spinal cord lateral co [Term] id: UBERON:0004677 name: spinal cord gray commissure -def: "the band of grey substance spanning the midline of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009696] +def: "the band of grey substance spanning the midline of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009696] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "area spinalis X" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68871, FMA:TA] synonym: "central gelatinous substance" RELATED [NeuroNames:1649] @@ -91256,7 +91256,7 @@ relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater [Term] id: UBERON:0004680 name: body of fornix -def: "Part of fornix adjacent to the crura where they join together at the midline underneath the corpus callosum" [BIRNLEX:739] +def: "Part of fornix adjacent to the crura where they join together at the midline underneath the corpus callosum." [BIRNLEX:739] synonym: "body of fornix" EXACT [BIRNLEX:739] synonym: "body of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61968] synonym: "column of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61968] @@ -91323,7 +91323,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004683 name: parasubiculum -def: "A transitional zone between the presubiculum and the entorhinal area in the mouse (Paxinos-2001), the rat (Swanson-1998) and the primate (Zilles-1990). Defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture, it is more similar to the presubiculum than to the entorhinal area (Zilles-1990). (from Brain Info)" [NLXANAT:091002] +def: "A transitional zone between the presubiculum and the entorhinal area in the mouse (Paxinos-2001), the rat (Swanson-1998) and the primate (Zilles-1990). Defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture, it is more similar to the presubiculum than to the entorhinal area (Zilles-1990). (from Brain Info)." [NLXANAT:091002] synonym: "parasubicular area" EXACT [NLXANAT:091002] synonym: "parasubicular cortex" RELATED [DHBA:10316] synonym: "parasubicular cortex (parasubiculum)" EXACT [DHBA:10316] @@ -91381,7 +91381,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004685 name: obsolete middle temporal area -def: "The term 'middle temporal visual area' was first used by Allman and Kaas (1971) for a region of the owl monkey brain located on the 'caudal third of the middle temporal gyrus.' Functionally, it contains 'a complete representation of the contralateral half of the visual field... This representation of the visual field (MT) corresponds to a histologically distinct area adjacent and rostral to area 19... The horizontal meridian divides MT into a lateral portion representing the upper visual quadrant and a medial portion representing the lower quadrant. The center of gaze is represented in the caudal portion of MT bordering area 19.'" [NLXANAT:20090308] +def: "The term 'middle temporal visual area' was first used by Allman and Kaas (1971) for a region of the owl monkey brain located on the 'caudal third of the middle temporal gyrus.' Functionally, it contains 'a complete representation of the contralateral half of the visual field... This representation of the visual field (MT) corresponds to a histologically distinct area adjacent and rostral to area 19... The horizontal meridian divides MT into a lateral portion representing the upper visual quadrant and a medial portion representing the lower quadrant. The center of gaze is represented in the caudal portion of MT bordering area 19.'." [NLXANAT:20090308] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [NLXANAT:20090308] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68618] is_obsolete: true @@ -91418,7 +91418,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in MA, EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of [Term] id: UBERON:0004687 name: lieno-renal ligament -def: "peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich]" [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/peritoneum_tables.html, Wikipedia:Splenorenal_ligament] +def: "peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich]." [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/peritoneum_tables.html, Wikipedia:Splenorenal_ligament] comment: Multiple sources support greater omentum assignment. E.g. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/splenorenal+ligament. We change the MA part_of assignment to develops_from synonym: "lienorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522] synonym: "ligamentum lienorenale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16522, FMA:TA] @@ -91518,7 +91518,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris [Term] id: UBERON:0004693 name: Peyer's patch epithelium -def: "the specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch" [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002388] +def: "the specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch." [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002388] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "peyer's patch epithelium" EXACT [MA:0000731] xref: EMAPA:36506 @@ -91559,7 +91559,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004237 ! blood vessel smooth muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004697 name: Peyer's patch germinal center -def: "Area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells" [MP:0002391] +def: "Area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells." [MP:0002391] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:35684 xref: MA:0000734 @@ -91693,7 +91693,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO check fenestra vs fossa. fenestra = hole, foss [Term] id: UBERON:0004706 name: bulbus cordis -def: "a transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010568] +def: "a transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010568] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "primitive right ventricle endocardium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000197, JB:def] @@ -91997,7 +91997,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Kidney:PioM.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0004720 name: cerebellar vermis -def: "A subregion of the cerebellar cortex, consisting of the most medial zone of the cerebellar cortex, stradding the midline. May be continuous with the lateral cerebellar hemispheres in some areas of the cerebellum, e.g., dorsally, or separated by deeper fissures in others (e.g., ventrally)" [BIRNLEX:1106] +def: "A subregion of the cerebellar cortex, consisting of the most medial zone of the cerebellar cortex, stradding the midline. May be continuous with the lateral cerebellar hemispheres in some areas of the cerebellum, e.g., dorsally, or separated by deeper fissures in others (e.g., ventrally)." [BIRNLEX:1106] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellum vermis" EXACT [FMA:76928] synonym: "vermal parts of the cerebellum" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1175] @@ -92117,7 +92117,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004725 name: piriform cortex -def: "the subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract; it is located bilaterally in the ventrolateral forebrain and is commonly divided into anterior and posterior regions" [MP:0010009, PMID:17714095] +def: "the subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract; it is located bilaterally in the ventrolateral forebrain and is commonly divided into anterior and posterior regions." [MP:0010009, PMID:17714095] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "area prepiriformis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:165] synonym: "cortex piriformis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] @@ -92408,7 +92408,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The teleost pronephros shares many essential fea [Term] id: UBERON:0004740 name: basibranchial bone -def: "A basibranchial element that is bone. Basibranchial elements are ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, TAO:wd] +def: "A basibranchial element that is bone. Basibranchial elements are ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, TAO:wd] subset: efo_slim synonym: "basibranchial bone" EXACT [TAO:0000170] synonym: "basibranchial bones" EXACT PLURAL [] @@ -92689,7 +92689,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired [Term] id: UBERON:0004752 name: palatoquadrate cartilage -def: "The dorsal component of the mandibular arch" [Wikipedia:Palatoquadrate] +def: "The dorsal component of the mandibular arch." [Wikipedia:Palatoquadrate] synonym: "dorsal mandibular cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001399] synonym: "palatoquadrate" EXACT [AAO:0000379] synonym: "pterygoquadrate" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0001399] @@ -92753,7 +92753,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "In most individuals, the foramen ovale closes [Term] id: UBERON:0004755 name: skeletal tissue -def: "A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]" [GO_REF:0000034, http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051070, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/134, PSPUB:0000170, VSAO:0000015] +def: "A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]." [GO_REF:0000034, http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051070, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/134, PSPUB:0000170, VSAO:0000015] comment: Four classes of mineralized tissues are found in vertebrates: bone, cartilage, dentine, and enamel. We think of cartilage and bone as skeletal tissues and of enamel and dentine as dental tissues, but enamel and dentine arose evolutionarily together with bone as skeletal tissues in the dermal skeleton (exoskeleton) of early vertebrates. Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. Cartilage, on the other hand, provided the basis for the second vertebrate skeletal system, the endoskeleton (Smith and Hall, 1990; Hall, 1998a,b). some invertebrate skeletal tissues have surprisingly bone-like features. Examples include chondrocytes interconnected by cell processes in cephalopod cartilages (Cole and Hall, 2004a,b), and the calcium phosphate layer in the shells of brachiopods (Rodland et al., 2003). However, neither bone nor mineralized cartilage have been found in invertebrates. Editors notes: TODO - develops_from xref: EMAPA:37744 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0003047 @@ -92938,7 +92938,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the vomer.[TAO]" [Term] id: UBERON:0004768 name: bone of lower jaw -def: "Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the suprangular" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the suprangular." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: grouping_class synonym: "lower jaw bone" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone element @@ -93265,7 +93265,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004785 name: respiratory system mucosa -def: "the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract" [MESH:A04.760, MGI:cwg, MP:0002277] +def: "the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract." [MESH:A04.760, MGI:cwg, MP:0002277] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93334,7 +93334,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0004788 name: kidney pelvis urothelium -def: "the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis" [MGI:csmith, MP:0011336] +def: "the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011336] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney pelvis transitional epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93392,7 +93392,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "See comments for 'skin mucus'" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004791 name: thymus trabecula -def: "the thymic connective tissue which extends into the parenchyma" [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002370] +def: "the thymic connective tissue which extends into the parenchyma." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002370] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "thymic trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93572,7 +93572,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The epithelium of the cervix is varied. The ect [Term] id: UBERON:0004802 name: respiratory tract epithelium -def: "the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0010942] +def: "the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0010942] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "airway epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000419] synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93729,7 +93729,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler=" [Term] id: UBERON:0004810 name: nephron tubule epithelium -def: "the cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009640] +def: "the cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009640] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney tubule epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001681] xref: BTO:0005239 @@ -93792,7 +93792,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "NCITA term may be sex-neutral" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004813 name: seminiferous tubule epithelium -def: "the stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule" [MGI:csmith, MP:0011750] +def: "the stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011750] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule of testis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93894,7 +93894,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002041 ! terminal bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004819 name: kidney epithelium -def: "the cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces" [MGI:csmith, MP:0004967] +def: "the cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004967] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelial tissue of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -94176,7 +94176,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0004851 name: aorta endothelium -def: "the thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009864] +def: "the thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009864] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "adult aorta endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -94356,7 +94356,7 @@ relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 {source="PMID:21622558", source="PMI [Term] id: UBERON:0004865 name: actinopterygian parietal bone -def: "Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone.[TAO]" [TAO:0000486, TAO:GA_TG] +def: "Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone.[TAO]." [TAO:0000486, TAO:GA_TG] synonym: "actinopterygian parietal" EXACT [] synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [FMA:52734] synonym: "parietal bone" NARROW SENSU [TAO:0000486] @@ -94420,7 +94420,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "note that the AAO and ZFA class is a ca [Term] id: UBERON:0004868 name: tapetum lucidum of camera-type eye -def: "A layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrate animals, that lies immediately behind or sometimes within the retina. It reflects visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors" [PMID:14738502, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum] +def: "A layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrate animals, that lies immediately behind or sometimes within the retina. It reflects visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors." [PMID:14738502, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum] synonym: "tapeta lucida" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "tapetum lucidum" EXACT [] xref: Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum @@ -94589,7 +94589,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "Gilbert uses visceral endoderm as a synonym f [Term] id: UBERON:0004878 name: distal visceral endoderm -def: "precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]" [MP:0010126] +def: "precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0010126] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0004877 ! visceral endoderm @@ -94611,7 +94611,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/153 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0004880 name: chordamesoderm -def: "The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "axial chorda mesoderm" EXACT [ZFA:0000091] @@ -94744,14 +94744,14 @@ property_value: external_definition "The part of the right lung that is not cove [Term] id: UBERON:0004889 name: lobar bronchus vasculature -def: "Vasculature that is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs" [LG:0012616] +def: "Vasculature that is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs." [LG:0012616] intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004890 name: right lung accessory lobe -def: "A specialized lobe of the right lung that extends to the left side of the organism" [LG:0012619] +def: "A specialized lobe of the right lung that extends to the left side of the organism." [LG:0012619] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "diaphragmatic lobe" NARROW [ISBN:0123813611] synonym: "intermediate lobe of right lung" NARROW [ISBN:0123813611] @@ -94776,7 +94776,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004892 name: lobar bronchus alveolar system -def: "The lobar bronchus alveolar system is where molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged, by diffusion, between the gaseous environment and the blood in the lobar bronchus" [LG:0012622] +def: "The lobar bronchus alveolar system is where molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged, by diffusion, between the gaseous environment and the blood in the lobar bronchus." [LG:0012622] is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus @@ -94801,7 +94801,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system id: UBERON:0004894 name: alveolar wall alt_id: UBERON:0008872 -def: "A wall that contains the alveoli" [LG:0012626, MP:0010903] +def: "A wall that contains the alveoli." [LG:0012626, MP:0010903] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "alveolus wall" RELATED [EMAPA:35120] synonym: "pulmonary alveolar wall" EXACT [FMA:14117] @@ -94822,7 +94822,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "part of wall in FMA" xsd:string {extern [Term] id: UBERON:0004895 name: alveolar smooth muscle -def: "Alveolar smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the walls of the alveolus" [LG:0012628] +def: "Alveolar smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the walls of the alveolus." [LG:0012628] xref: EMAPA:35122 xref: MA:0002759 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue @@ -94831,7 +94831,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004896 name: right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus -def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus is the major airway within the right lung accessory lobe that starts at the division of the bronchus on the right side and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi" [LG:0012636] +def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus is the major airway within the right lung accessory lobe that starts at the division of the bronchus on the right side and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi." [LG:0012636] synonym: "lobar bronchus of accessory lobe" BROAD [EMAPA:17982] synonym: "lobar bronchus of right lung accessory lobe" EXACT [VHOG:0000239] xref: EHDAA2:0001736 @@ -94843,7 +94843,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004897 name: right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme -def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012640] +def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus." [LG:0012640] xref: EMAPA:17983 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung @@ -94857,7 +94857,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004899 name: right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme -def: "The right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012659] +def: "The right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus." [LG:0012659] xref: EMAPA:17993 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung @@ -94866,7 +94866,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004900 name: right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme -def: "The right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012672] +def: "The right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus." [LG:0012672] xref: EMAPA:17999 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung @@ -94875,7 +94875,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004901 name: right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme -def: "The right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung lobar bronchus" [LG:0012681] +def: "The right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung lobar bronchus." [LG:0012681] xref: EMAPA:17665 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung @@ -94884,7 +94884,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004902 name: urogenital sinus epithelium -def: "The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra" [PMID:18977204] +def: "The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra." [PMID:18977204] synonym: "epithelium of urogenital sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "UGE" EXACT [PMID:18977204] xref: EHDAA2:0004061 @@ -94909,7 +94909,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004904 name: neuron projection bundle connecting eye with brain -def: "A neuron projection bundle that connects the retina or its analog in the eye with the brain. This includes the vertebrate optic nerve (not truly a nerve) as well as analogous structures such as the Bolwig nerve in Drosophila" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A neuron projection bundle that connects the retina or its analog in the eye with the brain. This includes the vertebrate optic nerve (not truly a nerve) as well as analogous structures such as the Bolwig nerve in Drosophila." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: for the vertebrate-specific structure, see UBERON:0000941 (cranial nerve II) subset: grouping_class subset: pheno_slim @@ -97173,7 +97173,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0005042 name: inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane -def: "A portion of the tympanic cavity epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:11237469] +def: "A portion of the tympanic cavity epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:11237469] synonym: "mucosa of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844] synonym: "mucous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844] synonym: "mucous stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844] @@ -97353,7 +97353,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver [Term] id: UBERON:0005051 name: mediastinum testis -def: "The mediastinum testis is a network of fibrous connective tissue that extends from the upper to near the lower extremity of the testis, and is wider above than below. From its front and sides numerous imperfect septa (trabeculæ) are given off, which radiate toward the surface of the organ, and are attached to the tunica albuginea. They divide the interior of the organ into a number of incomplete spaces, called lobules. These are somewhat cone-shaped, being broad at their bases at the surface of the gland, and becoming narrower as they converge to the mediastinum. The mediastinum supports the rete testis and blood vessels of the testis in their passage to and from the substance of the gland[WP]" [Wikipedia:Mediastinum_testis] +def: "The mediastinum testis is a network of fibrous connective tissue that extends from the upper to near the lower extremity of the testis, and is wider above than below. From its front and sides numerous imperfect septa (trabeculæ) are given off, which radiate toward the surface of the organ, and are attached to the tunica albuginea. They divide the interior of the organ into a number of incomplete spaces, called lobules. These are somewhat cone-shaped, being broad at their bases at the surface of the gland, and becoming narrower as they converge to the mediastinum. The mediastinum supports the rete testis and blood vessels of the testis in their passage to and from the substance of the gland[WP]." [Wikipedia:Mediastinum_testis] synonym: "body of highmore" EXACT [FMA:19812] synonym: "hilum of testicle" EXACT [] synonym: "mediastinum of testis" EXACT [FMA:19812] @@ -97735,7 +97735,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002030 ! nipple [Term] id: UBERON:0005085 name: ectodermal placode -def: "An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]" [GO:0060788] +def: "An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]." [GO:0060788] synonym: "epithelial placode" RELATED [AEO:0000112] xref: AEO:0000218 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium @@ -98413,7 +98413,7 @@ intersection_of: has_quality PATO:0000588 ! vestigial [Term] id: UBERON:0005161 name: pelvic spur -def: "Pelvic spurs are the externally visible portion of the vestigial remnants of legs found on each side of the vent in primitive snakes, such as boas and pythons. The remnants of a pelvis and femur, which have no connection with the spine, simply 'float' in the muscle mass. The femur protrudes from the snake's body and is covered by a corneal spur, which resembles a claw. Males' spurs are generally longer and more pointed than females', and are used for clasping and tickling during courtship and mating, as well as combat with other males in some species" [Wikipedia:Pelvic_spur] +def: "Pelvic spurs are the externally visible portion of the vestigial remnants of legs found on each side of the vent in primitive snakes, such as boas and pythons. The remnants of a pelvis and femur, which have no connection with the spine, simply 'float' in the muscle mass. The femur protrudes from the snake's body and is covered by a corneal spur, which resembles a claw. Males' spurs are generally longer and more pointed than females', and are used for clasping and tickling during courtship and mating, as well as combat with other males in some species." [Wikipedia:Pelvic_spur] synonym: "anal spur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anal_spur] synonym: "cloacal spur" RELATED [] xref: Wikipedia:Pelvic_spur @@ -98481,7 +98481,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005168 name: renal interlobular vein -def: "Any of the veins that parallel the interlobular arteries, receiving blood from the peritubular capillary plexus and empty into the arcuate veins" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011326] +def: "Any of the veins that parallel the interlobular arteries, receiving blood from the peritubular capillary plexus and empty into the arcuate veins." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011326] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "interlobular vein" EXACT [MA:0002594] synonym: "interlobular veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71634] @@ -98711,7 +98711,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0005185 name: renal medulla collecting duct -def: "The portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal medulla" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal medulla." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "kidney medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002935] synonym: "medullary collecting duct" EXACT [EMAPA:28061] xref: BTO:0004536 @@ -99598,7 +99598,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="MA"} ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005269 name: renal cortex vein -def: "Artery that receives blood from the renal cortex[MP, modified]" [MGI:csmith] +def: "Artery that receives blood from the renal cortex[MP, modified]." [MGI:csmith] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney cortex vein" RELATED [MP:0011322] synonym: "renal cortex venous system" RELATED [MA:0002592] @@ -99645,7 +99645,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="FMA", source="KUPO"} ! cortex of k [Term] id: UBERON:0005272 name: peritubular capillary -def: "the tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure" [MGI:csmith, MP:0011321] +def: "the tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011321] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:36558 xref: MA:0002588 @@ -99943,7 +99943,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0016887 ! entire extraembryonic component [Term] id: UBERON:0005293 name: cerebellum lobe -def: "A major subdivision of the cerebellum: anterior, posterior and flocculonodular" [Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Gross_anatomical_divisions] +def: "A major subdivision of the cerebellum: anterior, posterior and flocculonodular." [Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Gross_anatomical_divisions] synonym: "cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:242392] synonym: "cerebellar lobes" RELATED [BAMS:CBl] synonym: "lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:242392] @@ -99960,7 +99960,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0005294 name: gonadal ridge -def: "the elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary" [MGI:anna, MP:0011411] +def: "the elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary." [MGI:anna, MP:0011411] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista gonadalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge] @@ -100154,7 +100154,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check plexus vs nerve. WP indicates it is a 'transi [Term] id: UBERON:0005304 name: submucous nerve plexus -def: "the gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers that ramify the stomach and intestinal submucosa" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010800] +def: "the gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers that ramify the stomach and intestinal submucosa." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010800] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Henle's plexus" RELATED [MA:0001149] synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED [HP:0002251, MA:0001149] @@ -100931,7 +100931,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "median funnel­-shaped invagination of ectoderm, th [Term] id: UBERON:0005357 name: brain ependyma -def: "the ependymal cell layer that lines the brain ventricles" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] +def: "the ependymal cell layer that lines the brain ventricles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ependyma of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:242837] xref: EMAPA:35183 @@ -100957,7 +100957,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005359 name: spinal cord ependyma -def: "the ependymal cell layer that lines the spinal cord" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] +def: "the ependymal cell layer that lines the spinal cord." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ependyma of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242839] synonym: "spinal cord ependymal layer" EXACT [MA:0001125] @@ -101009,7 +101009,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "We follow FMA and VHOG in making the re [Term] id: UBERON:0005361 name: superior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion -def: "The upper ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. is situated in the upper part of the groove in which the glossopharyngeal nerve is lodged during its passage through the jugular foramen. It is very small, and is usually regarded as a detached portion of the inferior ganglion" [MP:0001097, Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] +def: "The upper ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. is situated in the upper part of the groove in which the glossopharyngeal nerve is lodged during its passage through the jugular foramen. It is very small, and is usually regarded as a detached portion of the inferior ganglion." [MP:0001097, Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] comment: Synonym modified from WP original subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Ehrenritter's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474] @@ -101042,7 +101042,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005362 name: vagus X ganglion -def: "the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the vagus nerve" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001100] +def: "the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the vagus nerve." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001100] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:53472] synonym: "gX" BROAD [ZFA:0007067] @@ -101066,7 +101066,7 @@ intersection_of: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0005363 name: inferior vagus X ganglion -def: "the large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve)" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001087, PMID:9362461] +def: "the large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001087, PMID:9362461] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ganglion inferius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6230] @@ -101100,7 +101100,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thic [Term] id: UBERON:0005364 name: superior vagus X ganglion -def: "the upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001101] +def: "the upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001101] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ganglion superius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "ganglion superius nervus vagi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6229, FMA:TA] @@ -101189,7 +101189,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "Like the SR, contains Schaffer collateral fiber [Term] id: UBERON:0005371 name: hippocampus stratum oriens -def: "Layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3. (adapted from Paxinos The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995)" [BIRNLEX:4113] +def: "Layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3. (adapted from Paxinos The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995)." [BIRNLEX:4113] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gyrus cuneus" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:157] synonym: "oriens layer of hippocampus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4113] @@ -101231,7 +101231,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "contains septal and commissural fibers. It also [Term] id: UBERON:0005373 name: spinal cord dorsal column -def: "the wedge-shaped fiber bundle of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord that is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus; it is part of the ascending posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, ISBN:0940780577, MP:0009677] +def: "the wedge-shaped fiber bundle of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord that is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus; it is part of the ascending posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, ISBN:0940780577, MP:0009677] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "dorsal column" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal column of spinal cord" EXACT [] @@ -101260,7 +101260,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "The dorsal column is a part of the spinal cord w [Term] id: UBERON:0005374 name: spinal cord lateral column -def: "the region of white matter of the spinal cord that is located between the dorsal and ventral spinal roots" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009678] +def: "the region of white matter of the spinal cord that is located between the dorsal and ventral spinal roots." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009678] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lateral column" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral columns" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0000531] @@ -101279,7 +101279,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check relationship between column and funicu [Term] id: UBERON:0005375 name: spinal cord ventral column -def: "the area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009679] +def: "the area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009679] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior column" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord anterior column" EXACT [] @@ -101378,7 +101378,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0009950 ! olfactory bulb plexiform layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005380 name: olfactory bulb subependymal zone -def: "the region of mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the lateral brain ventricles that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells, that produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009952] +def: "the region of mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the lateral brain ventricles that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells, that produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009952] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:35612 xref: MA:0000974 @@ -101679,7 +101679,7 @@ relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005391 ! cortical layer II [Term] id: UBERON:0005393 name: cortical layer IV -def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the external pyramidal cell layer defined cytoarchitecturally by the presence of numerous small cells" [NLXANAT:090810] +def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the external pyramidal cell layer defined cytoarchitecturally by the presence of numerous small cells." [NLXANAT:090810] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 4" EXACT [ABA:CTX4] synonym: "internal granular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "internal granular layer of isocortex [layer iv]" EXACT [FMA:77811] @@ -101711,7 +101711,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Relatively undeveloped in some mammals such as t [Term] id: UBERON:0005394 name: cortical layer V -def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the internal granule cell layer (layer 4) defined cytoarchitecturally by the predominance of large pyramidal cell bodies" [NLXANAT:090811] +def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the internal granule cell layer (layer 4) defined cytoarchitecturally by the predominance of large pyramidal cell bodies." [NLXANAT:090811] synonym: "betz' cells" EXACT [FMA:77812] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 5" EXACT [ABA:CTX5] synonym: "deep layer of large pyramidal cells" RELATED [NeuroNames:2450] @@ -101892,7 +101892,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "BTO may actually be a more generic stru [Term] id: UBERON:0005402 name: philtrum -def: "the vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip, extending to the nose" [MGI:anna, MP:0012256, Wikipedia:Philtrum] +def: "the vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip, extending to the nose." [MGI:anna, MP:0012256, Wikipedia:Philtrum] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "infranasal depression" RELATED [Wikipedia:Philtrum] synonym: "lip philtrum" EXACT [MA:0001577] @@ -101945,7 +101945,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The term ventral striatum refers to a compo [Term] id: UBERON:0005404 name: frontonasal suture -def: "A suture between frontal and nasal bones" [GO:0097095, PMID:12416537] +def: "A suture between frontal and nasal bones." [GO:0097095, PMID:12416537] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "articulation of the nasal bone with frontal bone" RELATED [] synonym: "frontonasal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52948] @@ -102004,7 +102004,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - split perinephric / perirenal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005407 name: sublingual ganglion -def: "the small parasympathetic ganglion found anterior to the submandibular gland that provides postsynaptic fibers to the sublingual gland" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010105] +def: "the small parasympathetic ganglion found anterior to the submandibular gland that provides postsynaptic fibers to the sublingual gland." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010105] subset: pheno_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001938 xref: EHDAA:10101 @@ -102096,7 +102096,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In elasmobranchs, the otic capsule remains cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:0005411 name: bony otic capsule -def: "the cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000039] +def: "the cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000039] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "otic capsule bone" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17596 @@ -102541,7 +102541,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/A [Term] id: UBERON:0005432 name: aortic sac -def: "The dilated structure that is lined by endothelial cells and located at the arterial pole of the heart just above (distal to) the truncus arteriosus in mammalian embryos; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches (and eventually the dorsal aortae) arise; the aortic sac is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates" [MP:0012510] +def: "The dilated structure that is lined by endothelial cells and located at the arterial pole of the heart just above (distal to) the truncus arteriosus in mammalian embryos; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches (and eventually the dorsal aortae) arise; the aortic sac is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates." [MP:0012510] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "saccus aorticus" EXACT LATIN [] xref: EHDAA2:0004145 @@ -102613,7 +102613,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In dogs, it is located to the left and often ventra [Term] id: UBERON:0005436 name: common hepatic artery -def: "In anatomy, the common hepatic artery is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, pylorus (a part of the stomach), duodenum (a part of the small intestine) and pancreas. It arises from the celiac artery and has the following branches:" [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery] +def: "In anatomy, the common hepatic artery is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, pylorus (a part of the stomach), duodenum (a part of the small intestine) and pancreas. It arises from the celiac artery and has the following branches:." [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery] synonym: "arteria hepatica communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery] synonym: "common hepatic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0000308 @@ -102651,7 +102651,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The conical end of the spinal cord, which c [Term] id: UBERON:0005438 name: coronary sinus -def: "the short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium, with the sinoatrial connection occurring between the inferior vena cava and the atrioventricular orifice" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010436] +def: "the short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium, with the sinoatrial connection occurring between the inferior vena cava and the atrioventricular orifice." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010436] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "sinus coronarius" EXACT [] synonym: "sinus coronarius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronary_sinus] @@ -102686,7 +102686,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0005440 name: ductus arteriosus -def: "A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta[MESH]. In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus is a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus' fluid-filled lungs, protecting the lungs from being overworked and allowing the left ventricle to strengthen. There are two other fetal shunts, the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale[MP]. the fetal vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending aorta; the ductus arteriosus normally regresses into a fibrous cord, the ligamentum arteriousum after birth[MP]" [MESH:A07.541.278.395, MP:0010564, Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus] +def: "A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta[MESH]. In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus is a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus' fluid-filled lungs, protecting the lungs from being overworked and allowing the left ventricle to strengthen. There are two other fetal shunts, the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale[MP]. the fetal vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending aorta; the ductus arteriosus normally regresses into a fibrous cord, the ligamentum arteriousum after birth[MP]." [MESH:A07.541.278.395, MP:0010564, Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "arterial canal" RELATED [MP:0010564] @@ -103056,7 +103056,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005456 name: jugular foramen -def: "The jugular foramen is a large aperture in the base of the skull. It is located behind the carotid canal and is formed in front by the petrous portion of the temporal, and behind by the occipital; it is generally larger on the right than on the left side" [Wikipedia:Jugular_foramen] +def: "The jugular foramen is a large aperture in the base of the skull. It is located behind the carotid canal and is formed in front by the petrous portion of the temporal, and behind by the occipital; it is generally larger on the right than on the left side." [Wikipedia:Jugular_foramen] synonym: "foramen jugulare" RELATED [Wikipedia:Jugular_foramen] synonym: "Posterior lacerate foramen" EXACT [FMA:56432] xref: AAO:0000249 @@ -103371,7 +103371,7 @@ consider: FMA:18651 [Term] id: UBERON:0005475 name: sigmoid sinus -def: "A portion of the lateral venous sinus, bulging prominently into the mastoid cavity, that serves as a principal conduit by which blood leaves the cranium[EPIC]. The sigmoid is drained by the internal jugular vein" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryS.html, Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus] +def: "A portion of the lateral venous sinus, bulging prominently into the mastoid cavity, that serves as a principal conduit by which blood leaves the cranium[EPIC]. The sigmoid is drained by the internal jugular vein." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryS.html, Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus] synonym: "sulcus sigmoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus] xref: EHDAA2:0001838 xref: EHDAA:9880 @@ -103448,7 +103448,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005480 name: superior orbital fissure -def: "The orbital fissure that is situated superiorly between the greater wing and the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/orbital%20fissure] +def: "The orbital fissure that is situated superiorly between the greater wing and the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/orbital%20fissure] synonym: "fissura orbitalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_orbital_fissure] synonym: "fissura orbitalis superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_orbital_fissure] synonym: "sphenoidal fissure" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_orbital_fissure] @@ -103531,7 +103531,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the ad [Term] id: UBERON:0005485 name: valve of inferior vena cava -def: "the semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava; during development this valve helps direct the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the right atrium into the left cardiac atrium via the foramen ovale (preventing blood flowing into the right ventricle)" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010490, Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava] +def: "the semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava; during development this valve helps direct the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the right atrium into the left cardiac atrium via the foramen ovale (preventing blood flowing into the right ventricle)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010490, Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "eustachean valve" EXACT [FMA:9240] synonym: "eustachian valve" EXACT [FMA:9240] @@ -103581,7 +103581,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "the MA placement should be checked" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005487 name: vitelline vein -def: "the paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo" [MGI:csmith, MP:0010666] +def: "the paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010666] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryonic vitelline vein" EXACT [VHOG:0000401] @@ -103870,7 +103870,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere [Term] id: UBERON:0005507 name: rhombomere 3 -def: "the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012792, UBERON:0005507] +def: "the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012792, UBERON:0005507] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103892,7 +103892,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005511 name: rhombomere 4 -def: "the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012796, UBERON:0005511] +def: "the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012796, UBERON:0005511] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103914,7 +103914,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005515 name: rhombomere 5 -def: "the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012800, UBERON:0005515] +def: "the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012800, UBERON:0005515] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103936,7 +103936,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005519 name: rhombomere 6 -def: "the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012804, UBERON:0005519] +def: "the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012804, UBERON:0005519] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103958,7 +103958,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005523 name: rhombomere 7 -def: "the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012808, UBERON:0005523] +def: "the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012808, UBERON:0005523] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103979,7 +103979,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005527 name: rhombomere 8 -def: "the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012812, UBERON:0005527] +def: "the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012812, UBERON:0005527] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -104164,7 +104164,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0005569 name: rhombomere 2 -def: "the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012788, UBERON:0005569] +def: "the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012788, UBERON:0005569] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -104515,7 +104515,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0005594 name: head somite -def: "Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle" [PMID:11830559] +def: "Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle." [PMID:11830559] synonym: "cranial somite" RELATED [XAO:0000313] synonym: "occipital somite" EXACT [PMID:11830559, XAO:0000313] xref: EHDAA2:0003437 @@ -104677,7 +104677,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009141 {source="EHDAA2"} ! craniocervical region v [Term] id: UBERON:0005608 name: hyoid artery -def: "The second arch becomes the hyoid artery, which is prominent in early development and normally persists as the caroticotympanic branch of the ICA[Padget]" [http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/21/3/572] +def: "The second arch becomes the hyoid artery, which is prominent in early development and normally persists as the caroticotympanic branch of the ICA[Padget]." [http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/21/3/572] xref: EHDAA:3342 xref: EMAPA:17308 xref: FMA:49474 @@ -104690,7 +104690,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003119 {source="http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/cont [Term] id: UBERON:0005609 name: iliac artery -def: "Any of the arteries that arise from a bifurcation of the aorta supplying the pelvic or abdomen. Examples: Common iliac artery, External iliac artery, Internal iliac artery" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Iliac_artery] +def: "Any of the arteries that arise from a bifurcation of the aorta supplying the pelvic or abdomen. Examples: Common iliac artery, External iliac artery, Internal iliac artery." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Iliac_artery] subset: grouping_class xref: BTO:0004665 xref: EHDAA:2551 @@ -104859,7 +104859,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans the inferior mesenteric vein empties into [Term] id: UBERON:0005619 name: secondary palatal shelf -def: "The outgrowths of the embryonic maxillary prominences that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatal+shelves, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html] +def: "The outgrowths of the embryonic maxillary prominences that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatal+shelves, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lateral palatine process" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatal+shelf] synonym: "palatal shelf" EXACT [MA:0001581] @@ -104948,7 +104948,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Normally regresses in humans" xsd:string {source="h [Term] id: UBERON:0005623 name: semi-lunar valve -def: "the valves that gate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk" [MGI:pvb, MP:0002746] +def: "the valves that gate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002746] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "semilunar valve" EXACT [MA:0002790] synonym: "semilunar valves" EXACT PLURAL [MA:0002790] @@ -106247,7 +106247,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The short canal through the orbitosphenoid [Term] id: UBERON:0005746 name: primary vitreous -def: "embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body[MP]" [MP:0010711] +def: "embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body[MP]." [MP:0010711] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "primary vitreous" EXACT [MP:0010711] synonym: "primary vitreous humour" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001502] @@ -106279,7 +106279,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "...Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade [Term] id: UBERON:0005750 name: glomerular parietal epithelium -def: "A single layer of simple squamous epithelium in the glomerular capsule. Does not function in filtration[UBERON]. outer layer of the glomerular capsule composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium[MP]" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0011498] +def: "A single layer of simple squamous epithelium in the glomerular capsule. Does not function in filtration[UBERON]. outer layer of the glomerular capsule composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium[MP]." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0011498] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Bowman's parietal epithelium" EXACT [MP:0011498] @@ -106316,7 +106316,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Simple squamous epithelium that lines the c [Term] id: UBERON:0005751 name: visceral layer of glomerular capsule -def: "The inner, or visceral, layer of the renal glomerular capsule, overlying the capillaries, composed of podocytes, and separated from the outer, or parietal, layer by the capsular (Bowman's) space[BTO]. Lies just above the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes. Beneath the visceral layer lie the glomerular capillaries[WP]. inner layer of the glomerular capsule surrounding the capillary endothelial cells and composed of highly specialized epithelial cells (podocytes) that are separated by filtration slits; the visceral layer is separated from the outer parietal layer by the urinary space (also known as the Bowman's or capsular space)[MP]" [BTO:0001515, MP:0011497] +def: "The inner, or visceral, layer of the renal glomerular capsule, overlying the capillaries, composed of podocytes, and separated from the outer, or parietal, layer by the capsular (Bowman's) space[BTO]. Lies just above the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes. Beneath the visceral layer lie the glomerular capillaries[WP]. inner layer of the glomerular capsule surrounding the capillary endothelial cells and composed of highly specialized epithelial cells (podocytes) that are separated by filtration slits; the visceral layer is separated from the outer parietal layer by the urinary space (also known as the Bowman's or capsular space)[MP]." [BTO:0001515, MP:0011497] subset: inconsistent_with_fma subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Bowman's visceral epithelium" EXACT [MP:0011497] @@ -106418,7 +106418,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class represents a continuous sheet of basem [Term] id: UBERON:0005777 name: glomerular basement membrane -def: "the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter" [MGI:anna, MP:0011348] +def: "the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter." [MGI:anna, MP:0011348] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "GBM" BROAD ABBREVIATION [] @@ -106520,19 +106520,19 @@ relationship: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0005796 name: duplex uterus -def: "The duplex uterus is doubled, and is found in monotremes, marsupials, elephants and rodents" [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html] +def: "The duplex uterus is doubled, and is found in monotremes, marsupials, elephants and rodents." [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html] is_a: UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0005797 name: bipartite uterus -def: "The bipartite uterus is y-shaped externally and divided internally (ungulates, carnivores)" [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html] +def: "The bipartite uterus is y-shaped externally and divided internally (ungulates, carnivores)." [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html] is_a: UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0005798 name: bicornuate uterus -def: "The bicornate uterus is y-shaped but has no internal partition (some ungulates, whales)" [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html, Wikipedia:Bicornuate_uterus, Wikipedia:Uterus#Forms_in_mammals] +def: "The bicornate uterus is y-shaped but has no internal partition (some ungulates, whales)." [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html, Wikipedia:Bicornuate_uterus, Wikipedia:Uterus#Forms_in_mammals] synonym: "bicornate uterus" EXACT [] synonym: "uterus with two horns" EXACT [] xref: Wikipedia:Uterus#Forms_in_mammals @@ -106541,7 +106541,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0005799 name: simplex uterus -def: "The simplex uterus has only one uterine chamber (primates)" [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html] +def: "The simplex uterus has only one uterine chamber (primates)." [http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap14.html] is_a: UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] @@ -106639,7 +106639,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0005810 name: cervical vertebra 1 anterior tubercle -def: "The conical ventral projection on the arch of the atlas" [MP:0004658] +def: "The conical ventral projection on the arch of the atlas." [MP:0004658] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior tubercle of atlas" EXACT [FMA:23991] synonym: "atlas ventral tubercle" EXACT [MA:0002871] @@ -106670,7 +106670,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection [Term] id: UBERON:0005814 name: arch of atlas -def: "A vertebral arch that is part of the first cervical vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A vertebral arch that is part of the first cervical vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "atlas arch" EXACT [FMA:23975] xref: FMA:23975 xref: SCTID:272708001 @@ -107120,7 +107120,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A closely packed aggregation of mesenchymal [Term] id: UBERON:0005867 name: mandibular prominence -def: "the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010939] +def: "the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010939] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "mandibular process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence] synonym: "mandibular swelling" RELATED [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -107140,7 +107140,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check develops_from" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005868 name: maxillary prominence -def: "the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010940] +def: "the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010940] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "embryonic maxillary process" EXACT [] synonym: "maxillary process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001070] @@ -107314,7 +107314,7 @@ intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0005876 name: undifferentiated genital tubercle -def: "the embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1230, MGI:anna, MP:0011771] +def: "the embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1230, MGI:anna, MP:0011771] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "genital tubercle" RELATED [EMAPA:17382] synonym: "phallic tubercle" RELATED [] @@ -107519,7 +107519,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0005893 name: leg bone -def: "A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: grouping_class xref: EMAPA:37304 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0000670 @@ -107587,7 +107587,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0005899 name: pes bone -def: "A bone that is part of the pes skeleton" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A bone that is part of the pes skeleton." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "bone of foor proper or tarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pedal skeleton" EXACT [] @@ -107677,7 +107677,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy [Term] id: UBERON:0005906 name: serous sac -def: "Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]" [FMA:9689, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86] +def: "Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]." [FMA:9689, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86] comment: See notes for serous membrane xref: EMAPA:16060 xref: FMA:9689 @@ -107690,7 +107690,7 @@ relationship: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0005908 name: conjunctival sac -def: "A serous sac which is the aggregate of the conjunctiva plus the conjunctival space" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Serous-Membranes-Design-Pattern] +def: "A serous sac which is the aggregate of the conjunctiva plus the conjunctival space." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Serous-Membranes-Design-Pattern] synonym: "conjunctiva serous sac" EXACT [] synonym: "subbrillar sac" NARROW [NCBITaxon:8570] xref: EMAPA:18233 @@ -107712,7 +107712,7 @@ replaced_by: UBERON:0000365 [Term] id: UBERON:0005911 name: endo-epithelium -def: "Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]" [FMA:69065] +def: "Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]." [FMA:69065] synonym: "endoderm-derived epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "endoepithelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:69065 @@ -108007,7 +108007,7 @@ relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005953 name: outflow part of right ventricle -def: "Anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminating in the pulmonary trunk" [MP:0010428] +def: "Anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminating in the pulmonary trunk." [MP:0010428] synonym: "arterial cone" RELATED [MP:0010428] synonym: "conus arteriosus" RELATED [MP:0010428] synonym: "conus arteriosus (infundibulum)" EXACT [FMA:7216] @@ -108055,7 +108055,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005965 name: outflow part of right atrium -def: "Outflow part of atrium which consists of wall and cavity of the outflow part of right atrium and the tricuspid valve.[FMA]" [FMA:9550, FMA:FMA] +def: "Outflow part of atrium which consists of wall and cavity of the outflow part of right atrium and the tricuspid valve.[FMA]." [FMA:9550, FMA:FMA] synonym: "main part of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9550] synonym: "outflow tract of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9550] xref: FMA:9550 @@ -108075,7 +108075,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005967 name: conotruncal ridge -def: "One of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum[MP]" [MP:0010585, PMID:8823298] +def: "One of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum[MP]." [MP:0010585, PMID:8823298] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "aortico-pulmonary spiral ridges" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "bulbar ridge" EXACT [MP:0010585] @@ -108158,7 +108158,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO check syns - ligaments" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005970 name: brain commissure -def: "any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/325, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002199] +def: "any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/325, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002199] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37446 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! nervous system commissure @@ -108189,7 +108189,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002227 ! spiral organ of cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0005973 name: blood-inner ear barrier -def: "The function of the group of barriers and transport systems which regulate the transport of various substances from blood to inner ear tissue and maintain the microhomeostasis and functional integrity of the inner ear; the endothelial cells of the inner ear blood capillaries, linked to each other by tight junctions, represent the main component of the blood-inner ear barrier" [MP:0004999] +def: "The function of the group of barriers and transport systems which regulate the transport of various substances from blood to inner ear tissue and maintain the microhomeostasis and functional integrity of the inner ear; the endothelial cells of the inner ear blood capillaries, linked to each other by tight junctions, represent the main component of the blood-inner ear barrier." [MP:0004999] is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear @@ -108216,7 +108216,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005975 name: hair follicle bulge -def: "The area located in the bottom of the permanent portion of a resting (telogen) hair follicle where the cells of the external root sheath of the hair follicle are contiguous with the basal layer of the epidermis; this portion of the follicle is involved in the generation of a new hair at the onset of the hair growth cycle (anagen) and contains the hair follicle stem cells" [MP:0009759] +def: "The area located in the bottom of the permanent portion of a resting (telogen) hair follicle where the cells of the external root sheath of the hair follicle are contiguous with the basal layer of the epidermis; this portion of the follicle is involved in the generation of a new hair at the onset of the hair growth cycle (anagen) and contains the hair follicle stem cells." [MP:0009759] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bulge" NARROW [DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2008.12.005] synonym: "bulge of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70735] @@ -108312,7 +108312,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check" xsd:string id: UBERON:0005978 name: olfactory bulb outer nerve layer alt_id: UBERON:0015830 -def: "Superficial layer of the main olfactory bulb containing axons from the olfactory nerve and glial cells" [NLXANAT:1005010] +def: "Superficial layer of the main olfactory bulb containing axons from the olfactory nerve and glial cells." [NLXANAT:1005010] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "olfactory bulb main olfactory nerve layer" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005010] synonym: "olfactory bulb olfactory nerve layer" EXACT [MA:0003191] @@ -108328,7 +108328,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "the outermost layer of the olfactory bulb; [Term] id: UBERON:0005979 name: crista terminalis -def: "The vertical crest of the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium" [MP:0010495] +def: "The vertical crest of the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium." [MP:0010495] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista terminalis atrii dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9236, FMA:TA] synonym: "crista terminalis cordis" EXACT [FMA:9236] @@ -108365,7 +108365,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005981 name: vena cava sinus -def: "The portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the vena cavae and is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis" [MP:0010497] +def: "The portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the vena cavae and is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis." [MP:0010497] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cavity of inflow part of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:13246] synonym: "posterior right atrial cavity" EXACT [FMA:13246] @@ -108378,7 +108378,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005982 name: Bachmann's bundle -def: "The impulse conduction tract that originates in the sinoatrial node and transmits signal to the left atrium" [MP:0010517, Wikipedia:Bachmann's_bundle] +def: "The impulse conduction tract that originates in the sinoatrial node and transmits signal to the left atrium." [MP:0010517, Wikipedia:Bachmann's_bundle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior interatrial band" EXACT [UBERON:gg] xref: EMAPA:37435 {source="MA:th"} @@ -108391,7 +108391,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/C [Term] id: UBERON:0005983 name: heart layer -def: "The laminar structure of the heart" [MP:0010545] +def: "The laminar structure of the heart." [MP:0010545] subset: non_informative subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer @@ -108401,7 +108401,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0005984 name: subendocardium layer -def: "The layer of loose fibrous tissue located between the endocardium and myocardium which contains the nerves and the impulse-conducting system (Purkinje fibers) of the heart" [MP:0010546] +def: "The layer of loose fibrous tissue located between the endocardium and myocardium which contains the nerves and the impulse-conducting system (Purkinje fibers) of the heart." [MP:0010546] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37968 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer @@ -108414,7 +108414,7 @@ relationship: has_part UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0005985 name: coronary vessel -def: "Any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation" [MP:0010551] +def: "Any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation." [MP:0010551] subset: pheno_slim xref: MESH:D003331 xref: Wikipedia:Coronary_circulation @@ -108473,7 +108473,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004146 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/ub [Term] id: UBERON:0005988 name: atrium myocardial trabecula -def: "The supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atrial myocardium" [MP:0010581, ZFA:0005810] +def: "The supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atrial myocardium." [MP:0010581, ZFA:0005810] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "atrial trabecula" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium myocardial trabeculae" EXACT PLURAL [MP:0010581] @@ -108490,7 +108490,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004124 {source="ZFA"} ! myocardium trabecular laye [Term] id: UBERON:0005989 name: atrioventricular septum -def: "The wall of the heart that separates the right atrium and left ventricle; and is located just above the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve" [MP:0010592] +def: "The wall of the heart that separates the right atrium and left ventricle; and is located just above the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve." [MP:0010592] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "membranous atrioventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7136] xref: EMAPA:37431 {source="MA:th"} @@ -108505,7 +108505,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="PMID:15797462", source="Wiki [Term] id: UBERON:0005990 name: aortic valve cusp -def: "The three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the aortic valve" [MP:0010595] +def: "The three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the aortic valve." [MP:0010595] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "aortic semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7251] synonym: "aortic valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7251] @@ -108520,7 +108520,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005991 name: aortic valve anulus -def: "The fibrous ring of the aortic valve that attaches the cusps of aortic valve to the wall of left ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the posterior, right anterior and left anterior cusps" [MP:0010598] +def: "The fibrous ring of the aortic valve that attaches the cusps of aortic valve to the wall of left ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the posterior, right anterior and left anterior cusps." [MP:0010598] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anulus of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:9502] synonym: "aortic anulus" EXACT [FMA:9502] @@ -108535,7 +108535,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005992 name: pulmonary valve cusp -def: "The three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the pulmonary valve" [MP:0010602] +def: "The three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the pulmonary valve." [MP:0010602] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cusp of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248] synonym: "pulmonary semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7248] @@ -108550,7 +108550,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005993 name: pulmonary valve anulus -def: "The fibrous ring of the pulmonary valve that attaches the cusps of pulmonary valve to the wall of right ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps" [MP:0010606] +def: "The fibrous ring of the pulmonary valve that attaches the cusps of pulmonary valve to the wall of right ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps." [MP:0010606] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anulus of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:9503] synonym: "fibrous ring of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:9503] @@ -108565,7 +108565,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005994 name: chorda tendineae -def: "The tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria" [MP:0010608, Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae] +def: "The tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria." [MP:0010608, Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "chordae tendinea" RELATED PLURAL [FMA:12225] synonym: "chordae tendineae cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae] @@ -108586,7 +108586,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005995 name: mitral valve anulus -def: "The fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps" [MP:0010613] +def: "The fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps." [MP:0010613] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anulus of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:9498] synonym: "fibrous ring of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:9498] @@ -108604,7 +108604,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005996 name: mitral valve cusp -def: "The two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve" [MP:0010614] +def: "The two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve." [MP:0010614] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0006009 ! cusp of cardiac valve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve @@ -108613,7 +108613,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005997 name: tricuspid valve anulus -def: "The fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve that attaches the cusps of tricuspid valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp)" [MP:0010621] +def: "The fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve that attaches the cusps of tricuspid valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp)." [MP:0010621] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anulus of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:9500] synonym: "fibrous ring of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:9500] @@ -108628,7 +108628,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005998 name: tricuspid valve cusp -def: "The three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve" [MP:0010622] +def: "The three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve." [MP:0010622] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cuspis septalis (valva tricuspidalis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7240, FMA:TA] synonym: "cuspis septalis valvae atrioventricularis dextrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7240, FMA:TA] @@ -108648,7 +108648,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check whether we need to separate cusp/leaflet/valv [Term] id: UBERON:0006002 name: vitelline artery -def: "The paired arteries that carry blood to the yolk sac from the dorsal aorta" [MP:0010664, Wikipedia:Vitelline_arteries] +def: "The paired arteries that carry blood to the yolk sac from the dorsal aorta." [MP:0010664, Wikipedia:Vitelline_arteries] comment: Development notes:; the vitelline arteries give rise to the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery in the adult[MP:0010664] subset: pheno_slim xref: EHDAA2:0002208 @@ -108679,7 +108679,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "the tissue or structures associated with or [Term] id: UBERON:0006004 name: hair follicle matrix region -def: "The bulb region adjacent to the dermal papilla that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells that give rise to the various cell lineages of the hair shaft and inner root sheath" [MP:0010686] +def: "The bulb region adjacent to the dermal papilla that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells that give rise to the various cell lineages of the hair shaft and inner root sheath." [MP:0010686] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "germinal matrix of hair bulb" EXACT [FMA:70772] synonym: "lower part of bulb of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70772] @@ -108696,7 +108696,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005932 ! bulb of hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006005 name: hair follicle isthmus -def: "The middle part of the hair follicle that extends from the sebaceous duct to the bulge" [DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2008.12.005, MP:0010694] +def: "The middle part of the hair follicle that extends from the sebaceous duct to the bulge." [DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2008.12.005, MP:0010694] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "isthmus of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70723] xref: EMAPA:37877 {source="MA:th"} @@ -108739,7 +108739,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006008 name: fibrous ring of heart -def: "A ring of ribrous tissue that surrounds the atrioventricular and arterial orifices" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] +def: "A ring of ribrous tissue that surrounds the atrioventricular and arterial orifices." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "annulus fibrosus cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "anulus fibrosus cordis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "anulus fibrosus of heart" EXACT [FMA:9497] @@ -109729,7 +109729,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex id: UBERON:0006095 name: anterior transverse temporal area 41 alt_id: UBERON:0013574 -def: "A subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It occupies the anterior transverse temporal gyrus (H) in the bank of the lateral sulcus on the dorsal surface of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded medially by the parainsular area 52 (H) and laterally by the posterior transverse temporal area 42 (H) (Brodmann-1909). Adapted from Brain Info" [BIRNLEX:1582] +def: "A subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It occupies the anterior transverse temporal gyrus (H) in the bank of the lateral sulcus on the dorsal surface of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded medially by the parainsular area 52 (H) and laterally by the posterior transverse temporal area 42 (H) (Brodmann-1909). Adapted from Brain Info." [BIRNLEX:1582] synonym: "anterior transverse temporal area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "anterior transverse termporal area 41" EXACT DUBIOUS [BIRNLEX:1582] synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68638] @@ -109756,7 +109756,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="NIFSTD"} ! Brodmann area id: UBERON:0006096 name: posterior transverse temporal area 42 alt_id: UBERON:0013575 -def: "A subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located in the bank of the lateral sulcus on the dorsal surface of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded medially by the anterior transverse temporal area 41(H) and laterally by the superior temporal area 22 (Brodmann-1909). Adapted from Brain Info" [BIRNLEX:1589] +def: "A subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located in the bank of the lateral sulcus on the dorsal surface of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded medially by the anterior transverse temporal area 41(H) and laterally by the superior temporal area 22 (Brodmann-1909). Adapted from Brain Info." [BIRNLEX:1589] synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1589] synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1775] @@ -109803,7 +109803,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006098 name: basal nuclear complex -def: "The deep nuclei of telencephalic origin found in the basal region of the forebrain" [BIRNLEX:1629] +def: "The deep nuclei of telencephalic origin found in the basal region of the forebrain." [BIRNLEX:1629] synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BIRNLEX:1629] synonym: "basal ganglia (anatomic)" RELATED [NeuroNames:224] synonym: "basal nuclei" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1629] @@ -110050,7 +110050,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0006115 name: posterior column of fornix -def: "Part of fornix adjacent to the fimbria comprising flattened bands of fibers that extend from the fimbria, running underneath the corpus callosum" [BIRNLEX:754] +def: "Part of fornix adjacent to the fimbria comprising flattened bands of fibers that extend from the fimbria, running underneath the corpus callosum." [BIRNLEX:754] synonym: "crus fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61969, FMA:TA] synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [BIRNLEX:754] synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] @@ -110097,7 +110097,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006117 name: accessory nerve fiber bundle -def: "Fibers of the accessory nerve (11th cranial nerve) contained within the medulla" [BIRNLEX:916] +def: "Fibers of the accessory nerve (11th cranial nerve) contained within the medulla." [BIRNLEX:916] synonym: "accessory nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [BIRNLEX:916] synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [BIRNLEX:916] synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626] @@ -110115,7 +110115,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006118 name: lamina I of gray matter of spinal cord -def: "Cytoarchitectural part of spinal cord gray matter" [NLXANAT:100203] +def: "Cytoarchitectural part of spinal cord gray matter." [NLXANAT:100203] synonym: "lamina i of gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [NLXANAT:100203] synonym: "lamina marginalis" EXACT [NLXANAT:100203] synonym: "lamina marginalis" EXACT [FMA:68862] @@ -110150,7 +110150,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0006120 name: superior colliculus superficial gray layer -def: "Layer of the superior colliculus, lying just deep to the outermost stratum zonale (Carpenter, A Core Text of Neuroanatomy, 3rd ed., 1985, pg 175)" [NLXANAT:1005034] +def: "Layer of the superior colliculus, lying just deep to the outermost stratum zonale (Carpenter, A Core Text of Neuroanatomy, 3rd ed., 1985, pg 175)." [NLXANAT:1005034] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris ii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina II of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer II of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] @@ -110272,7 +110272,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006133 name: funiculus of neuraxis -def: "The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans" [Wikipedia:Funiculus_(neurology)] +def: "The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans." [Wikipedia:Funiculus_(neurology)] xref: FMA:76738 xref: Wikipedia:Funiculus_(neurology) is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle @@ -110303,7 +110303,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "neurofibrous" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006135 name: myelinated nerve fiber -def: "Axons of neurons encased in a lipoproteinaceous material called myelin. (MeSH)" [ncithesaurus:Myelinated_Nerve_Fiber] +def: "Axons of neurons encased in a lipoproteinaceous material called myelin. (MeSH)." [ncithesaurus:Myelinated_Nerve_Fiber] subset: pheno_slim xref: FMA:5915 xref: GAID:745 @@ -110512,7 +110512,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006171 name: renal sinus -def: "A hollowed out area on the medial margin of the kidney. The renal sinus opens at the renal hilum; it contains the renal aa. and vv., major calyces and renal pelvis, perirenal fat" [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] +def: "A hollowed out area on the medial margin of the kidney. The renal sinus opens at the renal hilum; it contains the renal aa. and vv., major calyces and renal pelvis, perirenal fat." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] xref: FMA:15611 xref: SCTID:362222000 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity @@ -110521,7 +110521,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006172 name: rectal diverticulum -def: "The rectal diverticulum is an outgrowth of the cloaca and links the pronephric kidney to the exterior" [GO:0039009] +def: "The rectal diverticulum is an outgrowth of the cloaca and links the pronephric kidney to the exterior." [GO:0039009] synonym: "rectal diverticula" RELATED PLURAL [XAO:0001015] xref: XAO:0001015 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit @@ -110541,7 +110541,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/ub [Term] id: UBERON:0006174 name: pronephric sinus -def: "The pronephric sinus is an ill-defined capillary network that lies between the pronephric tubules" [GO:0039012] +def: "The pronephric sinus is an ill-defined capillary network that lies between the pronephric tubules." [GO:0039012] xref: AAO:0011092 xref: XAO:0000385 intersection_of: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus @@ -110559,7 +110559,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/ub [Term] id: UBERON:0006182 name: mesonephric glomerular mesangium -def: "The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus" [GO:0061247] +def: "The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus." [GO:0061247] intersection_of: UBERON:0002320 ! glomerular mesangium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0005326 {is_inferred="true", source="https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Inferring-part-of-relationships"} ! mesonephric glomerulus vasculature @@ -110576,7 +110576,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005325 {is_inferred="true", source="https://github [Term] id: UBERON:0006189 name: mesonephric connecting tubule -def: "The mesonephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the mesonephric nephron; it connects the distal tubule to the collecting duct in the mesonephros" [GO:0061272] +def: "The mesonephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the mesonephric nephron; it connects the distal tubule to the collecting duct in the mesonephros." [GO:0061272] intersection_of: UBERON:0005097 ! renal connecting tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Inferring-part-of-relationships"} ! mesonephric nephron @@ -110584,7 +110584,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/ub [Term] id: UBERON:0006190 name: mesonephric distal tubule -def: "The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule" [GO:0061273] +def: "The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule." [GO:0061273] intersection_of: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Inferring-part-of-relationships"} ! mesonephric nephron @@ -110593,7 +110593,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "ZFA has terms for developing tubule" xs [Term] id: UBERON:0006192 name: mesonephric proximal tubule -def: "The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule" [GO:0061275] +def: "The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule." [GO:0061275] intersection_of: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 {source="https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Inferring-part-of-relationships"} ! mesonephric nephron @@ -110630,7 +110630,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check relationship to renal sinus, add defin [Term] id: UBERON:0006197 name: auricular vein -def: "Any vein serving the ear region" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/auricular+vein] +def: "Any vein serving the ear region." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/auricular+vein] synonym: "vena auriculares" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "venae auriculares" EXACT LATIN [] xref: EMAPA:37136 {source="MA:th"} @@ -110855,7 +110855,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/G [Term] id: UBERON:0006212 name: bulbo-ventricular groove -def: "depression at base of developing heart that contains a population of cardiomyocytes that migrate and contribute to the interventricular septum" [BGEE:ANiknejad, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:17064678] +def: "depression at base of developing heart that contains a population of cardiomyocytes that migrate and contribute to the interventricular septum." [BGEE:ANiknejad, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:17064678] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "bulbo-ventricular sulcus" EXACT [EMAPA:16693] synonym: "bulboventricular groove" EXACT [VHOG:0001405] @@ -110903,7 +110903,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate id: UBERON:0006215 name: rhombic lip alt_id: UBERON:0013163 -def: "the posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system" [MGI:anna, MP:0012525] +def: "the posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system." [MGI:anna, MP:0012525] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebellar anlage" RELATED [MGI:anna] @@ -111435,7 +111435,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006253 name: embryonic intraretinal space -def: "The space separating the outer pigment epithelium and the inner neural retina of the optic cup and of the retina" [VHOG:0000534] +def: "The space separating the outer pigment epithelium and the inner neural retina of the optic cup and of the retina." [VHOG:0000534] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "intraretinal space" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000889] synonym: "intraretinal space of optic cup" EXACT [EMAPA:16676] @@ -111675,7 +111675,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of [Term] id: UBERON:0006268 name: notochordal process -def: "A midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot" [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/05embryonicperiod.htm] +def: "A midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/05embryonicperiod.htm] comment: The notochordal process grows cranially until it reaches the prechordal plate, the future site of the mouth. In this area the ectoderm is attached directly to the endoderm without intervening mesoderm. This area is known as the oropharyngeal membrane, and it will break down to become the mouth. At the other end of the primitive streak the ectoderm is also fused directly to the endoderm; this is known as the cloacal membrane (proctodeum), or primordial anus. subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED [] @@ -111740,7 +111740,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the oronasal membrane ruptures during th id: UBERON:0006273 name: otic pit alt_id: UBERON:0009123 -def: "the pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011172] +def: "the pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011172] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 subset: pheno_slim synonym: "otic cup" EXACT [NCBIBook:NBK53175] @@ -111930,7 +111930,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005498 {source="EMAPA"} ! primitive heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0006284 name: early prosencephalic vesicle -def: "future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "forebrain vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "preevaginated forebrain vesicle" NARROW [] @@ -112116,7 +112116,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0006296 name: subcardinal vein -def: "A vein in the mammalian embryo or the adult of some lower vertebrates that is located on each side of the abdominal region ventromedial to the mesonephros and that in mammals participates in the formation of the inferior vena cava and the renal vein" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/subcardinal%20vein, ISBN:0073040584] +def: "A vein in the mammalian embryo or the adult of some lower vertebrates that is located on each side of the abdominal region ventromedial to the mesonephros and that in mammals participates in the formation of the inferior vena cava and the renal vein." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/subcardinal%20vein, ISBN:0073040584] comment: TBD: part of cardinal system? xref: EHDAA:2631 xref: EMAPA:16829 @@ -112157,7 +112157,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0006300 name: supracardinal vein -def: "Either of two veins in the mammalian embryo and various adult lower vertebrate forms located in the thoracic and abdominal regions dorsolateral to and on either side of the descending aorta and giving rise to the azygos and hemiazygos veins and a part of the inferior vena cava[MW]. These veins drain the body wall via the segmental intercostal veins, thus taking over the function of the posterior cardinals[ISBN]" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/supracardinal%20vein, ISBN:0443065837] +def: "Either of two veins in the mammalian embryo and various adult lower vertebrate forms located in the thoracic and abdominal regions dorsolateral to and on either side of the descending aorta and giving rise to the azygos and hemiazygos veins and a part of the inferior vena cava[MW]. These veins drain the body wall via the segmental intercostal veins, thus taking over the function of the posterior cardinals[ISBN]." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/supracardinal%20vein, ISBN:0443065837] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001964 xref: EHDAA:7492 @@ -112279,7 +112279,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006311 name: chamber of eyeball -def: "A segment of the eyeball that is filled with refractive media" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A segment of the eyeball that is filled with refractive media." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "chamber of eye" RELATED [BTO:0002085] synonym: "eye chamber" EXACT [MA:0002459] synonym: "eyeball chamber" EXACT [FMA:58071] @@ -112550,7 +112550,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The superior constrictor is a muscle that i [Term] id: UBERON:0006330 name: anterior lingual gland -def: "the small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009518] +def: "the small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009518] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior lingual salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59796] synonym: "Bauhin's glands" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands] @@ -112831,7 +112831,7 @@ intersection_of: drains UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0006358 name: vasa hyaloidea propria -def: "The vasa hyaloidea propria and tunica vasculosa lentis are small branches of the hyaloid artery which fill the primary vitreous" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The vasa hyaloidea propria and tunica vasculosa lentis are small branches of the hyaloid artery which fill the primary vitreous." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: EMAPA:18236 xref: FMA:312395 xref: MA:0001285 @@ -112877,7 +112877,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "MA placement to be checked" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006373 name: perihilar interstitium -def: "the part of the renal interstitium surrounding the pelvis" [MGI:anna, MP:0011337] +def: "the part of the renal interstitium surrounding the pelvis." [MGI:anna, MP:0011337] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:28083 xref: MA:0002618 @@ -112956,7 +112956,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In harbor seals, the structure of the vibrissal sha [Term] id: UBERON:0006428 name: basisphenoid bone -def: "part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000106] +def: "part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000106] comment: "Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase." [AAO:0000040] // "An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped." [TAO:0000169] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "basisphenoid" EXACT [AAO:0000040] @@ -113008,7 +113008,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process [Term] id: UBERON:0006435 name: os penis -def: "the unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species" [MGI:anna, MP:0009103] +def: "the unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species." [MGI:anna, MP:0009103] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "baculum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "os baculum" EXACT [] @@ -113050,7 +113050,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007718 ! principal artery to limb [Term] id: UBERON:0006440 name: os clitoris -def: "The ossified region of endochondral and membranous bone located in the clitoris of most mammals except humans; it is homologous to the penile bone (aka as baculum, penis bone or os penis) in male mammals" [MP:0011849] +def: "The ossified region of endochondral and membranous bone located in the clitoris of most mammals except humans; it is homologous to the penile bone (aka as baculum, penis bone or os penis) in male mammals." [MP:0011849] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "baubellum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "clitoral bone" EXACT [MP:0011849] @@ -113656,7 +113656,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006479 name: Brodmann (1909) area 38 -def: "Brodmann area 38, also BA38 or temporopolar area 38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole. BA38 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, the middle temporal area 21, the superior temporal area 22 and the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909). Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, TG, is unique to humans. 'The functional significance of this area TG is not known, but it may bind complex, highly processed perceptual inputs to visceral emotional responses.' This area is among the earliest affected by Alzheimer's disease and the earliest involved at the start of temporal lobe seizures. [" [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_38] +def: "Brodmann area 38, also BA38 or temporopolar area 38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole. BA38 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, the middle temporal area 21, the superior temporal area 22 and the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909). Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, TG, is unique to humans. 'The functional significance of this area TG is not known, but it may bind complex, highly processed perceptual inputs to visceral emotional responses.' This area is among the earliest affected by Alzheimer's disease and the earliest involved at the start of temporal lobe seizures. [." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_38] synonym: "area 38 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68635] synonym: "area 38 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1771] synonym: "area temporopolaris" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1771] @@ -113725,7 +113725,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006482 name: Brodmann (1909) area 45 -def: "Part of the cytoarchitecturally defined frontal region of cerebral cortex. In the human, it occupies the triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (human) and, surrounding the anterior horizontal limb of the lateral sulcus (human), a portion of the orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (human). Bounded caudally by the anterior ascending limb of the lateral sulcus (human), it borders on the insula in the depth of the lateral sulcus. Cytoarchitectonically it is bounded caudally by the opercular area 44, rostrodorsally by the area 46 of Brodmann (human) and ventrally by the area 47 of Brodmann (human) (Brodmann-1909) (Adapted from Brain Info)" [BIRNLEX:1777] +def: "Part of the cytoarchitecturally defined frontal region of cerebral cortex. In the human, it occupies the triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (human) and, surrounding the anterior horizontal limb of the lateral sulcus (human), a portion of the orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (human). Bounded caudally by the anterior ascending limb of the lateral sulcus (human), it borders on the insula in the depth of the lateral sulcus. Cytoarchitectonically it is bounded caudally by the opercular area 44, rostrodorsally by the area 46 of Brodmann (human) and ventrally by the area 47 of Brodmann (human) (Brodmann-1909) (Adapted from Brain Info)." [BIRNLEX:1777] synonym: "area 45 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68642] synonym: "area 45 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1777] synonym: "area triangularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_45] @@ -113752,7 +113752,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Brodmann area 45 (BA45), is part of the fro [Term] id: UBERON:0006483 name: Brodmann (1909) area 46 -def: "Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is between BA10 and BA45. BA46 is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gyrus. Brodmann area 46 roughly corresponds with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), although the borders of area 46 are based on cytoarchitecture rather than function. The DLPFC also encompasses part of granular frontal area 9, directly adjacent on the dorsal surface of the cortex. Cytoarchitecturally, BA46 is bounded dorsally by the granular frontal area 9, rostroventrally by the frontopolar area 10 and caudally by the triangular area 45 (Brodmann-1909). There is some discrepancy between the extent of BA8 (Brodmann-1905) and the same area as described by Walker (1940)" [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46] +def: "Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is between BA10 and BA45. BA46 is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gyrus. Brodmann area 46 roughly corresponds with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), although the borders of area 46 are based on cytoarchitecture rather than function. The DLPFC also encompasses part of granular frontal area 9, directly adjacent on the dorsal surface of the cortex. Cytoarchitecturally, BA46 is bounded dorsally by the granular frontal area 9, rostroventrally by the frontopolar area 10 and caudally by the triangular area 45 (Brodmann-1909). There is some discrepancy between the extent of BA8 (Brodmann-1905) and the same area as described by Walker (1940)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46] synonym: "area 46" RELATED [FMA:68643] synonym: "area 46 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "area 46 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1778] @@ -114089,7 +114089,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="MA"} ! basal ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006516 name: dorsal pallidum -def: "The predominant portion of the globus pallidus in the striatopallidal system, which is defined by connectivity and neurochemical staining. The dorsal pallidum is distinguished from the ventral pallidum by a boundary that is partially defined by the anterior commissure. The remainder of the boundary is indistinct in sections stained for Nissl substance ( Heimer-1995 )" [NeuroNames:1604] +def: "The predominant portion of the globus pallidus in the striatopallidal system, which is defined by connectivity and neurochemical staining. The dorsal pallidum is distinguished from the ventral pallidum by a boundary that is partially defined by the anterior commissure. The remainder of the boundary is indistinct in sections stained for Nissl substance ( Heimer-1995 )." [NeuroNames:1604] synonym: "dorsal globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004376] synonym: "globus pallidus dorsal part" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "pallidum dorsal region" RELATED [BAMS:PALd] @@ -114104,7 +114104,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="BTO"} ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0006517 name: kidney calyx -def: "Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211)" [MESH:A05.810.453.537.503] +def: "Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211)." [MESH:A05.810.453.537.503] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "calices renales" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "calices renales" RELATED PLURAL [] @@ -114410,7 +114410,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "pharyngeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006563 name: tunica media of pulmonary trunk -def: "Tunica media of artery which is continuous with the myocardium of right ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:85030, FMA:FMA] +def: "Tunica media of artery which is continuous with the myocardium of right ventricle.[FMA]." [FMA:85030, FMA:FMA] xref: FMA:85030 intersection_of: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk @@ -114528,7 +114528,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006574 name: pectinate line -def: "The pectinate line (anocutaneous line, dentate line, anorectal junction) is a line which divides the upper 2/3rds and lower 1/3rd of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction. It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:" [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] +def: "The pectinate line (anocutaneous line, dentate line, anorectal junction) is a line which divides the upper 2/3rds and lower 1/3rd of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction. It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:." [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] synonym: "dentate line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] synonym: "Hilton's 'white line'" RELATED [EMAPA:19159] synonym: "linea anocutanea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] @@ -115031,7 +115031,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in ZFA, aponeuroses are subtypes of ten [Term] id: UBERON:0006615 name: venous sinus -def: "A large vein or channel for the circulation of venous blood" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/venous+sinus] +def: "A large vein or channel for the circulation of venous blood." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/venous+sinus] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "blood sinus" RELATED [ZFA:0007072] xref: MA:0000070 @@ -115097,7 +115097,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006630 name: left atrium auricular region -def: "A muscular pouch connected to the left atrium of the heart" [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage] +def: "A muscular pouch connected to the left atrium of the heart." [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "auricula sinistra" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "auricula sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage] @@ -115445,7 +115445,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 {source="FMA-modified"} ! mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0006650 name: tunica vaginalis testis -def: "the outer coelomic epithelial covering of the testis; a sac of serous tissue covering the testis and the epididymis within which the testis can move about; it covers the tunica albuginea" [MP:0013739] +def: "the outer coelomic epithelial covering of the testis; a sac of serous tissue covering the testis and the epididymis within which the testis can move about; it covers the tunica albuginea." [MP:0013739] synonym: "lamina parietalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "lamina visceralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "processus vaginalis testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis] @@ -115765,7 +115765,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - add superclass" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006666 name: great cerebral vein -def: "The great cerebral vein is one of the large blood vessels in the skull draining the cerebrum (brain)[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Great_cerebral_vein] +def: "The great cerebral vein is one of the large blood vessels in the skull draining the cerebrum (brain)[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Great_cerebral_vein] synonym: "great cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:50993] synonym: "great cerebral vein of Galen" EXACT [FMA:50993] synonym: "vein of Galen" EXACT [FMA:50993] @@ -115826,7 +115826,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/G [Term] id: UBERON:0006670 name: central tendon of diaphragm -def: "the three-lobed cloverleaf-shaped aponeurosis situated at the center of the diaphragm; the central tendon is fused with the fibrous pericardium that provides attachment for the muscle fibers" [MGI:csmith, MP:0012061] +def: "the three-lobed cloverleaf-shaped aponeurosis situated at the center of the diaphragm; the central tendon is fused with the fibrous pericardium that provides attachment for the muscle fibers." [MGI:csmith, MP:0012061] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "central tendon" EXACT [FMA:58279] synonym: "centrum tendineum" EXACT [FMA:58279] @@ -115877,7 +115877,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 {source="EMAPA"} ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0006673 name: mandibular canal -def: "A canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings" [Wikipedia:Mandibular_canal] +def: "A canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings." [Wikipedia:Mandibular_canal] synonym: "inferior alveolar canal" RELATED [EMAPA:19161] xref: EMAPA:19161 xref: FMA:59473 @@ -115893,7 +115893,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "TAO has mandibular sensory canal, which [Term] id: UBERON:0006674 name: inguinal ring -def: "An entrance or exit of the inguinal canal" [Wikipedia:Inguinal_rings] +def: "An entrance or exit of the inguinal canal." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_rings] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:29307 xref: FMA:65075 @@ -116218,7 +116218,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body id: UBERON:0006696 name: mammillothalamic axonal tract alt_id: UBERON:0009642 -def: "A fiber pathway that originates from neurons in the posterior hypothalamic region and projects to various nuclei of the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus. It is a composite structure that consists of the mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus and the mammillothalamic tract of the thalamus (Carpenter-1983). (from Brain Info.org)" [NLXANAT:1010016] +def: "A fiber pathway that originates from neurons in the posterior hypothalamic region and projects to various nuclei of the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus. It is a composite structure that consists of the mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus and the mammillothalamic tract of the thalamus (Carpenter-1983). (from Brain Info.org)." [NLXANAT:1010016] comment: The mammillothalamic fasciculus arises from cells in both the medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary body and by fibers that are directly continued from the fornix. The Mammillothalamic fasciculus then connects the mammillary body to the dorsal tegmental nuclei, the ventral tegmental nuclei, and the anterior thalamic nucleus [WP] synonym: "bundle of vicq d%27azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "bundle of vicq d%e2%80%99azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] @@ -116261,7 +116261,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex id: UBERON:0006698 name: mammillotegmental axonal tract alt_id: UBERON:0002725 -def: "The mammillotegmental tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the tegmentum and pons" [GO:0061376] +def: "The mammillotegmental tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the tegmentum and pons." [GO:0061376] synonym: "fasciculus mamillotegmentalis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:423] synonym: "Gudden tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillo-tegmental tract" RELATED [NeuroNames:423] @@ -116295,7 +116295,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006699 name: foramen cecum of tongue -def: "The median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; the foramen cecum is the point of attachment of the thyroglossal duct and is formed during the embryological descent of the thyroid gland" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/281, MP:0013234] +def: "The median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; the foramen cecum is the point of attachment of the thyroglossal duct and is formed during the embryological descent of the thyroid gland." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/281, MP:0013234] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "blind foramen of tongue" EXACT [MP:0013234] synonym: "cecal foramen of tongue" EXACT [MP:0013234] @@ -116366,7 +116366,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleto [Term] id: UBERON:0006716 name: mesopodium region -def: "The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus)" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MA:th, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates] +def: "The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus)." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MA:th, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates] synonym: "carpus/tarsus" EXACT [] synonym: "mesopod" RELATED [] synonym: "mesopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th] @@ -116490,7 +116490,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "We use this class to group the medial and lateral p [Term] id: UBERON:0006721 name: alisphenoid bone -def: "either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003235] +def: "either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003235] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ala major (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52868] synonym: "ala major ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_wing_of_sphenoid_bone] @@ -116543,7 +116543,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Conical in shape, with the cone extending inwards ( [Term] id: UBERON:0006723 name: cochlear modiolus -def: "the central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0003309] +def: "the central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0003309] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cochlea modiolus" EXACT [FMA:61278] @@ -116664,7 +116664,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0006729 name: liver perisinusoidal space -def: "the extravascular space in the liver between the parenchymal cells and a sinusoid that contains the blood plasma" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008988] +def: "the extravascular space in the liver between the parenchymal cells and a sinusoid that contains the blood plasma." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008988] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Disse's space" EXACT [FMA:63162] synonym: "hepatic perisinusoidal space" EXACT [FMA:63162] @@ -116810,7 +116810,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "paired" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006761 name: corneo-scleral junction -def: "the edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm" [MP:0013477] +def: "the edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm." [MP:0013477] comment: This location has parts such as blood vessels etc. See PMC2868485, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2695343 subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -116869,7 +116869,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/S [Term] id: UBERON:0006763 name: epithelium of conjunctiva -def: "Layer of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium lining the conjunctiva, overlying scleral tissue" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Layer of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium lining the conjunctiva, overlying scleral tissue." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "conjunctiva epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62131] @@ -117027,7 +117027,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "here epiphysis means deriving from a separate oss [Term] id: UBERON:0006777 name: tectal plate -def: "embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=453] +def: "embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=453] comment: The term "tectal plate" (or "quadrigeminal plate") is used to describe the junction of the gray and white matter in the embryo. (NeuroNames ancil-453) synonym: "lamina quadrigemina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77488, FMA:TA] synonym: "quadrigeminal plate" EXACT [FMA:77488] @@ -117092,7 +117092,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "we follow FMA is making this gray matter, but this [Term] id: UBERON:0006782 name: stratum lemnisci of superior colliculus -def: "Composite layer of the superior colliculus lying deep to the stratum opticum, that can be further subdivided into fiber and cell rich layers (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 2nd ed., 1981, pg 544)" [NLX:144110] +def: "Composite layer of the superior colliculus lying deep to the stratum opticum, that can be further subdivided into fiber and cell rich layers (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 2nd ed., 1981, pg 544)." [NLX:144110] synonym: "stratum lemnisci" BROAD [NLX:144110] xref: BAMS:StL xref: FMA:72408 @@ -117427,7 +117427,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Small opening for the passage of the obtura [Term] id: UBERON:0006804 name: reticular tissue -def: "Loose connective tissue which consists of an irregular network of cells and reticular fibers and is spatially associated with myeloid and lymphoid cells. Examples: stroma of bone marrow, stroma of spleen, stroma of lymph node.[FMA]" [FMA:20116, Wikipedia:Reticular_connective_tissue] +def: "Loose connective tissue which consists of an irregular network of cells and reticular fibers and is spatially associated with myeloid and lymphoid cells. Examples: stroma of bone marrow, stroma of spleen, stroma of lymph node.[FMA]." [FMA:20116, Wikipedia:Reticular_connective_tissue] synonym: "reticular connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:20116] synonym: "textus connectivus reticularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20116] xref: AAO:0000542 @@ -117753,7 +117753,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check AAO; grouping is made on basis of rela [Term] id: UBERON:0006838 name: ventral ramus of spinal nerve -def: "Branch of spinal nerve that innervates the hypaxial muscles" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] +def: "Branch of spinal nerve that innervates the hypaxial muscles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior branch of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5982] synonym: "anterior primary ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982] synonym: "anterior ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982] @@ -117772,7 +117772,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Spinal:nerve.svg xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0006839 name: dorsal ramus of spinal nerve -def: "Branch of spinal nerve that innervates the epaxial muscles" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] +def: "Branch of spinal nerve that innervates the epaxial muscles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] synonym: "dorsal ramus" BROAD [FMA:5983] synonym: "posterior branch of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5983] synonym: "posterior primary ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983] @@ -118103,7 +118103,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider ceding to TAO/ZFA - however, structure als [Term] id: UBERON:0006858 name: adrenal/interrenal gland -def: "This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]" [GO:0030325] +def: "This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]." [GO:0030325] subset: homology_grouping subset: organ_slim synonym: "adrenal - interrenal gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001141] @@ -118312,7 +118312,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "endostylar" xsd:string id: UBERON:0006871 name: embryonic footplate alt_id: UBERON:0004343 -def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pes (foot)" [https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2218, MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] +def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pes (foot)." [https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2218, MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "distal part of hindlimb bud" RELATED [EMAPA:17249] synonym: "foot disk" RELATED [] @@ -118341,7 +118341,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! embryonic handplate [Term] id: UBERON:0006875 name: embryonic handplate -def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the manus (hand)" [MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] +def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the manus (hand)." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "distal part of forelimb bud" RELATED [EMAPA:17245] synonym: "hand plate" EXACT [] synonym: "handplate" EXACT [] @@ -118568,7 +118568,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FBbt:00007028 (squamous epithelium) A t [Term] id: UBERON:0006915 name: stratified squamous epithelium -def: "Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]" [FMA:45563, Wikipedia:Stratified_squamous_epithelium] +def: "Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]." [FMA:45563, Wikipedia:Stratified_squamous_epithelium] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelium stratificatum squamosum" EXACT [FMA:45563] xref: FMA:45563 @@ -118694,7 +118694,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006929 name: glandular columnar epithelium -def: "Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]" [FMA:64800] +def: "Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]." [FMA:64800] xref: FMA:64800 xref: NCIT:C13182 xref: UMLS:C0225337 {source="ncithesaurus:Columnar_Epithelium"} @@ -118768,7 +118768,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004721 {source="MA"} ! crista ampullaris [Term] id: UBERON:0006936 name: thymus subcapsular epithelium -def: "the epithelial cells lining the capsule and trabeculae of the thymus" [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002369] +def: "the epithelial cells lining the capsule and trabeculae of the thymus." [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002369] subset: pheno_slim xref: MA:0000769 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -118779,7 +118779,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check whether this is part of the thymus or [Term] id: UBERON:0006937 name: inner ear epithelium -def: "the epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals" [MGI:csmith, MP:0003308] +def: "the epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals." [MGI:csmith, MP:0003308] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:32883 xref: MA:0001189 @@ -119133,7 +119133,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006967 ! horn [Term] id: UBERON:0006969 name: cranial appendage -def: "An anatomical projection that is part of and protrudes from the head" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An anatomical projection that is part of and protrudes from the head." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head property_value: editor_note "revisit after CARO2 appendage issue is sorted. Note that antennae are appendages that protrude from the head" xsd:string @@ -119210,7 +119210,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0006984 name: anatomical surface -def: "A two dimensional anatomical structure that is the boundary between an anatomical structure and an anatomical substance, an anatomical space or the organism's environment. Examples include the surface of your skin, the surface of the lining of your gut; the surface of the endothelium of you aorta that is in contact with blood.n" [CARO:0001002] +def: "A two dimensional anatomical structure that is the boundary between an anatomical structure and an anatomical substance, an anatomical space or the organism's environment. Examples include the surface of your skin, the surface of the lining of your gut; the surface of the endothelium of you aorta that is in contact with blood.n." [CARO:0001002] comment: Old definition: 'Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures.' Note, in the new definition, the space referred to is not necessarily an anatomical space. It may be the outside of an organism. subset: upper_level xref: BILA:0000010 @@ -119491,7 +119491,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000323 ! late embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007111 name: Douglas' pouch -def: "The rectouterine pouch (or rectouterine excavation, rectovaginal, Ehrhardt-Cole Recess or Pouch of Douglas) is the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and back wall of the uterus in the female human body. The rectouterine pouch is used in the treatment of end-stage renal failure in patients who are treated by peritoneal dialysis. The tip of the dialysis catheter is placed into the deepest point of the pouch. In women it is the deepest point of the peritoneal cavity, posterior to (behind) the uterus and anterior to (in front of) rectum. (The pouch on the other side of the uterus is the vesicouterine excavation. ) It is near the posterior fornix of the vagina. In men, the region corresponding to the rectouterine pouch is the rectovesical excavation, which lies between the urinary bladder and rectum. (There is no equivalent to the vesicouterine excavation.)" [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] +def: "The rectouterine pouch (or rectouterine excavation, rectovaginal, Ehrhardt-Cole Recess or Pouch of Douglas) is the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and back wall of the uterus in the female human body. The rectouterine pouch is used in the treatment of end-stage renal failure in patients who are treated by peritoneal dialysis. The tip of the dialysis catheter is placed into the deepest point of the pouch. In women it is the deepest point of the peritoneal cavity, posterior to (behind) the uterus and anterior to (in front of) rectum. (The pouch on the other side of the uterus is the vesicouterine excavation. ) It is near the posterior fornix of the vagina. In men, the region corresponding to the rectouterine pouch is the rectovesical excavation, which lies between the urinary bladder and rectum. (There is no equivalent to the vesicouterine excavation.)." [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "cavum Douglassi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "cul de sac of douglas" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "cul-de-sac of douglsa" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225] @@ -119973,7 +119973,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/G [Term] id: UBERON:0007140 name: parietal mesothelium -def: "Mesothelium overs the body walls is called the parietal mesothelium" [Wikipedia:Mesothelium] +def: "Mesothelium overs the body walls is called the parietal mesothelium." [Wikipedia:Mesothelium] xref: EMAPA:37714 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0000566 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium @@ -119981,7 +119981,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007141 name: visceral mesothelium -def: "Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called visceral mesothelium" [Wikipedia:Mesothelium] +def: "Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called visceral mesothelium." [Wikipedia:Mesothelium] xref: EMAPA:37804 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0000567 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium @@ -120420,7 +120420,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider merging with UBERON:1500000 scapular blade [Term] id: UBERON:0007175 name: inferior angle of scapula -def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the union of the vertebral and axillary borders; its dorsal surface affords attachment to the Teres major and frequently to a few fibers of the Latissimus dorsi.[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula] +def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the union of the vertebral and axillary borders; its dorsal surface affords attachment to the Teres major and frequently to a few fibers of the Latissimus dorsi.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "angulus inferior (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:13315] synonym: "angulus inferior scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula] xref: EMAPA:25128 @@ -120431,7 +120431,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007172 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! angle of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007176 name: superior angle of scapula -def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the junction of the superior and vertebral borders. It is thin, smooth, rounded, inclined somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the Levator scapulae[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] +def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the junction of the superior and vertebral borders. It is thin, smooth, rounded, inclined somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the Levator scapulae[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "angulus superior (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23248] synonym: "angulus superior scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "medial angle of scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] @@ -121134,7 +121134,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class exists largely for consistency with th id: UBERON:0007249 name: dorsal accessory inferior olivary nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0014288 -def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] +def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] synonym: "DAO" EXACT ABBREVIATION [NLXANAT:100310] synonym: "dorsal accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "dorsal accessory olive" EXACT [NLXANAT:100310] @@ -121159,7 +121159,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0007250 name: lingual tonsil -def: "the lymph tissue on the floor of the oropharyngeal passage, near the root of the tongue" [MGI:cwg, MP:0002385] +def: "the lymph tissue on the floor of the oropharyngeal passage, near the root of the tongue." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002385] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lingual tonsillar tissue" EXACT [MA:0000773] synonym: "tonsilla lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_tonsils] @@ -121188,7 +121188,7 @@ relationship: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:117569 {source="Hardisty, p. 320-1"} ! [Term] id: UBERON:0007252 name: intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra -def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a cervical region of vertebral column. A cervical intervertebral disk connects at least one cervical vertebra, either to another cervical vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a thoracic vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a cervical region of vertebral column. A cervical intervertebral disk connects at least one cervical vertebra, either to another cervical vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a thoracic vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cervical intervertebral disc" EXACT [FMA:13895] synonym: "intervertebral disc of cervical region" EXACT [EMAPA:19415] xref: EMAPA:19415 @@ -121200,7 +121200,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007254 name: intervertebral disk of thoracic vertebra -def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a thoracic region of vertebral column. A thoracic intervertebral disk connects at least one thoracic vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a lumbar vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a thoracic region of vertebral column. A thoracic intervertebral disk connects at least one thoracic vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a lumbar vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "intervertebral disc of thoracic region" EXACT [EMAPA:19489] xref: EMAPA:19489 xref: FMA:10455 @@ -121210,7 +121210,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007255 name: intervertebral disk of lumbar vertebra -def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a lumbar region of vertebral column. A lumbar intervertebral disk connects at least one lumbar vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a sacral vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a lumbar region of vertebral column. A lumbar intervertebral disk connects at least one lumbar vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a sacral vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "intervertebral disc of lumbar region" EXACT [EMAPA:19468] xref: EMAPA:19468 xref: FMA:13894 @@ -121220,7 +121220,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007257 name: intervertebral disk of sacral vertebra -def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a sacral region of vertebral column. A sacral intervertebral disk connects at least one sacral vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a sacral vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a sacral region of vertebral column. A sacral intervertebral disk connects at least one sacral vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a sacral vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "intervertebral disc of sacral region" EXACT [EMAPA:19575] xref: EMAPA:19575 xref: FMA:268676 @@ -122180,7 +122180,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "consider extending to crocodilians. EMAPA has prove [Term] id: UBERON:0007358 name: abomasum -def: "The fourth stomach of ruminating animals, which is an elongated pear-shaped sac lying on the floor of the abdomen, on the right-hand side, and roughly between the seventh and twelfth ribs. It leads to the beginning of the small intestine. (Adapted From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)" [MESH:A13.869.106, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Abomasum] +def: "The fourth stomach of ruminating animals, which is an elongated pear-shaped sac lying on the floor of the abdomen, on the right-hand side, and roughly between the seventh and twelfth ribs. It leads to the beginning of the small intestine. (Adapted From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)." [MESH:A13.869.106, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Abomasum] subset: organ_slim synonym: "fourth stomach" RELATED [BTO:0000024] synonym: "maw" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abomasum] @@ -122214,7 +122214,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "You will still see the statement in some text [Term] id: UBERON:0007361 name: ruminant reticulum -def: "The second stomach of ruminants. It lies almost in the midline in the front of the abdomen, in contact with the liver and diaphragm and communicates freely with the RUMEN via the ruminoreticular orifice. The lining of the reticulum is raised into folds forming a honeycomb pattern over the surface. (From Concise Veterinary Dictionary, 1988)" [MESH:A13.869.697, Wikipedia:Reticulum_(anatomy)] +def: "The second stomach of ruminants. It lies almost in the midline in the front of the abdomen, in contact with the liver and diaphragm and communicates freely with the RUMEN via the ruminoreticular orifice. The lining of the reticulum is raised into folds forming a honeycomb pattern over the surface. (From Concise Veterinary Dictionary, 1988)." [MESH:A13.869.697, Wikipedia:Reticulum_(anatomy)] synonym: "reticulum" BROAD SENSU [BTO:0000347] xref: BTO:0000347 xref: MESH:D012159 @@ -122230,7 +122230,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Abomasum:(PSF).png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0007362 name: omasum -def: "The third stomach of ruminants, situated on the right side of the abdomen at a higher level than the fourth stomach and between this latter and the second stomach, with both of which it communicates. From its inner surface project large numbers of leaves or folia, each of which possesses roughened surfaces. In the center of each folium is a band of muscle fibers which produces a rasping movement of the leaf when it contracts. One leaf rubs against those on either side of it, and large particles of food material are ground down between the rough surfaces, preparatory to further digestion in the succeeeding parts of the alimentary canal. (Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)" [MESH:A13.869.524, Wikipedia:Omasum] +def: "The third stomach of ruminants, situated on the right side of the abdomen at a higher level than the fourth stomach and between this latter and the second stomach, with both of which it communicates. From its inner surface project large numbers of leaves or folia, each of which possesses roughened surfaces. In the center of each folium is a band of muscle fibers which produces a rasping movement of the leaf when it contracts. One leaf rubs against those on either side of it, and large particles of food material are ground down between the rough surfaces, preparatory to further digestion in the succeeeding parts of the alimentary canal. (Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)." [MESH:A13.869.524, Wikipedia:Omasum] synonym: "omasum" RELATED [MESH:A13.869.524] xref: BTO:0000348 xref: GAID:1242 @@ -122277,7 +122277,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "There is no muscularis mucosae in the rumen. Th [Term] id: UBERON:0007366 name: ruminant stomach -def: "The ruminants' stomach consists of four compartments: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The first three compartments comprise the forestomach (proventriculus). They are lined with nonglandular membrane. The fourth compartment, the abomasum comprises the true stomach of the ruminants. It is lined with glandular mucous membrane. The rumen lies on the left of the abdominal cavity, the reticulum cranially and the omasum on the right. The abomasum lies ventrally, its proximal end lies ventral to the rumen, reticulum and omasum" [http://www.onemedicine.tuskegee.edu/DigestiveSystem/Stomach/Stomach_Ruminants.html] +def: "The ruminants' stomach consists of four compartments: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The first three compartments comprise the forestomach (proventriculus). They are lined with nonglandular membrane. The fourth compartment, the abomasum comprises the true stomach of the ruminants. It is lined with glandular mucous membrane. The rumen lies on the left of the abdominal cavity, the reticulum cranially and the omasum on the right. The abomasum lies ventrally, its proximal end lies ventral to the rumen, reticulum and omasum." [http://www.onemedicine.tuskegee.edu/DigestiveSystem/Stomach/Stomach_Ruminants.html] synonym: "plurilocular stomach" RELATED [] xref: GAID:1240 xref: MESH:D013279 @@ -122584,7 +122584,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0007416 name: cerebellar peduncle -def: "any of the three large paired bundles of nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem" [MGI:csmith, MP:0009976] +def: "any of the three large paired bundles of nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009976] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellum peduncle" RELATED [EMAPA:35213] xref: BAMS:cbp @@ -122610,7 +122610,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0007418 name: neural decussation -def: "Nerve fibers crossing the midline of the neuraxis relative to their point of origin, on a course to from one level of the nervous system to another. (CUMBO, Heimer, L. The Human Brain, 2nd ed., 1995, pg 6)" [NLX:144064] +def: "Nerve fibers crossing the midline of the neuraxis relative to their point of origin, on a course to from one level of the nervous system to another. (CUMBO, Heimer, L. The Human Brain, 2nd ed., 1995, pg 6)." [NLX:144064] subset: cumbo synonym: "chiasm" BROAD [] synonym: "chiasma" BROAD [] @@ -122887,7 +122887,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct [Term] id: UBERON:0007592 name: ciliated columnar epithelium -def: "Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]" [FMA:64798] +def: "Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]." [FMA:64798] xref: FMA:64798 is_a: UBERON:0000485 {source="FMA"} ! simple columnar epithelium intersection_of: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium @@ -122905,7 +122905,7 @@ intersection_of: has_part CL:0000067 ! ciliated epithelial cell [Term] id: UBERON:0007602 name: stratified columnar epithelium -def: "Stratified columnar epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of column shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. Stratified columnar epithelia are found in the ocular conjunctiva of the eye, in parts of the pharynx and anus, the female's uterus, the male urethra and vas deferens. Also found in intralobular ducts in salivary glands.[WP]" [Wikipedia:Stratified_columnar_epithelia] +def: "Stratified columnar epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of column shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. Stratified columnar epithelia are found in the ocular conjunctiva of the eye, in parts of the pharynx and anus, the female's uterus, the male urethra and vas deferens. Also found in intralobular ducts in salivary glands.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Stratified_columnar_epithelia] synonym: "epithelium stratificatum columnare" EXACT [FMA:45564] xref: FMA:45564 xref: NCIT:C33620 @@ -123004,7 +123004,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/G [Term] id: UBERON:0007615 name: prostate gland ventral lobe -def: "Prostate gland lobe that in the mouse has the following characteristics: grossly, clear, gelatinous, and leaf-like; originates ventrally and wraps incompletely around the urethra dorsally, bilaterally. Simple columnar epithelium with the least amount of infolding. Secretory cells are oval and have slightly foamy cytoplasm; nuclei and basal nucleoli are inconspicuous. The secretion is pale and homogeneous. The stroma is thin" [PMID:15163300] +def: "Prostate gland lobe that in the mouse has the following characteristics: grossly, clear, gelatinous, and leaf-like; originates ventrally and wraps incompletely around the urethra dorsally, bilaterally. Simple columnar epithelium with the least amount of infolding. Secretory cells are oval and have slightly foamy cytoplasm; nuclei and basal nucleoli are inconspicuous. The secretion is pale and homogeneous. The stroma is thin." [PMID:15163300] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ventral prostate" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000490 @@ -123159,7 +123159,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 {source="ABA"} ! striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0007629 name: medial septal complex -def: "A septal nuclear complex that consists of the nucleus of the diagonal bands and the septal medial nuclei" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1356] +def: "A septal nuclear complex that consists of the nucleus of the diagonal bands and the septal medial nuclei." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1356] synonym: "medial septum complex" RELATED [BAMS:MSX] xref: BAMS:MSC xref: BAMS:MSX @@ -123304,7 +123304,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0007637 name: hippocampus stratum lucidum -def: "Layer of hippocampus area CA3 lying superficial to the pyramidal cell layer that contains mossy fiber axons projecting from the dentate gyrus. A slight thickening in this layer marks the border in some species between areas CA2 and CA3. dapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)" [BIRNLEX:4108] +def: "Layer of hippocampus area CA3 lying superficial to the pyramidal cell layer that contains mossy fiber axons projecting from the dentate gyrus. A slight thickening in this layer marks the border in some species between areas CA2 and CA3. dapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)." [BIRNLEX:4108] synonym: "stratum lucidum" BROAD [BIRNLEX:4108] synonym: "stratum lucidum hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum_of_hippocampus] synonym: "stratum lucidum hippocampus" RELATED [BAMS:SLu] @@ -123353,7 +123353,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check xref: NCIT:C32058 ! Alveus" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0007640 name: hippocampus stratum lacunosum moleculare -def: "Layer of the hippocampus lying just superficial to the stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface of the hippocampus. The fibers of the perforant pathway fibers from entorhinal cortex and several other brain areas terminate in this layer. Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)" [BIRNLEX:1359] +def: "Layer of the hippocampus lying just superficial to the stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface of the hippocampus. The fibers of the perforant pathway fibers from entorhinal cortex and several other brain areas terminate in this layer. Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460)." [BIRNLEX:1359] synonym: "lacunar-molecular layer of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83149] synonym: "stratum hippocampi moleculare et substratum lacunosum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83149, FMA:TA] synonym: "stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1359, http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2456] @@ -123421,7 +123421,7 @@ relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0007642 ! ligamentum arteriosum [Term] id: UBERON:0007644 name: thoracic lymph node -def: "A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes" [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Lymph_node#Lymph_nodes_of_the_thorax] +def: "A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Lymph_node#Lymph_nodes_of_the_thorax] synonym: "deep thoracic lymph node" RELATED [FMA:12772] synonym: "lymph node of thorax" EXACT [FMA:12772] xref: FMA:12772 @@ -123477,7 +123477,7 @@ relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0007213 {source="ISBN:9 [Term] id: UBERON:0007650 name: esophagogastric junction -def: "The junction between the esophagus and the stomach epithelium" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/esophagogastric+junction] +def: "The junction between the esophagus and the stomach epithelium." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/esophagogastric+junction] synonym: "cardioesophageal junction" EXACT [FMA:9434] synonym: "esophageal sphincter" RELATED [MESH:A03.365.414] synonym: "esophagogastric junction" RELATED [MESH:A03.365.414] @@ -123499,7 +123499,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "compare with gastroesophageal sphincter" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0007651 name: anatomical junction -def: "An anatomical structure that connects two structures" [http://code.google.com/p/caro2/issues/detail?id=15] +def: "An anatomical structure that connects two structures." [http://code.google.com/p/caro2/issues/detail?id=15] subset: upper_level synonym: "anatomical junction" EXACT [] synonym: "junction" BROAD [] @@ -123565,7 +123565,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/G [Term] id: UBERON:0007657 name: anular ligament of radius -def: "The anular ligament (orbicular ligament) is a strong band of fibers, which encircles the head of the radius (bone), and retains it in contact with the radial notch of the ulna" [Wikipedia:Anular_ligament_of_radius] +def: "The anular ligament (orbicular ligament) is a strong band of fibers, which encircles the head of the radius (bone), and retains it in contact with the radial notch of the ulna." [Wikipedia:Anular_ligament_of_radius] synonym: "annular ligament of radius" EXACT [FMA:38872] synonym: "anular ligament" BROAD [EMAPA:19322] synonym: "ligamentum anulare radii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:38872, FMA:TA] @@ -123775,7 +123775,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "the NIFSTD class 'nerve tract' is classified under [Term] id: UBERON:0007703 name: spinothalamic tract -def: "A tract that originates from neurons in the spinal central gray and projects to various somatosensory nuclei of the thalamus. It is formed in the medulla by merger of the anterior spinothalamic tract and lateral spinothalamic tract (adapted from Braininfo.org)" [NLXANAT:1010017] +def: "A tract that originates from neurons in the spinal central gray and projects to various somatosensory nuclei of the thalamus. It is formed in the medulla by merger of the anterior spinothalamic tract and lateral spinothalamic tract (adapted from Braininfo.org)." [NLXANAT:1010017] xref: BAMS:spth xref: BAMS:stt xref: DHBA:12789 @@ -124453,7 +124453,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001300 ! scrotum [Term] id: UBERON:0007774 name: secondary dentition -def: "The teeth of adulthood that either replace or are added to the complement of deciduous teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)" [MESH:A14.254.237] +def: "The teeth of adulthood that either replace or are added to the complement of deciduous teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)." [MESH:A14.254.237] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "adult dentition" RELATED [GAID:1251] synonym: "dentes permanentes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75152, FMA:TA] @@ -124472,7 +124472,7 @@ intersection_of: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0007775 name: secondary tooth -def: "A tooth that forms after a primary tooth" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A tooth that forms after a primary tooth." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: GAT in FMA subset: pheno_slim synonym: "dentes permanentes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Permanent_teeth] @@ -124518,7 +124518,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001310 {source="BTO"} ! umbilical artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007779 name: transudate -def: "Any bodily fluid that has passed through a membrane such as the capillary wall, as a result of unbalanced hydrostatic and osmotic forces" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transudate] +def: "Any bodily fluid that has passed through a membrane such as the capillary wall, as a result of unbalanced hydrostatic and osmotic forces." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transudate] synonym: "plasma ultrafiltrate" RELATED [] xref: FMA:12276 xref: GAID:1195 @@ -124590,7 +124590,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in both MA and BTO, the arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0007799 name: mixed dentition -def: "The complement of teeth in the jaws after the eruption of some of the permanent teeth but before all the deciduous teeth are absent. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)" [MESH:A14.254.229] +def: "The complement of teeth in the jaws after the eruption of some of the permanent teeth but before all the deciduous teeth are absent. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)." [MESH:A14.254.229] synonym: "transitional dentition" EXACT [GAID:1250] xref: GAID:1250 xref: MESH:A14.254.229 @@ -125041,7 +125041,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributio [Term] id: UBERON:0007833 name: osseus semicircular canal -def: "the organ of balance composed of three long bony tubes of the labyrinth" [MESH:A09.246.631.663, MGI:cwg, MP:0002428] +def: "the organ of balance composed of three long bony tubes of the labyrinth." [MESH:A09.246.631.663, MGI:cwg, MP:0002428] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "osseous semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000250 @@ -125680,7 +125680,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the FMA class does not denote a muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008246 name: pyloric stomach -def: "The mouth of a starfish is located on the underside of the body, and opens through a short esophagus into firstly a cardiac stomach, and then, a second, pyloric stomach. Each arm also contains two pyloric caeca, long hollow tubes branching outwards from the pyloric stomach. Each pyloric caecum is lined by a series of digestive glands, which secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients from the food. A short intestine runs from the upper surface of the pyloric stomach to open at an anus in the center of the upper body" [Wikipedia:Starfish] +def: "The mouth of a starfish is located on the underside of the body, and opens through a short esophagus into firstly a cardiac stomach, and then, a second, pyloric stomach. Each arm also contains two pyloric caeca, long hollow tubes branching outwards from the pyloric stomach. Each pyloric caecum is lined by a series of digestive glands, which secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients from the food. A short intestine runs from the upper surface of the pyloric stomach to open at an anus in the center of the upper body." [Wikipedia:Starfish] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0002121 xref: SCTID:280119005 @@ -126115,7 +126115,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft [Term] id: UBERON:0008287 name: feather vane -def: "The portion of the feather that extends to either side of the rachis and is composed of the barbs and their associated structures" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://en.wikivet.net/Feather_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology] +def: "The portion of the feather that extends to either side of the rachis and is composed of the barbs and their associated structures." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://en.wikivet.net/Feather_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology] synonym: "vane" BROAD [] synonym: "vexillum" EXACT [https://en.wikivet.net/Feather_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology] xref: BTO:0002536 @@ -126145,7 +126145,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008291 name: down feather -def: "A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the calamus" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm, Wikipedia:Down_feather] +def: "A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the calamus." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm, Wikipedia:Down_feather] synonym: "body down feather" NARROW [] synonym: "downy feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "natal down feather" NARROW [] @@ -126329,7 +126329,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 {source="FMA"} ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0008324 name: erectile tissue -def: "with numerous vascular spaces that may become engorged with blood" [Wikipedia:Erectile_tissue] +def: "with numerous vascular spaces that may become engorged with blood." [Wikipedia:Erectile_tissue] comment: Examples: corpus cavernosum or penis or clitoris xref: Wikipedia:Erectile_tissue is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue @@ -126338,7 +126338,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:33213 ! Bilateria [Term] id: UBERON:0008330 name: vestibule of vagina -def: "The space posterior to the glans clitoridis, between the labia minora; located within the vestibule are the openings of the vagina, the urethra, and the ducts of the lesser vestibular glands, the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands, and the paraurethral (Skene's) glands, which release mucus into the vestibule to maintain a moist, lubricated vestibular environment; the vestibule is also moistened by secretions from the cervical mucus glands located in the inferior region of the uterus" [MGI:anna, MP:0011848] +def: "The space posterior to the glans clitoridis, between the labia minora; located within the vestibule are the openings of the vagina, the urethra, and the ducts of the lesser vestibular glands, the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands, and the paraurethral (Skene's) glands, which release mucus into the vestibule to maintain a moist, lubricated vestibular environment; the vestibule is also moistened by secretions from the cervical mucus glands located in the inferior region of the uterus." [MGI:anna, MP:0011848] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "introitus" RELATED [FMA:19984] synonym: "vagina vestibule" EXACT [MP:0011848] @@ -126871,7 +126871,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Modern humans are unique among hominids in having a [Term] id: UBERON:0008447 name: intertarsal joint -def: "Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. The specific intertarsal articulations are: Talocalcaneal articulation Talocalcaneonavicular articulation Calcaneocuboid articulation Cuneonavicular articulation Cuboideonavicular articulation Intercuneiform articulation Cuneocuboid articulation" [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] +def: "Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. The specific intertarsal articulations are: Talocalcaneal articulation Talocalcaneonavicular articulation Calcaneocuboid articulation Cuneonavicular articulation Cuboideonavicular articulation Intercuneiform articulation Cuneocuboid articulation." [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] synonym: "articulationes intertarsale" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831] synonym: "articulationes intertarsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] synonym: "articulationes intertarseae" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831] @@ -127123,7 +127123,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/M [Term] id: UBERON:0008488 name: cremaster muscle -def: "A thin layer of skeletal muscle that envelops the spermatic cord and testis of most male mammals in a series of loops; it is a continuation of the obliquus internus, arising from the inguinal ligament and inserting into the crest of the pubis and into the sheath of the rectus abdominis; it is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and functions to draw the testis up toward the superficial inguinal ring in response to cold or to stimulation of the nerve;" [MGI:anna, MP:0011833, Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] +def: "A thin layer of skeletal muscle that envelops the spermatic cord and testis of most male mammals in a series of loops; it is a continuation of the obliquus internus, arising from the inguinal ligament and inserting into the crest of the pubis and into the sheath of the rectus abdominis; it is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and functions to draw the testis up toward the superficial inguinal ring in response to cold or to stimulation of the nerve;." [MGI:anna, MP:0011833, Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cremaster" EXACT [FMA:21531] synonym: "cremaster muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] @@ -127655,7 +127655,7 @@ relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 {notes="buccal branches", source="dbp [Term] id: UBERON:0008596 name: mentalis muscle -def: "A muscle of facial expression, innervated by the facial nerve, attached to the skin of the lower lip and inferior to the lower lip (in humans this region is called the chin or mental region), the orbicularis oris muscle, and the mandible in the symphyseal region. See Diogo et al., 2009; Burrows et al., 2011)" [MFMO:0000122] +def: "A muscle of facial expression, innervated by the facial nerve, attached to the skin of the lower lip and inferior to the lower lip (in humans this region is called the chin or mental region), the orbicularis oris muscle, and the mandible in the symphyseal region. See Diogo et al., 2009; Burrows et al., 2011)." [MFMO:0000122] synonym: "mentalis" EXACT [MFMO:0000122] synonym: "musculus mentalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Mentalis] xref: FMA:46825 @@ -128078,7 +128078,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/G [Term] id: UBERON:0008780 name: inner cell mass derived epiblast -def: "An embryonic structure that is derived from the inner cell mass and lies above the hypoblast and gives rise to the three primary germ layers" [MP:0003886] +def: "An embryonic structure that is derived from the inner cell mass and lies above the hypoblast and gives rise to the three primary germ layers." [MP:0003886] comment: The epiblast cells (appearing on day 8 of human embryonic development) make up a columnar epithelium with dense microvilli on the apical surface. During gastrulation, the epiblast cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and delaminate to become the loose mesenchyme of the primitive streak. The epiblast is present in postimplantation mouse embryos between E5.5-E7.5. subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim @@ -128192,7 +128192,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Posterior:fossa.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0008789 name: cranial fossa -def: "Any of the three large depressions in the posterior, middle, and anterior aspects of the floor of the cranial cavity" [http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/medical/cranial%20fossa] +def: "Any of the three large depressions in the posterior, middle, and anterior aspects of the floor of the cranial cavity." [http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/medical/cranial%20fossa] xref: FMA:321144 intersection_of: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium @@ -128272,7 +128272,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "rugae are present on each side of the median pa [Term] id: UBERON:0008800 name: parietal endoderm -def: "primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm[MP]" [MP:0011187, PMID:19201946] +def: "primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm[MP]." [MP:0011187, PMID:19201946] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "distal endoderm" RELATED [EMAPA:16053] xref: EMAPA:16053 @@ -128383,7 +128383,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In rodents, the prostate gland consists of three lo [Term] id: UBERON:0008808 name: prostate gland dorsolateral lobe -def: "the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle" [MP:0009381, PMID:12645922, PMID:3308446] +def: "the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle." [MP:0009381, PMID:12645922, PMID:3308446] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "dorsolateral prostate" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000541 @@ -128445,7 +128445,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is an external struc [Term] id: UBERON:0008812 name: hemipenis -def: "one of a pair of intromittent organs of male squamates. Hemipenes are usually held inverted, within the body, and are everted for reproduction via erectile tissue like that in the human penis. Only one is used at a time, and some evidence indicates males alternate use between copulations. The hemipenis itself has a variety of shapes, depending on species. Often the hemipenis bears spines or hooks, in order to anchor the male within the female. Some species even have forked hemipenes (each hemipenis has two tips). Due to being everted and inverted, hemipenes do not have a completely enclosed channel for the conduction of sperm, but rather a seminal groove which seals as the erectile tissue expands" [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] +def: "one of a pair of intromittent organs of male squamates. Hemipenes are usually held inverted, within the body, and are everted for reproduction via erectile tissue like that in the human penis. Only one is used at a time, and some evidence indicates males alternate use between copulations. The hemipenis itself has a variety of shapes, depending on species. Often the hemipenis bears spines or hooks, in order to anchor the male within the female. Some species even have forked hemipenes (each hemipenis has two tips). Due to being everted and inverted, hemipenes do not have a completely enclosed channel for the conduction of sperm, but rather a seminal groove which seals as the erectile tissue expands." [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] subset: organ_slim synonym: "hemipenes" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] xref: SCTID:27265006 @@ -128695,7 +128695,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - account for developmental change" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0008829 name: cerebellum external granule cell layer -def: "transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]" [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development] +def: "transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]." [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "external granule layer" BROAD [] synonym: "granule cell layer" BROAD [MP:0000872] @@ -128817,7 +128817,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0008838 name: metapodial pad -def: "A thick, spongy layer of tissue located under the metacarpal and metatarsal joints of the autopod" [ncithesaurus:Footpad] +def: "A thick, spongy layer of tissue located under the metacarpal and metatarsal joints of the autopod." [ncithesaurus:Footpad] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "foot pad" RELATED [] synonym: "footpad" RELATED [MA:0003010] @@ -128832,7 +128832,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check synonyms - re footpad" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0008839 name: palmar pad -def: "An autopod pad that is in the metacarpal region" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An autopod pad that is in the metacarpal region." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "hind foot pad" RELATED [] synonym: "metacarpal foot pad" RELATED [] synonym: "metacarpal pad" RELATED [] @@ -128847,7 +128847,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the EMAPA term refers to the plural" xs [Term] id: UBERON:0008840 name: plantar pad -def: "An autopod pad that is in the metatarsal region" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An autopod pad that is in the metatarsal region." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "fore foot pad" RELATED [] synonym: "metatarsal foot pad" RELATED [] synonym: "metatarsal pad" RELATED [] @@ -128868,7 +128868,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0008845 ! nonskeletal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0008842 name: suspensory ligament of testis -def: "The cranial atrophic portion of the urogenital ridge attached to the cranial pole of the intraabdominal embryonic testis" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=49790, Wikipedia:Scrotal_ligament] +def: "The cranial atrophic portion of the urogenital ridge attached to the cranial pole of the intraabdominal embryonic testis." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=49790, Wikipedia:Scrotal_ligament] synonym: "scrotal ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] xref: SCTID:279592009 xref: Wikipedia:Scrotal_ligament @@ -128982,7 +128982,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check - add cranial ovarian susp ligaments" [Term] id: UBERON:0008851 name: ectoplacental cavity -def: "closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity[MP]. a developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity, MP:0011207] +def: "closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity[MP]. a developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity, MP:0011207] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epamniotic cavity" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity] synonym: "epamniotic cavity" RELATED [MP:0011207] @@ -128994,7 +128994,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004364 ! ectoplacental cone [Term] id: UBERON:0008852 name: visceral yolk sac -def: "extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells" [MP:0001718] +def: "extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells." [MP:0001718] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "secondary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0001718] synonym: "umbilical vesicle" EXACT [MP:0001718] @@ -129039,7 +129039,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002450 {source="MP"} ! decidua [Term] id: UBERON:0008856 name: stomach muscularis externa -def: "The smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines" [MP:0010779] +def: "The smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines." [MP:0010779] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14909] synonym: "muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14909] @@ -129060,7 +129060,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "the muscularis externa in the stomach differs f [Term] id: UBERON:0008857 name: stomach smooth muscle circular layer -def: "The middle layer of the muscularis; it is continuous with the circular layer of the esophagus, but is absent in the fundus and lies concentric to the longitudinal axis of the stomach; the circular layer is normally tonically constricted forming a functional pyloric sphincter, which controls the movement of chyme into the duodenum" [MP:0010780] +def: "The middle layer of the muscularis; it is continuous with the circular layer of the esophagus, but is absent in the fundus and lies concentric to the longitudinal axis of the stomach; the circular layer is normally tonically constricted forming a functional pyloric sphincter, which controls the movement of chyme into the duodenum." [MP:0010780] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "circular layer of gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14911] synonym: "circular muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14911] @@ -129082,7 +129082,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "This layer wraps in a circular orientation aroun [Term] id: UBERON:0008858 name: pyloric canal -def: "The short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter" [MP:0010791, Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] +def: "The short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter." [MP:0010791, Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "canalis pyloricus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] synonym: "canalis pyloricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] @@ -129100,7 +129100,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Illu:stomach.jpg xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0008859 name: cardiac gastric gland -def: "A gastric gland in the cardiac region of the stomach; cardiac glands are fewer in number than in the fundus and body, and secrete mucin which coats the stomach and protects it[MP]" [MP:0010795, Wikipedia:Cardiac_glands] +def: "A gastric gland in the cardiac region of the stomach; cardiac glands are fewer in number than in the fundus and body, and secrete mucin which coats the stomach and protects it[MP]." [MP:0010795, Wikipedia:Cardiac_glands] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac gland" RELATED [FMA:14920] @@ -129125,7 +129125,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Kardong places this in the glandular ep [Term] id: UBERON:0008860 name: intermediate gastric gland -def: "Any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach" [MP:0010796] +def: "Any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach." [MP:0010796] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0000325 {source="Obol"} ! gastric gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 {source="MP"} ! fundus of stomach @@ -129159,7 +129159,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check relationship to pylorus vs antrum" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0008862 name: stomach smooth muscle inner oblique layer -def: "The innermost layer of the muscularis; it is not present in all sections of the stomach but is clearly seen in the fundus and near the lesser curvature of the corpus; the oblique fibers disappear distally (towards the pyloric antrum); the oblique layer is responsible for creating the motion that churns and physically breaks down the food" [MP:0010804] +def: "The innermost layer of the muscularis; it is not present in all sections of the stomach but is clearly seen in the fundus and near the lesser curvature of the corpus; the oblique fibers disappear distally (towards the pyloric antrum); the oblique layer is responsible for creating the motion that churns and physically breaks down the food." [MP:0010804] comment: The only layer of the three which is not seen in other parts of the digestive system[WP]. subset: pheno_slim synonym: "inner oblique muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [] @@ -129178,7 +129178,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "This layer is responsible for creating the motio [Term] id: UBERON:0008863 name: stomach smooth muscle outer longitudinal layer -def: "The most superficial layer of the muscularis; it has two sections, a longitudinal layer that is common with the esophagus and ends in the corpus, and a longitudinal layer that originates in the corpus and spreads into the duodenum" [http://medimagery.com/anatomy/stomach/layers-of-the-stomach.html, MP:0010805] +def: "The most superficial layer of the muscularis; it has two sections, a longitudinal layer that is common with the esophagus and ends in the corpus, and a longitudinal layer that originates in the corpus and spreads into the duodenum." [http://medimagery.com/anatomy/stomach/layers-of-the-stomach.html, MP:0010805] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "longitudinal layer of gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14910] synonym: "muscle layer 1 of stomach" EXACT [] @@ -129195,7 +129195,7 @@ relationship: superficial_to UBERON:0002439 ! myenteric nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0008866 name: enamel knot -def: "A transient cluster of cells in the central part of the dental epithelium facing the dental mesenchyme, which acts as an organizing center, providing positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulating the growth of tooth cusps" [MP:0010864] +def: "A transient cluster of cells in the central part of the dental epithelium facing the dental mesenchyme, which acts as an organizing center, providing positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulating the growth of tooth cusps." [MP:0010864] subset: pheno_slim xref: BTO:0005791 is_a: UBERON:0034922 ! cell cluster @@ -129206,7 +129206,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="MP"} ! tooth enamel organ [Term] id: UBERON:0008867 name: trabecular network of bone -def: "The network of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force" [MP:0010867] +def: "The network of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force." [MP:0010867] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bone trabecula" RELATED [MP:0010867] synonym: "bone trabeculae" RELATED [MP:0010867] @@ -129220,7 +129220,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider revision - we have 3 classes, the tissue i [Term] id: UBERON:0008870 name: pulmonary alveolar parenchyma -def: "The distinguishing cell types of the lung alveolar tissue, including pulmonary epithelial cells (pneumocytes), alveolar capillary endothelial cells, interstitial cells (fibroblasts) and alveolar macrophages" [MP:0010901] +def: "The distinguishing cell types of the lung alveolar tissue, including pulmonary epithelial cells (pneumocytes), alveolar capillary endothelial cells, interstitial cells (fibroblasts) and alveolar macrophages." [MP:0010901] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37942 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma @@ -129230,7 +129230,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0008873 name: alveolar pore -def: "The openings in the alveolar septum that permit air flow between adjacent alveoli" [MP:0010904] +def: "The openings in the alveolar septum that permit air flow between adjacent alveoli." [MP:0010904] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37391 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit @@ -129239,7 +129239,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008874 name: pulmonary acinus -def: "The part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches" [MP:0010911, Wikipedia:Acinus#The_Lungs] +def: "The part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches." [MP:0010911, Wikipedia:Acinus#The_Lungs] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "acinus pulmonaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7313, FMA:TA] synonym: "arbor alveolaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7313, FMA:TA] @@ -129258,7 +129258,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0010368 {source="FMA"} ! pulmonary lobule id: UBERON:0008876 name: hypodermis skeletal muscle layer alt_id: UBERON:0010934 -def: "Any skeletal muscle organ in the hypodermis / superficial fascia" [ISBN:0123813611, MP:0011157] +def: "Any skeletal muscle organ in the hypodermis / superficial fascia." [ISBN:0123813611, MP:0011157] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hypodermal muscle layer" EXACT [MP:0011157] synonym: "hypodermis muscle layer" EXACT [MP:0011157] @@ -129277,7 +129277,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "We follow MP and treat this as part of the hypoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0008877 name: epidermal-dermal junction -def: "The multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction" [MP:0011159] +def: "The multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction." [MP:0011159] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "dermal-epidermal junction" EXACT [FMA:70963] synonym: "dermo-epidermal junction" EXACT [] @@ -129357,7 +129357,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In rodents, the anterior region of the SVZ produces [Term] id: UBERON:0008882 name: spinal cord commissure -def: "The nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord" [MP:0009694] +def: "The nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord." [MP:0009694] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37955 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! nervous system commissure @@ -129500,7 +129500,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal pouch [Term] id: UBERON:0008895 name: splanchnocranium -def: "Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] +def: "Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] synonym: "branchial arch skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal arch" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000149] @@ -129915,7 +129915,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "ABA disjointness - Removed relationship [Term] id: UBERON:0008934 name: secondary somatosensory cortex -def: "the area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000863] +def: "the area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000863] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "S2" BROAD ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "somatosensory area 2" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sensory_system] @@ -130020,7 +130020,7 @@ relationship: protects UBERON:0007378 ! egg yolk [Term] id: UBERON:0008945 name: extraembryonic endoderm -def: "An extraembryonic epithelium that is formed by the delaminated cells of the primitive endoderm (hypoblast) that goes on to form the yolk sac. In mammals, as in avians, these cells do not produce any part of the newborn organism (i.e. they are extraembryonic)" [http://www.ana.ed.ac.uk/database/humat/notes/extraemb/mesoder.htm, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:9780878932504] +def: "An extraembryonic epithelium that is formed by the delaminated cells of the primitive endoderm (hypoblast) that goes on to form the yolk sac. In mammals, as in avians, these cells do not produce any part of the newborn organism (i.e. they are extraembryonic)." [http://www.ana.ed.ac.uk/database/humat/notes/extraemb/mesoder.htm, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:9780878932504] xref: EHDAA2:0000473 xref: EHDAA:105 xref: EMAPA:16052 @@ -130159,7 +130159,7 @@ relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088 {source="ISBN:0123813611"} ! Mus [Term] id: UBERON:0010925 name: median thyrohyoid ligament -def: "The middle thicker part of the thyrohyoid membrane is termed the median thyrohyoid ligament (middle hyothyroid ligament, middle thyrohyoid ligament), its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Its anterior surface is in relation with the Thyreohyoideus, Sternohyoideus, and Omohyoideus, and with the body of the hyoid bone" [Wikipedia:Median_thyrohyoid_ligament] +def: "The middle thicker part of the thyrohyoid membrane is termed the median thyrohyoid ligament (middle hyothyroid ligament, middle thyrohyoid ligament), its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Its anterior surface is in relation with the Thyreohyoideus, Sternohyoideus, and Omohyoideus, and with the body of the hyoid bone." [Wikipedia:Median_thyrohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum thyrohyoideum medianum" EXACT [] synonym: "middle thyrohyoid ligament" EXACT [FMA:55138] xref: FMA:55138 @@ -143249,7 +143249,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0010921 {source="FMA"} ! thyrohyoid ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0010926 name: lateral thyrohyoid ligament -def: "The lateral thyrohyoid ligament (lateral hyothyroid ligament) is a round elastic cord, which forms the posterior border of the hyothyroid membrane and passes between the tip of the superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the extremity of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. The recurrent laryngeal nerve typical lies lateral to this ligament" [Wikipedia:Lateral_thyrohyoid_ligament] +def: "The lateral thyrohyoid ligament (lateral hyothyroid ligament) is a round elastic cord, which forms the posterior border of the hyothyroid membrane and passes between the tip of the superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the extremity of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. The recurrent laryngeal nerve typical lies lateral to this ligament." [Wikipedia:Lateral_thyrohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum hyothyreoideum laterale" EXACT [] synonym: "ligamentum thyrohyoideum laterale" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55139 @@ -143347,7 +143347,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "One of the principal muscles used in swallo [Term] id: UBERON:0010932 name: crico-arytenoid muscle -def: "Cricoarytenoid muscles are muscles that connect the cricoid cartilage and arytenoid cartilage. More specifically, it can refer to: Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle" [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] +def: "Cricoarytenoid muscles are muscles that connect the cricoid cartilage and arytenoid cartilage. More specifically, it can refer to: Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle." [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] subset: grouping_class subset: non_informative synonym: "crico-arytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] @@ -143548,7 +143548,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in orangutans, this muscle attaches to the mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0010945 name: jugulohyoideus muscle -def: "runs from the processus jugularis to the os stylohyoideum; innervated with the ramus jugulohyoideus from the nervus facialis" [PMID:7839797] +def: "runs from the processus jugularis to the os stylohyoideum; innervated with the ramus jugulohyoideus from the nervus facialis." [PMID:7839797] comment: See also: stylohyoid muscle synonym: "jugulohyoid" RELATED [] synonym: "jugulohyoideus" RELATED [] @@ -143581,7 +143581,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "A zone of muscle in FMA" xsd:string {ex [Term] id: UBERON:0010947 name: occipitalis -def: "A belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle that is near the occipital bone" [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] +def: "A belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle that is near the occipital bone." [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] synonym: "occipital belly of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46758] synonym: "occipital part of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46758] synonym: "venter occipitalis (musculus occipitofrontalis)" EXACT [FMA:46758] @@ -143626,7 +143626,7 @@ intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0010950 name: styloauricular muscle -def: "An occasional small muscle extending from the root of the styloid process to the cartilage of the meatus of the ear" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?musculus+styloauricularis] +def: "An occasional small muscle extending from the root of the styloid process to the cartilage of the meatus of the ear." [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?musculus+styloauricularis] synonym: "mandibulo-auricularis" EXACT [] synonym: "mandibulo-auricularis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "stylo-auricularis" EXACT [] @@ -143637,7 +143637,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! cranial muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010951 name: interscutular muscle -def: "A muscle that attaches to the base of the ear and to the middle of the skull" [PMID:19209956] +def: "A muscle that attaches to the base of the ear and to the middle of the skull." [PMID:19209956] synonym: "interscutularis" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus interscutularis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! cranial muscle @@ -143645,7 +143645,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! cranial muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010952 name: frontalis muscle belly -def: "A belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle that is near the frontal bone" [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] +def: "A belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle that is near the frontal bone." [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "frontal belly of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46757] synonym: "frontal belly of occipitofrontalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle] @@ -143684,7 +143684,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/N [Term] id: UBERON:0010954 name: ceratohyoideus muscle -def: "The ceratohyoideus is a muscle of Pharyngeal Arch III that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n. , and attaches to the ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus and also to a non-ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" [http://www.feedexp.org] +def: "The ceratohyoideus is a muscle of Pharyngeal Arch III that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n. , and attaches to the ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus and also to a non-ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]." [http://www.feedexp.org] synonym: "ceratohyoideus" EXACT [FEED:FEED] xref: MFMO:0000006 is_a: UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle @@ -143870,7 +143870,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervica [Term] id: UBERON:0010990 name: transversospinales muscle -def: "The transversospinal muscles are a group of muscles of the human back. Their combined action is rotation and extension of the vertebral column. They include: semispinalis, spanning 4-6 vertebral segments semispinalis dorsi semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidus, spanning 2-4 vertebral segments rotatores, spanning 1-2 vertebral segments rotatores cervicis rotatores thoracis rotatores lumborum" [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] +def: "The transversospinal muscles are a group of muscles of the human back. Their combined action is rotation and extension of the vertebral column. They include: semispinalis, spanning 4-6 vertebral segments semispinalis dorsi semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidus, spanning 2-4 vertebral segments rotatores, spanning 1-2 vertebral segments rotatores cervicis rotatores thoracis rotatores lumborum." [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "deep dorsal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "musculi transversospinales" RELATED LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "transverospinalis" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002075] @@ -144174,7 +144174,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/M [Term] id: UBERON:0011043 name: obturator muscle -def: "One of: obturator externus or obturator internus" [Wikipedia:Obturator_muscles] +def: "One of: obturator externus or obturator internus." [Wikipedia:Obturator_muscles] synonym: "obturator" BROAD [] xref: EMAPA:36235 xref: FMA:19083 @@ -144527,7 +144527,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "we include location as part of the logical definiti [Term] id: UBERON:0011113 name: inferior tibiofibular joint -def: "The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. Below, to the extent of about 4 mm. these surfaces are smooth, and covered with cartilage, which is continuous with that of the ankle-joint. The ligaments are: Anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Inferior transverse ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis, Interosseous ligament" [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation] +def: "The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. Below, to the extent of about 4 mm. these surfaces are smooth, and covered with cartilage, which is continuous with that of the ankle-joint. The ligaments are: Anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Inferior transverse ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis, Interosseous ligament." [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation] synonym: "distal tibiofibular joint" EXACT [FMA:10465] synonym: "inferior tibiofibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation] synonym: "syndesmosis tibiofibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] @@ -144728,7 +144728,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/G [Term] id: UBERON:0011133 name: intermetatarsal joint -def: "A joint that connects two adjacent metatarsals" [Wikipedia:Intermetatarsal_articulations] +def: "A joint that connects two adjacent metatarsals." [Wikipedia:Intermetatarsal_articulations] xref: FMA:35219 xref: SCTID:361868009 xref: Wikipedia:Intermetatarsal_articulations @@ -145021,7 +145021,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the region betwee [Term] id: UBERON:0011155 name: Sylvian cistern -def: "The subarachnoid space associated with the lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure); contains the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and the origin of lenticulostriate arteries, and proximal parts of the middle cerebral artery" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?Sylvian+cistern] +def: "The subarachnoid space associated with the lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure); contains the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and the origin of lenticulostriate arteries, and proximal parts of the middle cerebral artery." [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?Sylvian+cistern] xref: NCIT:C33714 xref: UMLS:C1515104 {source="ncithesaurus:Sylvian_Cistern"} is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern @@ -145072,7 +145072,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "compare with AAO def, 'Independent cart [Term] id: UBERON:0011158 name: primary subdivision of skull -def: "The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: non_informative synonym: "skull subdivision" EXACT [FMA:54964] synonym: "subdivision of skull" EXACT [FMA:54964] @@ -145098,7 +145098,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011161 name: spheno-occipital synchondrosis -def: "The cartilaginous junction between the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones of the mammalian skull" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/spheno-occipital%20synchondrosis] +def: "The cartilaginous junction between the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones of the mammalian skull." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/spheno-occipital%20synchondrosis] xref: FMA:54818 xref: SCTID:140895003 intersection_of: UBERON:0001725 ! cranial synchondrosis @@ -145145,7 +145145,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011165 name: crico-esophageal tendon -def: "Longitudinal fibers of the esophagus that attaches to the posterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=90131] +def: "Longitudinal fibers of the esophagus that attaches to the posterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=90131] synonym: "crico-oesophageal tendon" EXACT [] synonym: "cricoesophageal tendon" EXACT [] synonym: "Gillette suspensory ligament" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/] @@ -145195,7 +145195,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006813 {source="AAO"} ! nasal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011168 name: postfrontal bone -def: "A bone behind and above the orbit of which it commonly forms part of the border that is present in many vertebrates and corresponds to the postorbital process of the frontal bone of various birds and mammals" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postfrontal] +def: "A bone behind and above the orbit of which it commonly forms part of the border that is present in many vertebrates and corresponds to the postorbital process of the frontal bone of various birds and mammals." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postfrontal] synonym: "postfrontal" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! dermal bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! orbit of skull @@ -145270,7 +145270,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007415 {source="Obol"} ! nucleus of midbrain retic [Term] id: UBERON:0011173 name: anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis -def: "One of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the posterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The anterior division includes the anterolateral area of stria terminalis, anteromedial area of stria terminalis, oval nucleus of stria terminalis, juxtacapsular nucleus of stria terminalis, rhomboid nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsomedial nucleus of stria terminalis, fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis, ventral nucleus of stria terminalis, and the magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2753] +def: "One of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the posterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The anterior division includes the anterolateral area of stria terminalis, anteromedial area of stria terminalis, oval nucleus of stria terminalis, juxtacapsular nucleus of stria terminalis, rhomboid nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsomedial nucleus of stria terminalis, fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis, ventral nucleus of stria terminalis, and the magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2753] synonym: "anterior division" BROAD [MA:0000926] synonym: "anterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu] synonym: "anterior part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis" RELATED [BAMS:BSTa] @@ -145412,7 +145412,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has classes for subdivisions of thi [Term] id: UBERON:0011185 name: gastrointestinal sphincter -def: "A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system" [OBOL:automatic] +def: "A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system." [OBOL:automatic] xref: NCIT:C32669 xref: UMLS:C1517464 {source="ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Sphincter"} intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle @@ -145421,7 +145421,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! alimentary part of gastrointestinal sy [Term] id: UBERON:0011186 name: Krause's gland -def: "small, mucous accessory lacrimal glands that are found underneath the eyelid where the upper and lower conjuctivae meet. Their ducts unite into a rather long sinus which open into the fornix conjunctiva. There are approximately forty Krause glands in the region of the upper eyelid, and around 6 to 8 in the region of the lower lid. The function of these glands are to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjuctiva" [Wikipedia:Krause's_glands] +def: "small, mucous accessory lacrimal glands that are found underneath the eyelid where the upper and lower conjuctivae meet. Their ducts unite into a rather long sinus which open into the fornix conjunctiva. There are approximately forty Krause glands in the region of the upper eyelid, and around 6 to 8 in the region of the lower lid. The function of these glands are to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjuctiva." [Wikipedia:Krause's_glands] synonym: "accessory lacrimal gland" BROAD [FMA:59056] synonym: "conjunctival gland" BROAD [FMA:59056] synonym: "Krause gland" EXACT [FMA:59056] @@ -145505,7 +145505,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0011191 name: ophthalmic vein -def: "Ophthalmic veins are veins which drain the eye. More specifically, they can refer to: Superior ophthalmic vein Inferior ophthalmic vein" [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins] +def: "Ophthalmic veins are veins which drain the eye. More specifically, they can refer to: Superior ophthalmic vein Inferior ophthalmic vein." [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins] synonym: "opthalmic vein" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004113] synonym: "vena ophthalmica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins] xref: EHDAA2:0004113 @@ -145959,7 +145959,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA considers parietal fascia a differe [Term] id: UBERON:0011238 name: mesethmoid bone -def: "An ossified mesethmoid element" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An ossified mesethmoid element." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "ethmoid" RELATED [TAO:0000323] xref: TAO:0000323 xref: ZFA:0000323 @@ -146100,7 +146100,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0011251 name: levator claviculae muscle -def: "A skeletal muscle in the posterior triangle of the neck. It originates on the transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae and is inserted in the lateral half of the clavicle" [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] +def: "A skeletal muscle in the posterior triangle of the neck. It originates on the transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae and is inserted in the lateral half of the clavicle." [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "cleidocervicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "cleidocervicalis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "levator claviculae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] @@ -146160,7 +146160,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "present in many moles, and are particularly common [Term] id: UBERON:0011256 name: rhinarium -def: "Moist, hairless, crenelated area around nostrils of some mammals" [http://anthro.palomar.edu/primate/glossary.htm, Wikipedia:Rhinarium] +def: "Moist, hairless, crenelated area around nostrils of some mammals." [http://anthro.palomar.edu/primate/glossary.htm, Wikipedia:Rhinarium] xref: Wikipedia:Rhinarium is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9475 ! Tarsiidae @@ -146174,7 +146174,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Absent in Tarsiers" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0011263 name: femoral gland -def: "A gland arranged along a row on the underside of the hindlimb in some lizards[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "A gland arranged along a row on the underside of the hindlimb in some lizards[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8509 ! Squamata relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! hindlimb stylopod @@ -146241,7 +146241,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Paired intramembranous bones that completes [Term] id: UBERON:0011268 name: sublingua -def: "A secondary tongue located below the primary tongue in prosimian primates and some primitive mammals. This structure does not have taste buds or salivary glands" [Wikipedia:Sublingua] +def: "A secondary tongue located below the primary tongue in prosimian primates and some primitive mammals. This structure does not have taste buds or salivary glands." [Wikipedia:Sublingua] synonym: "second tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sublingua] synonym: "under-tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sublingua] xref: Wikipedia:Sublingua @@ -146572,7 +146572,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011302 name: tunicate tunic -def: "Outer covering of an animal typically consisting primarily of cellulose (tunicin) in addition to varying amounts of water, protein and carbohydrates. The tunicate is a characteristic feature of Tunicata" [ISBN:0030229073, Wikipedia:Ascidiacea#Anatomy] +def: "Outer covering of an animal typically consisting primarily of cellulose (tunicin) in addition to varying amounts of water, protein and carbohydrates. The tunicate is a characteristic feature of Tunicata." [ISBN:0030229073, Wikipedia:Ascidiacea#Anatomy] xref: BSA:0000042 xref: Wikipedia:Ascidiacea#Anatomy is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure @@ -146595,7 +146595,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "attachment" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0011304 name: tunicate postabdomen -def: "Basalmost subdivision of a tunicate containing the heart and reproductive organs" [ISBN:0030229073] +def: "Basalmost subdivision of a tunicate containing the heart and reproductive organs." [ISBN:0030229073] is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7712 ! Tunicata property_value: taxon_notes "Most ascidians lack a postabdomen" xsd:string @@ -146603,7 +146603,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Most ascidians lack a postabdomen" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0011305 name: superficial part of temporalis -def: "The superficial temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that attaches to the temporalis fascia" [MFMO:0000087] +def: "The superficial temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that attaches to the temporalis fascia." [MFMO:0000087] synonym: "anterior temporal" EXACT [MFMO:0000087] synonym: "temporal muscle anterolateral part" EXACT [MFMO:0000087] synonym: "temporales" EXACT [MFMO:0000087] @@ -147025,7 +147025,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="BTO"} ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0011360 name: ampulla caudalis -def: "A ventricle-like space at the end of the central canal" [ISBN:0471888893] +def: "A ventricle-like space at the end of the central canal." [ISBN:0471888893] is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 {notes="in caudal end of"} ! central canal of spinal cord @@ -147174,7 +147174,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005298 ! skin of clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0011376 name: iliothoracic muscle -def: "The iliothoracic group is made up of the abdominal wall muscles: rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal obliquus, and the transversus abdominis" [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview] +def: "The iliothoracic group is made up of the abdominal wall muscles: rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal obliquus, and the transversus abdominis." [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview] synonym: "iliothoracic" EXACT [MA:0002322] xref: EMAPA:37605 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0002322 @@ -147186,7 +147186,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0011377 name: femorothoracic muscle -def: "The femorospinal group is made up of the psoas major and iliacus muscles" [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview] +def: "The femorospinal group is made up of the psoas major and iliacus muscles." [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview] synonym: "femorothoracic" EXACT [MA:0002322] is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back @@ -147401,7 +147401,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0006821 ! cutaneous muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011465 name: longissimus atlantis muscle -def: "A muscle that runs beneath the longissimus capitis and inserts on the wing of the atlas" [Wikipedia:Musculus_longissimus] +def: "A muscle that runs beneath the longissimus capitis and inserts on the wing of the atlas." [Wikipedia:Musculus_longissimus] synonym: "longissimus atlantis" EXACT [MA:0002335] xref: EMAPA:37649 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0002335 @@ -147959,7 +147959,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011599 name: lenticular process of incus bone -def: "The long ventral process of the incus bone which articulates with the stapes" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryJL.html] +def: "The long ventral process of the incus bone which articulates with the stapes." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryJL.html] synonym: "incus crus longum" EXACT [http://palaeos.com] synonym: "lenticular process" BROAD [] synonym: "lenticular process of incus" EXACT [FMA:52775] @@ -148239,7 +148239,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011618 ! basihyal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011621 name: thyrohyoid cartilage -def: "This small finger of cartilage completes the connection between the thyrohyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage (rostral cornu)" [MURDOCH:2033] +def: "This small finger of cartilage completes the connection between the thyrohyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage (rostral cornu)." [MURDOCH:2033] is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0011622 ! thyrohyoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0011623 ! horn of thyroid cartilage @@ -148292,7 +148292,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0011623 {source="FMA"} ! horn of thyroid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0011626 name: tympanohyoid cartilage -def: "The terminal segment in the chain of skeletal elements of the hyoid apparatus. One of a pair of rods of cartilage that connect the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the petrous part of the temporal bone" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tympanohyoid] +def: "The terminal segment in the chain of skeletal elements of the hyoid apparatus. One of a pair of rods of cartilage that connect the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the petrous part of the temporal bone." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tympanohyoid] xref: SCTID:370702008 is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone @@ -148348,7 +148348,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {notes="temporal series", source="ISBN:0073 [Term] id: UBERON:0011634 name: ectopterygoid bone -def: "A palatal bone which -- like many palatal bones -- may originally have developed as a dermal bone replacing part of the palatoquadrate, the primitive upper jaw. Like the palatine (also called dermopalatine), the ectopterygoid replaces the middle part of the autopalatine. It may be serially homologous with the palatine(s), but is somewhat specialized, being the last (most posterior in palatal view) of the series and bordering the fossa for the jaw muscles. In a typical tetrapod it abuts the palatine anteriorly, the maxilla laterally, the pterygoid or the fossa mandubuaris medially, and the fossa posteriorly" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html] +def: "A palatal bone which -- like many palatal bones -- may originally have developed as a dermal bone replacing part of the palatoquadrate, the primitive upper jaw. Like the palatine (also called dermopalatine), the ectopterygoid replaces the middle part of the autopalatine. It may be serially homologous with the palatine(s), but is somewhat specialized, being the last (most posterior in palatal view) of the series and bordering the fossa for the jaw muscles. In a typical tetrapod it abuts the palatine anteriorly, the maxilla laterally, the pterygoid or the fossa mandubuaris medially, and the fossa posteriorly." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html] subset: efo_slim synonym: "ectopterygoid" EXACT [TAO:0000656] synonym: "ectopterygoids" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0000656] @@ -148436,7 +148436,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {notes="orbital series", source="ISBN:00730 [Term] id: UBERON:0011640 name: palatoglossal arch -def: "A fold that lies between the mouth and pharynx and marks the posterior border of the mouth" [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] +def: "A fold that lies between the mouth and pharynx and marks the posterior border of the mouth." [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] synonym: "anterior pillar of fauces" EXACT [FMA:55024] synonym: "arcus glossopalatinus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] synonym: "arcus palatoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] @@ -148507,7 +148507,7 @@ intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0011646 name: patagialis muscle -def: "A muscle of the patagium that attaches to the clavicle and the metacarpal" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A muscle of the patagium that attaches to the clavicle and the metacarpal." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0008196 ! muscle of pectoral girdle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle bone @@ -148652,14 +148652,14 @@ relationship: intersects_midsagittal_plane_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011660 name: hypoplastron -def: "A paired plastron element that is in the posterior part of the plastron, anterior to the xiphiplastron and posterior to the hyoplastron" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A paired plastron element that is in the posterior part of the plastron, anterior to the xiphiplastron and posterior to the hyoplastron." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0011657 ! dermal element of plastron relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011661 name: xiphiplastron -def: "A paired plastron element that is in the posterior part of the plastron, posterior to the hypoplastron" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A paired plastron element that is in the posterior part of the plastron, posterior to the hypoplastron." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0011657 ! dermal element of plastron relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron @@ -148838,7 +148838,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In teleosts, the complex is composed of several der [Term] id: UBERON:0011684 name: levator palatoquadrati -def: "A muscle derivative of the mandibular levator that runs from the chondrocranium to the palatoquadrate cartilage. Found in sharks" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "A muscle derivative of the mandibular levator that runs from the chondrocranium to the palatoquadrate cartilage. Found in sharks." [ISBN:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011648 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! mandibular nerve @@ -148952,7 +148952,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007807 {source="EHDAA2"} ! connecting stalk vascul [Term] id: UBERON:0011698 name: midgut loop -def: "Portion of midgut after it bends around the superior mesenteric artery" [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] +def: "Portion of midgut after it bends around the superior mesenteric artery." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] xref: EMAPA:17036 xref: NCIT:C34211 xref: UMLS:C1513298 {source="ncithesaurus:Midgut_Loop"} @@ -149024,7 +149024,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental me [Term] id: UBERON:0011754 name: genital swelling -def: "Paired structures in the embryo that represent the final stage of development of the caudal end of the external genitals before sexual differentiation. In both males and females the two swellings merge: in the female, they become the posterior labial commissure; In the male, they become the scrotum" [Wikipedia:Labioscrotal_swelling] +def: "Paired structures in the embryo that represent the final stage of development of the caudal end of the external genitals before sexual differentiation. In both males and females the two swellings merge: in the female, they become the posterior labial commissure; In the male, they become the scrotum." [Wikipedia:Labioscrotal_swelling] synonym: "labioscrotal swelling" EXACT [] synonym: "tuberculum labioscrotale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Labioscrotal_swelling] xref: EMAPA:30074 @@ -149286,7 +149286,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The follicle consists of a series of tissue lay [Term] id: UBERON:0011783 name: feather follicle placode -def: "An epidermal thickening above a condensation of dermal cells that will give rise to a feather follicle" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] +def: "An epidermal thickening above a condensation of dermal cells that will give rise to a feather follicle." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "feather bud primordium" EXACT [PMID:16172986] synonym: "feather placode" EXACT [] synonym: "feather primordium" EXACT [] @@ -149342,7 +149342,7 @@ relationship: capable_of_part_of GO:0060361 ! flight [Term] id: UBERON:0011794 name: rectrix feather -def: "A flight feather that lies along a single horizontal row on the rear margin of the anatomical tail. Only the central pair are attached (via ligaments) to the tail bones; the remaining rectrices are embedded into the rectricial bulbs, complex structures of fat and muscle that surround those bones. Rectrices are always paired, with a vast majority of species having six pairs. They are absent in grebes and some ratites, and greatly reduced in size in penguins" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Rectrices] +def: "A flight feather that lies along a single horizontal row on the rear margin of the anatomical tail. Only the central pair are attached (via ligaments) to the tail bones; the remaining rectrices are embedded into the rectricial bulbs, complex structures of fat and muscle that surround those bones. Rectrices are always paired, with a vast majority of species having six pairs. They are absent in grebes and some ratites, and greatly reduced in size in penguins." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Rectrices] synonym: "rectrices" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "rectrix" EXACT [] synonym: "retrices" EXACT PLURAL [] @@ -149355,7 +149355,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail [Term] id: UBERON:0011795 name: remex feather -def: "A flight feather located on the posterior side of the wing" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Remiges] +def: "A flight feather located on the posterior side of the wing." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Remiges] synonym: "remex" BROAD [] synonym: "remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Remiges @@ -149365,7 +149365,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing [Term] id: UBERON:0011796 name: primary remex feather -def: "A remex feather that is connected to the manus" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Primaries] +def: "A remex feather that is connected to the manus." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Primaries] synonym: "primary flight feather" EXACT [] synonym: "primary remex" EXACT [] synonym: "primary remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] @@ -149440,7 +149440,7 @@ relationship: has_part UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component [Term] id: UBERON:0011803 name: feather bud, dermal component -def: "The part of the feather bud formed by a proliferation of dermal cells" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] +def: "The part of the feather bud formed by a proliferation of dermal cells." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "dermal core of feather papilla" EXACT [] synonym: "dermal papilla" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "dermal papilla of feather bud" EXACT [] @@ -149604,7 +149604,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Tissue characterized by a thick, random arr [Term] id: UBERON:0011823 name: dense connective tissue -def: "Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets" [Wikipedia:Dense_connective_tissue] +def: "Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets." [Wikipedia:Dense_connective_tissue] xref: AAO:0000121 xref: NCIT:C32450 xref: UMLS:C1511770 {source="ncithesaurus:Dense_Connective_Tissue"} @@ -149816,7 +149816,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the FMA class specifically refers to ur [Term] id: UBERON:0011861 name: aorta collagen fibril -def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011640] +def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity." [MP:0011640] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collection of collagen fibrils intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004664 ! aorta tunica adventitia @@ -149825,7 +149825,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0004664 ! aorta tunica adventi [Term] id: UBERON:0011862 name: pulmonary collagen fibril -def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011641] +def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity." [MP:0011641] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collection of collagen fibrils intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung @@ -149834,7 +149834,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0011863 name: bone collagen fibril -def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011642] +def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity." [MP:0011642] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collection of collagen fibrils intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element @@ -149842,7 +149842,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element [Term] id: UBERON:0011864 name: tendon collagen fibril -def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011643] +def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity." [MP:0011643] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collection of collagen fibrils intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon @@ -149851,7 +149851,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon [Term] id: UBERON:0011865 name: corneal stroma collagen fibril -def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011650] +def: "The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity." [MP:0011650] subset: pheno_slim intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collection of collagen fibrils intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea @@ -149886,7 +149886,7 @@ relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011868 name: midcarpal joint -def: "An intercarpal that connects a proximal and distal carpal bone" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint] +def: "An intercarpal that connects a proximal and distal carpal bone." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint] synonym: "articulatio mediocarpalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint] synonym: "transverse carpal joint" EXACT [FMA:35293] xref: FMA:35293 @@ -150042,7 +150042,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0011893 name: endoneurial fluid -def: "Fluid of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord" [MGI:llw2, MP:0003633] +def: "Fluid of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord." [MGI:llw2, MP:0003633] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37850 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0007794 {source="FMA"} ! secretion of serous gland @@ -150242,7 +150242,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011915 name: cerebellar glomerulus -def: "An intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004099] +def: "An intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004099] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellar glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: EMAPA:37812 {source="MA:th"} @@ -150279,7 +150279,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "A line in FMA, a structure in MP" xsd:s [Term] id: UBERON:0011919 name: yolk sac blood island -def: "masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac" [MP:0011204] +def: "masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac." [MP:0011204] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "visceral yolk sac blood island" EXACT [MP:0011204] synonym: "yolk sac blood islands" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000177] @@ -150303,7 +150303,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in EHDAA2 gives rise to connecting stal [Term] id: UBERON:0011922 name: cochlear basement membrane -def: "The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes" [MP:0004598] +def: "The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes." [MP:0004598] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "basement membrane of cochlear labyrinth" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlea basement membrane" EXACT [] @@ -150345,7 +150345,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034728 ! autonomic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011926 name: postganglionic sympathetic fiber -def: "A noradrenergic or adrenergic axonal fiber projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008312] +def: "A noradrenergic or adrenergic axonal fiber projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ." [MP:0008312] synonym: "postganglionic sympathetic fiber" RELATED [MESH:A08.663.542.075.800] synonym: "sympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008312] xref: MESH:A08.663.542.075.800 @@ -150362,7 +150362,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034729 ! sympathetic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011927 name: preganglionic sympathetic fiber -def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008310] +def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion." [MP:0008310] synonym: "sympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008310] xref: SCTID:323517007 is_a: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber @@ -150374,7 +150374,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034729 ! sympathetic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011929 name: postganglionic parasympathetic fiber -def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008313] +def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ." [MP:0008313] synonym: "parasympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008313] xref: MESH:A08.663.542.100.700 xref: NCIT:C12649 @@ -150389,7 +150389,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004293 ! parasympathetic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011930 name: preganglionic parasympathetic fiber -def: "A cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008311] +def: "A cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion." [MP:0008311] synonym: "parasympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008311] xref: Wikipedia:Preganglionic_fibers is_a: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber @@ -150401,7 +150401,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004293 ! parasympathetic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011931 name: nasal hair -def: "Hair in the nose" [Wikipedia:Nasal_hair] +def: "Hair in the nose." [Wikipedia:Nasal_hair] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hair of nose" EXACT [FMA:53670] synonym: "hair of vestibular part of nose" EXACT [FMA:53670] @@ -150415,7 +150415,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! nose [Term] id: UBERON:0011932 name: pilosebaceous unit -def: "An epidermal invagination that has as parts a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle" [ISBN:0123813611, PMCID:PMC3130146, Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit] +def: "An epidermal invagination that has as parts a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle." [ISBN:0123813611, PMCID:PMC3130146, Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fabrica pilosebacea" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit] synonym: "pilo-sebaceous apparatus" EXACT [FMA:70661] @@ -150800,7 +150800,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011967 name: costotransverse joint -def: "The facet of the tubercle of the rib forms an articulation with the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. This is a plane type synovial joint called the costotransverse joint. This articulation is present in all but the eleventh and twelfth ribs. Ribs 1 to 10 have two joints in close proximity posteriorly; the costovertebral joints and the costotranseverse joints. This arrangement restrains the motion of the ribs allowing them to work in a parallel fashion during breathing. If a typical rib had only one joint posteriorly the resultant swivel action would allow a rib to be non-parallel with respect to the neighboring ribs making for a very inefficient respiratory mechanism. The ventral rami innervate the costotransverse joints. Therefore, therapeutic medial branch blocks are ineffectual. The ligaments of the joint are: Articular capsule Posterior costotransverse Anterior costotransverse Ligament of the neck of the rib Ligament of the tubercle of the rib" [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint] +def: "The facet of the tubercle of the rib forms an articulation with the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. This is a plane type synovial joint called the costotransverse joint. This articulation is present in all but the eleventh and twelfth ribs. Ribs 1 to 10 have two joints in close proximity posteriorly; the costovertebral joints and the costotranseverse joints. This arrangement restrains the motion of the ribs allowing them to work in a parallel fashion during breathing. If a typical rib had only one joint posteriorly the resultant swivel action would allow a rib to be non-parallel with respect to the neighboring ribs making for a very inefficient respiratory mechanism. The ventral rami innervate the costotransverse joints. Therefore, therapeutic medial branch blocks are ineffectual. The ligaments of the joint are: Articular capsule Posterior costotransverse Anterior costotransverse Ligament of the neck of the rib Ligament of the tubercle of the rib." [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint] synonym: "costotransverse articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint] xref: FMA:7952 xref: SCTID:263328007 @@ -150839,7 +150839,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0011970 name: talofibular ligament -def: "A skeletal ligament that connects the fibula to the talus. Examples: anterior and posterior talofibular ligament" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A skeletal ligament that connects the fibula to the talus. Examples: anterior and posterior talofibular ligament." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "ligamentum talofibulare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Talofibular_ligament] synonym: "talo-fibular ligament" EXACT [] xref: FMA:44080 @@ -150855,7 +150855,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Ankle:en.svg xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0011971 name: calcaneofibular ligament -def: "A skeletal ligament that connects the fibula to the calcaneus" [Wikipedia:Calcaneofibular_ligament] +def: "A skeletal ligament that connects the fibula to the calcaneus." [Wikipedia:Calcaneofibular_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum calcaneofibulare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Calcaneofibular_ligament] xref: FMA:44089 xref: SCTID:244650001 @@ -150954,7 +150954,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011980 name: crurotarsal joint -def: "A joint that connects the bones of the crus to the proximal tarsal bones" [Wikipedia:Crurotarsal] +def: "A joint that connects the bones of the crus to the proximal tarsal bones." [Wikipedia:Crurotarsal] comment: line of flexion between calcaneus and astragalus synonym: "crurotarsal" RELATED [] xref: Wikipedia:Crurotarsal @@ -151023,7 +151023,7 @@ property_value: ray_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011985 name: infraorbital sinus -def: "An air-filled recess in the head of birds which lies lateral to the nasal cavity into which it opens" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infraorbital+sinus] +def: "An air-filled recess in the head of birds which lies lateral to the nasal cavity into which it opens." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infraorbital+sinus] synonym: "sinus infraorbitalis" EXACT LATIN [] is_a: UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 ! Aves @@ -151064,7 +151064,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "coelomic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0012054 name: myocoele -def: "The cavity within a myotome" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myocoele] +def: "The cavity within a myotome." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myocoele] xref: EMAPA:31134 xref: VHOG:0001283 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity @@ -151281,7 +151281,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0012079 name: metapterygial axis -def: "proximodistal trajectory through a metapterygium[Wagner]" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/128] +def: "proximodistal trajectory through a metapterygium[Wagner]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/128] comment: persisted in sacropterygians, precursor to limb axis is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 ! Vertebrata @@ -151367,7 +151367,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008961 ! parabronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0012087 name: air capillary of parabronchus -def: "An extension of the parabronchus, the walls of which are the site of gas exchange" [http://www.vetmed.vt.edu/education/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab26/Examples/exairves.htm, ISBN:0073040584] +def: "An extension of the parabronchus, the walls of which are the site of gas exchange." [http://www.vetmed.vt.edu/education/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab26/Examples/exairves.htm, ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "air capillary" EXACT [] synonym: "air vesicle" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0010000 ! multicellular anatomical structure @@ -151394,7 +151394,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 ! Aves [Term] id: UBERON:0012101 name: perinatal stage -def: "The period spanning the range immediately before and after birth" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The period spanning the range immediately before and after birth." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "paranatal stage" NARROW [] is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage @@ -151477,7 +151477,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0012109 name: zygomatic process of frontal bone -def: "The part of the zygomatic process consisting of the frontal bone[WP]" [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_frontal_bone] +def: "The part of the zygomatic process consisting of the frontal bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_frontal_bone] synonym: "frontal bone - zygomatic process" EXACT [] synonym: "processus zygomaticus (os frontale)" EXACT [FMA:54389] synonym: "processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_frontal_bone] @@ -151546,7 +151546,7 @@ relationship: located_in UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0012114 name: cud -def: "A bolus of semi-degraded food regurgitated from the reticulorumen of a ruminant, produced during the physical digestive process of rumination" [Wikipedia:Cud] +def: "A bolus of semi-degraded food regurgitated from the reticulorumen of a ruminant, produced during the physical digestive process of rumination." [Wikipedia:Cud] synonym: "bolus of cud" RELATED [] xref: SCTID:110606000 xref: Wikipedia:Cud @@ -151569,7 +151569,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The toothcomb occurs in lemuriform primates (which [Term] id: UBERON:0012116 name: nutrient foramen conduit -def: "Any of the passages admitting nutrient vessels to the medullary cavity of bone" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nutrient+foramen] +def: "Any of the passages admitting nutrient vessels to the medullary cavity of bone." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nutrient+foramen] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: conduit_for UBERON:0010175 ! nutrient foramen vein relationship: conduit_for UBERON:0010176 ! nutrient foramen artery @@ -151623,7 +151623,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "This is not classified as a tendon in F [Term] id: UBERON:0012121 name: respiratory velum -def: "A respiratory pump found in basal craniates" [Wikipedia:http\://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryUV.html] +def: "A respiratory pump found in basal craniates." [Wikipedia:http\://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryUV.html] synonym: "velum" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0000171 ! respiration organ disjoint_from: UBERON:0035960 ! velum feeding organ @@ -151670,7 +151670,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounde [Term] id: UBERON:0012127 name: feather barbicel -def: "A minute hook that projects off of a feather barbule, holding barbules together" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A minute hook that projects off of a feather barbule, holding barbules together." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "barbicel" BROAD SENSU [] synonym: "feather hooklet" EXACT [] synonym: "hooklet" BROAD SENSU [] @@ -151682,7 +151682,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0012128 name: nose tip -def: "Outermost point on an external nose or snout" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/109] +def: "Outermost point on an external nose or snout." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/109] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "apex nasi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "apex of nose" EXACT [FMA:59518] @@ -151700,7 +151700,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 {source="FMA"} ! external nose [Term] id: UBERON:0012129 name: radial head of humerus -def: "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb" [AAO:LAP, PHENOSCAPE:curators] +def: "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb." [AAO:LAP, PHENOSCAPE:curators] synonym: "capitellum" RELATED [] synonym: "capitellum of humerus" EXACT [] synonym: "eminentia capitata" RELATED [AAO:0000838] @@ -152024,7 +152024,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006232 {source="cjm"} ! facio-acoustic VII-V [Term] id: UBERON:0012176 name: comb -def: "A vascular, red cutaneous structure attached in a sagittal plane to the dorsum of the skull of domestic fowl. It consists of a base attached to the skull, a central mass called the body, a backward projecting blade and upward projecting points" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pea+comb] +def: "A vascular, red cutaneous structure attached in a sagittal plane to the dorsum of the skull of domestic fowl. It consists of a base attached to the skull, a central mass called the body, a backward projecting blade and upward projecting points." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pea+comb] xref: SCTID:3643003 is_a: UBERON:0000021 ! cutaneous appendage relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 ! Aves @@ -152230,7 +152230,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud [Term] id: UBERON:0012239 name: urinary bladder vasculature -def: "network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]" [MP:MP] +def: "network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]." [MP:MP] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bladder vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "blood vessel of bladder" RELATED [EMAPA:28679] @@ -152289,7 +152289,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The external urethral orifice is the extern [Term] id: UBERON:0012242 name: internal urethral orifice -def: "the usually crescent-shaped opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra, placed at the anteroinferior angle (apex) of the urinary bladder trigone" [MGI:anna, MP:0011782] +def: "the usually crescent-shaped opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra, placed at the anteroinferior angle (apex) of the urinary bladder trigone." [MGI:anna, MP:0011782] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "internal meatus of urethra" EXACT [FMA:85263] synonym: "internal urethral orifice of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:85263] @@ -152342,7 +152342,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6656 ! Arthropoda [Term] id: UBERON:0012246 name: thyroid follicular lumen -def: "A follicular lumen is the closed cavity within a follicle of the thyroid gland. It is surrounded by follicular cells and filled with colloid, a concentrated solution of thyroglobulin" [Wikipedia:Follicular_lumen] +def: "A follicular lumen is the closed cavity within a follicle of the thyroid gland. It is surrounded by follicular cells and filled with colloid, a concentrated solution of thyroglobulin." [Wikipedia:Follicular_lumen] synonym: "follicular lumen" BROAD [Wikipedia:Follicular_lumen] synonym: "lumen of thyroid follicle" EXACT [FMA:68829] synonym: "thyroid follicle lumen" EXACT [FMA:68829] @@ -152357,7 +152357,7 @@ relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0012363 ! thyroid follicle epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0012247 name: cervical gland -def: "mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+glands] +def: "mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+glands] synonym: "glandulae cervicales" EXACT [FMA:TA] xref: NCIT:C32296 xref: SCTID:280836000 @@ -152437,7 +152437,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000458 ! endocervix [Term] id: UBERON:0012253 name: cervical squamo-columnar junction -def: "Region of cervical epithelium where columnar epithelium of endocervic and the stratified non-keratinising squamous epithelium of the ectocervic meet" [http://www.asccp.org/practicemanagement/cervix/histologyofthenormalcervix/tabid/5842/default.aspx] +def: "Region of cervical epithelium where columnar epithelium of endocervic and the stratified non-keratinising squamous epithelium of the ectocervic meet." [http://www.asccp.org/practicemanagement/cervix/histologyofthenormalcervix/tabid/5842/default.aspx] comment: Site of 90% of lower genital tract neoplasia. This junction is presumed, but not proven, to be the embryologic junction of the Müllerian and urogenital sinus epithelia. synonym: "squamo-columnar junction of uterine cervix" EXACT [] synonym: "squamocolumnar junction" BROAD [] @@ -152452,7 +152452,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix [Term] id: UBERON:0012254 name: abdominal aorta artery -def: "An artery that originates from the abdominal aorta" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Abdominal_aorta#Branches] +def: "An artery that originates from the abdominal aorta." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Abdominal_aorta#Branches] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "abdominal artery" EXACT [] synonym: "artery of abdomen" EXACT [] @@ -152557,7 +152557,7 @@ replaced_by: UBERON:0003652 [Term] id: UBERON:0012267 name: equine splint bone -def: "The splint bones sit either side of the equine cannon bone. Homologous to metapodium bones 2 or 4" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The splint bones sit either side of the equine cannon bone. Homologous to metapodium bones 2 or 4." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "metapodial bone 2 or 4" BROAD [] synonym: "splint bone" EXACT [NCBITaxon:9788] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone @@ -152568,7 +152568,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "in future this class may be replaced by a more taxo [Term] id: UBERON:0012268 name: equine forelimb splint bone -def: "A splint bone in the metacarpal region" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A splint bone in the metacarpal region." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "forelimb splint bone" EXACT [NCBITaxon:9788] synonym: "metacarpal bone 2 or 4" BROAD [] intersection_of: UBERON:0012267 ! equine splint bone @@ -152579,7 +152579,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "in future this class may be replaced by a more taxo [Term] id: UBERON:0012269 name: equine hindlimb splint bone -def: "A splint bone in the metatarsal region" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A splint bone in the metatarsal region." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "hindlimb splint bone" EXACT [NCBITaxon:9788] synonym: "metatarsal bone 2 or 4" BROAD [] intersection_of: UBERON:0012267 ! equine splint bone @@ -152590,7 +152590,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "in future this class may be replaced by a more taxo [Term] id: UBERON:0012270 name: forestomach-glandular stomach junction -def: "the distinct low fold of tissue that separates the non-glandular area of the stomach (forestomach) from the glandular stomach; the limiting ridge extends circumferentially from the large curvature of the stomach to the small curvature, just below the esophagus; at the esophagus, the course of the limiting ridge bends into a U-shape and almost surrounds the esophageal opening" [MGI:anna] +def: "the distinct low fold of tissue that separates the non-glandular area of the stomach (forestomach) from the glandular stomach; the limiting ridge extends circumferentially from the large curvature of the stomach to the small curvature, just below the esophagus; at the esophagus, the course of the limiting ridge bends into a U-shape and almost surrounds the esophageal opening." [MGI:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "forestomach - glandular stomach squamocolumnar junction" RELATED [] synonym: "limiting ridge of stomach" RELATED [MA:0003014] @@ -152643,7 +152643,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0012274 name: columnar epithelium -def: "An epithelium that consists of columnar epithelial cells. Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and the rarer stratified (or multi-layered).[WP, modified]" [Wikipedia:Columnar_epithelium] +def: "An epithelium that consists of columnar epithelial cells. Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and the rarer stratified (or multi-layered).[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Columnar_epithelium] xref: Wikipedia:Columnar_epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: has_part CL:0000075 ! columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell @@ -152728,7 +152728,7 @@ relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 ! Homo sapiens [Term] id: UBERON:0012282 name: mammary fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland" [MGI:csmith] +def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland." [MGI:csmith] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37901 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad @@ -152737,7 +152737,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0012283 name: femoral fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur" [MP:0008905] +def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur." [MP:0008905] synonym: "femoral fat depot" EXACT [MP:0008905] intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod @@ -152770,7 +152770,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The vegetal pole contains large yolky cells tha [Term] id: UBERON:0012286 name: hemisphere of embryo -def: "One of two hemispheres of the embryo at the zygote or blastula stage[WP,modified]" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/153, Wikipedia:Polarity_in_embryogenesis] +def: "One of two hemispheres of the embryo at the zygote or blastula stage[WP,modified]." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/153, Wikipedia:Polarity_in_embryogenesis] subset: early_development synonym: "pole of embryo" RELATED [] xref: FMA:293351 @@ -152848,7 +152848,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In bovids, the distal end of the fibula is present [Term] id: UBERON:0012292 name: embryonic cloacal fold -def: "One of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly" [MP:0011836, MP:anna] +def: "One of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly." [MP:0011836, MP:anna] comment: We presume this is distinct from AAO:0001003, an external integumentary structure - check with amphibian anatomy ontology developers. AO notes: the text def states mesenchymal swelling, EHDAA2 splits into mesenchymal and epithelial parts synonym: "cloacal fold" BROAD [EHDAA2:0004009] xref: EHDAA2:0004009 @@ -152889,7 +152889,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001337 ! spongiose part of urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0012295 name: Guérin's valve -def: "An inconstant fold or valve of mucous membrane sometimes found in the root or upper wall of the navicular fossa of the urethra" [http://www.drugs.com/dict/valve-of-navicular-fossa.html, MP:0011839, MP:anna] +def: "An inconstant fold or valve of mucous membrane sometimes found in the root or upper wall of the navicular fossa of the urethra." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/valve-of-navicular-fossa.html, MP:0011839, MP:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Guerin's valve" EXACT [] synonym: "Guérin's fold" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/valve-of-navicular-fossa.html] @@ -152907,7 +152907,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0012299 ! mucosa of urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0012296 name: urethral crest -def: "A longitudinal mucosal fold in the dorsal wall of the urethra[MP]" [MP:0011840, MP:anna, Wikipedia:Urethral_crest] +def: "A longitudinal mucosal fold in the dorsal wall of the urethra[MP]." [MP:0011840, MP:anna, Wikipedia:Urethral_crest] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "crista urethralis" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna] @@ -152923,7 +152923,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in the FMA this is part of the prostati [Term] id: UBERON:0012297 name: male urethral crest -def: "narrow longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the male urethra, extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; when distended, it may serve to prevent the passage of the semen backward into the bladder; on either side of the male urethral crest is a slightly depressed fossa, the prostatic sinus, the floor of which is perforated by the orifices of the prostatic ducts from the lateral lobes of the prostate; the ducts of the middle lobe open behind the crest; at the forepart of the crest, below its summit, is a median elevation, the colliculus seminalis, upon or within the margins of which are the orifices of the prostatic utricle and the slit-like openings of the ejaculatory ducts[MP]" [MP:0011841, MP:anna] +def: "narrow longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the male urethra, extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; when distended, it may serve to prevent the passage of the semen backward into the bladder; on either side of the male urethral crest is a slightly depressed fossa, the prostatic sinus, the floor of which is perforated by the orifices of the prostatic ducts from the lateral lobes of the prostate; the ducts of the middle lobe open behind the crest; at the forepart of the crest, below its summit, is a median elevation, the colliculus seminalis, upon or within the margins of which are the orifices of the prostatic utricle and the slit-like openings of the ejaculatory ducts[MP]." [MP:0011841, MP:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista phallica" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna] synonym: "crista urethralis masculinae" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna] @@ -152940,7 +152940,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005015 {source="cjm"} ! mucosa of prostatic urethr [Term] id: UBERON:0012298 name: female urethral crest -def: "The conspicuous longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the female urethra[MP]" [MP:0011842, MP:anna] +def: "The conspicuous longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the female urethra[MP]." [MP:0011842, MP:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista urethralis femininae" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna] synonym: "urethral crest (female)" EXACT [FMA:85271] @@ -152968,7 +152968,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0012300 name: limb paddle -def: "A transient developing limb structure that develops from the limb bud; it is a dorsoventral flattening of the limb bud structure and develops into the foot plate" [MP:0011685] +def: "A transient developing limb structure that develops from the limb bud; it is a dorsoventral flattening of the limb bud structure and develops into the foot plate." [MP:0011685] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud @@ -152985,7 +152985,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0012302 name: male membranous urethra -def: "the shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the male urethral canal located in the deep perineal pouch and lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium; it extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm below and behind the pubic symphysis; the membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands" [MGI:anna, MP:0011778] +def: "the shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the male urethral canal located in the deep perineal pouch and lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium; it extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm below and behind the pubic symphysis; the membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands." [MGI:anna, MP:0011778] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "intermediate part of male urethra" RELATED [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra] synonym: "membranous urethra" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:19674] @@ -153005,7 +153005,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/G [Term] id: UBERON:0012303 name: ureteral orifice -def: "The slit-like opening of either ureter into the bladder; normally, the two ureteral orifices are placed at the posterolateral angles of the urinary bladder trigone while the internal urethral orifice is placed at its anteroinferior angle (apex); wide gaping usually indicates vesicoureteral reflux" [MP:0011783, Wikipedia:Orifice_of_ureter] +def: "The slit-like opening of either ureter into the bladder; normally, the two ureteral orifices are placed at the posterolateral angles of the urinary bladder trigone while the internal urethral orifice is placed at its anteroinferior angle (apex); wide gaping usually indicates vesicoureteral reflux." [MP:0011783, Wikipedia:Orifice_of_ureter] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Mercier's bar" EXACT [FMA:77047] synonym: "orifice of ureter" EXACT [FMA:77047] @@ -153133,7 +153133,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007238 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch maxillary comp [Term] id: UBERON:0012314 name: embryonic facial prominence -def: "One of five swellings formed during the development of the face" [http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html] +def: "One of five swellings formed during the development of the face." [http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html] synonym: "embryonic facial process" RELATED [] synonym: "facial primordium" RELATED [] synonym: "primordium of face" RELATED [] @@ -153184,7 +153184,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Early tetrapod possessed a primary palate that i [Term] id: UBERON:0012317 name: vagina orifice -def: "The median slit located inferior and posterior to the external urethral orifice in the female; the exit for menstrual flow and birth and the entrance for the penis during sexual intercourse; the size and appearance of the vaginal orifice varies inversely with that of the hymen (G. membrane), a thin fold of mucous membrane that surrounds the vaginal orifice" [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0001142] +def: "The median slit located inferior and posterior to the external urethral orifice in the female; the exit for menstrual flow and birth and the entrance for the penis during sexual intercourse; the size and appearance of the vaginal orifice varies inversely with that of the hymen (G. membrane), a thin fold of mucous membrane that surrounds the vaginal orifice." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0001142] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "introitus" BROAD [FMA:19984] synonym: "introitus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:19984] @@ -153205,7 +153205,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0012318 name: anterior ethmoidal artery -def: "The anterior ethmoidal artery, also anterior ethmoid artery is an artery of the head. Once branching from the ophthalmic artery, it accompanies the nasociliary nerve through the anterior ethmoidal canal to supply the anterior and middle ethmoidal cells, frontal sinus, and anterosuperior aspect of the lateral nasal wall[WP]" [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] +def: "The anterior ethmoidal artery, also anterior ethmoid artery is an artery of the head. Once branching from the ophthalmic artery, it accompanies the nasociliary nerve through the anterior ethmoidal canal to supply the anterior and middle ethmoidal cells, frontal sinus, and anterosuperior aspect of the lateral nasal wall[WP]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "a. ethmoidalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "anterior ethmoid artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "anterior meningeal arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] @@ -153232,7 +153232,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0005193 ! ethmoidal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0012320 name: cervical artery -def: "An artery of the neck" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An artery of the neck." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: EMAPA:37075 {source="MA:th"} xref: NCIT:C52850 xref: UMLS:C1707349 {source="ncithesaurus:Cervical_Artery"} @@ -153383,7 +153383,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0012333 name: ovarian bursa -def: "A pouch formed by the mesosalpinx and the mesovarium that encloses the infundibulum of the uterine tube and the ovary" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ovarian] +def: "A pouch formed by the mesosalpinx and the mesovarium that encloses the infundibulum of the uterine tube and the ovary." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ovarian] comment: Ovaries of some animals are surrounded by a thin membranous sac, the bursa, and are isolated from the peritoneal cavity. The bursa is continuous with the orifice of the oviduct. The bursa is not continuous in other mammals (eg., farm animals and human beings); ovaries of these species can be exposed within the abdomen, and thus ectopic pregnancy is possible[http://www.uwyo.edu/wjm/repro/femanat.htm] subset: pheno_slim xref: MA:0003036 @@ -153394,7 +153394,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0012334 name: navicular bursa -def: "A fluid-filled sac that lies between the navicular bone and the deep digital flexor muscle" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/navicular+bursa] +def: "A fluid-filled sac that lies between the navicular bone and the deep digital flexor muscle." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/navicular+bursa] synonym: "bursa podotrochlearis" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:370660009 is_a: UBERON:0003668 ! synovial bursa @@ -153503,7 +153503,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus [Term] id: UBERON:0012352 name: mesangial matrix -def: "Extracellular matrix secreted by intraglomerular mesangial cells" [MP:0011338] +def: "Extracellular matrix secreted by intraglomerular mesangial cells." [MP:0011338] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "extracellular mesangial matrix" EXACT [MP:0011338] xref: EMAPA:37907 {source="MA:th"} @@ -153715,7 +153715,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0012374 name: subserosal plexus -def: "The subserous part of the enteric plexus of autonomic nerves" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/subserous+plexus] +def: "The subserous part of the enteric plexus of autonomic nerves." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/subserous+plexus] synonym: "subserous nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77598] synonym: "subserous plexus" EXACT [FMA:77598] synonym: "tela subserosa" EXACT [] @@ -153743,7 +153743,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 ! Vertebrata [Term] id: UBERON:0012376 name: retromolar triangle -def: "The small area behind the wisdom teeth" [ncithesaurus:Retromolar_Trigone, Wikipedia:Retromolar_space] +def: "The small area behind the wisdom teeth." [ncithesaurus:Retromolar_Trigone, Wikipedia:Retromolar_space] synonym: "retromolar pad" RELATED [] synonym: "retromolar trigone" RELATED [] xref: CALOHA:TS-2353 @@ -153887,7 +153887,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011198 {source="FMA"} ! muscle layer of large inte [Term] id: UBERON:0012420 name: coprodeum -def: "Most proximal cloacal compartment, into which the large intestine empties[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Most proximal cloacal compartment, into which the large intestine empties[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "cloacal coprodeum" EXACT [] synonym: "coprodaeum" EXACT [] synonym: "coprodeal portion of cloaca" EXACT [] @@ -153899,7 +153899,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "coprodeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0012421 name: urodeum -def: "Cloacal compartment into which the urogenital system empties[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Cloacal compartment into which the urogenital system empties[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "cloacal urodeum" EXACT [] synonym: "urodaeum" EXACT [] synonym: "urodeal portion of cloaca" EXACT [] @@ -153913,7 +153913,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "This is where the urates collect. In the hen the ov [Term] id: UBERON:0012422 name: secretion of crop -def: "Nutritional fluid secreted by the crop in some species[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Nutritional fluid secreted by the crop in some species[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "crop milk" RELATED [ISBN:0073040584] intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! organism substance intersection_of: produced_by UBERON:0007356 ! crop @@ -153921,7 +153921,7 @@ intersection_of: produced_by UBERON:0007356 ! crop [Term] id: UBERON:0012423 name: layer of microvilli -def: "A layer of microvilli, Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments[GO,modified]" [GO:0005902, Wikipedia:Microvillus] +def: "A layer of microvilli, Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments[GO,modified]." [GO:0005902, Wikipedia:Microvillus] synonym: "microvilli" RELATED [MESH:A11.284.180.565] synonym: "microvillus" RELATED [FMA:67296] xref: FMA:67296 @@ -154185,7 +154185,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class and subclasses may be ceded to GO" xsd [Term] id: UBERON:0012456 name: Merkel nerve ending -def: "mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal" [Wikipedia:Merkel_nerve_ending] +def: "mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal." [Wikipedia:Merkel_nerve_ending] synonym: "Merkel's disc" EXACT [FMA:83606] synonym: "Merkel's disk" EXACT [] synonym: "Merkel's receptor" EXACT [] @@ -154239,7 +154239,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006971 ! antler [Term] id: UBERON:0012459 name: antler pedicle -def: "Attachment point for antler on skull" [Wikipedia:Antler#Occurrence_and_function, Wikipedia:Pedicle_(cervidae)] +def: "Attachment point for antler on skull." [Wikipedia:Antler#Occurrence_and_function, Wikipedia:Pedicle_(cervidae)] xref: Wikipedia:Pedicle_(cervidae) is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006971 ! antler @@ -154247,7 +154247,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006971 ! antler [Term] id: UBERON:0012462 name: proctodeum portion of cloaca -def: "Most distal cloacal compartment; function is copulation and in some species develops a penis[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Most distal cloacal compartment; function is copulation and in some species develops a penis[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "proctodeal wall of cloaca" RELATED [] synonym: "proctodeum" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] xref: SCTID:298233001 @@ -154312,7 +154312,7 @@ intersection_of: has_quality PATO:0000608 ! closed [Term] id: UBERON:0012468 name: anal tooth -def: "Triangular calcified papillae (often five) placed radially around the anus of some Holothuriidae" [http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=nasc&selected=definitie&menuentry=woordenlijst&record=Anal%20teeth, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/142845] +def: "Triangular calcified papillae (often five) placed radially around the anus of some Holothuriidae." [http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=nasc&selected=definitie&menuentry=woordenlijst&record=Anal%20teeth, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/142845] synonym: "anal teeth" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "calcified anal papilla" RELATED [] synonym: "cloacal tooth" RELATED [] @@ -154338,7 +154338,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7586 ! Echinodermata [Term] id: UBERON:0012471 name: hepatogastric ligament -def: "Ligament extending between the liver and stomach" [Wikipedia:Hepatogastric_ligament] +def: "Ligament extending between the liver and stomach." [Wikipedia:Hepatogastric_ligament] synonym: "gastro-hepatic ligament" EXACT [] synonym: "gastrohepatic ligament" EXACT [FMA:16520] synonym: "hepato-gastric ligament" EXACT [] @@ -154370,7 +154370,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002399 {source="FMA"} ! lesser omentum [Term] id: UBERON:0012473 name: oral cirrus -def: "Small tentacle-like structure surrounding the mouth; they act as sensory devices and as a filter for the water passing into the body" [Wikipedia:Lancelet#Physical_features] +def: "Small tentacle-like structure surrounding the mouth; they act as sensory devices and as a filter for the water passing into the body." [Wikipedia:Lancelet#Physical_features] synonym: "buccal cilia" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "buccal cillium" RELATED [] synonym: "buccal cirri" EXACT PLURAL [] @@ -154743,7 +154743,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0012641 ! body of tubeworm [Term] id: UBERON:0012644 name: trophosome -def: "An organ of dark green-brown spongy tissue in a tubeworm which is a host to symbiotic microbes" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An organ of dark green-brown spongy tissue in a tubeworm which is a host to symbiotic microbes." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0012641 ! body of tubeworm property_value: external_definition "A specialised organ found in deep-sea tube worms populating hydrothermal vent environments that is colonised by chemosynthetic bacteria which supply the host worm with organic compounds. The term may be applied to similar organs in other worms[ENVO:01000165]." xsd:string {source="ENVO:01000165"} @@ -154751,7 +154751,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A specialised organ found in deep-sea tube [Term] id: UBERON:0012645 name: opisthosome -def: "Organ at the distal end of a tubeworm. Helps anchor the tubeworm" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Organ at the distal end of a tubeworm. Helps anchor the tubeworm." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0012641 ! body of tubeworm @@ -154893,7 +154893,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0013074 name: cornual diverticulum -def: "An extension of the frontal sinus into the horn" [http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/grossanat/largemenu/rheadsinlr.htm] +def: "An extension of the frontal sinus into the horn." [http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/grossanat/largemenu/rheadsinlr.htm] synonym: "cornual sinus" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:53994006 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity @@ -154926,7 +154926,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570 ! Serpentes [Term] id: UBERON:0013078 name: venom-injecting tooth -def: "A fang that is used to inject venom into prey, through either a tube or a groove" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A fang that is used to inject venom into prey, through either a tube or a groove." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "fang" RELATED [] synonym: "grooved fang" RELATED [] synonym: "tubular fang" RELATED [] @@ -154964,7 +154964,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0013076 {source="MESH"} ! snake venom [Term] id: UBERON:0013113 name: angular/surangular bone -def: "Bone formed from the fusion of angular and surangular bones. Found in snakes" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Bone formed from the fusion of angular and surangular bones. Found in snakes." [ISBN:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0011079 ! angular bone relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0011636 ! surangular bone @@ -155101,7 +155101,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO mirror representation of abdominal aorta" xsd: [Term] id: UBERON:0013127 name: pulmonary venous system -def: "The part of the venous system that drains the lungs[Kardong]" [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_venous_system] +def: "The part of the venous system that drains the lungs[Kardong]." [ISBN:0073040584, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_venous_system] synonym: "pulmonary venous circulatory system" EXACT [] xref: Wikipedia:Pulmonary_venous_system is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature @@ -155156,7 +155156,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0013132 name: penicillar arteriole -def: "One of the small straight arteries of the red pulp of the spleen; a branch of the spleen central artery that supplies the red pulp[WP,modified]" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/penicillus, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "One of the small straight arteries of the red pulp of the spleen; a branch of the spleen central artery that supplies the red pulp[WP,modified]." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/penicillus, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "penicillar artery" RELATED [] synonym: "penicilli" EXACT PLURAL [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/penicilli] synonym: "penicillus" EXACT [FMA:16038] @@ -155182,7 +155182,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0001515 {source="Wikipedia"} ! thoracic a [Term] id: UBERON:0013135 name: interdental plate -def: "The interdental plate refers to the bone-filled mesial-distal region between the teeth" [Wikipedia:Interdental_plate] +def: "The interdental plate refers to the bone-filled mesial-distal region between the teeth." [Wikipedia:Interdental_plate] xref: Wikipedia:Interdental_plate intersection_of: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0012111 ! diastema @@ -155205,7 +155205,7 @@ relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 {source="FMA"} ! facial vein [Term] id: UBERON:0013137 name: external pudendal artery -def: "Either the superficial or deep external pudendal arteries" [Wikipedia:External_pudendal_artery] +def: "Either the superficial or deep external pudendal arteries." [Wikipedia:External_pudendal_artery] xref: SCTID:244308005 xref: Wikipedia:External_pudendal_artery is_a: UBERON:0007312 ! pudendal artery @@ -155270,7 +155270,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002049 {source="FMA"} ! vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0013142 name: soleal vein -def: "A vein that drains the soleus" [OBOL:automatic] +def: "A vein that drains the soleus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soleus vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vein of soleus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "vena solealis" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -155283,7 +155283,7 @@ relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="cjm"} ! popliteal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0013143 name: gastrocnemius vein -def: "A vein that drains the gastrocnemius" [OBOL:automatic] +def: "A vein that drains the gastrocnemius." [OBOL:automatic] comment: divided in medial gastrocnemius vein (vena medialis gastrocnemii), lateral gastrocnemius vein (vena lateralis gastrocnemii), and intergemellar vein (Vena intergemellaris), the vein ascending between the two heads of the gastrocnemius[http://www.veinsurg.com/fr/biblio/echodoppler/echodoppler_11.php] synonym: "vein of gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "vena gastrocnemii" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -155532,7 +155532,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0013164 name: molariform tooth -def: "A molar or premolar" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "A molar or premolar." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "cheek tooth" RELATED [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "molariform" RELATED [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "postcanine tooth" EXACT [http://www.termwiki.com/EN\:postcanine_teeth] @@ -155570,7 +155570,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0013167 name: cricopharyngeal ligament -def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the pharynx[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Cricopharyngeal_ligament] +def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the pharynx[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Cricopharyngeal_ligament] synonym: "crico-pharyngeal ligament" EXACT [] synonym: "ligamentum cricopharyngeum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricopharyngeal_ligament] xref: FMA:55260 @@ -155584,7 +155584,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0013168 name: thyroepiglottic ligament -def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_ligament] +def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum thyroepiglotticum" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "thyroepiglottic ligament" EXACT [FMA:55230] xref: FMA:55230 @@ -155615,7 +155615,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0011157 ! cuneiform cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0013170 name: cricoarytenoid ligament -def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_ligament] +def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_ligament] synonym: "crico-arytenoid ligament" EXACT [FMA:55261] synonym: "ligamentum cricoaryteneoideum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_ligament] xref: FMA:55261 @@ -155682,7 +155682,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008959 ! auditory bulla [Term] id: UBERON:0013175 name: nasal air sac -def: "An air sac opening into the passage of the blowhole that is hypothesized to be involved in echolocation" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/cetartiodactyla/cetacea.html] +def: "An air sac opening into the passage of the blowhole that is hypothesized to be involved in echolocation." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/cetartiodactyla/cetacea.html] synonym: "blowhole air sac" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: capable_of_part_of GO:0050959 ! echolocation @@ -155757,7 +155757,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008960 ! melon organ [Term] id: UBERON:0013188 name: monkey lips dorsal bursa complex -def: "A structure consisting of a pair of anterior and posterior dorsal bursae in which a pair of phonic lips are embedded, along with the bursal cartilage and a blowhole ligament" [ISBM10:0120885522] +def: "A structure consisting of a pair of anterior and posterior dorsal bursae in which a pair of phonic lips are embedded, along with the bursal cartilage and a blowhole ligament." [ISBM10:0120885522] synonym: "MLDB complex" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: capable_of_part_of GO:0050959 {source="ISBM10:0120885522"} ! echolocation @@ -155782,7 +155782,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "May be homologous to melon organ" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0013190 name: entotympanic bone -def: "Entotympanics are independent elements present in the auditory bullae of various eutherians" [DOI:10.1023/A\:1020538313412] +def: "Entotympanics are independent elements present in the auditory bullae of various eutherians." [DOI:10.1023/A\:1020538313412] synonym: "entotyympanic" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="DOI:10.1023/A:1020538313412"} ! endochondral bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear @@ -155822,14 +155822,14 @@ property_value: structure_notes "composed of loose connective tissue that contai [Term] id: UBERON:0013193 name: parakeratinized epithelium -def: "An epithelium that is characterized by incomplete keratinization of the cells in the stratum corneum. The cells are flattened and composed primarily of packed tonofilaments. However, the cells may retain remnants of nuclei and other organelles" [http://www.dental.pitt.edu/informatics/periohistology/en/glossary.html] +def: "An epithelium that is characterized by incomplete keratinization of the cells in the stratum corneum. The cells are flattened and composed primarily of packed tonofilaments. However, the cells may retain remnants of nuclei and other organelles." [http://www.dental.pitt.edu/informatics/periohistology/en/glossary.html] comment: Example: parts of oral epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000488 ! atypical epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0013194 name: orthokeratinized epithelium -def: "A keratinized epithelium in which the cells of the stratum corneum become very flat, loose their nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles and are now composed of densely packed tonofilaments cemented by filaggrin" [http://www.dental.pitt.edu/informatics/periohistology/en/glossary.html] +def: "A keratinized epithelium in which the cells of the stratum corneum become very flat, loose their nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles and are now composed of densely packed tonofilaments cemented by filaggrin." [http://www.dental.pitt.edu/informatics/periohistology/en/glossary.html] is_a: UBERON:0000488 ! atypical epithelium [Term] @@ -155843,7 +155843,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva [Term] id: UBERON:0013196 name: strand of wool -def: "A strand of pelage hair that is crimped and grows in clusters" [Wikipedia:Wool] +def: "A strand of pelage hair that is crimped and grows in clusters." [Wikipedia:Wool] synonym: "animal wool" RELATED [] synonym: "strand of wool hair" RELATED [] synonym: "wool" RELATED [MESH:A13.970] @@ -155920,7 +155920,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypogastric" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0013204 name: epipubic bone -def: "One of a pair of bones running antero-laterally from the centre of the pubis in marsupials and some other mammals" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "One of a pair of bones running antero-laterally from the centre of the pubis in marsupials and some other mammals." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "marsupial bone" NARROW [] xref: Wikipedia:Epipubic_bone is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="cjm"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone @@ -156155,7 +156155,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0013226 name: accessory lacrimal gland -def: "Serous gland with distended lumen. It includes the gland of Krause in the lacrimal sac and the gland of Wolfring on the inner surface of the upper eyelid. (NCI)" [ncithesaurus:Accessory_Lacrimal_Gland] +def: "Serous gland with distended lumen. It includes the gland of Krause in the lacrimal sac and the gland of Wolfring on the inner surface of the upper eyelid. (NCI)." [ncithesaurus:Accessory_Lacrimal_Gland] synonym: "glandulae lacrimales accessoriae" EXACT LATIN [] xref: FMA:320425 xref: NCIT:C74586 @@ -156324,7 +156324,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006233 {source="EMAPA"} ! female genital tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0013241 name: embryonic urethral groove -def: "The precursor of the urethra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The precursor of the urethra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "sulcus urethralis primarius" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Urethral_groove] synonym: "urethral groove" EXACT [] synonym: "urethral sulcus" EXACT [] @@ -156818,7 +156818,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 ! zygomatic arch [Term] id: UBERON:0013469 name: external occipital protuberance -def: "Near the middle of the occipital squama is the external occipital protuberance, and extending lateralward from it on either side is the superior nuchal line, and above this the faintly marked highest nuchal line. It is less pronounced in females. The inion is the highest point of the external occipital protuberance. a projection on the external surface of the squamous part of the occipital bone in the midline" [Wikipedia:External_occipital_protuberance] +def: "Near the middle of the occipital squama is the external occipital protuberance, and extending lateralward from it on either side is the superior nuchal line, and above this the faintly marked highest nuchal line. It is less pronounced in females. The inion is the highest point of the external occipital protuberance. a projection on the external surface of the squamous part of the occipital bone in the midline." [Wikipedia:External_occipital_protuberance] synonym: "inion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inion] xref: FMA:75752 xref: SCTID:139582005 @@ -156831,7 +156831,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/166 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0013471 name: retromolar space -def: "The retromolar space or retromolar gap is a space at the rear of a mandible, between the back of the last molar and the anterior edge of the ascending ramus where it crosses the alveolar margin.[WP]" [Wikipedia:Retromolar_space] +def: "The retromolar space or retromolar gap is a space at the rear of a mandible, between the back of the last molar and the anterior edge of the ascending ramus where it crosses the alveolar margin.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Retromolar_space] synonym: "retromolar gap" EXACT [Wikipedia:Retromolar_space] xref: Wikipedia:Retromolar_space is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space @@ -156902,7 +156902,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0013477 name: blowhole -def: "A hole at the top of a cetacean's head through which the animal breathes air" [Wikipedia:Blowhole_(anatomy)] +def: "A hole at the top of a cetacean's head through which the animal breathes air." [Wikipedia:Blowhole_(anatomy)] synonym: "blowhole slit" NARROW [] xref: Wikipedia:Blowhole_(anatomy) is_a: UBERON:0005928 ! external naris @@ -157013,7 +157013,7 @@ relationship: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9443 ! Primates [Term] id: UBERON:0013488 name: panniculus adiposus -def: "The panniculus adiposus is the fatty layer of the subcutaneous tissues, superficial to a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus. An example is the Fascia of Camper. Another example is the superficial cervical fascia[WP]" [Wikipedia:Panniculus_adiposus] +def: "The panniculus adiposus is the fatty layer of the subcutaneous tissues, superficial to a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus. An example is the Fascia of Camper. Another example is the superficial cervical fascia[WP]." [Wikipedia:Panniculus_adiposus] synonym: "panniculus adiposus group" EXACT [] synonym: "subcutaneous fat" RELATED [Wikipedia:Panniculus_adiposus] xref: Wikipedia:Panniculus_adiposus @@ -157289,7 +157289,7 @@ intersection_of: has_member UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0013513 name: anal pterya -def: "One of two rows of feathers encircling the cloaca" [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm] +def: "One of two rows of feathers encircling the cloaca." [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm] synonym: "anal pteryla" RELATED [] synonym: "cloacal circlet" RELATED [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm] synonym: "undertail covert" RELATED [] @@ -157353,7 +157353,7 @@ relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000025 ! tube [Term] id: UBERON:0013523 name: lateral vaginal canal -def: "One of two lateral tracts connecting a uterus to a common median tract separated from the median vagina via ureters which prevent their fusion. Found in marsupials" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "One of two lateral tracts connecting a uterus to a common median tract separated from the median vagina via ureters which prevent their fusion. Found in marsupials." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "lateral vagina" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral vaginae" EXACT PLURAL [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000996 ! vagina @@ -157366,7 +157366,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0013524 name: median vaginal canal -def: "A median canal in the reproductive system of marsupials that connects the uteri to a common tract, joining with the two lateral vaginas. Connects the uterine openings directly with the urogenital sinus" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A median canal in the reproductive system of marsupials that connects the uteri to a common tract, joining with the two lateral vaginas. Connects the uterine openings directly with the urogenital sinus." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "central pseudovaginal canal" EXACT [] synonym: "central vagina" EXACT [] synonym: "median pseudovaginal canal" EXACT [] @@ -157407,7 +157407,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ear vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0013527 name: pectoral flipper tubercle -def: "A bump or swelling adorining the head and leading edge of a pectoral flipper, associated with the multiple joints and terminal phalanges as found in the multiple phalanges of the humpback whale" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A bump or swelling adorining the head and leading edge of a pectoral flipper, associated with the multiple joints and terminal phalanges as found in the multiple phalanges of the humpback whale." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb property_value: taxon_notes "In a humpback the number of tubercles ranges from 9 to 11, with the first at the joint between the radius and metacarpal of digit II (with digit I absent)" xsd:string @@ -157440,7 +157440,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area [Term] id: UBERON:0013529 name: Brodmann area -def: "A segmentation of the cerebral cortex on the basis of cytoarchitecture as described in Brodmann-1905, Brodmann-1909 and Brodmann-10. Maps for several species were presented. NeuroNames includes only areas in the human and in Old World monkeys. Of the latter, Brodmann studied representatives of several species including guenons (one Cercopithecus mona, one Cercocebus torquatus, and one Cercopithecus otherwise unspecified), which are all closely related African species, and one macaque (Macaca mulatta) an Asian species (Brodmann-1905). The legend to the summary map in Brodmann-1909 ascribes the areas simply to Cercopithecus. Brodmann referenced the areas by name and number. The same area number in humans and monkeys did not necessarily refer to topologically or cytoarchitecturally homologous structures. In NeuroNames the standard term for human areas consists of the English translation of Brodmann's Latin name followed by the number he assigned, e.g., agranular frontal area 6; the standard terms for monkey areas are in the format: area 6 of Brodmann-1909. He mapped a portion of areas limited to the banks of sulci, e.g., area 3 of Brodmann-1909 (Brodmann-1909) onto the adjacent, visible surface. This accounts for the fact that some areas appear larger on his surface map than on maps of other authors, e.g., area 3 of Vogts-1919. (Adapted from NeuroNames)" [BIRNLEX:1731] +def: "A segmentation of the cerebral cortex on the basis of cytoarchitecture as described in Brodmann-1905, Brodmann-1909 and Brodmann-10. Maps for several species were presented. NeuroNames includes only areas in the human and in Old World monkeys. Of the latter, Brodmann studied representatives of several species including guenons (one Cercopithecus mona, one Cercocebus torquatus, and one Cercopithecus otherwise unspecified), which are all closely related African species, and one macaque (Macaca mulatta) an Asian species (Brodmann-1905). The legend to the summary map in Brodmann-1909 ascribes the areas simply to Cercopithecus. Brodmann referenced the areas by name and number. The same area number in humans and monkeys did not necessarily refer to topologically or cytoarchitecturally homologous structures. In NeuroNames the standard term for human areas consists of the English translation of Brodmann's Latin name followed by the number he assigned, e.g., agranular frontal area 6; the standard terms for monkey areas are in the format: area 6 of Brodmann-1909. He mapped a portion of areas limited to the banks of sulci, e.g., area 3 of Brodmann-1909 (Brodmann-1909) onto the adjacent, visible surface. This accounts for the fact that some areas appear larger on his surface map than on maps of other authors, e.g., area 3 of Vogts-1919. (Adapted from NeuroNames)." [BIRNLEX:1731] synonym: "Brodmann parcellation scheme region" RELATED [BIRNLEX:1731] synonym: "Brodmann partition scheme region" RELATED [BIRNLEX:1731] synonym: "Brodmann's areas" RELATED PLURAL [BIRNLEX:1731] @@ -157821,7 +157821,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="NIFSTD"} ! Brodmann area [Term] id: UBERON:0013554 name: Brodmann (1909) area 23 -def: "The term area 23 of Brodmann-1909 refers to a subdivision of the cerebral cortex of the guenon defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. Brodmann regarded it as topographically and cytoarchitecturally homologous to the combined ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and dorsal posterior cingulate area 31 of the human (Brodmann-1909). Distinctive Features (Brodmann-1905): the cortex is relatively thin; smaller cells predominate; the cell density of the multiform layer (VI) is great, producing a distinct boundary with the subcortical white matter; the internal granular layer (IV) is rather well developed; the internal pyramidal layer (V) contains a dense population of round, medium-sized ganglion cells concentrated at the border with layer IV; layers V and VI are narrow with a distinct mutual boundary.nn* Definition Source NeuroNames" [BIRNLEX:1754] +def: "The term area 23 of Brodmann-1909 refers to a subdivision of the cerebral cortex of the guenon defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. Brodmann regarded it as topographically and cytoarchitecturally homologous to the combined ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and dorsal posterior cingulate area 31 of the human (Brodmann-1909). Distinctive Features (Brodmann-1905): the cortex is relatively thin; smaller cells predominate; the cell density of the multiform layer (VI) is great, producing a distinct boundary with the subcortical white matter; the internal granular layer (IV) is rather well developed; the internal pyramidal layer (V) contains a dense population of round, medium-sized ganglion cells concentrated at the border with layer IV; layers V and VI are narrow with a distinct mutual boundary.nn* Definition Source NeuroNames." [BIRNLEX:1754] synonym: "area 23 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68620] synonym: "area 23 of Brodmann (guenon)" RELATED [NeuroNames:1018] synonym: "area 23 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1754] @@ -158139,7 +158139,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0008334 ! subarachnoid sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0013598 name: accessory nucleus of optic tract -def: "One of a set of small groups of neuron cell bodies located along the trajectory of optic fibers in the mesencephalon. These consist of the posterior nucleus [TA] (nucleus posterior [TA]), medial nucleus [TA] (nucleus medialis [TA]), and lateral nucleus [TA] (nucleus lateralis [TA]), which are also called the posterior, medial, and lateral terminal nuclei. The connections of these nuclei, along with the nucleus of the optic tract, make up the accessory optic system that appears to be concerned with retinal slip in specific directions" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61308] +def: "One of a set of small groups of neuron cell bodies located along the trajectory of optic fibers in the mesencephalon. These consist of the posterior nucleus [TA] (nucleus posterior [TA]), medial nucleus [TA] (nucleus medialis [TA]), and lateral nucleus [TA] (nucleus lateralis [TA]), which are also called the posterior, medial, and lateral terminal nuclei. The connections of these nuclei, along with the nucleus of the optic tract, make up the accessory optic system that appears to be concerned with retinal slip in specific directions." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61308] synonym: "nuclei accessorii tractus optici" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "nucleus of accessory optic system" EXACT [] synonym: "terminal nucleus of accessory optic tract" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61308] @@ -158265,7 +158265,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A ridge that girdles the base of a upper mo [Term] id: UBERON:0013614 name: fasciculus aberans -def: "The fasciulus aberrans is a distinct bundle of fibers at the dorsal aspect of the anterior commisure. These fibers travel in the internal capsule between the putamen and caudate nuclei, and cross the midline to connect the dorsal neocortex of the two hemispheres. When the fasciculus aberrans is absent, the fibers connecting the neocortex of the two hemispheres takes a diffderent route through the external capsule[Johnson et al., (1982a, 1982b, 1994)]" [MorphoBank:177] +def: "The fasciulus aberrans is a distinct bundle of fibers at the dorsal aspect of the anterior commisure. These fibers travel in the internal capsule between the putamen and caudate nuclei, and cross the midline to connect the dorsal neocortex of the two hemispheres. When the fasciculus aberrans is absent, the fibers connecting the neocortex of the two hemispheres takes a diffderent route through the external capsule[Johnson et al., (1982a, 1982b, 1994)]." [MorphoBank:177] is_a: UBERON:0002473 ! intercerebral commissure is_a: UBERON:0005838 {source="cjm"} ! fasciculus of brain @@ -158522,7 +158522,7 @@ relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0013643 name: lophophore -def: "A ring of ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth" [Wikipedia:Lophophore] +def: "A ring of ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth." [Wikipedia:Lophophore] xref: Wikipedia:Lophophore is_a: UBERON:0013642 ! ring of oral cilia relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:1206795 ! Lophotrochozoa @@ -158552,7 +158552,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0013645 name: gular gland -def: "A gland that is part of the gular region (throat)" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A gland that is part of the gular region (throat)." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011154 ! gular region @@ -158619,7 +158619,7 @@ relationship: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9788 ! Equidae [Term] id: UBERON:0013653 name: velar skeleton -def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is part of the velum and consists of a complex arrangement of thin cartilage rods and arches" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:9780226315683] +def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is part of the velum and consists of a complex arrangement of thin cartilage rods and arches." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:9780226315683] synonym: "skeleton of velum" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: skeleton_of UBERON:0012121 ! respiratory velum @@ -158728,7 +158728,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013672 ! priapium [Term] id: UBERON:0013675 name: toxactinium -def: "A long curved projection from the anterior end of the priapium in some Phallostethidae" [http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/17293/toxactinium] +def: "A long curved projection from the anterior end of the priapium in some Phallostethidae." [http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/17293/toxactinium] synonym: "toxactinia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: in_anterior_side_of UBERON:0013672 ! priapium @@ -158737,7 +158737,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013672 ! priapium [Term] id: UBERON:0013676 name: aproctal bone of priapium -def: "The ventral element in the priapium of the Phallostethidae on which articulate the ctenactinia (q.v.). Also called aproctal or pelvic bone" [http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/1032/axial] +def: "The ventral element in the priapium of the Phallostethidae on which articulate the ctenactinia (q.v.). Also called aproctal or pelvic bone." [http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/1032/axial] synonym: "aproctal bone" RELATED [] synonym: "axial bone" RELATED [] synonym: "pevic bone" RELATED [] @@ -159091,7 +159091,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0013708 name: anterior superior iliac spine -def: "The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is an important landmark of surface anatomy. It refers to the anterior extremity of the iliac crest of the pelvis, which provides attachment for the inguinal ligament, the sartorius muscle, and the tensor fasciae latae. ASIS provides a clue in identifying some other clinical landmarks, including: McBurney's point Gardner's line Roser-NC)laton line A - Anterior (front, like the face) S - Superior (towards the head, opposite to feet) I - Iliac S - Spine" [Wikipedia:Anterior_superior_iliac_spine] +def: "The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is an important landmark of surface anatomy. It refers to the anterior extremity of the iliac crest of the pelvis, which provides attachment for the inguinal ligament, the sartorius muscle, and the tensor fasciae latae. ASIS provides a clue in identifying some other clinical landmarks, including: McBurney's point Gardner's line Roser-NC)laton line A - Anterior (front, like the face) S - Superior (towards the head, opposite to feet) I - Iliac S - Spine." [Wikipedia:Anterior_superior_iliac_spine] synonym: "anterior superior iliac spine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_superior_iliac_spine] synonym: "anterior superior iliac spine (volume)" EXACT [FMA:49465] synonym: "anterior superior spine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_superior_iliac_spine] @@ -159150,7 +159150,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0013707 ! iliac spine [Term] id: UBERON:0013715 name: ilio-marsupialis muscle -def: "A muscle that originates on the anterior iliac spine that passes through the inguinal canal before dividing into four branches, each attaching to a pouch nipple" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:12432001] +def: "A muscle that originates on the anterior iliac spine that passes through the inguinal canal before dividing into four branches, each attaching to a pouch nipple." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:12432001] synonym: "compressor mammae" RELATED [] synonym: "ilio-marsupialis" EXACT [] synonym: "M. compressor mammae" RELATED [] @@ -159170,7 +159170,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "in pouchless marsupials provides mechanical supp [Term] id: UBERON:0013716 name: branch of ilio-marsupialis muscle -def: "One of the branches of the ilio-marsupialis that attaches to a pouch nipple" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:12432001] +def: "One of the branches of the ilio-marsupialis that attaches to a pouch nipple." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:12432001] synonym: "retractor mammae" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002030 ! nipple @@ -159273,7 +159273,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0011970 {source="FMA"} ! talofibular ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0013727 name: notochordal fluid -def: "Fluid contained within the notochordal canal" [http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Latimeria_chalumnae/, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Fluid contained within the notochordal canal." [http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Latimeria_chalumnae/, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: Distinct feature of coelocanths synonym: "notochord fluid" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of notochordal fluid" EXACT [] @@ -159460,7 +159460,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Median ventral cartilage or bony element at [Term] id: UBERON:0013747 name: basibranchial cartilage -def: "A basibranchial element that is cartilage. Basibranchial elements are ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, TAO:wd] +def: "A basibranchial element that is cartilage. Basibranchial elements are ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, TAO:wd] intersection_of: UBERON:0013746 ! basibranchial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -159868,7 +159868,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004725 {source="NIFSTD"} ! piriform cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0014280 name: piriform cortex layer 2 -def: "Middle of three cytoarchitecturally defined layers of the piriform cortex characterized by a compact layer of cell bodies. It can be divided into a superficial part and a more densely packed deep part" [NLXANAT:091006] +def: "Middle of three cytoarchitecturally defined layers of the piriform cortex characterized by a compact layer of cell bodies. It can be divided into a superficial part and a more densely packed deep part." [NLXANAT:091006] synonym: "layer 2 of piriform cortex" EXACT [NLXANAT:091006] synonym: "layer 2 of piriform cortex" RELATED [NLXANAT:091006] synonym: "layer II of piriform cortex" EXACT [NLXANAT:091006] @@ -159928,7 +159928,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 {source="NIFSTD"} ! inferior olivary comple [Term] id: UBERON:0014287 name: medial accessory olive -def: "Regional part of the inferior olivary complex" [NLXANAT:100309] +def: "Regional part of the inferior olivary complex." [NLXANAT:100309] synonym: "MAO" EXACT [NLXANAT:100309] synonym: "medial accessory olive" EXACT [NLXANAT:100309] xref: BAMS:IOma @@ -159999,7 +159999,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Embryoid bodies are structures resembling e [Term] id: UBERON:0014375 name: intrinsic muscle of manus -def: "Any of the intrinsic muscles of the manus (hand)" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intrinsic+muscles] +def: "Any of the intrinsic muscles of the manus (hand)." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intrinsic+muscles] synonym: "intrinsic hand muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "intrinsic muscle of hand" EXACT [FMA:42380] xref: FMA:42380 @@ -160039,7 +160039,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0014375 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic muscle of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0014378 name: intrinsic muscle of pes -def: "Any of the intrinsic muscles of the pes (foot)" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intrinsic+muscles] +def: "Any of the intrinsic muscles of the pes (foot)." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intrinsic+muscles] synonym: "intrinsic muscle of foot" EXACT [FMA:65020] xref: FMA:65020 intersection_of: UBERON:0035112 ! intrinsic muscle @@ -160181,7 +160181,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum [Term] id: UBERON:0014391 name: palmar/plantar sweat gland -def: "A sweat gland that is part of the skin of the palmar part of the manus or plantar part of the pes" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A sweat gland that is part of the skin of the palmar part of the manus or plantar part of the pes." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "palm sweat gland" NARROW [] synonym: "palm/sole sweat gland" RELATED [] synonym: "palmar eccrine sweat gland" NARROW [] @@ -160216,7 +160216,7 @@ intersection_of: produced_by UBERON:0018232 ! axillary sweat gland [Term] id: UBERON:0014394 name: uterine fat pad -def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the uterus" [MP:0008900] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the uterus." [MP:0008900] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "peri-uterine fat pad" RELATED [] synonym: "periuterine fat pad" RELATED [] @@ -160483,7 +160483,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001274 ! ischium [Term] id: UBERON:0014442 name: superior ischial ramus -def: "The superior ramus of the ischium (descending ramus) projects downward and backward from the body and presents for examination three surfaces: external, internal, and posterior. The external surface is quadrilateral in shape. It is bounded above by a groove which lodges the tendon of the Obturator externus; below, it is continuous with the inferior ramus; in front it is limited by the posterior margin of the obturator foramen; behind, a prominent margin separates it from the posterior surface. In front of this margin the surface gives origin to the Quadratus femoris, and anterior to this to some of the fibers of origin of the Obturator externus; the lower part of the surface gives origin to part of the Adductor magnus. The internal surface forms part of the bony wall of the lesser pelvis. In front it is limited by the posterior margin of the obturator foramen. Below, it is bounded by a sharp ridge which gives attachment to a falciform prolongation of the sacrotuberous ligament, and, more anteriorly, gives origin to the Transversus perinC&i and Ischiocavernosus. Posteriorly the ramus forms a large swelling, the tuberosity of the ischium" [Wikipedia:Superior_ramus_of_the_ischium] +def: "The superior ramus of the ischium (descending ramus) projects downward and backward from the body and presents for examination three surfaces: external, internal, and posterior. The external surface is quadrilateral in shape. It is bounded above by a groove which lodges the tendon of the Obturator externus; below, it is continuous with the inferior ramus; in front it is limited by the posterior margin of the obturator foramen; behind, a prominent margin separates it from the posterior surface. In front of this margin the surface gives origin to the Quadratus femoris, and anterior to this to some of the fibers of origin of the Obturator externus; the lower part of the surface gives origin to part of the Adductor magnus. The internal surface forms part of the bony wall of the lesser pelvis. In front it is limited by the posterior margin of the obturator foramen. Below, it is bounded by a sharp ridge which gives attachment to a falciform prolongation of the sacrotuberous ligament, and, more anteriorly, gives origin to the Transversus perinC&i and Ischiocavernosus. Posteriorly the ramus forms a large swelling, the tuberosity of the ischium." [Wikipedia:Superior_ramus_of_the_ischium] synonym: "superior ramus of ischium" RELATED [] xref: FMA:304318 xref: SCTID:292625002 @@ -160650,7 +160650,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis [Term] id: UBERON:0014456 name: extraperitoneal space -def: "The extraperitoneal space is the portion of the abdomen and pelvis which does not lie within peritoneum. It includes: Retroperitoneal space Retropubic space The space in the pelvis is divided into the following components: prevesical space perivesical space perirectal space" [Wikipedia:Extraperitoneal_space] +def: "The extraperitoneal space is the portion of the abdomen and pelvis which does not lie within peritoneum. It includes: Retroperitoneal space Retropubic space The space in the pelvis is divided into the following components: prevesical space perivesical space perirectal space." [Wikipedia:Extraperitoneal_space] synonym: "spatium extraperitoneale" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Extraperitoneal_space] xref: FMA:14730 xref: NCIT:C92208 @@ -160742,7 +160742,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Any of the parasympathetic ganglia of the c [Term] id: UBERON:0014464 name: renal fat pad -def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney" [MP:0008902] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney." [MP:0008902] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "perirenal fat pad" RELATED [MP:0008902] intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad @@ -160901,7 +160901,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0014480 name: blood feather -def: "A developing feather" [Wikipedia:Pin_feather] +def: "A developing feather." [Wikipedia:Pin_feather] synonym: "pin feather" RELATED [] xref: SCTID:413670006 xref: Wikipedia:Pin_feather @@ -161277,7 +161277,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0014509 name: distal sesamoid impar ligament -def: "A short wide fibrous structure that attaches proximally to the navicular (distal sesamoid) and distally to the palmar margin of the flexor surface of the distal phalanx" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A short wide fibrous structure that attaches proximally to the navicular (distal sesamoid) and distally to the palmar margin of the flexor surface of the distal phalanx." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "distal sesamoidean impar ligament" EXACT [] synonym: "DSIL" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "impar ligament of distal equine limb" EXACT [] @@ -161290,7 +161290,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0014510 name: lamina of omasum -def: "A muscular sheet of the omasum wall consisting of two lateral layers and an intermediate layer of smooth muscle covered with non-glandular stratified squamous epithelium" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:7978351] +def: "A muscular sheet of the omasum wall consisting of two lateral layers and an intermediate layer of smooth muscle covered with non-glandular stratified squamous epithelium." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:7978351] synonym: "omasal lamina" EXACT [] synonym: "omasal laminae" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: SCTID:24667000 @@ -161373,7 +161373,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "the streaming fibers of the anterior internal capsu [Term] id: UBERON:0014527 name: posterior limb of internal capsule -def: "Portion of internal capsule lying between the globus pallidus and the thalamus (Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009, pg 409, modified by MM)" [NLX:144258] +def: "Portion of internal capsule lying between the globus pallidus and the thalamus (Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009, pg 409, modified by MM)." [NLX:144258] synonym: "capsula interna, pars posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61954, FMA:TA] synonym: "crus posterius capsulae internae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61954, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior internal capsule" RELATED [] @@ -161392,7 +161392,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001887 {source="FMA"} ! internal capsule of telenc [Term] id: UBERON:0014528 name: extreme capsule -def: "Thin band of fibers separating the claustrum from the insular cortex" [NLXANAT:1010014] +def: "Thin band of fibers separating the claustrum from the insular cortex." [NLXANAT:1010014] synonym: "band of Baillarger" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extreme_capsule] synonym: "capsula extrema" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extreme_capsule] xref: BAMS:ex @@ -161470,7 +161470,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0014533 name: medullary lamina of thalamus -def: "Medullary laminae of thalamus are layers of myelinated fibres that appear on cross sections of the thalamus. They also are commonly referred to as laminae medullares thalami or medullary layers of thalamus. The specific layers are: Lamina medullaris lateralis (external medullary lamina) - separates ventral and lateral thalamus from the subthalamus and thalamic reticular nucleus; Lamina medullaris medialis (internal medullary lamina) - positioned between the dorsomedial and ventral nuclei of thalamus, encloses the intralaminar nuclei (centromedian nucleus, paracentral, and central lateral)" [Wikipedia:Medullary_laminae_of_thalamus] +def: "Medullary laminae of thalamus are layers of myelinated fibres that appear on cross sections of the thalamus. They also are commonly referred to as laminae medullares thalami or medullary layers of thalamus. The specific layers are: Lamina medullaris lateralis (external medullary lamina) - separates ventral and lateral thalamus from the subthalamus and thalamic reticular nucleus; Lamina medullaris medialis (internal medullary lamina) - positioned between the dorsomedial and ventral nuclei of thalamus, encloses the intralaminar nuclei (centromedian nucleus, paracentral, and central lateral)." [Wikipedia:Medullary_laminae_of_thalamus] synonym: "external medullary lamina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medullary_laminae_of_thalamus] synonym: "internal medullary lamina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medullary_laminae_of_thalamus] synonym: "laminae medullares thalami" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medullary_laminae_of_thalamus] @@ -161522,7 +161522,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006108 {source="NIFSTD"} ! corticomedial nuclear c [Term] id: UBERON:0014538 name: subdivision of spinal cord central canal -def: "A subdivision of the central canal of the spinal cord along its anterior-posterior axis. This is typically subdivided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A subdivision of the central canal of the spinal cord along its anterior-posterior axis. This is typically subdivided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: non_informative synonym: "regional part of spinal cord central canal" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:717] xref: BIRNLEX:717 @@ -161533,7 +161533,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 ! central canal of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0014539 name: precommissural fornix of forebrain -def: "Part of fornix extending from the body that curves ventrally rostral to the crossing of the anterior commissure ending in the septal nuclei" [BIRNLEX:1033, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1277] +def: "Part of fornix extending from the body that curves ventrally rostral to the crossing of the anterior commissure ending in the septal nuclei." [BIRNLEX:1033, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1277] synonym: "fornix precommissuralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61967, FMA:TA] synonym: "precommissural fornix" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1033] xref: BAMS:fpr @@ -161586,7 +161586,7 @@ intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0014542 name: cervical division of cord spinal central canal -def: "Part of central canal contained within the cervical spinal cord. It is continuous caudally with the thoracic spinal cord central canal and rostrally with the fourth ventricle of the brain via the obex" [BIRNLEX:1511] +def: "Part of central canal contained within the cervical spinal cord. It is continuous caudally with the thoracic spinal cord central canal and rostrally with the fourth ventricle of the brain via the obex." [BIRNLEX:1511] synonym: "cervical spinal cord central canal" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:1511] xref: BIRNLEX:1511 xref: FMA:321590 @@ -161612,7 +161612,7 @@ intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0014544 name: frontomarginal sulcus -def: "A superficial feature of the human frontal lobe; it is located at the rostral margin of the orbital surface of the lobe (Ono-90). (NN)" [BIRNLEX:4000] +def: "A superficial feature of the human frontal lobe; it is located at the rostral margin of the orbital surface of the lobe (Ono-90). (NN)." [BIRNLEX:4000] synonym: "FMS" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:4000, NIFSTD:SumsDB_abbrevSource] synonym: "fronto marginal sulcus" RELATED [BAMS:frs] synonym: "frontomarginal sulcus" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4000] @@ -161642,7 +161642,7 @@ intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0014548 name: pyramidal layer of CA1 -def: "CA1 part of stratum pyramidale hippocampi" [BIRNLEX:4110] +def: "CA1 part of stratum pyramidale hippocampi." [BIRNLEX:4110] synonym: "CA1 part of stratum pyramidale hippocampi" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4110] synonym: "CA1 pyramidal cell layer" RELATED [BIRNLEX:4110] synonym: "CA1 stratum pyramidale" RELATED [BIRNLEX:4110] @@ -161666,7 +161666,7 @@ relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005372 {source="NN-text"} ! hippocampu [Term] id: UBERON:0014549 name: pyramidal layer of CA2 -def: "Part of pyramidal cell layer in area CA2, lying superficial to the CA2 stratum oriens, and deep to the stratum radiatum of CA2, continuous with the pyramidal cell layers of CA1 and CA3" [BIRNLEX:4111] +def: "Part of pyramidal cell layer in area CA2, lying superficial to the CA2 stratum oriens, and deep to the stratum radiatum of CA2, continuous with the pyramidal cell layers of CA1 and CA3." [BIRNLEX:4111] synonym: "CA2 part of stratum pyramidale hippocampi" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4111] synonym: "CA2 stratum pyramidale hippocampi" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4111] synonym: "field CA2, pyramidal layer" EXACT [ABA:CA2sp] @@ -161722,7 +161722,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005371 ! hippocampus stratum oriens [Term] id: UBERON:0014552 name: CA1 stratum oriens -def: "Part of stratum oriens lying in area CA1, superficial to the alveus of CA1 and deep to the pyramidal cell layer of CA1. It is continuous with the stratum oriens of CA2 and bounded by the subiculum" [BIRNLEX:4116] +def: "Part of stratum oriens lying in area CA1, superficial to the alveus of CA1 and deep to the pyramidal cell layer of CA1. It is continuous with the stratum oriens of CA2 and bounded by the subiculum." [BIRNLEX:4116] synonym: "CA1 part of stratum oriens" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4116] synonym: "CA1 stratum oriens" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4116] synonym: "oriens layer of CA1 field" EXACT [FMA:277856] @@ -161812,7 +161812,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005372 ! hippocampus stratum radiatum [Term] id: UBERON:0014557 name: CA1 stratum lacunosum moleculare -def: "Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare lying in area CA1, superficial to CA1 stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface, continuous with stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA2 and the subiculum stratum moleculare" [BIRNLEX:4123] +def: "Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare lying in area CA1, superficial to CA1 stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface, continuous with stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA2 and the subiculum stratum moleculare." [BIRNLEX:4123] synonym: "CA1 part of stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4123] synonym: "CA1 stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4123] synonym: "lacunar-molecular layer of CA1 field" EXACT [FMA:277850] @@ -161830,7 +161830,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007640 ! hippocampus stratum lacunosum molecula [Term] id: UBERON:0014558 name: CA2 stratum lacunosum moleculare -def: "Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare lying in area CA2, superficial to the CA2 stratum radiatum, that is continuous with the stratum lacunosum-moleculare in areas CA3 and CA1" [BIRNLEX:4124] +def: "Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare lying in area CA2, superficial to the CA2 stratum radiatum, that is continuous with the stratum lacunosum-moleculare in areas CA3 and CA1." [BIRNLEX:4124] synonym: "CA2 part of stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4124] synonym: "CA2 stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4124] synonym: "lacunar-molecular layer of CA2 field" EXACT [FMA:277852] @@ -161915,7 +161915,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "According to Hayakawa and Zuo (1983), the TDV canno [Term] id: UBERON:0014570 name: CA1 alveus -def: "CA1 portion of the alveus" [NLXANAT:1005038] +def: "CA1 portion of the alveus." [NLXANAT:1005038] synonym: "alveus of the CA1 field" EXACT [NeuroNames:2938] xref: FMA:277874 xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2938 @@ -161926,7 +161926,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007639 ! hippocampus alveus [Term] id: UBERON:0014571 name: CA3 alveus -def: "Part of alveus lying within hippocampal sector CA3" [NLXANAT:1005039] +def: "Part of alveus lying within hippocampal sector CA3." [NLXANAT:1005039] synonym: "alveus of the CA3 field" EXACT [NeuroNames:2948] xref: FMA:277878 xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2948 @@ -162183,7 +162183,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001930 ! paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0014605 name: fundus striati -def: "The ventral portion of the dorsal striatum, linking the caudate nucleus and the putamen anteriorly (adapted from Wikipedia)" [NLX:144261] +def: "The ventral portion of the dorsal striatum, linking the caudate nucleus and the putamen anteriorly (adapted from Wikipedia)." [NLX:144261] synonym: "fundus of striatum" RELATED [BAMS:FS] synonym: "fundus of the striatum" RELATED [NLX:144261] synonym: "fundus striati" EXACT [NLX:144261] @@ -162267,7 +162267,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0014609 ! thoracic spinal cord dorsal horn [Term] id: UBERON:0014612 name: substantia gelatinosa of thoracic spinal cord dorsal horn -def: "Substantia gelatinosa of thoracic spinal cord posterior horn" [BIRNLEX:1432] +def: "Substantia gelatinosa of thoracic spinal cord posterior horn." [BIRNLEX:1432] synonym: "substantia gelatinosa of thoracic spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:1432] synonym: "substantia gelatinosa of thoracic spinal cord posterior horn" RELATED [BIRNLEX:1432] xref: BIRNLEX:1432 @@ -162494,7 +162494,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004677 {source="FMA"} ! spinal cord gray commissur [Term] id: UBERON:0014631 name: dorsal gray commissure of spinal cord -def: "the part of the gray commissure in the spinal central gray posterior to the central canal of the spinal cord" [NeuroNames:2017] +def: "the part of the gray commissure in the spinal central gray posterior to the central canal of the spinal cord." [NeuroNames:2017] synonym: "commissura grisea posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal gray commissure" EXACT [NeuroNames:2017] synonym: "dorsal grey commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77037] @@ -162893,7 +162893,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0014682 name: tooth whorl -def: "A spirally arranged cluster of teeth" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A spirally arranged cluster of teeth." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "spiral tooth cluster" NARROW [] synonym: "tooth spiral" EXACT [] synonym: "whorl of teeth" EXACT [] @@ -163216,7 +163216,7 @@ relationship: composed_primarily_of CL:0000319 ! mucus secreting cell [Term] id: UBERON:0014719 name: intralobular duct -def: "A duct that is located within a lobule, with no more connective tissue intervening between ducts and secretory units (i.e., acini or tubules) than between adjacent secretory units. Intercalated and striated ducts are intralobular" [http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/intro/glands.htm] +def: "A duct that is located within a lobule, with no more connective tissue intervening between ducts and secretory units (i.e., acini or tubules) than between adjacent secretory units. Intercalated and striated ducts are intralobular." [http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/intro/glands.htm] synonym: "intralobular ductule" RELATED [] xref: SCTID:205214009 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct @@ -163326,7 +163326,7 @@ relationship: has_component UBERON:0010001 {min_cardinality="2"} ! cell cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0014733 name: dorsal ventricular ridge of pallium -def: "A large expansion of the lateral wall of the telencephalon, located in the pallium. Found in reptiles and birds" [http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/743.full, PMID:23027930] +def: "A large expansion of the lateral wall of the telencephalon, located in the pallium. Found in reptiles and birds." [http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/743.full, PMID:23027930] synonym: "dorsal ventricular ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "DVR" RELATED ABBREVIATION [PMID:23027930] is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain @@ -163360,7 +163360,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0014735 name: paleocortex -def: "Part of the allocortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. The other two are archicortex and periallocortex. It consists of very thin, primitive cortex with few clearly defined layers. It is distinguished ontogenetically by the fact that it does not develop through a cortical plate. It includes the olfactory bulb, accessory olfactory bulb, olfactory tubercle, septum, prepyriform area and periamygdalar area ( Stephan-1975 ). (adapted from Brain Info)" [NLX:143559] +def: "Part of the allocortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. The other two are archicortex and periallocortex. It consists of very thin, primitive cortex with few clearly defined layers. It is distinguished ontogenetically by the fact that it does not develop through a cortical plate. It includes the olfactory bulb, accessory olfactory bulb, olfactory tubercle, septum, prepyriform area and periamygdalar area ( Stephan-1975 ). (adapted from Brain Info)." [NLX:143559] synonym: "palaeocortex" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62430, FMA:TA] synonym: "paleocortex" RELATED [NeuroNames:2336] synonym: "paleocortex (semicortex)" EXACT [DHBA:10306] @@ -163725,7 +163725,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0001619 {source="FMA"} ! ophthalmic arter [Term] id: UBERON:0014775 name: prosomere -def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive forebrain" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive forebrain." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "forebrain neuromere" EXACT [] synonym: "forebrain segment" BROAD [] synonym: "future prosencephalon" RELATED [] @@ -163737,7 +163737,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0014776 name: midbrain neuromere -def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive midbrain" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive midbrain." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "future mesencephalon" RELATED [] synonym: "mesomere" BROAD [] synonym: "mesomere group" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004352] @@ -163753,7 +163753,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0014777 name: spinal neuromere -def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive spinal cord" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive spinal cord." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "spinal cord metameric segment" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord segment" RELATED [TAO:0001332] synonym: "spinal neuromeres" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001332] @@ -163765,7 +163765,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0014778 name: cell group -def: "A group of cells that may not be contained within macroscopic anatomical boundaries, e.g., A9 dopaminergic cell group; massa intercalata of the amygdala (CUMBO)" [NLX:532] +def: "A group of cells that may not be contained within macroscopic anatomical boundaries, e.g., A9 dopaminergic cell group; massa intercalata of the amygdala (CUMBO)." [NLX:532] subset: cumbo subset: upper_level synonym: "group of cells" EXACT [] @@ -164077,21 +164077,21 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004164 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! branchiomeric muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0014837 name: pectoantebrachialis -def: "The most superficial of pectoral muscles, found in some mammals" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "The most superficial of pectoral muscles, found in some mammals." [ISBN:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0001495 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! pectoral muscle relationship: superficial_to UBERON:0002381 ! pectoralis major [Term] id: UBERON:0014838 name: xiphihumeralis -def: "The most deep of pectoral muscles, found in some mammals" [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "The most deep of pectoral muscles, found in some mammals." [ISBN:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0001495 {source="ISBN:0073040584"} ! pectoral muscle relationship: deep_to UBERON:0001100 ! pectoralis minor [Term] id: UBERON:0014840 name: supracoracoideus muscle -def: "A muscle that is important to the body support of limbed reptiles, underlies the front part of the pectoral muscle, arises from the coracoid, and passes to the underpart of the humerus" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/supracoracoideus] +def: "A muscle that is important to the body support of limbed reptiles, underlies the front part of the pectoral muscle, arises from the coracoid, and passes to the underpart of the humerus." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/supracoracoideus] comment: Ventral group[Kardong] is_a: UBERON:0008196 ! muscle of pectoral girdle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -164261,7 +164261,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0018378 ! crustacean larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0014859 name: megalopa stage -def: "The crustacean post-larval stage of a crab" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The crustacean post-larval stage of a crab." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "megalopa" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0014858 ! crustacean post-larval stage property_value: editor_note "Consider merging into parent" xsd:string @@ -164269,7 +164269,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Consider merging into parent" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0014860 name: copepodite stage -def: "A development stage of copepods which follows the nauplius stage. It is segmented with more than 3 pairs of appendages" [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/Copepodite] +def: "A development stage of copepods which follows the nauplius stage. It is segmented with more than 3 pairs of appendages." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/Copepodite] synonym: "copepodite" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6830 ! Copepoda @@ -164299,7 +164299,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0014863 name: veliger stage -def: "The characteristic larval stage of the gastropod, bivalve and scaphopod taxonomic classes. It is produced following either the embryonic or trochophore larval stage of development" [Wikipedia:Veliger] +def: "The characteristic larval stage of the gastropod, bivalve and scaphopod taxonomic classes. It is produced following either the embryonic or trochophore larval stage of development." [Wikipedia:Veliger] synonym: "veliger" RELATED [] xref: Wikipedia:Veliger is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage @@ -164318,7 +164318,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7088 ! Lepidoptera [Term] id: UBERON:0014870 name: inferior orbital fissure -def: "The orbital fissure that is situated inferiorly between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/orbital%20fissure] +def: "The orbital fissure that is situated inferiorly between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/orbital%20fissure] synonym: "infraorbital fissure" RELATED [] synonym: "sphenomaxillary fissure" RELATED [] xref: FMA:54802 @@ -164855,7 +164855,7 @@ replaced_by: UBERON:0004040 [Term] id: UBERON:0014935 name: cerebral cortex marginal layer -def: "developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter, develops from the marginal layer of the neural tube and becomes cortical layer I" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0000792] +def: "developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter, develops from the marginal layer of the neural tube and becomes cortical layer I." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0000792] synonym: "cerebral cortex marginal zone" RELATED [EMAPA:32713] synonym: "cortical marginal layer" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cortical marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0000792] @@ -166256,7 +166256,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001247 ! falciform ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0015143 name: mesenteric fat pad -def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mesentery" [MP:0008903] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mesentery." [MP:0008903] synonym: "mesenteric fat depot" EXACT [MP:0008903] intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery @@ -166355,7 +166355,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "the only orbital gland found in anuran amphibians i [Term] id: UBERON:0015153 name: medial gland of ocular region -def: "A gland that is located in the ocular region, nearer the inner canthi. Typically associated with or part of the nictitating membrane, when present" [PMID:7559104] +def: "A gland that is located in the ocular region, nearer the inner canthi. Typically associated with or part of the nictitating membrane, when present." [PMID:7559104] synonym: "Harderian gland" NARROW [] synonym: "medial ocular gland" EXACT [] synonym: "medial orbital gland" EXACT [] @@ -166391,7 +166391,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005908 {source="FMA"} ! conjunctival sac [Term] id: UBERON:0015156 name: terminal branch of ophthalmic artery -def: "The two terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery in humans are the dorsal nasal artery and the supratrochlear artery" [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nasal_artery, Wikipedia:Supratrochlear_artery] +def: "The two terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery in humans are the dorsal nasal artery and the supratrochlear artery." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nasal_artery, Wikipedia:Supratrochlear_artery] xref: FMA:51956 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0001619 ! ophthalmic artery @@ -166480,7 +166480,7 @@ relationship: supplies UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris [Term] id: UBERON:0015165 name: multi-unit eye -def: "An eye consisting of multiple light-sensing organs" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:21062451] +def: "An eye consisting of multiple light-sensing organs." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:21062451] intersection_of: UBERON:0000970 ! eye intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 ! Vertebrata @@ -166510,7 +166510,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "tapetal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0015170 name: nauplius eye -def: "An eye that consists of a cluster of three or four median eyes that form a single structural unit but are separated from one another by pigment layers" [PMID:21062451] +def: "An eye that consists of a cluster of three or four median eyes that form a single structural unit but are separated from one another by pigment layers." [PMID:21062451] synonym: "four-partite eye" NARROW [PMID:21062451] synonym: "three-partite eye" NARROW [PMID:21062451] is_a: UBERON:0000970 ! eye @@ -166520,7 +166520,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6657 ! Crustacea [Term] id: UBERON:0015171 name: uterine spiral artery -def: "A corkscrew-like artery in premenstrual or progestational endometrium; uterine spiral arteries play a vital role in supplying nutrients to the placenta and fetus, and are thus remodeled into highly dilated inelastic vessels by the action of invading trophoblast (physiological change)" [J:100668, J:117841, MGI:anna, MP:0012726] +def: "A corkscrew-like artery in premenstrual or progestational endometrium; uterine spiral arteries play a vital role in supplying nutrients to the placenta and fetus, and are thus remodeled into highly dilated inelastic vessels by the action of invading trophoblast (physiological change)." [J:100668, J:117841, MGI:anna, MP:0012726] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "endometrial spiral arteriole" EXACT [] synonym: "endometrial spiral artery" EXACT [BTO:0003371] @@ -166583,7 +166583,7 @@ relationship: supplies UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0015177 name: helicine artery -def: "Either the helicine artery of the penis or the helicine artery of the uterus" [Wikipedia:Helicine_arteries] +def: "Either the helicine artery of the penis or the helicine artery of the uterus." [Wikipedia:Helicine_arteries] synonym: "helicine arteries" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:279924008 xref: Wikipedia:Helicine_arteries @@ -167103,7 +167103,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005604 {source="MA"} ! extrahepatic part of hepati [Term] id: UBERON:0015430 name: levator auris longus muscle -def: "Muscle organ located on the dorsal surface of the head innervated by the facial nerve" [http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category\:Levator_auris_longus_muscle] +def: "Muscle organ located on the dorsal surface of the head innervated by the facial nerve." [http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category\:Levator_auris_longus_muscle] synonym: "LAL" RELATED ABBREVIATION [http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category\:Levator_auris_longus_muscle] synonym: "levator auris longus" EXACT [MA:0002758] xref: EMAPA:36627 @@ -167385,7 +167385,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0015599 name: genu of corpus callosum -def: "Part of corpus callosum comprising the 'kneelike' anterior bend (adapted from Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009 pg 664)" [NLX:144462] +def: "Part of corpus callosum comprising the 'kneelike' anterior bend (adapted from Nolte, The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009 pg 664)." [NLX:144462] synonym: "corpus callosum genu" EXACT [FMA:61946] synonym: "corpus callosum, genu" RELATED [NeuroNames:194] synonym: "corpus callosum, genu" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:194] @@ -167439,7 +167439,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002336 ! corpus callosum [Term] id: UBERON:0015704 name: sagittal sinus -def: "Either the inferior or superior sagittal sinus" [Wikipedia:Sagittal_sinus] +def: "Either the inferior or superior sagittal sinus." [Wikipedia:Sagittal_sinus] xref: NCIT:C12513 xref: SCTID:244400002 xref: UMLS:C0447120 @@ -167593,7 +167593,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar e [Term] id: UBERON:0015787 name: upper respiratory conduit -def: "Any anatomical conduit which is part of the upper respiratory tract" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any anatomical conduit which is part of the upper respiratory tract." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "respiratory conduit" RELATED [FMA:265132] xref: FMA:265132 intersection_of: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit @@ -167654,7 +167654,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008808 ! prostate gland dorsolateral lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0015793 name: induseum griseum -def: "Thin layer of cortex lying on the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum. It has been debated whether it is more related to the hippocampus or the olfactory bulb (Shipley et al., Olfactory System In Paxinos The Rat Nervous System, 2nd ed)" [NLX:49940] +def: "Thin layer of cortex lying on the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum. It has been debated whether it is more related to the hippocampus or the olfactory bulb (Shipley et al., Olfactory System In Paxinos The Rat Nervous System, 2nd ed)." [NLX:49940] synonym: "gray stria of Lancisi" RELATED [NeuroNames:173] synonym: "gyrus epicallosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Indusium_griseum] synonym: "gyrus indusium griseum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Indusium_griseum] @@ -168249,7 +168249,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006203 {source="FMA"} ! conchal part of pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0015886 name: root of nail -def: "The part of the nail plate that extends into the dermis (nail matrix)" [http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/skin/nails.php] +def: "The part of the nail plate that extends into the dermis (nail matrix)." [http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/skin/nails.php] synonym: "nail groove" EXACT [] synonym: "nail root" EXACT [FMA:60128] xref: FMA:60128 @@ -168296,7 +168296,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0035551 ! deep vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0015919 name: obsolete tonsillar lymph node -def: "The term tonsillar node can be inaccurate or ambiguous" [PMID:16624319] +def: "The term tonsillar node can be inaccurate or ambiguous." [PMID:16624319] synonym: "tonsillar node" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true consider: SCTID:261419004 @@ -168304,7 +168304,7 @@ consider: SCTID:261419004 [Term] id: UBERON:0015920 name: obsolete genital lymph node -def: "The term tonsillar node can be inaccurate or ambiguous" [PMID:16624319] +def: "The term tonsillar node can be inaccurate or ambiguous." [PMID:16624319] synonym: "genital node" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true @@ -168345,7 +168345,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Medial to the external jugular vein and ste [Term] id: UBERON:0016374 name: sciatic lymph node -def: "A lymph node that is medial to the gluteus superficialis m., caudal to gluteus medius m. and sciatic nerve lymph node" [PMID:16624319] +def: "A lymph node that is medial to the gluteus superficialis m., caudal to gluteus medius m. and sciatic nerve lymph node." [PMID:16624319] xref: MA:0002884 is_a: UBERON:0000029 {source="MA"} ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 {source="PMID:16624319"} ! hindlimb @@ -168836,7 +168836,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/557 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0016458 name: esophageal hiatus -def: "A hole in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes" [HP:0002036] +def: "A hole in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes." [HP:0002036] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "esophageal hiatus of diaphragm" EXACT [FMA:58289] synonym: "oesophageal aperture" EXACT [FMA:58289] @@ -169519,7 +169519,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0016538 name: temporal cortex -def: "Gray matter of the temporal region of the neocortex, located in the temporal lobe in gyrencephalic animals" [NLX:94939] +def: "Gray matter of the temporal region of the neocortex, located in the temporal lobe in gyrencephalic animals." [NLX:94939] synonym: "cortex of temporal lobe" EXACT [FMA:242201] synonym: "gray matter of temporal lobe" RELATED [FMA:242201] synonym: "temporal lobe cortex" EXACT [FMA:242201] @@ -170074,7 +170074,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0016637 name: lateral periolivary nucleus -def: "Lateral component of the periolivary nucleus" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/periolivary+nuclei] +def: "Lateral component of the periolivary nucleus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/periolivary+nuclei] xref: DHBA:12465 xref: FMA:226217 is_a: UBERON:0002971 {source="cjm"} ! periolivary nucleus @@ -170164,7 +170164,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0016826 ! paramedian medullary reticular complex [Term] id: UBERON:0016832 name: paratrigeminal nucleus -def: "The term paratrigeminal nucleus refers to a group of cells located lateral to the spinal trigeminal tract of the medulla and medial to the spinocerebellar tracts at the level of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The cells, identified by Nissl stain, are partially embedded in the adjacent tracts; their distribution varies by species. The paratrigeminal nucleus may represent an extension of the lateral cervical nucleus into the medulla ( Swanson-2004 ). It is found in the human ( Carpenter-1983 ), the macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ), the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ). In the functional model of central nervous system organization it is classified as part of the subcortical somatosensory system ( Swanson-2004 )" [NeuroNames:761] +def: "The term paratrigeminal nucleus refers to a group of cells located lateral to the spinal trigeminal tract of the medulla and medial to the spinocerebellar tracts at the level of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The cells, identified by Nissl stain, are partially embedded in the adjacent tracts; their distribution varies by species. The paratrigeminal nucleus may represent an extension of the lateral cervical nucleus into the medulla ( Swanson-2004 ). It is found in the human ( Carpenter-1983 ), the macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ), the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ). In the functional model of central nervous system organization it is classified as part of the subcortical somatosensory system ( Swanson-2004 )." [NeuroNames:761] synonym: "lateral cervical nucleus, trigeminal extension" RELATED [NeuroNames:761] synonym: "nucleus paratrigeminalis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:761] synonym: "paratrigeminal nucleus" RELATED [NeuroNames:761] @@ -170179,7 +170179,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0016843 name: lateral nucleus of trapezoid body -def: "One of two potential parts of the trapezoid nucleus. Separated by an indistinct boundary, the other is the medial trapezoid nucleus ( Crosby-1962 ). The existence of the trapezoid nucleus in the human is disputed ( Bazwinsky-2003 )" [NeuroNames:2852] +def: "One of two potential parts of the trapezoid nucleus. Separated by an indistinct boundary, the other is the medial trapezoid nucleus ( Crosby-1962 ). The existence of the trapezoid nucleus in the human is disputed ( Bazwinsky-2003 )." [NeuroNames:2852] synonym: "lateral nucleus of the trapezoid body" RELATED [NeuroNames:2852] synonym: "lateral trapezoid nucleus" RELATED [NeuroNames:2852] synonym: "LNTB" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] @@ -170230,7 +170230,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0011777 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0016851 name: renal fascia -def: "A fascial pouch derived from extraperitoneal connective tissue that contains the kidneys, the suprarenal glands, the renal vessels and perirenal fat" [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] +def: "A fascial pouch derived from extraperitoneal connective tissue that contains the kidneys, the suprarenal glands, the renal vessels and perirenal fat." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] synonym: "fascia of Zuckerkandl" EXACT [FMA:18104] synonym: "fascia renalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Renal_fascia] synonym: "Gerota capsule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Renal_fascia] @@ -170245,7 +170245,7 @@ relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0016852 name: skin scent gland -def: "A scent gland that is part of the skin" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A scent gland that is part of the skin." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cutaneous scent gland" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:67740006 intersection_of: UBERON:0011252 ! scent gland @@ -170254,7 +170254,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0016853 name: interdigital gland -def: "A skin gland found in the interdigital region of some mammals" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A skin gland found in the interdigital region of some mammals." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "interdigital sinus" EXACT [PMID:20512761] xref: SCTID:441008 intersection_of: UBERON:0016852 ! skin scent gland @@ -170402,7 +170402,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class represents a series of phalanges plus id: UBERON:0016879 name: future central nervous system alt_id: UBERON:3000469 -def: "Primordium that develops into the central nervous system" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Primordium that develops into the central nervous system." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "future CNS" EXACT [] synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure @@ -170415,7 +170415,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0016880 ! future nervous system id: UBERON:0016880 name: future nervous system alt_id: UBERON:3000477 -def: "Primordium that develops into the nervous system" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Primordium that develops into the nervous system." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "presumptive nervous system" EXACT [AAO:0000477] xref: AAO:0000477 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure @@ -170452,7 +170452,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The ankle joint of pseudosuchians (including crocod [Term] id: UBERON:0016883 name: ovarian fossa -def: "A shallow depression on the lateral wall of the pelvis, wherein the ovary lies. This fossa has the following boundaries: superiorly: by the external iliac vessels anteriorly and inferiorly: by the broad ligament of the uterus posteriorly: by the ureter and internal iliac vessels" [MGI:anna, Wikipedia:Ovarian_fossa] +def: "A shallow depression on the lateral wall of the pelvis, wherein the ovary lies. This fossa has the following boundaries: superiorly: by the external iliac vessels anteriorly and inferiorly: by the broad ligament of the uterus posteriorly: by the ureter and internal iliac vessels." [MGI:anna, Wikipedia:Ovarian_fossa] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Claudius fossa" EXACT [MGI:anna] synonym: "fossa ovarica" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_fossa] @@ -170466,7 +170466,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005449 ! greater sac [Term] id: UBERON:0016884 name: shoulder joint -def: "The joint that is formed by the union of the humerus, the scapula (or shoulder blade), and the clavicle (or collarbone). Commonly thought of as a single joint, the shoulder is actually made up of two separate joints - the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints" [http://www.innerbody.com/image/skel17.html] +def: "The joint that is formed by the union of the humerus, the scapula (or shoulder blade), and the clavicle (or collarbone). Commonly thought of as a single joint, the shoulder is actually made up of two separate joints - the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints." [http://www.innerbody.com/image/skel17.html] synonym: "joint of shoulder region" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:361835002 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint @@ -170589,7 +170589,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000482 {source="FMA"} ! basal lamina of epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0016915 name: vermilion -def: "The zone of the skin that surrounds a lip and is colored red due to thin epithelium and presence of eleidin" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The zone of the skin that surrounds a lip and is colored red due to thin epithelium and presence of eleidin." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "vermilion border" BROAD [] synonym: "vermilion border of lip" EXACT [] synonym: "vermilion of lip" EXACT [] @@ -170896,7 +170896,7 @@ id: UBERON:0017164 name: dorsal cloacal gland alt_id: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/provisional/2cb7c05f-bfbf-4393-8c2a-70218b824b41 alt_id: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/provisional/3bde5870-7193-4f1c-a9c3-930cef534038 -def: "Cloacal gland in female salamanders that secrete into the dorsal walls of the cloaca, anterior and / or posterior to the spermathecae or near the spermathecal common tube" [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1466953, PHENOSCAPE:wd] +def: "Cloacal gland in female salamanders that secrete into the dorsal walls of the cloaca, anterior and / or posterior to the spermathecae or near the spermathecal common tube." [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1466953, PHENOSCAPE:wd] is_a: UBERON:0012478 ! cloacal gland relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8293 ! Caudata relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism @@ -171085,7 +171085,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0018622 ! lower canine tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0017612 name: cingulum of lower jaw molar -def: "A ridge that girdles the base of a lower molar tooth" [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cingulid] +def: "A ridge that girdles the base of a lower molar tooth." [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cingulid] synonym: "cingulid" BROAD [] synonym: "cingulid of molar tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "tooth cingulid" RELATED [] @@ -171096,7 +171096,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0017613 name: cingulum of upper jaw molar -def: "A ridge that girdles the base of a upper molar tooth" [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cingulum] +def: "A ridge that girdles the base of a upper molar tooth." [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cingulum] synonym: "cingulum" BROAD [] intersection_of: UBERON:0017295 ! cingulum of tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region @@ -171166,7 +171166,7 @@ relationship: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:119203 ! Selachii [Term] id: UBERON:0017623 name: prepelvic clasper -def: "A supplemental clasper in Holocephali, in front of the pelvic fin" [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] +def: "A supplemental clasper in Holocephali, in front of the pelvic fin." [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] synonym: "pre-pelvic tenaculum" EXACT [] synonym: "prepelvic tenaculum" EXACT [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] is_a: UBERON:0010516 ! clasper @@ -171175,7 +171175,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7863 ! Holocephali [Term] id: UBERON:0017624 name: pseudoclasper -def: "one or more pairs of stiff ossified lobes or prongs found in the tip of the intromittent organ of Bythitoidei" [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] +def: "one or more pairs of stiff ossified lobes or prongs found in the tip of the intromittent organ of Bythitoidei." [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:181400 ! Bythitoidei relationship: part_of UBERON:0008811 ! intromittent organ @@ -171261,7 +171261,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0017634 name: xenarthrale -def: "A supplementary intervertebral articulation found in xenarthrans characterized by two sets of zygapophyseal facets in the postdiaphragmatic vertebrae, one medial and one lateral to the met apophysis" [http://eurekamag.com/research/035/907/morphology-xenarthrous-vertebrae.php] +def: "A supplementary intervertebral articulation found in xenarthrans characterized by two sets of zygapophyseal facets in the postdiaphragmatic vertebrae, one medial and one lateral to the met apophysis." [http://eurekamag.com/research/035/907/morphology-xenarthrous-vertebrae.php] synonym: "xenarthrous articulation" EXACT [] synonym: "xenarthrous joint" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001468 ! intervertebral joint @@ -171301,7 +171301,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0017639 name: sinus of von Szily -def: "A circular gap in the iris near the pupil between the layers of the optic cup (von Szily, 1902)" [DOI:10.1007/BF00413234, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A circular gap in the iris near the pupil between the layers of the optic cup (von Szily, 1902)." [DOI:10.1007/BF00413234, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "marginal sinus" RELATED [] synonym: "marginal sinus (v. Szily)" EXACT [] synonym: "marginal sinus of von Szily" EXACT [] @@ -171334,7 +171334,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0005476 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve tru [Term] id: UBERON:0017642 name: communicating branch of spinal nerve -def: "Rami communicans (plural rami communicantes) is the term used for a nerve which connects two other nerves. When used without further definition, it almost always refers to a communicating branch between a spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk. More specifically, it usually refers to one of the following: Gray ramus communicans White ramus communicans" [Wikipedia:Rami_communicans] +def: "Rami communicans (plural rami communicantes) is the term used for a nerve which connects two other nerves. When used without further definition, it almost always refers to a communicating branch between a spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk. More specifically, it usually refers to one of the following: Gray ramus communicans White ramus communicans." [Wikipedia:Rami_communicans] synonym: "rami communicantes" BROAD [Wikipedia:Rami_communicans] synonym: "rami communicantes of spinal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rami_communicans] xref: FMA:5874 @@ -171346,7 +171346,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0017643 name: external thoracic vein -def: "extension of the long thoracic vein that collects blood from the mammary glands" [ISBM13:978-0226870137] +def: "extension of the long thoracic vein that collects blood from the mammary glands." [ISBM13:978-0226870137] synonym: "external mammary vein" RELATED [ISBM13:978-0226870137] xref: EMAPA:37145 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0002236 @@ -171373,7 +171373,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0017648 name: ventral body wall -def: "The ventral part of the body wall" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The ventral part of the body wall." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "anterior body wall" RELATED [FMA:86934] xref: EMAPA:37984 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:86934 @@ -171383,7 +171383,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0013235 ! ventrum [Term] id: UBERON:0017649 name: dorsal body wall -def: "The dorsal part of the body wall" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The dorsal part of the body wall." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0000309 ! body wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum @@ -171427,7 +171427,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The intermaxillary gland is the first salivary glan [Term] id: UBERON:0017654 name: buccal gland -def: "Any of the small racemose mucous glands in the mucous membrane lining the cheeks" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/buccal%20gland] +def: "Any of the small racemose mucous glands in the mucous membrane lining the cheeks." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/buccal%20gland] synonym: "cheek gland" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0005767 xref: SCTID:25421004 @@ -171490,7 +171490,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0017692 name: internal surface of cranial base -def: "internal (endosteal) surface of the base of skull" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "internal (endosteal) surface of the base of skull." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "basis cranii interna" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53128, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53128 @@ -171512,7 +171512,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008878 {source="FMA"} ! palmar part of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0017717 name: hypothenar eminence -def: "Hypothenar refers to a group of three muscles of the palm that control the motion of the little finger. The three muscles are: Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi" [Wikipedia:Hypothenar_eminence] +def: "Hypothenar refers to a group of three muscles of the palm that control the motion of the little finger. The three muscles are: Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi." [Wikipedia:Hypothenar_eminence] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hypothenar part of palm" EXACT [FMA:61523] xref: FMA:61523 @@ -171581,7 +171581,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0018099 name: distal mesopodial endochondral element -def: "An endochondral element in the distal portion of the mesopodial skeleton, between the central mesopodial skeleton and the metapodial skeleton" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An endochondral element in the distal portion of the mesopodial skeleton, between the central mesopodial skeleton and the metapodial skeleton." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "distal mesopodial" EXACT SYSTEMATIC [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element relationship: part_of UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodial skeleton @@ -171627,7 +171627,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010234 {source="FMA"} ! palatopharyngeus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0018104 name: parafoveal part of retina -def: "The intermediate belt surrounding the fovea centralis" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The intermediate belt surrounding the fovea centralis." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "parafoveal belt" RELATED [] synonym: "parafoveal retina" RELATED [] xref: SCTID:264120002 @@ -171639,7 +171639,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "ganglion cell layer is composed of more than fi [Term] id: UBERON:0018105 name: perifoveal part of retina -def: "The outermost region surrounding the fovea centralis" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The outermost region surrounding the fovea centralis." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "perifoveal belt" RELATED [] synonym: "perifoveal retina" RELATED [] xref: SCTID:280617008 @@ -171651,7 +171651,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "the ganglion cell layer contains two to four ro [Term] id: UBERON:0018107 name: foveola of retina -def: "A region of the fovea centralis that lies in the center of the fovea and contains only cone cells, and a cone-shaped zone of Müller cells" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A region of the fovea centralis that lies in the center of the fovea and contains only cone cells, and a cone-shaped zone of Müller cells." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "foveola" RELATED [] xref: SCTID:399857002 xref: Wikipedia:Foveola @@ -171694,7 +171694,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001583 {source="FMA"} ! extrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0018111 name: muscle layer of rectum -def: "A muscle layer that is part of the rectum" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A muscle layer that is part of the rectum." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "muscular coat of rectum" EXACT [FMA:15035] synonym: "muscularis externa of rectum" EXACT [FMA:15035] synonym: "rectal muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:15035] @@ -171707,7 +171707,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0018112 name: rectum smooth muscle tissue -def: "Any portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of the rectum" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of the rectum." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "rectal smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "rectum smooth muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "smooth muscle of rectum" EXACT [] @@ -171826,7 +171826,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9255 ! Monotremata [Term] id: UBERON:0018134 name: rugal fold of scrotum -def: "A folded ridge of skin that is part of a scrotum superficial to the dartos muscle" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A folded ridge of skin that is part of a scrotum superficial to the dartos muscle." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "folded ridge of skin of scrotum" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "scrotal rugae" EXACT PLURAL [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin @@ -171918,7 +171918,7 @@ union_of: UBERON:0013504 ! caudal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0018143 name: transverse process of cervical vertebra -def: "A transverse process that is part of a cervical vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A transverse process that is part of a cervical vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: FMA:23894 xref: FMA:9913 xref: SCTID:280730000 @@ -171951,7 +171951,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "May be homologous with the transverse processes of [Term] id: UBERON:0018146 name: transverse process of lumbar vertebra -def: "A transverse process that is part of a lumbar vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A transverse process that is part of a lumbar vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "costa lumbalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:65469, FMA:TA] synonym: "lumbar transverse process" EXACT [FMA:16080] xref: FMA:16080 @@ -172216,7 +172216,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0018235 name: capsule of pancreas -def: "A capsule that divides the parenchyma of the pancreas into lobes and lobules" [ISBN:0123813611] +def: "A capsule that divides the parenchyma of the pancreas into lobes and lobules." [ISBN:0123813611] synonym: "pancreatic capsule" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas @@ -172276,7 +172276,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0018240 name: panniculus carnosus muscle -def: "The skeletal muscle layer in the superficial fascia deep to the panniculus adiposus" [ISBN:0123813611, MP:0011157, Wikipedia:Panniculus_carnosus] +def: "The skeletal muscle layer in the superficial fascia deep to the panniculus adiposus." [ISBN:0123813611, MP:0011157, Wikipedia:Panniculus_carnosus] synonym: "panniculus" BROAD [] synonym: "panniculus carnosus" EXACT [] synonym: "panniculus carnosus group" EXACT [MA:0003141] @@ -172307,7 +172307,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage [Term] id: UBERON:0018242 name: palatine bone horizontal plate -def: "The part of the palatine bone that forms the posterior part (approximately one third) of the bony palate.(Stedmans)" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=69540, MGI:cs] +def: "The part of the palatine bone that forms the posterior part (approximately one third) of the bony palate.(Stedmans)." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=69540, MGI:cs] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "horizontal part of palatine bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Horizontal_plate_of_palatine_bone] synonym: "horizontal plate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Horizontal_plate_of_palatine_bone] @@ -172531,7 +172531,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "to be discussed. Should this class be used for the [Term] id: UBERON:0018267 name: atlantal spinal nerve foramen -def: "Foramen housing the root of the spinal nerve seen in the neural arch of the first vertebrae (atlas). (see Edwards 1976)" [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] +def: "Foramen housing the root of the spinal nerve seen in the neural arch of the first vertebrae (atlas). (see Edwards 1976)." [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:4fd613b3-3fd4-422e-a2f7-d7a2cde79d60 is_a: UBERON:4200105 ! nerve foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0005814 ! arch of atlas @@ -172556,7 +172556,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0018303 ! adrenal tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0018270 name: type 3 adrenal tissue -def: "Adrenal tissue found in archosaurs - tissue arranged in bands, alternating with interrenal cords (Yadav, 2008)" [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] +def: "Adrenal tissue found in archosaurs - tissue arranged in bands, alternating with interrenal cords (Yadav, 2008)." [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] synonym: "type 3 tissue" BROAD [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:0022c3d9-8716-4da7-aed3-5ca1d6ad1f35 is_a: UBERON:0018303 ! adrenal tissue @@ -172564,7 +172564,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0018303 ! adrenal tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0018271 name: type 4 adrenal tissue -def: "In mammals, adrenal tissue has a cortex and medulla creating a composite adrenal gland (Kardong 2012)" [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] +def: "In mammals, adrenal tissue has a cortex and medulla creating a composite adrenal gland (Kardong 2012)." [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] synonym: "type 4 tissue" BROAD [PHENOSCAPE:nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:1ae042ee-fe94-41bb-ad04-3dbbf9de8622 is_a: UBERON:0018303 ! adrenal tissue @@ -172580,7 +172580,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0018288 ! paracone [Term] id: UBERON:0018273 name: caniniform region -def: "The anterior region of the maxillary tooth row, if that tooth row contains teeth that are substantially over the premaxillary teeth (see Laurin and Reisz 1995)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "The anterior region of the maxillary tooth row, if that tooth row contains teeth that are substantially over the premaxillary teeth (see Laurin and Reisz 1995)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:e6de828b-9063-4e42-848b-ae9d4bdb7161 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:2001978 ! maxillary tooth row @@ -172588,7 +172588,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:2001978 ! maxillary tooth row [Term] id: UBERON:0018274 name: postcingulum of deciduous premolar 5 -def: "A postcingulum found on deciduous premolar 5" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A postcingulum found on deciduous premolar 5." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] synonym: "dP5 postcingulum" EXACT [] xref: UBERONTEMP:122547c2-0bd1-434b-ba32-7c40cd49772d intersection_of: UBERON:0018290 ! postcingulum @@ -172597,7 +172597,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0018375 ! deciduous premolar 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0018275 name: posthypocrista of deciduous premolar 5 -def: "A posthypocrista found on deciduous premolar 5" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A posthypocrista found on deciduous premolar 5." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] synonym: "dP5 posthypocrista" EXACT [] xref: UBERONTEMP:dcecd800-316d-4d72-93fa-0c66f7bb6982 intersection_of: UBERON:0018292 ! posthypocrista @@ -172634,7 +172634,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "found in Archosaurs and monotreames" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018279 name: hypoconid -def: "The labial most of three cusps on the talonoid (posterior) end of lower molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "The labial most of three cusps on the talonoid (posterior) end of lower molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:af7baeed-9ce1-4f9b-87d2-a1ee4f414cba is_a: UBERON:0006844 ! cusp of tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth @@ -172714,7 +172714,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0018294 ! premolar 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0018288 name: paracone -def: "The anterior cusp along the labial margin seen in the molar or premolar teeth of mammals. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "The anterior cusp along the labial margin seen in the molar or premolar teeth of mammals. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:0805962a-bdbc-4314-8920-327e041a406b is_a: UBERON:0006844 ! cusp of tooth relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 ! Mammalia @@ -172723,7 +172723,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018289 name: paracristid -def: "A crest running along the labial margin of molarifomr teeth of mammals. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A crest running along the labial margin of molarifomr teeth of mammals. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:2920b9ce-f709-4fe2-ad14-e6726227d3ae is_a: UBERON:0016930 ! ridge of tooth relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 ! Mammalia @@ -172732,7 +172732,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018290 name: postcingulum -def: "A shelf like ridge on the posterior (distal) outside edge of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A shelf like ridge on the posterior (distal) outside edge of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:65b40ec3-fa39-4802-bfa8-fb6145400c29 is_a: UBERON:0016930 ! ridge of tooth relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 ! Mammalia @@ -172741,7 +172741,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018291 name: posteroloph -def: "A shelf like ridge on the outside of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A shelf like ridge on the outside of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:09a9f799-951b-46b4-8dc2-d4d486ff6542 is_a: UBERON:0016930 ! ridge of tooth relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 ! Mammalia @@ -172750,7 +172750,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018292 name: posthypocrista -def: "A crest on the hypoconid of molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A crest on the hypoconid of molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:071e0de7-9e35-437a-b985-d9ec084e5a42 is_a: UBERON:0016930 ! ridge of tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth @@ -172758,7 +172758,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018293 name: precingulum -def: "A shelf like ridge on the proximal (mesial) outside edge of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "A shelf like ridge on the proximal (mesial) outside edge of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:4203b16d-bb40-4289-aaae-363363d7db6f is_a: UBERON:0016930 ! ridge of tooth relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 ! Mammalia @@ -172786,7 +172786,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018296 name: replacement tooth -def: "Tooth (often obscured from view) in a 'waiting' position that will replace an existing tooth (i.e. a tooth that is well visible in the jaw)" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Tooth (often obscured from view) in a 'waiting' position that will replace an existing tooth (i.e. a tooth that is well visible in the jaw)." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:dfc468f8-45f8-486f-b943-e4284d5055e8 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth property_value: editor_note "additional feedback required. Should this be classified as a primary tooth?" xsd:string @@ -172794,7 +172794,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "additional feedback required. Should this be classi [Term] id: UBERON:0018297 name: resorption pit -def: "A pit formed in an existing functional tooth, causing resorption of the surrounding dentine and periodontal tissues. (modified from LeBlanc and Reisz 2013, see figures 8, 10 for more details)" [PHENOSCAPE:curators] +def: "A pit formed in an existing functional tooth, causing resorption of the surrounding dentine and periodontal tissues. (modified from LeBlanc and Reisz 2013, see figures 8, 10 for more details)." [PHENOSCAPE:curators] xref: UBERONTEMP:4fffbeb1-0774-4eb2-860e-5b50dece221c is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton @@ -172802,7 +172802,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0018298 name: stylocone -def: "Cusp found on a platform that is buccaal and mesial to the meta and paracones. Modified from Kermack 1967. Molar evolution in Mesozoic mammals" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Cusp found on a platform that is buccaal and mesial to the meta and paracones. Modified from Kermack 1967. Molar evolution in Mesozoic mammals." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:1e10c6fb-a36f-4151-957b-7a0aaf6816ba is_a: UBERON:0006844 ! cusp of tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth @@ -172810,7 +172810,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013164 ! molariform tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018299 name: mandibular symphyseal tooth -def: "Tooth of the lower jaw that is adjacent to the mandibular symphysis" [PHENOSCAPE:curators] +def: "Tooth of the lower jaw that is adjacent to the mandibular symphysis." [PHENOSCAPE:curators] synonym: "lower jaw symphyseal tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "symphyseal tooth" BROAD [] xref: UBERONTEMP:2f99ad4b-d842-4ae9-8886-87ee98811fe5 @@ -172850,7 +172850,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0018303 name: adrenal tissue -def: "Tissue that is part of some adrenal gland" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Tissue that is part of some adrenal gland." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "adrenal gland tissue" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Gland_Tissue] xref: NCIT:C32051 xref: UBERONTEMP:a7bf197b-0db2-467e-824e-be45b39e2672 @@ -172870,7 +172870,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0018305 name: bicipital surface -def: "region of the humerus associated with the biceps attachment areas" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "region of the humerus associated with the biceps attachment areas." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:1aa93660-3c3d-4aff-94fa-93ea38c82df8 is_a: UBERON:0036215 ! anatomical surface region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -172878,7 +172878,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0018306 name: bulge -def: "expanded and swollen region of a surface that is otherwise relatively flat" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "expanded and swollen region of a surface that is otherwise relatively flat." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] subset: upper_level xref: UBERONTEMP:dfedeba6-f608-4adc-9e69-b1169f6b0fb3 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure @@ -172886,7 +172886,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure [Term] id: UBERON:0018307 name: keel -def: "Ridge shaped projection, similar to the keel of a boat" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Ridge shaped projection, similar to the keel of a boat." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] subset: upper_level xref: UBERONTEMP:ab8d6483-aa3e-480c-a8dc-339e727946fa is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection @@ -172913,7 +172913,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO: review definition" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018310 name: cephalic dermal scale -def: "A dermal scale that is found in the head region" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "A dermal scale that is found in the head region." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "cephalic scale" BROAD [] xref: UBERONTEMP:94f0b1bc-80a4-4342-8b3b-c101c07a8f6d intersection_of: UBERON:0007380 ! dermal scale @@ -172945,7 +172945,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0018314 name: choanal groove -def: "grooves on the palatine bone which denote the passage of the choana or internal naris" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "grooves on the palatine bone which denote the passage of the choana or internal naris." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:40f3ccb2-6447-4d14-b3db-b1c4bb41464b is_a: UBERON:0006846 ! surface groove relationship: part_of UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone @@ -172954,7 +172954,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "found primarily in lepidosaurs" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018315 name: clasper plate -def: "Pelvic clasper organs that have been modified into a flattened structure" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Pelvic clasper organs that have been modified into a flattened structure." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:775935c7-8289-426c-8c03-c1f82348dbc5 is_a: UBERON:0010516 ! clasper relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin @@ -172963,7 +172963,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "currently created as a subtype of clasper, but it's [Term] id: UBERON:0018316 name: cuboid facet of calcaneum -def: "Facet on the anterior surface of the calcaneus (as called calcaneum) for the articulation of the cuboid bone" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Facet on the anterior surface of the calcaneus (as called calcaneum) for the articulation of the cuboid bone." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:a3287636-2522-466e-9310-942cc1f3cd35 is_a: UBERON:4300038 ! facet relationship: part_of UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus @@ -172979,7 +172979,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0018318 name: entocarotid fossa -def: "A depression on the lateral surface of the braincase posterior to the Vidian canal (Conrad 2008)" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "A depression on the lateral surface of the braincase posterior to the Vidian canal (Conrad 2008)." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:0ac04df7-2f9b-4c8a-bb52-f46b396e82b9 is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0004746 ! prootic bone @@ -173020,7 +173020,7 @@ relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 ! Homo sapiens [Term] id: UBERON:0018323 name: hyoid articular area -def: "Area on the otic capsule for the articulation of the hyoid" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "Area on the otic capsule for the articulation of the hyoid." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:e1c1764a-61b5-4dce-8a59-7ca5a9de0a0b is_a: UBERON:0004905 ! articulation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule @@ -173028,7 +173028,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule [Term] id: UBERON:0018324 name: hypochordal radial -def: "Caudal fin radial element located ventral to the notochord" [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] +def: "Caudal fin radial element located ventral to the notochord." [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] xref: UBERONTEMP:df278a3c-58fe-4442-9611-22473117a50d is_a: UBERON:2100271 ! radial element relationship: part_of UBERON:4000167 ! caudal fin skeleton @@ -173044,7 +173044,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:4000167 ! caudal fin skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0018326 name: ilioischiadic foramen -def: "Situated just caudal to the acetabulum, the foramen is bound dorsally by the illium and ventrally by the ischium. The foramen transmitts the ischiadic nerves and vessels (Baumel et al. 1993)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "Situated just caudal to the acetabulum, the foramen is bound dorsally by the illium and ventrally by the ischium. The foramen transmitts the ischiadic nerves and vessels (Baumel et al. 1993)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:63e09c69-ac98-49ba-b232-2da5c7b19019 intersection_of: UBERON:0005744 ! bone foramen intersection_of: conduit_for UBERON:0001322 ! sciatic nerve @@ -173061,7 +173061,7 @@ replaced_by: UBERON:0017249 [Term] id: UBERON:0018328 name: incisura fossa -def: "The condyloid fossa on the cranial aspect of the Atlas my be perforated (foramen fossa) or have an open dorsal notch (Incisura fossa) in which the apex of the dens rides. (From Baumel et al. 1993)" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "The condyloid fossa on the cranial aspect of the Atlas my be perforated (foramen fossa) or have an open dorsal notch (Incisura fossa) in which the apex of the dens rides. (From Baumel et al. 1993)." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:9976c3c2-76ad-4a5a-8eeb-453bf0b47aec is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! vertebral bone 1 @@ -173077,7 +173077,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "propose changing palate bone to palate bone series[ [Term] id: UBERON:0018330 name: interpterygoid vacuity -def: "Open space between on the palate between the pteryogoid bone and the parasphenoid" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "Open space between on the palate between the pteryogoid bone and the parasphenoid." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:c459b036-bbb9-4e8b-8a2b-530b761b6603 is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium @@ -173093,7 +173093,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0018332 name: jugal bar -def: "elongate bar consisting of fused quadratojugal and jugal and connecting the maxilla to the quadrate" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "elongate bar consisting of fused quadratojugal and jugal and connecting the maxilla to the quadrate." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] synonym: "angulus tomialis" EXACT [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0026350] xref: UBERONTEMP:1f2675bb-5831-4804-9e83-de3be1eb2a73 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ @@ -173105,7 +173105,7 @@ relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0011267 ! quadratojugal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018333 name: labial cartilage -def: "Distinct cartilage around the jaws of elasmobranchs" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Distinct cartilage around the jaws of elasmobranchs." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:dab1de8a-9ec0-4e71-b7ec-8507bcbaccad is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilage element relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7778 ! Elasmobranchii @@ -173114,7 +173114,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0018334 name: lateral condyle of quadrate -def: "Condyle on the lateral side of the quadrate" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Condyle on the lateral side of the quadrate." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:65292031-1a72-4f0a-a385-a479e6a8625f is_a: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle disjoint_from: UBERON:0018337 {source="lexical"} ! medial condyle of quadrate @@ -173123,7 +173123,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006597 ! quadrate bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018335 name: lateral dorsal aorta canal -def: "One of the branches of the dorsal aorta, after it enters the aortic canal" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "One of the branches of the dorsal aorta, after it enters the aortic canal." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:6f18830d-27e9-4de6-a1a6-34253907bbfe is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta @@ -173131,7 +173131,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0018336 name: maxillary shank -def: "The triangular shaped posterior fold at the angle of the mouth. From Chakrabarty 2006" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "The triangular shaped posterior fold at the angle of the mouth. From Chakrabarty 2006." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:d176af29-e3f6-4cfa-a8ee-d26740652bfd is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla @@ -173201,7 +173201,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct [Term] id: UBERON:0018344 name: parastyle -def: "An anterior cusp on the stylar shelf of the tooth" [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "An anterior cusp on the stylar shelf of the tooth." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:3430efdb-ae20-4568-bce3-888d86cf75ab is_a: UBERON:0006844 ! cusp of tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0018345 ! stylar shelf @@ -173249,7 +173249,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0018351 name: precerebral fontanelle -def: "The lack of chondrification of the anterior wall of the cranial cavity in front of the pineal foramen.....(Hanken and Hall)" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "The lack of chondrification of the anterior wall of the cranial cavity in front of the pineal foramen.....(Hanken and Hall)." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:43fdac75-44ba-45b0-bc85-bbd53076852f is_a: UBERON:3000051 ! braincase and otic capsule opening @@ -173274,7 +173274,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011171 ! joint connecting upper and lower jaws [Term] id: UBERON:0018354 name: recessus vena jugularis -def: "As defined here, this refers to a depression on the lateral surface of the braincase posterior to the Vidian canal as opposed to the carotid fossa...(Conrad 2008)" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "As defined here, this refers to a depression on the lateral surface of the braincase posterior to the Vidian canal as opposed to the carotid fossa...(Conrad 2008)." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:65e056b3-ec2f-4eba-a8e5-c12b137f1060 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:3000052 ! braincase and otic capsule skeleton @@ -173282,7 +173282,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:3000052 ! braincase and otic capsule skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0018355 name: rictal bristle -def: "Rictal bristles project from the beak of many insect-eating birds, including flycatchers, nightjars and even the American Robin. They are believed to provide protection for the bird's eyes as it consumes its wriggly prey. The bristles may also provide tactile feedback, like the whiskers on a dog or cat. from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/studying/feathers/feathers/document_view" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Rictal bristles project from the beak of many insect-eating birds, including flycatchers, nightjars and even the American Robin. They are believed to provide protection for the bird's eyes as it consumes its wriggly prey. The bristles may also provide tactile feedback, like the whiskers on a dog or cat. from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/studying/feathers/feathers/document_view." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:75dafdaf-a59c-42ab-94e6-4816a29edb2f is_a: UBERON:0000022 ! feather relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak @@ -173290,7 +173290,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak [Term] id: UBERON:0018356 name: rostral entotympanic element -def: "An entotympanic that arises in forward part of tympanic floor. It may be intimately fused witA cartilage of tube during development(MacPhee (1981: 62)) in contrast to a caudal entotympanic arising in the rear tympanic floor. From O'Leary et al. 2012" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "An entotympanic that arises in forward part of tympanic floor. It may be intimately fused witA cartilage of tube during development(MacPhee (1981: 62)) in contrast to a caudal entotympanic arising in the rear tympanic floor. From O'Leary et al. 2012." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:c5825cfa-edc2-4717-8625-90ac3f8b6dd3 is_a: UBERON:0013190 ! entotympanic bone @@ -173306,7 +173306,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0018358 name: spina externa -def: "A median bony point projecting from the anterior and ventral margin of the sternum of a bird. From http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/spina%20externa" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "A median bony point projecting from the anterior and ventral margin of the sternum of a bird. From http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/spina%20externa." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:0bc2755c-6069-42f5-a9f4-b00b7b3cc25a is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum @@ -173314,7 +173314,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0018359 name: subolfactory process -def: "The ventral portion of the frontals which forms part of the lateral wall of the braincase. Modified from Lee and Caldwell 1998" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "The ventral portion of the frontals which forms part of the lateral wall of the braincase. Modified from Lee and Caldwell 1998." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:41e8ff4d-2e04-4d81-8db9-a8038e63f76b is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone @@ -173323,7 +173323,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:3000052 ! braincase and otic capsule skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0018360 name: suborbital foramen -def: "Foramen located below the orbit and forming a passageway for nerves (eg fifth cranial nerve)" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Foramen located below the orbit and forming a passageway for nerves (eg fifth cranial nerve)." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:3e50fa07-b01a-491f-a67d-11f63e8cf0aa is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! bone foramen relationship: conduit_for UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve @@ -173368,7 +173368,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018365 name: supratemporal process -def: "Process of the parietal" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Process of the parietal." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:4d719e1e-df5d-4735-9490-45e6e22b549a is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone @@ -173376,14 +173376,14 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018366 name: supratendinal bridge -def: "ossified bridge over a tendon; Particularly, the bridge over the extensor canal at the distal end of the tibiotarsus of certain birds. The presence of the bridge and the position of the canal opening relative to the condyles may have phylogenetic significance. Ericson (1997). http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossarySq.html" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "ossified bridge over a tendon; Particularly, the bridge over the extensor canal at the distal end of the tibiotarsus of certain birds. The presence of the bridge and the position of the canal opening relative to the condyles may have phylogenetic significance. Ericson (1997). http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossarySq.html." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:27dfdd96-d1ca-44b3-876b-390ed5d21c23 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone element [Term] id: UBERON:0018367 name: processus ventralis of thoracic vertebra -def: "The crest is present on the ventral side of the bodies of the thoracic vertebra (modified from Baumel et al. 1993)" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "The crest is present on the ventral side of the bodies of the thoracic vertebra (modified from Baumel et al. 1993)." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "hypapophysis, crista ventralis corporis, crista ventralis, processus latus" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "processus ventralis" EXACT [] xref: NOID:1 @@ -173394,7 +173394,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "found in some birds" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018368 name: processus ventrolateralis of thoracic vertebra -def: "Ventrolaerally oriented, paired projections atttached to the ventrolateral border of the body of certain thoracic vertebra; the ventrolateral crest flank the crista ventralis on each side. From Baumel et al. 1993" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Ventrolaerally oriented, paired projections atttached to the ventrolateral border of the body of certain thoracic vertebra; the ventrolateral crest flank the crista ventralis on each side. From Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "crista ventrolateralis, processus inferolateralis" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "processus ventrolateralis" EXACT [] xref: NOID:1 @@ -173405,7 +173405,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "found in some birds" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018369 name: upper lateral line -def: "dorsal sensory canal line in fish, dorsal to ventral lateral lane" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "dorsal sensory canal line in fish, dorsal to ventral lateral lane." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:2e283d18-0137-43ce-948f-1704f1d0a0a7 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: editor_note "consider merging with UBERON:0003095 ! dorsal lateral line" xsd:string @@ -173413,27 +173413,27 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider merging with UBERON:0003095 ! dorsal later [Term] id: UBERON:0018370 name: ventral lateral line -def: "ventral sensory canal line in fish, ventral to dorsal lateral lane" [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] +def: "ventral sensory canal line in fish, ventral to dorsal lateral lane." [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] xref: UBERONTEMP:61c755ec-848e-4262-89e4-be2267041e64 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line [Term] id: UBERON:0018371 name: ventral supracondylar tubercle -def: "tubercle on the distal humerus for the origin of the Lig. collaterale ventral of the elbow joint. Modified from Baumel et al. 1993" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "tubercle on the distal humerus for the origin of the Lig. collaterale ventral of the elbow joint. Modified from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:227c8fa9-af2b-4301-9c95-641d39864df6 is_a: UBERON:4200177 ! supracondyle tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0018372 name: dorsal supracondylar tubercle -def: "tubercle on the dorsal border of the distal humerus, a short distance from the dorsal epicondyle, for the origin of the m extensor carpe radialis modifeid from Baumel et al. 1993" [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "tubercle on the dorsal border of the distal humerus, a short distance from the dorsal epicondyle, for the origin of the m extensor carpe radialis modifeid from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] is_a: UBERON:4200177 ! supracondyle tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0018373 name: vidian canal -def: "canal for the vidian nerve" [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "canal for the vidian nerve." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] synonym: "canalis pterygoidei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_canal] synonym: "canalis pterygoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_canal] synonym: "pterygoid canal" EXACT [FMA:54756] @@ -173447,7 +173447,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010389 ! pterygoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018374 name: sallet -def: "A unit of the tectoral membrane that is shaped like string of flat, pearls. Modified from Manley, Fey and Popper 2008 " [ISBN:9780387714691, PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "A unit of the tectoral membrane that is shaped like string of flat, pearls. Modified from Manley, Fey and Popper 2008 ." [ISBN:9780387714691, PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:caa10252-5f7e-4a55-a72c-cf7986a89363 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ subunit relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8504 {source="ISBN:9780387714691"} ! Lepidosauria @@ -173467,7 +173467,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0018376 name: molar tooth 1 -def: "The molar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 1" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "The molar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 1." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "first molar tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "m1" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "molar 1" EXACT [] @@ -173479,7 +173479,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018377 name: molar tooth 3 -def: "The molar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 3" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "The molar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 3." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "m3" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "molar 3" EXACT [] synonym: "molar 3 tooth" EXACT [] @@ -173913,7 +173913,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast [Term] id: UBERON:0018542 name: mandibular symphyseal region -def: "The region of the mandible on or near the midline (near the mandiblular symphysis)" [MFMO:0000147] +def: "The region of the mandible on or near the midline (near the mandiblular symphysis)." [MFMO:0000147] synonym: "symphyseal region" BROAD [MFMO:0000147] xref: MFMO:0000147 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ @@ -173948,7 +173948,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0018545 name: nucleus of the bulbocavernosus -def: "A cluster of motoneurons located in the anterior gray column of lumbar segments 5 and 6 of the spinal cord in the rat. Functionally it belongs to the somatic motoneuron pools of the subcortical motor system ( Swanson-2004 )" [NeuroNames:2700] +def: "A cluster of motoneurons located in the anterior gray column of lumbar segments 5 and 6 of the spinal cord in the rat. Functionally it belongs to the somatic motoneuron pools of the subcortical motor system ( Swanson-2004 )." [NeuroNames:2700] synonym: "nucleus of the bulbocavernosus" RELATED [NeuroNames:2700] synonym: "nucleus of the bulbospongiosus" RELATED [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus" RELATED [https://www.msu.edu/~bjlab/snb.html] @@ -174393,7 +174393,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0018606 name: molar tooth 2 -def: "The molar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 2" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "The molar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 2." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "molar 2" EXACT [] synonym: "molar 2 tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "second molar tooth" EXACT [] @@ -174526,7 +174526,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003672 ! dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0018646 name: premolar tooth 5 -def: "The premolar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 5" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "The premolar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 5." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "d5" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "premolar 5" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0007120 ! premolar tooth @@ -174534,7 +174534,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007120 ! premolar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0018647 name: premolar tooth 4 -def: "The premolar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 4" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "The premolar tooth of the upper or lower jaw that is phylogenetically number 4." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "d4" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "premolar 4" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0007120 ! premolar tooth @@ -174617,7 +174617,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0013190 ! entotympanic bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018656 name: puparium -def: "A chitin-based cuticular shell derived from the cuticle of the final larval instar that surrounds the pupal form of the organism" [Wikipedia:Pupa#Puparium] +def: "A chitin-based cuticular shell derived from the cuticle of the final larval instar that surrounds the pupal form of the organism." [Wikipedia:Pupa#Puparium] synonym: "puparia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: FBbt:00004987 is_a: UBERON:0001001 {source="FBbt"} ! chitin-based cuticle @@ -174627,7 +174627,7 @@ relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003143 ! pupa [Term] id: UBERON:0018657 name: pupal case -def: "Any acellular shell or covering that surrounds the pupal form of an insect" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any acellular shell or covering that surrounds the pupal form of an insect." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: grouping_class intersection_of: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0003143 ! pupa @@ -174635,7 +174635,7 @@ intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0003143 ! pupa [Term] id: UBERON:0018663 name: recessus basilaris -def: "An opening of the otic duct within the inner ear. The recessus basilaris can open to the saccule (in frogs) or the lagena (in salamanders and caecilians). The sensory epithelium of the recessus basilaris is the basilar papilla (or papilla basilaris). Reference: Lewis, E.R. and R.E. Lombard. 1988. The amphibian inner ear. Pp. 93-123 in Fritszch, B., et al. (eds.), The Evolution of the Amphibian Auditory System. Wiley & Sons. [curated by D. Blackburn]" [PHENOSCAPE:wd] +def: "An opening of the otic duct within the inner ear. The recessus basilaris can open to the saccule (in frogs) or the lagena (in salamanders and caecilians). The sensory epithelium of the recessus basilaris is the basilar papilla (or papilla basilaris). Reference: Lewis, E.R. and R.E. Lombard. 1988. The amphibian inner ear. Pp. 93-123 in Fritszch, B., et al. (eds.), The Evolution of the Amphibian Auditory System. Wiley & Sons. [curated by D. Blackburn]." [PHENOSCAPE:wd] synonym: "basilar papillar recess" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 ! Mammalia @@ -174927,7 +174927,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 {source="FMA"} ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0019200 name: skin of anterior chest -def: "Zone of skin that is part of the anterior region of the chest" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Zone of skin that is part of the anterior region of the chest." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior chest skin" EXACT [FMA:10461] synonym: "skin of anterior part of thorax" EXACT [FMA:10461] @@ -174940,7 +174940,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0016416 ! anterior chest [Term] id: UBERON:0019201 name: gemellus muscle -def: "One of the two small muscular fasciculi, accessories to the tendon of the Obturator internus which is received into a groove between them" [Wikipedia:Inferior_gemellus_muscle, Wikipedia:Superior_gemellus_muscle] +def: "One of the two small muscular fasciculi, accessories to the tendon of the Obturator internus which is received into a groove between them." [Wikipedia:Inferior_gemellus_muscle, Wikipedia:Superior_gemellus_muscle] xref: EMAPA:36227 xref: FMA:22319 xref: SCTID:245021004 @@ -175007,7 +175007,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001726 ! papilla of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0019207 name: chorioretinal region -def: "The part of the eye that consists of both the retina and the optic choroid" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, UBERON:drseb] +def: "The part of the eye that consists of both the retina and the optic choroid." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, UBERON:drseb] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "chorioretina" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid and retina" EXACT [] @@ -175033,7 +175033,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0019210 ! pole of lens [Term] id: UBERON:0019210 name: pole of lens -def: "A central point or region on the anterior or posterior surface of the lens" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A central point or region on the anterior or posterior surface of the lens." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "lens pole" EXACT [] synonym: "lens zone" EXACT [FMA:58067] synonym: "zone of lens" RELATED [FMA:58067] @@ -175561,7 +175561,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005290 {source="HBA"} ! myelencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0019315 name: meibum -def: "an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film" [PMID:20664693] +def: "an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film." [PMID:20664693] synonym: "tarsal gland secretion" RELATED [] intersection_of: UBERON:0001866 ! sebum intersection_of: produced_by UBERON:0001818 ! tarsal gland @@ -175621,7 +175621,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "more than 10% of rat exorbital gland appears to be [Term] id: UBERON:0019326 name: lobe of lacrimal gland -def: "An anatomical lobe that is part of a lacrimal gland" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An anatomical lobe that is part of a lacrimal gland." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "lacrimal gland zone" EXACT [FMA:59381] synonym: "zone of lacrimal gland" EXACT [FMA:59381] xref: FMA:59381 @@ -176183,7 +176183,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001984 ! crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0022282 name: secretion of Harderian gland -def: "A merocrine secretion that is produced by a Harderian gland, containing lipids" [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-76685-5_2] +def: "A merocrine secretion that is produced by a Harderian gland, containing lipids." [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-76685-5_2] synonym: "Harderian gland fluid" EXACT [] synonym: "Harderian gland secretion" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! secretion of exocrine gland @@ -176217,7 +176217,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0022284 name: lacrimal gland bud -def: "the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation (Int Rev Cytol. 1996;168:1-80. Cell biology of the harderian gland)" [MGI:anna] +def: "the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation (Int Rev Cytol. 1996;168:1-80. Cell biology of the harderian gland)." [MGI:anna] xref: EMAPA:35464 is_a: UBERON:0005153 ! epithelial bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 ! lacrimal apparatus @@ -176233,7 +176233,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0022286 name: secretion of nictitans gland -def: "A secretion that is produced by a nictitans gland, containing glycoprotein" [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-76685-5_2] +def: "A secretion that is produced by a nictitans gland, containing glycoprotein." [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-76685-5_2] synonym: "nictitans gland fluid" EXACT [] synonym: "nictitans gland secretion" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! secretion of exocrine gland @@ -176403,7 +176403,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "this is currently used to group some cellular layer [Term] id: UBERON:0022314 name: superior colliculus stratum zonale -def: "Most superficial layer of the superior colliculus consisting primarily of thin fibers derived primarily from the occipital cortex (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 2nd 3d, 1981, pg. 544)" [NLX:144108] +def: "Most superficial layer of the superior colliculus consisting primarily of thin fibers derived primarily from the occipital cortex (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 2nd 3d, 1981, pg. 544)." [NLX:144108] subset: defined_by_cytoarchitecture synonym: "stratum zonale" RELATED [NLX:144108] synonym: "zonal layer of superior colliculus" RELATED [NLX:144108] @@ -176460,7 +176460,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 {source="nlx"} ! olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0022319 name: lateral geniculate nucleus parvocellular layer -def: "Layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus characterized by small cells (adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_geniculate_nucleus)" [NLX:152619] +def: "Layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus characterized by small cells (adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_geniculate_nucleus)." [NLX:152619] synonym: "LGN P-cell layer" EXACT [NLX:152619] synonym: "parvocellular layer of lateral geniculate nucleus" RELATED [NLX:152619] xref: NLX:152619 @@ -176495,7 +176495,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the two NIFSTD classes appear to refer [Term] id: UBERON:0022325 name: entorhinal cortex layer 5 -def: "Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 6 and deep to layer 4 characterized by large pyramidal neurons that are darkly stained in Nissl preparations (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)" [NLX:58] +def: "Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 6 and deep to layer 4 characterized by large pyramidal neurons that are darkly stained in Nissl preparations (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)." [NLX:58] subset: defined_by_cytoarchitecture synonym: "entorhinal cortex layer V" EXACT [DOI:10.1155/2008/381243] xref: NLX:58 @@ -176517,7 +176517,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002829 {source="nlx"} ! dorsal cochlear nucleus id: UBERON:0022327 name: entorhinal cortex layer 3 alt_id: UBERON:0032288 -def: "Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 4and deep to layer 2. It is characterized by cells of various sizes and shapes with a predominance of pyramidal cells (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)" [NLX:93650] +def: "Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 4and deep to layer 2. It is characterized by cells of various sizes and shapes with a predominance of pyramidal cells (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)." [NLX:93650] subset: defined_by_cytoarchitecture synonym: "entorhinal cortex layer III" RELATED [NLX:93650] synonym: "entorhinal cortex, pyramidal layer" EXACT [NLXANAT:20090702] @@ -176534,7 +176534,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 {source="nlx"} ! entorhinal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0022329 name: entorhinal cortex layer 6 -def: "Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to the cerebral white matter and deep to layer 5 characterized by cells of various shapes and sizes (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)" [NLX:98] +def: "Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to the cerebral white matter and deep to layer 5 characterized by cells of various shapes and sizes (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)." [NLX:98] comment: This layer is delineated by the white matter, multiple layers can be distinguished, more in particular in primates[DOI:10.1155/2008/381243] subset: defined_by_cytoarchitecture synonym: "entorhinal cortex layer VI" EXACT [DOI:10.1155/2008/381243, NLX:98] @@ -176548,7 +176548,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 {source="nlx"} ! entorhinal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0022336 name: entorhinal cortex layer 1 -def: "Layer of the entorhinal cortex that is most superficial, continuous with layer 1 of adjacent neocortex and the molecular layer of the subiculum, lying deep to the pial layer and superficial to layer 2. It is relatively acellular consisting mostly of fibers running transversely relative to the cortical surface (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)" [NLXANAT:090820] +def: "Layer of the entorhinal cortex that is most superficial, continuous with layer 1 of adjacent neocortex and the molecular layer of the subiculum, lying deep to the pial layer and superficial to layer 2. It is relatively acellular consisting mostly of fibers running transversely relative to the cortical surface (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)." [NLXANAT:090820] subset: defined_by_cytoarchitecture synonym: "EC layer 1" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "entorhinal cortex layer I" RELATED [NLXANAT:090820] @@ -176567,7 +176567,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the two NIFSTD classes appear to refer [Term] id: UBERON:0022337 name: entorhinal cortex layer 2 -def: "Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 3 and deep to layer 1. It is characterized by medium-to large sized stellate cells that are grouped into prominent clusters, particularly in the rostral entorhinal cortex (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)" [NLXANAT:090821] +def: "Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 3 and deep to layer 1. It is characterized by medium-to large sized stellate cells that are grouped into prominent clusters, particularly in the rostral entorhinal cortex (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474)." [NLXANAT:090821] synonym: "EC layer 2" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "entorhinal cortex layer II" RELATED [NLXANAT:090821] synonym: "layer 2 of entorhinal cortex" RELATED [NLXANAT:090821] @@ -176582,7 +176582,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 {source="nlx"} ! entorhinal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0022340 name: piriform cortex layer 2a -def: "Superficial region of layer 2 of the piriform cortex characterized by a less dense packing of cells and a concentration of semilunar cell bodies" [NLXANAT:091007] +def: "Superficial region of layer 2 of the piriform cortex characterized by a less dense packing of cells and a concentration of semilunar cell bodies." [NLXANAT:091007] subset: defined_by_cytoarchitecture synonym: "layer 2a of piriform cortex" RELATED [NLXANAT:091007] synonym: "layer IIa of piriform cortex" RELATED [NLXANAT:091007] @@ -176613,7 +176613,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004679 {source="nlx"} ! dentate gyrus molecular la [Term] id: UBERON:0022347 name: dentate gyrus molecular layer inner -def: "Inner third of the dentate gyrus" [NLXANAT:1008004] +def: "Inner third of the dentate gyrus." [NLXANAT:1008004] synonym: "DG inner stratum moleculare" RELATED [NLXANAT:1008004] synonym: "inner layer of dentate gyrus molecular layer" RELATED [NLXANAT:1008004] xref: FMA:277812 @@ -176873,7 +176873,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002317 {source="HBA"} ! white matter of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0022423 name: sagulum nucleus -def: "A collection of principally small and medium-sized cells in the midbrain tegmentum lying at the margin of the midbrain adjacent to the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus" [NLX:64080] +def: "A collection of principally small and medium-sized cells in the midbrain tegmentum lying at the margin of the midbrain adjacent to the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus." [NLX:64080] synonym: "nucleus saguli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77492, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus sagulum" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:1308] synonym: "nucleus sagulum" RELATED [NLX:64080] @@ -176891,7 +176891,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 {source="HBA"} ! midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0022424 name: supragenual nucleus of pontine tegmentum -def: "A group of neurons embedded in the pontine central gray of the pontine tegmentum. Located dorsal to the internal genu of the facial nerve, it is found in the human ( Paxinos-2012 ), the macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ), the rat ( Swanson-2004 ), and the mouse ( Franklin-2008 ). Functionally it is part of the dorsal pontine gray of the subcortical motor system ( Swanson-2004 )" [NeuroNames:1981] +def: "A group of neurons embedded in the pontine central gray of the pontine tegmentum. Located dorsal to the internal genu of the facial nerve, it is found in the human ( Paxinos-2012 ), the macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ), the rat ( Swanson-2004 ), and the mouse ( Franklin-2008 ). Functionally it is part of the dorsal pontine gray of the subcortical motor system ( Swanson-2004 )." [NeuroNames:1981] synonym: "SGe" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DHBA:12662] synonym: "supragenual nucleus" EXACT [NeuroNames:1981] xref: DHBA:12662 @@ -177019,7 +177019,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009835 {source="NIFSTD"} ! anterior cingulate cort [Term] id: UBERON:0022453 name: olfactory entorhinal cortex -def: "A part of the entorhinal area defined on the basis of connectivity. It is the rostral portion, which receives a projection from the olfactory bulb (Price-90)-Adapted from Brain Info" [BIRNLEX:2705] +def: "A part of the entorhinal area defined on the basis of connectivity. It is the rostral portion, which receives a projection from the olfactory bulb (Price-90)-Adapted from Brain Info." [BIRNLEX:2705] synonym: "EOl" RELATED ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:2705] xref: BIRNLEX:2705 xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2274 @@ -177805,7 +177805,7 @@ consider: BIRNLEX:940 [Term] id: UBERON:0023787 name: subicular complex -def: "A composite structure of the temporal lobe that includes the subiculum, the presubiculum and the parasubicular area (Amaral-90)" [BIRNLEX:944] +def: "A composite structure of the temporal lobe that includes the subiculum, the presubiculum and the parasubicular area (Amaral-90)." [BIRNLEX:944] synonym: "subicular complex" EXACT [BIRNLEX:944] synonym: "subicular complex" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:944] xref: BIRNLEX:944 @@ -177915,7 +177915,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002769 {source="NIFSTD"} ! superior temporal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0023862 name: hippocampal formation of GP94 -def: "The combined region of AmmonÕs horn, subicular complex and dentate gyrus; only fields CA1-CA3 of the hippocampus were considered to be part of the HF, field CA4 being included in the hilus of the dentate gyrus[1]" [NLX:144306] +def: "The combined region of AmmonÕs horn, subicular complex and dentate gyrus; only fields CA1-CA3 of the hippocampus were considered to be part of the HF, field CA4 being included in the hilus of the dentate gyrus[1]." [NLX:144306] synonym: "hippocampal formation of gp94" EXACT [NLX:144306] xref: NLX:144306 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain @@ -177933,7 +177933,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002691 {source="NIFSTD"} ! ventral tegmental area [Term] id: UBERON:0023867 name: islands of Calleja of olfactory tubercle -def: "Part of olfactory tubercle defined by dense aggregations of granule cells" [NLX:50741] +def: "Part of olfactory tubercle defined by dense aggregations of granule cells." [NLX:50741] synonym: "islands of calleja of olfactory tubercle" EXACT [NLX:50741] synonym: "islets of calleja" RELATED [NLX:50741] xref: NLX:50741 @@ -177971,7 +177971,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0000158 [Term] id: UBERON:0023879 name: neural system -def: "A set of neural structures that subserve a specific function, e.g., visual system" [NLXANAT:090802] +def: "A set of neural structures that subserve a specific function, e.g., visual system." [NLXANAT:090802] synonym: "neural system" EXACT [NLXANAT:090802] xref: NLXANAT:090802 is_a: UBERON:0011216 ! organ system subdivision @@ -177990,7 +177990,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0014277 {source="NIFSTD"} ! piriform cortex layer 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0023901 name: piriform cortex layer 1b -def: "Deeper part of the plexiform (layer 1) of piriform cortex characterized by projection of association fibers from other parts of the piriform cortex and other olfactory areas" [NLXANAT:091005] +def: "Deeper part of the plexiform (layer 1) of piriform cortex characterized by projection of association fibers from other parts of the piriform cortex and other olfactory areas." [NLXANAT:091005] synonym: "piriform cortex layer 1b" EXACT [NLXANAT:091005] xref: NLXANAT:091005 is_a: UBERON:0022303 ! nervous system cell part layer @@ -178006,7 +178006,7 @@ consider: NLXANAT:100305 [Term] id: UBERON:0023920 name: basal ganglia of rodent -def: "The basal ganglia of the rodent" [NLXANAT:100311] +def: "The basal ganglia of the rodent." [NLXANAT:100311] synonym: "basal ganglia of rodent" EXACT [NLXANAT:100311] synonym: "rodent basal ganglia" RELATED [NLXANAT:100311] xref: NLXANAT:100311 @@ -178034,7 +178034,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0023932 name: Sommer's sector -def: "Part of hippocampal formation comprising area CA1 and the subiculum (pg 425, Heimer, L. The human brain and spinal cord, Springer-Verlag, 1995)" [NLXANAT:1005009] +def: "Part of hippocampal formation comprising area CA1 and the subiculum (pg 425, Heimer, L. The human brain and spinal cord, Springer-Verlag, 1995)." [NLXANAT:1005009] synonym: "sommer's sector" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005009] synonym: "sommers sector" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005009] xref: NLXANAT:1005009 @@ -178053,7 +178053,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009951 ! main olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0023935 name: obsolete telencephalon of primate -def: "The telencephalon of the primate" [NLXANAT:1005012] +def: "The telencephalon of the primate." [NLXANAT:1005012] synonym: "primate telencephalon" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005012] synonym: "telencephalon of primate" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005012] is_obsolete: true @@ -178062,7 +178062,7 @@ consider: NLXANAT:1005012 [Term] id: UBERON:0023936 name: perirhinal cortex of Burwell et al 1995 -def: "Rostral portion of the parahippocampal cortex" [NLXANAT:1005013] +def: "Rostral portion of the parahippocampal cortex." [NLXANAT:1005013] synonym: "perirhinal cortex" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005013] synonym: "perirhinal cortex of burwell et al 1995" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005013] xref: NLXANAT:1005013 @@ -178071,7 +178071,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0006083 {source="NIFSTD"} ! perirhinal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0023938 name: obsolete telencephalon of rodent -def: "The telencephalon of a rodent" [NLXANAT:1005015] +def: "The telencephalon of a rodent." [NLXANAT:1005015] comment: Made obsolete as we do not add taxon-specific classes, consider using a combination of the uberon class and NCBITaxon class synonym: "rodent telencephalon" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005015] synonym: "telencephalon of rodent" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005015] @@ -178083,7 +178083,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0001893 [Term] id: UBERON:0023939 name: obsolete brain of rodent -def: "The brain of a rodent" [NLXANAT:1005016] +def: "The brain of a rodent." [NLXANAT:1005016] comment: Made obsolete as we do not add taxon-specific classes, consider using a combination of the uberon class and NCBITaxon class synonym: "brain of rodent" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005016] synonym: "rodent brain" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005016] @@ -178114,7 +178114,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "this class was inherited from NIFSTD as part of the [Term] id: UBERON:0023958 name: bed nuclei of the stria terminalis oval nucleus -def: "Part of bed nucleus of stria terminalis, comprising a distinct, large, egg-shaped collection of neurons that, together with the juxtacapsular (Ju) and rhomboid (Rh) nuclei, encompass the anterolateral area of the BST (Ju and Swanson, 1989)" [NLXANAT:1005035] +def: "Part of bed nucleus of stria terminalis, comprising a distinct, large, egg-shaped collection of neurons that, together with the juxtacapsular (Ju) and rhomboid (Rh) nuclei, encompass the anterolateral area of the BST (Ju and Swanson, 1989)." [NLXANAT:1005035] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis oval nucleus" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005035] xref: NLXANAT:1005035 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain @@ -178123,7 +178123,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 {source="NIFSTD"} ! bed nucleus of stria te [Term] id: UBERON:0023983 name: central cervical spinocerebellar tract -def: "Central cervical spinocerebellar tract" [NLXANAT:1010018] +def: "Central cervical spinocerebellar tract." [NLXANAT:1010018] synonym: "central cervical spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [NLXANAT:1010018] xref: NLXANAT:1010018 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract @@ -178132,7 +178132,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 {source="NIFSTD"} ! spinocerebellar tract [Term] id: UBERON:0023984 name: rostral spinocerebellar tract -def: "Originates from cells rostral to Clarke's column and sends uncrossed axons through the lateral funiculus to the cerebellum. It reaches the cerebellum partly through the brachium conjunctivum and partly through the restiform body, terminating bilaterally in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum" [NLXANAT:1010019] +def: "Originates from cells rostral to Clarke's column and sends uncrossed axons through the lateral funiculus to the cerebellum. It reaches the cerebellum partly through the brachium conjunctivum and partly through the restiform body, terminating bilaterally in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum." [NLXANAT:1010019] synonym: "rostral spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [NLXANAT:1010019] xref: NLXANAT:1010019 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract @@ -178747,7 +178747,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0024940 name: ganglion part of peripheral nervous system -def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)" [BIRNLEX:2548] +def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)." [BIRNLEX:2548] synonym: "ganglion part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [BIRNLEX:2548] synonym: "ganglion part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:2548] xref: BIRNLEX:2548 @@ -179029,7 +179029,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0023879 {source="NIFSTD"} ! neural system [Term] id: UBERON:0025581 name: perirhinal cortex of primate of Burwell et al 1995 -def: "Cortical region near the rhinal sulcus in primate encompassing Brodmann's areas 35 and 36" [NLXANAT:1005014] +def: "Cortical region near the rhinal sulcus in primate encompassing Brodmann's areas 35 and 36." [NLXANAT:1005014] synonym: "perirhinal cortex of primate" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "perirhinal cortex of primate of burwell et al 1995" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005014] synonym: "primate perirhinal cortex" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] @@ -179039,7 +179039,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0023936 {source="NIFSTD"} ! perirhinal cortex of Burwell et al 1995 [Term] id: UBERON:0025584 name: perirhinal cortex of rodent of Burwell et al 1995 -def: "Cortical region surrounding the posterior rhinal sulcus in the rat, encompassing areas 35 and 36 in the rat. Rostraly, it abuts the posterior insular cortex" [NLXANAT:1005017] +def: "Cortical region surrounding the posterior rhinal sulcus in the rat, encompassing areas 35 and 36 in the rat. Rostraly, it abuts the posterior insular cortex." [NLXANAT:1005017] synonym: "perirhinal cortex of rodent" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005017] synonym: "perirhinal cortex of rodent of burwell et al 1995" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005017] synonym: "rodent perirhinal cortex" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005017] @@ -179262,7 +179262,7 @@ consider: BIRNLEX:1149 [Term] id: UBERON:0025903 name: principal sulcus -def: "Sulcus in the frontal lobe of the macaque. (Brain Info)" [BIRNLEX:1154] +def: "Sulcus in the frontal lobe of the macaque. (Brain Info)." [BIRNLEX:1154] synonym: "principal sulcus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1154] synonym: "principal sulcus" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:1154] xref: BIRNLEX:1154 @@ -179593,7 +179593,7 @@ consider: BIRNLEX:2541 [Term] id: UBERON:0026584 name: tympanic canal -def: "A minute canal that passes from the petrous portion of the temporal bone between the jugular fossa and carotid canal to the floor of the tympanic cavity and transmits the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve" [http://www.dictionary.com/browse/tympanic-canal] +def: "A minute canal that passes from the petrous portion of the temporal bone between the jugular fossa and carotid canal to the floor of the tympanic cavity and transmits the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve." [http://www.dictionary.com/browse/tympanic-canal] synonym: "canaliculus tympanicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "jacobson's canaliculus" EXACT [FMA:56460] synonym: "tympanic canal" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:2561] @@ -179688,7 +179688,7 @@ consider: BIRNLEX:4007 [Term] id: UBERON:0026721 name: medial precentral sulcus -def: "A superficial feature of the frontal lobe that extends from the dorsal surface onto the medial surface of the superior frontal gyrus (Ono-90). (NN)" [BIRNLEX:4008] +def: "A superficial feature of the frontal lobe that extends from the dorsal surface onto the medial surface of the superior frontal gyrus (Ono-90). (NN)." [BIRNLEX:4008] synonym: "medial precentral sulcus" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4008] xref: BIRNLEX:4008 xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1610 @@ -179698,7 +179698,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0016525 ! frontal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0026722 name: transverse parietal sulcus -def: "A sulcus in the human parietal lobe that branches dorsally from the intraparietal sulcus (Savel'ev-96). (NN)" [BIRNLEX:4009] +def: "A sulcus in the human parietal lobe that branches dorsally from the intraparietal sulcus (Savel'ev-96). (NN)." [BIRNLEX:4009] synonym: "transverse parietal sulcus" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4009] synonym: "transverse parietal sulcus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4009] xref: BIRNLEX:4009 @@ -179718,7 +179718,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0026724 name: superior parietal sulcus -def: "A superficial feature of the parietal lobe that extends from the dorsal surface of the superior parietal lobule across the margin of the parietal lobe into the precuneus (Ono-90). (NN)" [BIRNLEX:4011] +def: "A superficial feature of the parietal lobe that extends from the dorsal surface of the superior parietal lobule across the margin of the parietal lobe into the precuneus (Ono-90). (NN)." [BIRNLEX:4011] synonym: "superior parietal sulcus" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4011] synonym: "superior parietal sulcus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4011] xref: BIRNLEX:4011 @@ -179729,7 +179729,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0026725 name: angular sulcus -def: "A superficial feature of the parietal lobe. It is the portion of the superior temporal sulcus that extends into the angular gyrus (Ono-90). (NN)" [BIRNLEX:4012] +def: "A superficial feature of the parietal lobe. It is the portion of the superior temporal sulcus that extends into the angular gyrus (Ono-90). (NN)." [BIRNLEX:4012] synonym: "angular sulcus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4012] synonym: "angular sulcus" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4012] xref: BIRNLEX:4012 @@ -179779,7 +179779,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0026775 name: Tootell and Hadjikhani (2001) LOC/LOP complex -def: "Cortical parcel in occipital cortex of human according to Tootell and Hadjikhani 2001 that is activated preferentially by more peripheral stimuli compared to the adjacent lateral occipital central parcel" [BIRNLEX:4062] +def: "Cortical parcel in occipital cortex of human according to Tootell and Hadjikhani 2001 that is activated preferentially by more peripheral stimuli compared to the adjacent lateral occipital central parcel." [BIRNLEX:4062] synonym: "tootell and Hadjikhani (2001) loc/lop complex" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4062] synonym: "tootell and Hadjikhani (2001) loc/lop complex" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4062] xref: BIRNLEX:4062 @@ -179984,7 +179984,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002630 ! body of caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0027245 name: matrix part of head of caudate nucleus -def: "Matrix compartment located in the head of the caudate nucleus" [NLXANAT:1010005] +def: "Matrix compartment located in the head of the caudate nucleus." [NLXANAT:1010005] synonym: "matrix compartment of head of caudate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "matrix part of head of caudate nucleus" EXACT [NLXANAT:1010005] xref: NLXANAT:1010005 @@ -179994,7 +179994,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002626 ! head of caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0027246 name: matrix part of tail of caudate nucleus -def: "Matrix compartment located in the tail of the caudate nucleus" [NLXANAT:1010006] +def: "Matrix compartment located in the tail of the caudate nucleus." [NLXANAT:1010006] synonym: "matrix compartment of tail of caudate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "matrix part of tail of caudate nucleus" EXACT [NLXANAT:1010006] xref: NLXANAT:1010006 @@ -180661,7 +180661,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0026777 {source="NIFSTD"} ! Ongur, Price, and Ferry (2003) prefront [Term] id: UBERON:0028434 name: Ongur, Price, and Ferry (2003) area Ial -def: "Insula agranular lateral area" [BIRNLEX:4089] +def: "Insula agranular lateral area." [BIRNLEX:4089] synonym: "ongur, price, and ferry (2003) area ial" EXACT [BIRNLEX:4089] synonym: "ongur, price, and ferry (2003) area ial" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:4089] xref: BIRNLEX:4089 @@ -180839,7 +180839,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0027285 {source="NIFSTD"} ! paravermis lobule area [Term] id: UBERON:0029001 name: matrix compartment of caudate nucleus -def: "Matrix compartment located in the caudate nucleus" [NLXANAT:20090504] +def: "Matrix compartment located in the caudate nucleus." [NLXANAT:20090504] synonym: "matrix compartment of caudate nucleus" EXACT [NLXANAT:20090504] xref: NLXANAT:20090504 intersection_of: UBERON:0027368 ! matrix compartment @@ -181157,7 +181157,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In the mouse, Fungiform and palatal taste buds are [Term] id: UBERON:0034671 name: arcuate sulcus -def: "Composite sulcus of the frontal lobe of the macaque. Located on the dorsolateral surface, it consists of the superior ramus of the arcuate sulcus (macaque), the inferior ramus of the arcuate sulcus and the spur of the arcuate sulcus (macaque) (http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2379)" [NLX:153910] +def: "Composite sulcus of the frontal lobe of the macaque. Located on the dorsolateral surface, it consists of the superior ramus of the arcuate sulcus (macaque), the inferior ramus of the arcuate sulcus and the spur of the arcuate sulcus (macaque) (http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2379)." [NLX:153910] synonym: "arcuate sulcus" RELATED [NeuroNames:2379] synonym: "inferior precentral sulcus (Walker)" RELATED [NeuroNames:2379] synonym: "sulcus arcuata" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:2379] @@ -181326,7 +181326,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001300 ! scrotum [Term] id: UBERON:0034693 name: cremasteric artery -def: "The cremasteric artery (external spermatic artery) is a branch of the Inferior epigastric artery which accompanies the spermatic cord, and supplies the Cremaster and other coverings of the cord, anastomosing with the testicular artery (internal spermatic artery in older texts). (In the female, the cremesteric artery is very small and accompanies the round ligament.)" [Wikipedia:Cremasteric_artery] +def: "The cremasteric artery (external spermatic artery) is a branch of the Inferior epigastric artery which accompanies the spermatic cord, and supplies the Cremaster and other coverings of the cord, anastomosing with the testicular artery (internal spermatic artery in older texts). (In the female, the cremesteric artery is very small and accompanies the round ligament.)." [Wikipedia:Cremasteric_artery] synonym: "cremasteric part of inferior epigastric artery" EXACT [FMA:70192] synonym: "external spermatic artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cremasteric_artery] xref: FMA:70192 @@ -181489,7 +181489,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001995 {source="cjm"} ! fibrocartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0034713 name: cranial neuron projection bundle -def: "Any of the cranial nerves, or their central nervous system analogs (the optic tract, the epiphyseal tract). These analogs are not true nerves, and are instead evaginated sensory afferents emanating from the brain" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0471888893] +def: "Any of the cranial nerves, or their central nervous system analogs (the optic tract, the epiphyseal tract). These analogs are not true nerves, and are instead evaginated sensory afferents emanating from the brain." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0471888893] synonym: "cranial nerve fiber bundle" RELATED [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cranial nerve fiber tract" RELATED [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cranial nerve or tract" RELATED [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -181692,7 +181692,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct [Term] id: UBERON:0034736 name: coracoclavicular ligament -def: "Any ligament that connects the coracoid process with the clavicle" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any ligament that connects the coracoid process with the clavicle." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "accessory ligament of acromioclavicular joint" EXACT [FMA:26029] xref: FMA:26029 xref: SCTID:361899005 @@ -181786,7 +181786,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0014527 {source="DHBA", source="FMA"} ! posterior l [Term] id: UBERON:0034750 name: visual association cortex -def: "Part of cortex considered to function in higher level visual functions" [NLX:143553] +def: "Part of cortex considered to function in higher level visual functions." [NLX:143553] synonym: "visual association area" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "visual association cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] xref: NLX:143553 @@ -181859,7 +181859,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0022247 {source="DHBA"} ! forebrain ipsilateral fib [Term] id: UBERON:0034762 name: areolar sweat gland -def: "Any sweat gland that is part of an areola" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any sweat gland that is part of an areola." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "areolar aprocine sweat gland" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "sweat gland of areola" EXACT [FMA:62149] xref: FMA:62149 @@ -181944,7 +181944,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002366 ! bulbo-urethral gland [Term] id: UBERON:0034771 name: ventral commissural nucleus of spinal cord -def: "The term commissural nucleus of the spinal cord refers to a group of cells in the medial portion of the anterior gray column; it corresponds roughly to lamina VIII" [NeuroNames:1658] +def: "The term commissural nucleus of the spinal cord refers to a group of cells in the medial portion of the anterior gray column; it corresponds roughly to lamina VIII." [NeuroNames:1658] synonym: "commissural nucleus of spinal cord" BROAD [FMA:73900] synonym: "commissural nucleus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:73900] synonym: "commissural nucleus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:73900] @@ -182441,7 +182441,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 {source="EMAPA"} ! head id: UBERON:0034876 name: future neurohypophysis alt_id: EMAPA:16647 -def: "the outgrowth of neuroectoderm located on the floor of the embryonic hypothalamus that gives rise to the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland" [https://sourceforge.net/p/obo/mammalian-phenotype-requests/1930/, MP:0013339] +def: "the outgrowth of neuroectoderm located on the floor of the embryonic hypothalamus that gives rise to the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland." [https://sourceforge.net/p/obo/mammalian-phenotype-requests/1930/, MP:0013339] synonym: "neurohypohysial region" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004434] synonym: "neurohypophyseal bud" RELATED [MP:0013339] xref: EHDAA2:0004434 @@ -182454,7 +182454,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034875 {source="EMAPA"} ! future pituitary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0034877 name: angioblastic cord -def: "the cordlike masses of splanchnic mesenchymal cells ventral to the primordial pericardial coelom that arrange themselves side by side to form the primordia of the endocardial heart tubes" [MP:0012500] +def: "the cordlike masses of splanchnic mesenchymal cells ventral to the primordial pericardial coelom that arrange themselves side by side to form the primordia of the endocardial heart tubes." [MP:0012500] synonym: "angiogenic cell cluster" EXACT [] xref: NCIT:C34106 xref: UMLS:C1515990 @@ -182466,7 +182466,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "day 18 [CS08] in human[https://embryology.med.unsw. [Term] id: UBERON:0034878 name: prechordal mesoderm -def: "the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate" [MGI:anna] +def: "the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate." [MGI:anna] synonym: "prechordal mesenchyme" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure intersection_of: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0003063 ! prechordal plate @@ -182529,7 +182529,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002022 ! insula [Term] id: UBERON:0034892 name: granular insular cortex -def: "Granular region of the insular cortex" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Granular region of the insular cortex." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "area Ig of Mesulam" RELATED [NeuroNames:1192] synonym: "cortex insularis granularis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:1192] synonym: "granular domain" RELATED [NeuroNames:1192] @@ -182549,7 +182549,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034891 ! insular cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0034893 name: agranular insular cortex -def: "Agranular region of the insular cortex" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Agranular region of the insular cortex." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cortex insularis dysgranularis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:1780] synonym: "dysgranular insula" RELATED [NeuroNames:1780] synonym: "dysgranular insular area" RELATED [NeuroNames:1780] @@ -182693,7 +182693,7 @@ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0006849 ! scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0034909 name: intermaxillary suture -def: "A cranial suture in the midline of the skull that connects the left and right maxilla bones" [http://www.researchgate.net/publication/255909975_Relationship_between_intermaxillary_suture_and_midline_diastema, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-4463] +def: "A cranial suture in the midline of the skull that connects the left and right maxilla bones." [http://www.researchgate.net/publication/255909975_Relationship_between_intermaxillary_suture_and_midline_diastema, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-4463] comment: in humans, the upper maxillae (the upper jaw) is composed of the right and left maxilla bones, which are fused in the midline at the intermaxillary suture to form the upper jaw.[https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-4463] synonym: "intermaxillary suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52963] xref: FMA:52963 @@ -182843,7 +182843,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "the auricular feathers play a role in hearing by [Term] id: UBERON:0034931 name: perforant path -def: "A pathway of fibers originating in the lateral part of the entorhinal area, perforating the subiculum of the hippocampus, and running into the stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, where these fibers synapse with others that go to the dentate gyrus. (Dorland, 28th ed)" [MESH:A08.612.600] +def: "A pathway of fibers originating in the lateral part of the entorhinal area, perforating the subiculum of the hippocampus, and running into the stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, where these fibers synapse with others that go to the dentate gyrus. (Dorland, 28th ed)." [MESH:A08.612.600] synonym: "perf" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DHBA:12080] synonym: "perforant path" RELATED [MESH:A08.612.600] synonym: "perforant pathway" RELATED [MESH:A08.612.600] @@ -182895,7 +182895,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in humans, the ducts of posterior superficial lingu [Term] id: UBERON:0034935 name: pars plicata of ciliary body -def: "Corrugated anterior region of ciliary body where ciliary processes arise" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Corrugated anterior region of ciliary body where ciliary processes arise." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "ciliary crown" EXACT [FMA:58431] synonym: "corona ciliaris" EXACT [FMA:58431] xref: FMA:58431 @@ -182906,7 +182906,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 {source="FMA"} ! ciliary body [Term] id: UBERON:0034936 name: pars plana of ciliary body -def: "Flattened posterior region of ciliary body" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Flattened posterior region of ciliary body." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "ciliary ring" EXACT [FMA:58480] synonym: "orbiculus ciliaris" EXACT [FMA:58480] xref: FMA:58480 @@ -183093,7 +183093,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006558 {source="VHOG"} ! lymphatic part of lymphoi [Term] id: UBERON:0034958 name: retroperitoneal embryonic lymph sac -def: "An embryonic lymph sac that forms in the root of the mesentery on the posterior abdominal wall" [https://discovery.lifemapsc.com/library/review-of-medical-embryology/chapter-128-development-of-the-lymphatic-system, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1383] +def: "An embryonic lymph sac that forms in the root of the mesentery on the posterior abdominal wall." [https://discovery.lifemapsc.com/library/review-of-medical-embryology/chapter-128-development-of-the-lymphatic-system, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1383] xref: NCIT:C34285 xref: UMLS:C1514922 is_a: UBERON:0034953 ! embryonic lymph sac @@ -183115,7 +183115,7 @@ intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multicellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0034961 name: embryonic lymph heart -def: "A lymph heart that is part of an embryo" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A lymph heart that is part of an embryo." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0015202 ! lymph heart intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: taxon_notes "Avian embryos have a pair of lymph hearts that return lymph in ovo from the extraembryonic membranes (120). These hearts partially degenerate after hatching (9)[DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013]" xsd:string @@ -183123,7 +183123,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Avian embryos have a pair of lymph hearts that retu [Term] id: UBERON:0034962 name: copulatory lymph heart -def: "A lymph heart that assists in the return of lymph from the penis to the venous system" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A lymph heart that assists in the return of lymph from the penis to the venous system." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0015202 ! lymph heart property_value: taxon_notes "Flightless ratite birds apparently use a lymphatic pressure mechanism, rather than a blood vascular mechanism, for penile erection[DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013]" xsd:string @@ -183210,7 +183210,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034980 {source="cjm"} ! jugular bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0034978 name: paraganglion (generic) -def: "A cluster of neuroendocrine cells derived from neural crest. Paraganglia may be chromaffin or nonchromaffin" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Paraganglion] +def: "A cluster of neuroendocrine cells derived from neural crest. Paraganglia may be chromaffin or nonchromaffin." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Paraganglion] synonym: "paraganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: FMA:15648 xref: SCTID:281695005 @@ -183627,7 +183627,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034673 ! amygdalohippocampal area [Term] id: UBERON:0035032 name: abdominal oblique muscle -def: "Either the external or internal abdominal oblique muscles" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "Either the external or internal abdominal oblique muscles." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "oblique abdominal muscle" EXACT [MA:0003024] xref: EMAPA:35603 xref: MA:0003024 @@ -183737,7 +183737,7 @@ relationship: supplies UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0035044 name: olfactory cortex layer 3 -def: "Deepest layer of olfactory cortex" [NLX:152611] +def: "Deepest layer of olfactory cortex." [NLX:152611] xref: NLX:152611 intersection_of: UBERON:0022303 ! nervous system cell part layer intersection_of: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0022318 ! olfactory cortex layer 2 @@ -183819,7 +183819,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035076 name: parotid gland myoepithelium -def: "epithelium that consists of stellate-shaped contractile cells with long dendritic processes that surround the secretory acini and intercalated ducts of the parotid gland, usually found in the glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells; they display features of both smooth muscle and epithelium, such as numerous microfilaments with focal densities in the cytoplasmic processes, and desmosomes which attach them to the epithelial cells; their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells" [MGI:anna] +def: "epithelium that consists of stellate-shaped contractile cells with long dendritic processes that surround the secretory acini and intercalated ducts of the parotid gland, usually found in the glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells; they display features of both smooth muscle and epithelium, such as numerous microfilaments with focal densities in the cytoplasmic processes, and desmosomes which attach them to the epithelial cells; their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells." [MGI:anna] xref: EMAPA:37934 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0000420 ! myoepithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland @@ -183827,7 +183827,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035077 name: lateral nasal gland -def: "Any of the lateral nasal glands (the largest nasal secretory glands in rodents) which surround the maxillary sinus located in the lateral wall adjacent to each nasal passage and are characterized by cytologic features similar to those described for the major serous salivary glands; secretory contents of the LNG drain into the nasal vestibule; the LNG is a major site for the synthesis and secretion of odorant-binding proteins that serve as odorant carriers in nasal mucus; it also, synthesizes large amounts of immunoglobulin A, which is important for immune defense of the upper respiratory tract, and testosterone and salivary androgen-binding proteins, which are likely important in olfaction and reproductive behavior" [MP:0013582] +def: "Any of the lateral nasal glands (the largest nasal secretory glands in rodents) which surround the maxillary sinus located in the lateral wall adjacent to each nasal passage and are characterized by cytologic features similar to those described for the major serous salivary glands; secretory contents of the LNG drain into the nasal vestibule; the LNG is a major site for the synthesis and secretion of odorant-binding proteins that serve as odorant carriers in nasal mucus; it also, synthesizes large amounts of immunoglobulin A, which is important for immune defense of the upper respiratory tract, and testosterone and salivary androgen-binding proteins, which are likely important in olfaction and reproductive behavior." [MP:0013582] synonym: "glandula nasalis lateralis" EXACT LATIN [MP:0013582] synonym: "LNG" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MP:0013582] synonym: "Steno gland" EXACT [MP:0013582] @@ -183840,7 +183840,7 @@ relationship: site_of GO:0002378 [Term] id: UBERON:0035078 name: parotid gland interlobular duct -def: "Any of the excretory ducts of the parotid gland which are found in the connective tissue septa i.e. between lobules" [MP:0013749] +def: "Any of the excretory ducts of the parotid gland which are found in the connective tissue septa i.e. between lobules." [MP:0013749] intersection_of: UBERON:0014716 ! interlobular duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland @@ -183964,7 +183964,7 @@ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0010742 ! bone of pelvic complex [Term] id: UBERON:0035092 name: spinalis caudalis muscle -def: "A muscle that originates via thin tendons from the proximal and dorsal aspects of the neural spines and inserts via fleshy fibers onto the lateral aspect of the base of the neural arch" [PMID:22753107] +def: "A muscle that originates via thin tendons from the proximal and dorsal aspects of the neural spines and inserts via fleshy fibers onto the lateral aspect of the base of the neural arch." [PMID:22753107] synonym: "M. spinalis caudalis" EXACT [] synonym: "spinalis caudalis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ @@ -184056,7 +184056,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "Like that of m. transversus penis, the function [Term] id: UBERON:0035102 name: transverse process of caudal vertebra -def: "A transverse process that is part of a caudal vertebra" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A transverse process that is part of a caudal vertebra." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra @@ -184248,7 +184248,7 @@ relationship: intersects_midsagittal_plane_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0035120 name: fauces -def: "lateral walls of the oropharynx that are located medial to the palatoglossal folds" [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] +def: "lateral walls of the oropharynx that are located medial to the palatoglossal folds." [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] xref: FMA:55019 xref: SCTID:361362001 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall @@ -184257,7 +184257,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0035122 name: interincisive suture -def: "median palatine suture of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones, and the median suture of the palatine bones" [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] +def: "median palatine suture of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones, and the median suture of the palatine bones." [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] synonym: "incisive suture" RELATED [FMA:75777] synonym: "midline of hard palate" RELATED [] xref: FMA:75777 @@ -184305,7 +184305,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0035127 name: suture of hard palate -def: "Any of the sutures of the hard palate" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/palatine%20suture] +def: "Any of the sutures of the hard palate." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/palatine%20suture] synonym: "palatine suture" EXACT [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/palatine%20suture] intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate @@ -184409,7 +184409,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005299 ! prepuce of clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0035144 name: preputial space -def: "space between the prepuce and glans penis or clitoris" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "space between the prepuce and glans penis or clitoris." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "preputial cavity" EXACT [FMA:28606] xref: FMA:28606 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space @@ -184430,7 +184430,7 @@ intersection_of: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0035145 ! nucleus sacci vasculosi [Term] id: UBERON:0035147 name: axochord -def: "A medial muscle found in the ventral midline of annelid embryos" [BGEE:AN, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/574, PMID:25214631] +def: "A medial muscle found in the ventral midline of annelid embryos." [BGEE:AN, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/574, PMID:25214631] is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: intersects_midsagittal_plane_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6340 ! Annelida @@ -184440,7 +184440,7 @@ relationship: transformation_of UBERON:0035148 ! presumptive axochord [Term] id: UBERON:0035148 name: presumptive axochord -def: "Contractile mesodermal midline cells in the ventral midline of annelid embryos that give rise to the axochord" [BGEE:AN, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/574, PMID:25214631] +def: "Contractile mesodermal midline cells in the ventral midline of annelid embryos that give rise to the axochord." [BGEE:AN, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/574, PMID:25214631] synonym: "axochord pre-muscle mass" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0005865 ! pre-muscle condensation intersection_of: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0035147 ! axochord @@ -185766,7 +185766,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0035498 name: gastrophrenic ligament -def: "the portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrophrenic+ligament] +def: "the portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrophrenic+ligament] xref: FMA:16518 xref: NCIT:C32670 xref: SCTID:260725009 @@ -186046,7 +186046,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0035551 ! deep vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0035553 name: left cardiac chamber -def: "Any chamber of the left side of the heart" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any chamber of the left side of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: FMA:7166 xref: SCTID:362008007 intersection_of: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber @@ -186055,7 +186055,7 @@ intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0035554 name: right cardiac chamber -def: "Any chamber of the right side of the heart" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Any chamber of the right side of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: FMA:7165 xref: SCTID:362007002 intersection_of: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber @@ -186380,7 +186380,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001908 ! optic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0035596 name: circular nucleus of antherior hypothalamic nucleus -def: "A group of cells located in the central part of the anterior hypothalamic nucleus in the anterior hypothalamic region of the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ). Functionally it belongs to the magnocellular neuroendocrine cell groups of the subcortical motor system ( Swanson-2004 )" [NeuroNames:1853] +def: "A group of cells located in the central part of the anterior hypothalamic nucleus in the anterior hypothalamic region of the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ). Functionally it belongs to the magnocellular neuroendocrine cell groups of the subcortical motor system ( Swanson-2004 )." [NeuroNames:1853] comment: group of magnocellular elements arranged in a ring around a capillary bed. The cells are predominantly monopolar, tightly packed, and are flattened at the outer border of the ring. The entire nucleus is surrounded or encapsulated by myelinated fibers, hypothesized to be an osmoreceptor[PMID:974791] synonym: "circular nucleus" RELATED [NeuroNames:1853] synonym: "NC" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MBA:432] @@ -186435,7 +186435,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001675 ! trigeminal ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0035602 name: collar nerve cord -def: "A nerve tract found in marine worms that is located in the collar body region (three body regions in marine worms: proboscis, collar (extending into tentacle-fringed arms) and trunk)" [Bgee:AN, PMID:25903626] +def: "A nerve tract found in marine worms that is located in the collar body region (three body regions in marine worms: proboscis, collar (extending into tentacle-fringed arms) and trunk)." [Bgee:AN, PMID:25903626] is_a: UBERON:0005053 ! primary nerve cord relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10220 ! Enteropneusta relationship: part_of UBERON:0035604 ! enteropneust collar @@ -186617,7 +186617,7 @@ intersection_of: in_outermost_side_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast [Term] id: UBERON:0035639 name: ocular adnexa -def: "The parts of the orbital region that are outside of the the eyeball, including the lacrimal apparatus, the extraocular muscles and the eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows and the conjunctiva" [HPO:pr, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ocular+adnexa, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1132, UBERON:cjm] +def: "The parts of the orbital region that are outside of the the eyeball, including the lacrimal apparatus, the extraocular muscles and the eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows and the conjunctiva." [HPO:pr, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ocular+adnexa, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1132, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "accessory parts of orbital region" RELATED [] synonym: "accessory visual structures" RELATED [Wikipedia:Accessory_visual_structures] synonym: "accessory visual structures" RELATED [FMA:76554] @@ -186726,7 +186726,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0035652 name: fibular nerve -def: "Any nerve that innervates the fibularis. Includes the common fibular nerve, and its branches" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "Any nerve that innervates the fibularis. Includes the common fibular nerve, and its branches." [UBERON:cjm] subset: grouping_class synonym: "peroneal nerve" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:36511 @@ -187025,7 +187025,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "we place submandibular triangle from FM [Term] id: UBERON:0035776 name: accessory ciliary ganglion -def: "A parasympathetic ganglion located on the short ciliary nerve differentiated from the main ciliary ganglion by virtue of the fact that it had no root derived directly from the inferior trunk of the oculomotor nerve and it never attaches to this nerve" [PMID:2802184] +def: "A parasympathetic ganglion located on the short ciliary nerve differentiated from the main ciliary ganglion by virtue of the fact that it had no root derived directly from the inferior trunk of the oculomotor nerve and it never attaches to this nerve." [PMID:2802184] is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion relationship: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0022302 ! short ciliary nerve relationship: mutually_spatially_disjoint_with UBERON:0001643 ! oculomotor nerve @@ -187035,7 +187035,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "tested for and found to be present in pig, sika dee [Term] id: UBERON:0035783 name: ganglion of ciliary nerve -def: "Any parasympathetic ganglion that extends fibers into the short ciliary nerve. Includes both the main and acccessory ciliary ganglia" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "Any parasympathetic ganglion that extends fibers into the short ciliary nerve. Includes both the main and acccessory ciliary ganglia." [UBERON:cjm] intersection_of: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion intersection_of: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0022302 ! short ciliary nerve union_of: UBERON:0002058 ! main ciliary ganglion @@ -187095,7 +187095,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003883 ! CA3 field of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0035802 name: alveus of CA2 field -def: "Part of alveus lying within hippocampal sector CA2" [UBERON:cjm] +def: "Part of alveus lying within hippocampal sector CA2." [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:277876 intersection_of: UBERON:0035787 ! layer of CA2 field intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007639 ! hippocampus alveus @@ -187137,7 +187137,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! presumptive gut [Term] id: UBERON:0035805 name: muscle layer of sigmoid colon -def: "A muscle layer that is part of the sigmoid colon" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1162] +def: "A muscle layer that is part of the sigmoid colon." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1162] synonym: "muscularis externa of sigmoid colon" EXACT [FMA:15028] synonym: "muscularis propria of sigmoid colon" EXACT [] synonym: "sigmoid colon muscularis propria" EXACT [] @@ -187238,7 +187238,7 @@ relationship: located_in UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0035825 name: left adrenal gland cortex -def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "cortex of left adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69089] synonym: "cortex of left suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69089] synonym: "left adrenal cortex" EXACT [FMA:69089] @@ -187250,7 +187250,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001234 ! left adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035826 name: left adrenal gland medulla -def: "the adrenal gland medulla that is in the left side of the abdomen" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "the adrenal gland medulla that is in the left side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "left adrenal medulla" EXACT [FMA:69092] synonym: "medulla of left adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69092] synonym: "medulla of left suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69092] @@ -187262,7 +187262,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001234 ! left adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035827 name: right adrenal gland cortex -def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "cortex of right adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69088] synonym: "cortex of right suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69088] synonym: "right adrenal cortex" EXACT [FMA:69088] @@ -187274,7 +187274,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001233 ! right adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035828 name: right adrenal gland medulla -def: "the adrenal gland medulla that is in the right side of the abdomen" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "the adrenal gland medulla that is in the right side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "medulla of right adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69091] synonym: "medulla of right suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69091] synonym: "right adrenal medulla" EXACT [FMA:69091] @@ -187585,7 +187585,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 {source="MGI:csmith"} ! epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0035879 name: frontomaxillary suture -def: "A suture between the frontal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/frontomaxillary+suture] +def: "A suture between the frontal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/frontomaxillary+suture] synonym: "frontomaxillary suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52950] synonym: "sutura frontomaxillaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:52950 @@ -187846,7 +187846,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0035912 {source="MBA"} ! rostrolateral visual area [Term] id: UBERON:0035922 name: intraculminate fissure of cerebellum -def: "A fissure that divides the culmen lobule (lobules IV and V)" [MP:000999, PMID:1953602, UBERON:cjm] +def: "A fissure that divides the culmen lobule (lobules IV and V)." [MP:000999, PMID:1953602, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fissura intraculminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "ICF" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DHBA:266441729] synonym: "intraculminate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83737] @@ -188013,7 +188013,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0035933 {source="FMA"} ! paracentral lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0035935 name: Meyer's loop of optic radiation -def: "part of the optic radiation which sweeps back on itself into the temporal lobe, just lateral to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. " [http://radiopaedia.org/articles/meyer-loop] +def: "part of the optic radiation which sweeps back on itself into the temporal lobe, just lateral to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. ." [http://radiopaedia.org/articles/meyer-loop] synonym: "inferior optic radiation" EXACT [NeuroNames:1466] synonym: "Meyer's loop" EXACT [] synonym: "or-lp" RELATED ABBREVIATION [HBA:265505214] @@ -188144,7 +188144,7 @@ intersection_of: starts UBERON:0007221 ! neonate stage [Term] id: UBERON:0035955 name: obsolete cerebrum -def: "Historically the term cerebrum has been used for several different parts of the CNS including the whole brain, the cerebral hemispheres and the sum of cerebral cortex and adjacent cerebral white matter. A thorough discussion of the definitional history is to be found in Anthoney-1994" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2068, http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/Source.aspx?ID=118&questID=2068] +def: "Historically the term cerebrum has been used for several different parts of the CNS including the whole brain, the cerebral hemispheres and the sum of cerebral cortex and adjacent cerebral white matter. A thorough discussion of the definitional history is to be found in Anthoney-1994." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2068, http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/Source.aspx?ID=118&questID=2068] is_obsolete: true consider: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2068 consider: UBERON:0001869 @@ -188153,7 +188153,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0001893 [Term] id: UBERON:0035956 name: epididymal lumen -def: "The lumen of the epididymis" [GOC:DOS, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1209] +def: "The lumen of the epididymis." [GOC:DOS, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1209] synonym: "epididymis lumen" EXACT [FMA:18274] synonym: "lumen of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18274] xref: FMA:18274 @@ -188326,7 +188326,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="BTO"} ! hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0035971 name: postsubiculum -def: "Division of subicular cortex characterized by projections from the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus and to a lesser extent the anteroventral nucleus, bordered ventrally and laterally by the presubiculum and dorsally and medially by the retrosplenial granular a cortex.. The border is characterized by an abrupt change in the cyto- and chemoarchitecture" [NLX:144245] +def: "Division of subicular cortex characterized by projections from the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus and to a lesser extent the anteroventral nucleus, bordered ventrally and laterally by the presubiculum and dorsally and medially by the retrosplenial granular a cortex.. The border is characterized by an abrupt change in the cyto- and chemoarchitecture." [NLX:144245] synonym: "POST" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MBA:1037] synonym: "postsubicular cortex" RELATED [NLX:144245] xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1105 @@ -188400,7 +188400,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 {source="NIFSTD"} ! lateral geniculate body [Term] id: UBERON:0035976 name: accessory abducens nucleus -def: "A small cluster of neurons in the pontine reticular formation in some mammals, containing the majority of motoneurons innervating thenretractor bulbi muscles of the eye" [NLX:144454] +def: "A small cluster of neurons in the pontine reticular formation in some mammals, containing the majority of motoneurons innervating thenretractor bulbi muscles of the eye." [NLX:144454] synonym: "ACVI" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MBA:568] xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1860 xref: MBA:568 @@ -188425,7 +188425,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002892 ! medial amygdaloid nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0035999 name: dopaminergic cell groups -def: "collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter dopamine ( Fuxe-1970 )" [NeuroNames:3138] +def: "collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter dopamine ( Fuxe-1970 )." [NeuroNames:3138] synonym: "DA cell groups" RELATED [NeuroNames:3138] synonym: "dopaminergic cell groups" RELATED [NeuroNames:3138] synonym: "dopaminergic nuclei" RELATED [NeuroNames:3138] @@ -188499,7 +188499,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0035999 ! dopaminergic cell groups [Term] id: UBERON:0036007 name: A13 dopaminergic cell group -def: "A group of cells that fluoresce for dopamine and are distributed in clusters that, in the primate, are ventral and medial to the mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus; a few extend into the reuniens nucleus of the thalamus (Felten-1983). In the mouse A13 is located ventral to the mammillothalamic tract of the thalamus in the zona incerta (adapted from Brain Info)" [NLX:91101] +def: "A group of cells that fluoresce for dopamine and are distributed in clusters that, in the primate, are ventral and medial to the mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus; a few extend into the reuniens nucleus of the thalamus (Felten-1983). In the mouse A13 is located ventral to the mammillothalamic tract of the thalamus in the zona incerta (adapted from Brain Info)." [NLX:91101] synonym: "A13" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MBA:796] synonym: "A13 cell group" RELATED [NeuroNames:1851] synonym: "A13 dopamine cells" RELATED [NeuroNames:1851] @@ -188738,7 +188738,7 @@ intersection_of: transformation_of UBERON:0036069 ! tracheoesophageal fold [Term] id: UBERON:0036071 name: diaphragmaticus muscle -def: "A skeletal muscle found in crocodilians that is analogous to the diaphragm of mammals" [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1229, PMID:22323207] +def: "A skeletal muscle found in crocodilians that is analogous to the diaphragm of mammals." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1229, PMID:22323207] synonym: "diaphragmaticus" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0014892 ! skeletal muscle organ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:1294634 ! Crocodylia @@ -188791,7 +188791,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0000375 {source="FMA"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0036144 name: incisive duct -def: "an infrequent rudimentary duct, or protrusion of the mucous membrane into the incisive canal, on either side of the anterior extremity of the nasal crest" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incisive+duct] +def: "an infrequent rudimentary duct, or protrusion of the mucous membrane into the incisive canal, on either side of the anterior extremity of the nasal crest." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incisive+duct] comment: Taxon notes notes: In domestic mammals the Ductus incisivus is considerably better developed than in man. It is not accommodated in a Canalis incisivus, as in man, but in the Fissura palatina[NOMINA ANATOMICA VETERINARIA (2005)] synonym: "ductus incisivus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:77282 @@ -188819,7 +188819,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0036147 name: oral siphon muscle -def: "A muscle that is part of an oral siphon" [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7548/full/nature14435.html, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1265] +def: "A muscle that is part of an oral siphon." [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7548/full/nature14435.html, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1265] synonym: "buccal siphon muscle" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009720 ! oral siphon @@ -189096,7 +189096,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "he coelomic fluid serves several functions; it a [Term] id: UBERON:0036218 name: secondary prosencephalon -def: "The most anterior region of the forebrain including both the telencephalon and the hypothalamus in the prosomeric model" [DOI:10.1111/dgd.12348, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1322] +def: "The most anterior region of the forebrain including both the telencephalon and the hypothalamus in the prosomeric model." [DOI:10.1111/dgd.12348, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1322] comment: may contain the optic recess region (ORR) in the new model proposed by Yamamoto et al. 2017 (see https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28470718) synonym: "SP" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DMBA:15567] xref: DMBA:15567 @@ -189385,7 +189385,7 @@ intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0036270 name: epihyoideum -def: "an elastic ligament lying between the lateral pharyngeal muscles and the thyroglossus muscle" [PMCID:PMC1570911] +def: "an elastic ligament lying between the lateral pharyngeal muscles and the thyroglossus muscle." [PMCID:PMC1570911] is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:338153 ! Pantherinae @@ -191268,7 +191268,7 @@ creation_date: 2012-02-05T05:23:01Z [Term] id: UBERON:1000022 name: Zymbal's gland -def: "A multilobulated modified sebaceous gland that is located at the base of the external ear, lined by stratified squamous epithelium, and secretes into the auditory canal" [http://ctrgenpath.net/static/atlas/mousehistology/Windows/senses/zymbalgland.html, ISBN:0123813611, MP:0013384] +def: "A multilobulated modified sebaceous gland that is located at the base of the external ear, lined by stratified squamous epithelium, and secretes into the auditory canal." [http://ctrgenpath.net/static/atlas/mousehistology/Windows/senses/zymbalgland.html, ISBN:0123813611, MP:0013384] synonym: "auditory sebaceous gland" RELATED [ISBN:0123813611] synonym: "gland of Zymbal" RELATED [] synonym: "Zymbal gland" RELATED [MA:0002900] @@ -191654,7 +191654,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000089 name: actinotrichium -def: "Elastoidin fin ray that is slender, sometimes branched distally and present in the embryonic fin fold. Actinotrichia are translucent and exhibit birefringence. " [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/129, PHENOSCAPE:pm] +def: "Elastoidin fin ray that is slender, sometimes branched distally and present in the embryonic fin fold. Actinotrichia are translucent and exhibit birefringence. ." [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/129, PHENOSCAPE:pm] comment: Actinotrichia are required for lepidotrichium development. They are occasionally retained in adult fishes. Further taxon comments from Witten & Huysseune (2007): 'Actinotrichia are found in the embryonic fin fold, along the outer edge of the fin in Actinopterygii, and in the adipose fin in teleosts (Starck 1979; Géraudie and Meunier 1982; Becerra et al. 1983). Only in polypterids has their presence been reported in the joints between adjacent lepidotrichial elements (Géraudie 1988). In the sarcopterygian lineage, actinotrichia are present in coelacanths (Géraudie and Meunier 1980) and in young dipnoans (Arratia et al. 2001).' synonym: "actinotrichia" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000089] xref: ZFA:0000089 @@ -191788,7 +191788,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system [Term] id: UBERON:2000125 name: mandibular lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the mandibular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the mandibular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast mandibular" EXACT [TAO:0000125] synonym: "neuromasts mandibular" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000125] xref: ZFA:0000125 @@ -191815,7 +191815,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000136 name: otic lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the otic lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the otic lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast otic" EXACT [TAO:0000136] synonym: "neuromasts otic" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000136] xref: ZFA:0000136 @@ -191827,7 +191827,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000139 name: immature otolith -def: "Brightly refractile stone-like organ within the otic vesicle and positioned over a sensory macula; two form in each vesicle during the late segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for otolith by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Brightly refractile stone-like organ within the otic vesicle and positioned over a sensory macula; two form in each vesicle during the late segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for otolith by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "immature otoliths" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000139] is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle @@ -191891,7 +191891,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000168 name: anterior macula -def: "Macula that is located in the developing anterior inner ear, and gives rise to the macula utricle. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Macula that is located in the developing anterior inner ear, and gives rise to the macula utricle. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "am" EXACT [TAO:0000168] xref: ZFA:0000168 is_a: UBERON:0000054 ! macula @@ -192422,7 +192422,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000259 name: mandibular lateral line -def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva consisting of 2 neuromast. One neuromast is positioned at the front edge of the jaw the second posteriorly on the mandible. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva consisting of 2 neuromast. One neuromast is positioned at the front edge of the jaw the second posteriorly on the mandible. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] xref: ZFA:0000259 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line relationship: part_of UBERON:2001470 ! anterior lateral line @@ -192550,7 +192550,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000281 name: obsolete hair cell posterior macula -def: "Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "sensory hair cells posterior macula" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000281] xref: ZFA:0000281 property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -193289,7 +193289,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000424 name: opercular lateral line -def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva positioned posteriorly to the second arch skeletal element. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva positioned posteriorly to the second arch skeletal element. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] xref: ZFA:0000424 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line relationship: part_of UBERON:2001470 ! anterior lateral line @@ -193530,7 +193530,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000464 name: otic lateral line -def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva positioned anterior to the ear. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva positioned anterior to the ear. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] xref: ZFA:0000464 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line relationship: part_of UBERON:2001470 ! anterior lateral line @@ -194070,7 +194070,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000558 name: posterior macula -def: "Macula that is located in the developing posterior inner ear, and gives rise to the macula neglecta and the macula saccule. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Macula that is located in the developing posterior inner ear, and gives rise to the macula neglecta and the macula saccule. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "pm" EXACT [TAO:0000558] synonym: "posteromedial macula" EXACT [TAO:0000558] xref: ZFA:0000558 @@ -194398,7 +194398,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000618 name: obsolete ansulate commissure -def: "A brainstem commissure that contains major crossed descending projections from both tectal lobes. " [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3496554] +def: "A brainstem commissure that contains major crossed descending projections from both tectal lobes. ." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3496554] comment: This class is present in fishes and amphibians. xref: ZFA:0000618 property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -194566,7 +194566,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000638 name: commissura rostral, pars dorsalis -def: "Part of the anterior commissure which is located immediately ventral to the supracommissural nucleus of area ventralis telencephali. " [ISBN:3764351209] +def: "Part of the anterior commissure which is located immediately ventral to the supracommissural nucleus of area ventralis telencephali. ." [ISBN:3764351209] xref: ZFA:0000638 is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure @@ -194803,7 +194803,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0005612 ! intercostal artery [Term] id: UBERON:2000678 name: obsolete hair cell anterior macula -def: "Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "sensory hair cells anterior macula" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000678] xref: ZFA:0000678 property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -195797,7 +195797,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000813 name: infraorbital lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the infraorbital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the infraorbital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast infraorbital" EXACT [TAO:0000813] synonym: "neuromasts infraorbital" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000813] xref: ZFA:0000813 @@ -195809,7 +195809,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000814 name: opercular lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the opercular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the opercular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast opercular" EXACT [TAO:0000814] synonym: "neuromasts opercular" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000814] xref: ZFA:0000814 @@ -196677,7 +196677,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000928 name: myotome somite 19 -def: "Portion of somite 19 that gives rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.>" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Portion of somite 19 that gives rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.>." [ZFIN:curator] xref: ZFA:0000928 is_a: UBERON:0003082 ! myotome relationship: part_of UBERON:2000977 ! somite 19 @@ -196766,7 +196766,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000939 name: middle lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the middle lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the middle lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] subset: efo_slim synonym: "neuromast middle" EXACT [TAO:0000939] synonym: "neuromasts middle" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000939] @@ -196779,7 +196779,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003096 ! middle lateral line [Term] id: UBERON:2000940 name: posterior lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the posterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the posterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast posterior" EXACT [TAO:0000940] synonym: "neuromasts posterior" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000940] xref: ZFA:0000940 @@ -197649,7 +197649,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001052 name: primordial hindbrain channel -def: "The paired vessels that run along the lateral walls of the hindbrain and drain into the anterior cardinal veins. Isogai et al. (2002)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "The paired vessels that run along the lateral walls of the hindbrain and drain into the anterior cardinal veins. Isogai et al. (2002)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "medial head vein" EXACT [TAO:0001052] synonym: "PHCB" EXACT [TAO:0001052] xref: ZFA:0001052 @@ -197728,7 +197728,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001062 name: presumptive mesencephalic artery -def: "precursor to mesencephalic artery" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "precursor to mesencephalic artery." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim synonym: "PMsA" EXACT [TAO:0001062] synonym: "primitive mesencephalic artery" EXACT [ZFA:0001062] @@ -199750,7 +199750,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001472 name: anterior lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the anterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the anterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast anterior" EXACT [TAO:0001472] xref: ZFA:0001472 is_a: UBERON:0008904 ! neuromast @@ -202634,7 +202634,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001840 name: tip -def: "Anatomical point that is the apex of a projection or anything long and tapered; can be bony or cartilage" [TAO:wd] +def: "Anatomical point that is the apex of a projection or anything long and tapered; can be bony or cartilage." [TAO:wd] synonym: "tips" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001840] is_a: UBERON:0006983 ! anatomical point relationship: part_of UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection @@ -204856,7 +204856,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2002082 name: basal fulcrum -def: "Fulcrum that is large, laterally expanded, paired or unpaired, scale-like, and that precedes the base of a fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235" [PSPUB:0000171, TAO:GA_TG] +def: "Fulcrum that is large, laterally expanded, paired or unpaired, scale-like, and that precedes the base of a fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235." [PSPUB:0000171, TAO:GA_TG] comment: Basal fulcra may precede the median fins or both of the paired and median fins. Basal fulcra may be lanceolate, leaf-like or arrow-like in shape. The series of basal fulcra may be formed by unpaired plus paired elements depending on the fish group. Most teleosts lack basal fulcra. For additional information on basal fulcra see Arratia (2008, 2009). synonym: "basal fulcra" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0002082] is_a: UBERON:2002291 ! fulcrum @@ -206259,7 +206259,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005010 name: mid cerebral vein -def: "The mesencephalic veins (MsV) enter the mid cerebral veins (MCeV) at the dorsal midline. THe MCeVs originate at the dorsal midline, proceede lateraly in a ventral direction to drain into the paired primordial midbrain channels (PHBC). ogai et al. 2001., Kimmel et al. 1993" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "The mesencephalic veins (MsV) enter the mid cerebral veins (MCeV) at the dorsal midline. THe MCeVs originate at the dorsal midline, proceede lateraly in a ventral direction to drain into the paired primordial midbrain channels (PHBC). ogai et al. 2001., Kimmel et al. 1993." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "MCeV" EXACT [TAO:0005010] synonym: "mid-cerebral vein" EXACT [TAO:0005010] synonym: "middle cerebral vein" EXACT [TAO:0005010] @@ -206735,7 +206735,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005080 name: anterior mesenteric artery -def: "Unpaired artery departing from dorsal aorta, typically supplying the small intestine" [ISBN10:0073040584] +def: "Unpaired artery departing from dorsal aorta, typically supplying the small intestine." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "AMA" EXACT [TAO:0005080] synonym: "rostral mesenteric artery" EXACT [TAO:0005080] xref: ZFA:0005080 @@ -206793,7 +206793,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005088 name: posterior mesenteric artery -def: "Unpaired artery departing from dorsal aorta that typically supplies the large intestine" [ISBN10:0073040584] +def: "Unpaired artery departing from dorsal aorta that typically supplies the large intestine." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "caudal mesenteric artery" EXACT [TAO:0005088] synonym: "PMA" EXACT [TAO:0005088] xref: ZFA:0005088 @@ -206906,7 +206906,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005113 name: dorsal lateral line neuromast -def: "Neuromast that is part of the dorsal lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Neuromast that is part of the dorsal lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "neuromast dorsal" EXACT [TAO:0005113] xref: TAO:0005113 xref: ZFA:0005113 @@ -207787,7 +207787,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Blood vessel endothelium that has tight jun [Term] id: UBERON:2005260 name: fenestrated capillary -def: "Capillary that has pores in the endothelial cells (60-80 nm in diameter) that are spanned by a diaphragm of radially oriented fibrils and allow small molecules and limited amounts of protein to diffuse" [Wikipedia:Capillary#Types, Wikipedia:Fenestra_(histology)] +def: "Capillary that has pores in the endothelial cells (60-80 nm in diameter) that are spanned by a diaphragm of radially oriented fibrils and allow small molecules and limited amounts of protein to diffuse." [Wikipedia:Capillary#Types, Wikipedia:Fenestra_(histology)] synonym: "fenestrated blood vessel endothelium" BROAD [ZFA:0005260] synonym: "fenestrated capillary vessel" EXACT [FMA:63196] xref: FMA:63196 @@ -208035,7 +208035,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005324 name: obsolete gill ionocyte -def: "Ionocyte located in the gills" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Ionocyte located in the gills." [ZFIN:curator] xref: ZFA:0005324 property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string is_obsolete: true @@ -208066,7 +208066,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005327 name: obsolete vH ionocyte -def: "Integument ionocyte rich in vacuolar-type H+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase" [ZFIN:curator] +def: "Integument ionocyte rich in vacuolar-type H+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "HR cell" RELATED [TAO:0005327] synonym: "VH-MRC" RELATED [TAO:0005327] xref: ZFA:0005327 @@ -211026,7 +211026,7 @@ created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:3000540 name: recessus vaginiformis -def: "Is a space on the interior surface of the pars facialis of the maxilla" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Is a space on the interior surface of the pars facialis of the maxilla." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (amphibian_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -213721,7 +213721,7 @@ created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:3010093 name: villosities -def: "Small hair or nipple like projection on the integument. " [R. C. Stebbins 1951] +def: "Small hair or nipple like projection on the integument. ." [R. C. Stebbins 1951] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:3000977 ! body external integument structure created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators @@ -214428,7 +214428,7 @@ created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:3010260 name: intromittent organ (Ascaphus type) -def: "A tail like posterior extension of the cloaca supported by a pair of Nobelian rods" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A tail like posterior extension of the cloaca supported by a pair of Nobelian rods." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0008811 ! intromittent organ property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (amphibian_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators @@ -214914,7 +214914,7 @@ created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:3010380 name: outer fin tissue -def: "Part of the fin consisting of flattened epidermal cells elevated into a keel-like structure. " [PMID:15188431] +def: "Part of the fin consisting of flattened epidermal cells elevated into a keel-like structure. ." [PMID:15188431] comment: In frogs (Anura) the outer fin tissue is present only in tadpoles and sometimes during the embryogenesis of species without tadpoles. In salamanders and caecilians tail fins can persist into reproductive maturity. synonym: "outer fin" BROAD [] synonym: "outer tail fin" RELATED [] @@ -215577,7 +215577,7 @@ created_by: amphibian_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:3010602 name: granular gland -def: "A gland that contains toxic secretions within the lumen. In frogs and salamanders, this is the larger of the two types of gland, the other being the mucuous gland[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm] +def: "A gland that contains toxic secretions within the lumen. In frogs and salamanders, this is the larger of the two types of gland, the other being the mucuous gland[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "poison gland" BROAD [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (amphibian_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -217477,7 +217477,7 @@ created_by: vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:4000164 name: caudal fin -def: "The caudal fin is the most posterior median fin. It is composed of a complex of modified centra and modified neural and hemal arches and spines. " [Phenoscape:PM] +def: "The caudal fin is the most posterior median fin. It is composed of a complex of modified centra and modified neural and hemal arches and spines. ." [Phenoscape:PM] synonym: "nageoire caudale" EXACT [PSPUB:0000164] synonym: "tail" RELATED [VSAO:0000164] synonym: "tail fin" RELATED [VSAO:0000164] @@ -217893,7 +217893,7 @@ created_by: phenoscape:ad [Term] id: UBERON:4200002 name: coracoid plate -def: "Broad, convex expansion of the coracoid bone below the level of the glenoid. Based on Romer 1956" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Broad, convex expansion of the coracoid bone below the level of the glenoid. Based on Romer 1956." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004743 ! coracoid bone created_by: A.Dececchi @@ -218017,7 +218017,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200016 name: postbranchial lamina -def: "Medial facing projection or surface on the anterior ( cranial) region of the cleithrum that is often textured or denticled. This process has two primary functions: 1) its shape enhances the vertical strength of the cleithrum and 2) it forms the edge of the gill chamber and helps to direct water after it has passed over the gills (modified from Clack 2012)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Medial facing projection or surface on the anterior ( cranial) region of the cleithrum that is often textured or denticled. This process has two primary functions: 1) its shape enhances the vertical strength of the cleithrum and 2) it forms the edge of the gill chamber and helps to direct water after it has passed over the gills (modified from Clack 2012)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004741 ! cleithrum @@ -218090,7 +218090,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200024 name: obsolete suprascapular fossa -def: "Fossa located on the medial surface of the scapula above the glenoid" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Fossa located on the medial surface of the scapula above the glenoid." [PHENOSCAPE] is_obsolete: true created_by: AD @@ -218149,7 +218149,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200031 name: caudalipuboischiotibialis -def: "Muscle that is associated with tail flexion. Orginates on one of the first post sacral vertebrae posteriorly and inserts on the posterior edge of the m.puboischiotibialis. (modified from Duellman and Trueb 1994)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Muscle that is associated with tail flexion. Orginates on one of the first post sacral vertebrae posteriorly and inserts on the posterior edge of the m.puboischiotibialis. (modified from Duellman and Trueb 1994)." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: To Do: add attachment site terms to ext is_a: UBERON:0014892 ! skeletal muscle organ created_by: AD @@ -218181,7 +218181,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200036 name: internal trochanter -def: "A boney projection on the internal diaphysis of the femur anterior or medial to the intertrochanteric fossa, below the femoral head. Muscle attachment site for ventral muscle mass notably the puboischiofemoralis externus. Modified from Romer 1956" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A boney projection on the internal diaphysis of the femur anterior or medial to the intertrochanteric fossa, below the femoral head. Muscle attachment site for ventral muscle mass notably the puboischiofemoralis externus. Modified from Romer 1956." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur created_by: AD @@ -218289,7 +218289,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:4200049 name: cartilago sesamoides -def: "A sesamoid found in the found in the ligamentum calcanei of a wide variety of frogs. (based on Nussbaum, R. A. 1982" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A sesamoid found in the found in the ligamentum calcanei of a wide variety of frogs. (based on Nussbaum, R. A. 1982." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0001479 ! sesamoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000211 ! ligament created_by: AD @@ -218312,7 +218312,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200052 name: crista tibiofibularis -def: "Tuberosity on the posterior surface of the lateral femoral condyle" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Tuberosity on the posterior surface of the lateral femoral condyle." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur created_by: AD @@ -218320,7 +218320,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200053 name: diphycercal tail -def: "An internally and externally symmetrical tail (caudal) fin" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "An internally and externally symmetrical tail (caudal) fin." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: In Dipnoi, may be secondarily acquired from the homocercal condition by loss of the real caudal fin and the gaining of a new one from dorsal and anal elements, e.g. in Gadidae. http://www.briancoad.com/Complete%20Dictionary%20latest%20version.htm synonym: "isocercal tail" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:4000164 ! caudal fin @@ -218336,7 +218336,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200055 name: homocercal tail -def: "Type of tail fin in which the vertebrae generally turn upward at the hind end of the column, but which is externally symmetrical. The fin rays of the caudal are supported by hypaxial elements" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Type of tail fin in which the vertebrae generally turn upward at the hind end of the column, but which is externally symmetrical. The fin rays of the caudal are supported by hypaxial elements." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: Found in most Teleostei. http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/DicPics/homocercal2.htm is_a: UBERON:4000164 ! caudal fin created_by: AD @@ -218344,7 +218344,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200056 name: hypocercal tail -def: "Type of tail fin where the lower lobe is the longer and is supported by the vertebral column. Asymmetrical externally as well as internally" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Type of tail fin where the lower lobe is the longer and is supported by the vertebral column. Asymmetrical externally as well as internally." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: found in Pteraspides (fossil). is_a: UBERON:4000164 ! caudal fin created_by: AD @@ -218360,7 +218360,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200061 name: epicercal tail -def: "Tail fin in which the the caudal part of the notochord tapers posterodorsally. Based on Pradel et al. 2007" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Tail fin in which the the caudal part of the notochord tapers posterodorsally. Based on Pradel et al. 2007." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: Osteostracans are the only jawless vertebrates that share with gnathostomes an epicercal tail. is_a: UBERON:4000164 ! caudal fin created_by: AD @@ -218391,7 +218391,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200069 name: sternal keel -def: "The vertical plate of bone or cartilage attached to the median line of the sternum. Modified from Baumel et al. 1993" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The vertical plate of bone or cartilage attached to the median line of the sternum. Modified from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: An enlarged ossified keel is found in most, but not all, volant birds. synonym: "carina" EXACT [] synonym: "carina sterni" EXACT [] @@ -218573,7 +218573,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200096 name: intercondylar fossa -def: "The deep fossa between the femoral condyles in which the cruciate ligaments are attached. From Medilexicon.com" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The deep fossa between the femoral condyles in which the cruciate ligaments are attached. From Medilexicon.com." [PHENOSCAPE] synonym: "femoral groove" EXACT [] synonym: "femoral sulcus" EXACT [] synonym: "femoropatellar groove" EXACT [] @@ -218612,7 +218612,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200100 name: latissimus dorsi process -def: "A bony process on the dorsal side of the proximal region of the humerus which corresponds to the insertion site of the Latissimus dorsi muscle. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A bony process on the dorsal side of the proximal region of the humerus which corresponds to the insertion site of the Latissimus dorsi muscle. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus created_by: AD @@ -218627,7 +218627,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200102 name: median dorsal plate -def: "Dermal armour plate that is situated behind the head and constitute the dorsal most portion of the dermal shoulder girdle. Modified from Brazeau 2009, Young 2010" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Dermal armour plate that is situated behind the head and constitute the dorsal most portion of the dermal shoulder girdle. Modified from Brazeau 2009, Young 2010." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: Present in some basal gnathostomes. is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:4000171 ! scapular complex @@ -218643,7 +218643,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200104 name: metacarpal extensor pit -def: "Pits located on the proximodorsal part of metacarpals denoting the attachemnt sites for ligaments. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Pits located on the proximodorsal part of metacarpals denoting the attachemnt sites for ligaments. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone created_by: AD @@ -218694,21 +218694,21 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200110 name: prepectoral spine -def: "Spine located anterior to the pectoral fin" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Spine located anterior to the pectoral fin." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200111 name: prepelvic fin spine -def: "Spine located anterior to the pelvic fin and posterior to the pectoral fin. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Spine located anterior to the pelvic fin and posterior to the pectoral fin. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200112 name: prepectoral space -def: "A triangular, anteroventrally facing area developed between the preaxial margin of the humerus and the proximal limb of the ventral humeral ridge. Based on Callier et al. 2009 " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A triangular, anteroventrally facing area developed between the preaxial margin of the humerus and the proximal limb of the ventral humeral ridge. Based on Callier et al. 2009 ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus created_by: AD @@ -218754,7 +218754,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200118 name: pubic peduncle -def: "Bony projection on the anterior portion of the ilium, anterior to the acetabulum that articulates with the pubis. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Bony projection on the anterior portion of the ilium, anterior to the acetabulum that articulates with the pubis. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium created_by: AD @@ -218762,7 +218762,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200119 name: pubis-ischium contact -def: "Contact zone between the pubis and the ischium. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Contact zone between the pubis and the ischium. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007830 ! pelvic girdle bone/zone created_by: AD @@ -218770,7 +218770,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200120 name: puboischiadic plate -def: "A broad expnase of bone incorperating both the pubis and the ischium. Origin site for ventral limb muscle including the pubioishciofemoralis externus. Modified from Romer 1956 " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A broad expnase of bone incorperating both the pubis and the ischium. Origin site for ventral limb muscle including the pubioishciofemoralis externus. Modified from Romer 1956 ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007830 ! pelvic girdle bone/zone created_by: AD @@ -218832,7 +218832,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200127 name: suprascapula foramen -def: "The route through which structures pass between the base of the neck and the posterior scapular region. It is formed by the suprascapular notch of the scapula and the superior transverse scapular ligament. From http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/suprascapular+foramen" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The route through which structures pass between the base of the neck and the posterior scapular region. It is formed by the suprascapular notch of the scapula and the superior transverse scapular ligament. From http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/suprascapular+foramen." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0006849 ! scapula created_by: AD @@ -218915,7 +218915,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200139 name: palatoquadrate element -def: "Endochondral element that is part of the suspensorium sometimes ossifying distally as the quadrate bone and linking the basal section of the braincase to the lower jaw. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Endochondral element that is part of the suspensorium sometimes ossifying distally as the quadrate bone and linking the basal section of the braincase to the lower jaw. ." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: The palatoquadrate cartilage is the primary element of the suspensorium in larval amphibians and can ossify distally in some taxa, becoming the quadrate bone. In mammals the quadrate bone becomes the incus. is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element relationship: part_of UBERON:0003108 ! suspensorium @@ -218939,7 +218939,7 @@ created_by: DB [Term] id: UBERON:4200150 name: accessory foramen -def: "Foramen found on the humerus of tetrapodomorphs beyond the entepicondyle and ectepicondyle foramen. Often denoted as foramen 'c' and 'd' after Jarvik 1996" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Foramen found on the humerus of tetrapodomorphs beyond the entepicondyle and ectepicondyle foramen. Often denoted as foramen 'c' and 'd' after Jarvik 1996." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus created_by: AD @@ -219005,14 +219005,14 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region [Term] id: UBERON:4200159 name: ventral ridge system -def: "A collection of attached ridges on the ventrl surface of the femur consisting of the internal and fourth trochanters plus the adductor blade and crest. Most notible in early amniotes (based on Romer 1956)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A collection of attached ridges on the ventrl surface of the femur consisting of the internal and fourth trochanters plus the adductor blade and crest. Most notible in early amniotes (based on Romer 1956)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:4200160 name: mesomere (fin) -def: "The median series of bones supporting the pectoral fin of sarcopterygian fish. See Dipnomorpha. In the pectoral fin, the first mesomere is the humerus, the second the ulna, and the third probably the intermedium. The radius is the first preaxial radial. All other homologies are suspect. from http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The median series of bones supporting the pectoral fin of sarcopterygian fish. See Dipnomorpha. In the pectoral fin, the first mesomere is the humerus, the second the ulna, and the third probably the intermedium. The radius is the first preaxial radial. All other homologies are suspect. from http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012353 ! fin skeleton @@ -219029,7 +219029,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:4200160 ! mesomere (fin) [Term] id: UBERON:4200165 name: basal scute -def: "A scute parte of the basal surface of the fin in Sarcopterygian fish" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A scute parte of the basal surface of the fin in Sarcopterygian fish." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0008201 ! scute relationship: part_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin @@ -219057,21 +219057,21 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:4200169 name: process 2 -def: "Process on the humerus of basal tetrapods, anterior to the entepicondyle and associated with subscapularis muscle (based on Coates 1996)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Process on the humerus of basal tetrapods, anterior to the entepicondyle and associated with subscapularis muscle (based on Coates 1996)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:4200170 name: process 3 of entepicondyle -def: "Process on the humerus of basal tetrapods, anterior to the entepicondyle and adjacent to process 4 of entepicondyle (see Coates 1996)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Process on the humerus of basal tetrapods, anterior to the entepicondyle and adjacent to process 4 of entepicondyle (see Coates 1996)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:4200171 name: process 4 of entepicondyle -def: "Process on the humerus of basal tetrapods, anterior to the entepicondyle and adjacent to process 3 of entepicondyle (see Coates 1996)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Process on the humerus of basal tetrapods, anterior to the entepicondyle and adjacent to process 3 of entepicondyle (see Coates 1996)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -219137,13 +219137,13 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus [Term] id: UBERON:4200180 name: semilunate carpal -def: "The moon shaped fusion of distal carpals 1 and 2 found in some theropod dinosaurs, permitting greater wrist mobility. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The moon shaped fusion of distal carpals 1 and 2 found in some theropod dinosaurs, permitting greater wrist mobility. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:4200181 name: astragalus head -def: "The region of the astragalus/ talus that carries the articular surface for the navicular. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The region of the astragalus/ talus that carries the articular surface for the navicular. ." [PHENOSCAPE] synonym: "talus head" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002395 ! talus @@ -219157,21 +219157,21 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002395 ! talus [Term] id: UBERON:4200183 name: bicipital tuberosity -def: "The rough eminence which is on the anterior inner aspect of the neck of the radius and into which the tendon of the biceps is inserted. From http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The rough eminence which is on the anterior inner aspect of the neck of the radius and into which the tendon of the biceps is inserted. From http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:4200184 name: ulnar tuberosity -def: "his roughened area of bone sits distomedially at the base of the coronoid process. It is the attachment site for the brachialis muscle. From http://www.anatomyexpert.com/" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "his roughened area of bone sits distomedially at the base of the coronoid process. It is the attachment site for the brachialis muscle. From http://www.anatomyexpert.com/." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:4200185 name: entepicondyle fossa -def: "A fossa on the distal humerus proximal to the entepicondyle. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A fossa on the distal humerus proximal to the entepicondyle. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006806 ! entepicondyle of humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -219185,7 +219185,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:4200187 name: obsolete hyperphalangy of manus -def: "Increase the number of phalanges per digit beyond their ancestral digital\nformulas. Modified from Cooper and Dawson 2009" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Increase the number of phalanges per digit beyond their ancestral digital\nformulas. Modified from Cooper and Dawson 2009." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: This class was obsoleted as it did not represent an anatomical structure property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/442 xsd:anyURI is_obsolete: true @@ -219237,14 +219237,14 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200194 name: intercentrum -def: "The anteriormost of the two possible elements found in the tetrapod centrum (when the centrum is not a single element). " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The anteriormost of the two possible elements found in the tetrapod centrum (when the centrum is not a single element). ." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: If there is only one element that makes part of the centrum it can be either the intercentrum (some amphibians) or the pleurocentrum (amniotes) (see Hildebrand and Goslow 's Analysis of Vertebrate structure) is_a: UBERON:0001075 ! bony vertebral centrum [Term] id: UBERON:4200195 name: pleurocentrum -def: "The posteriormost of the two possible elements found in the tetrapod centrum (when the centrum is not a single element). " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The posteriormost of the two possible elements found in the tetrapod centrum (when the centrum is not a single element). ." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: If there is only one element that makes part of the centrum it can be either the intercentrum (some amphibians) or the pleurocentrum (amniotes) (see Hildebrand and Goslow 's Analysis of Vertebrate structure) is_a: UBERON:0001075 ! bony vertebral centrum @@ -219258,7 +219258,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200197 name: anterior humeral ridge -def: "Ridge or keel at the proximal end of the humerus. (see Laurin 1998)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Ridge or keel at the proximal end of the humerus. (see Laurin 1998)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus created_by: AD @@ -219266,7 +219266,7 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200198 name: incisor process -def: "Process that is part of the mandible that is in close proximity to the incisor teeth. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Process that is part of the mandible that is in close proximity to the incisor teeth. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible created_by: AD @@ -219283,14 +219283,14 @@ created_by: AD [Term] id: UBERON:4200203 name: humeral facet on the ulna -def: "Facet on the ulna for articulation with the ulnar condyle of the humerus. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Facet on the ulna for articulation with the ulnar condyle of the humerus. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:4300038 ! facet relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:4200204 name: humeral facet on radius -def: "Facet on the radius for articulation with the radial condyle of the humerus. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Facet on the radius for articulation with the radial condyle of the humerus. ." [PHENOSCAPE] synonym: "proximal articular surface of radius" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:4300038 ! facet relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone @@ -219377,7 +219377,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:4200217 name: tibial facet of femur -def: "Facet on the femur for the tibia. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Facet on the femur for the tibia. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:4200214 ! epipodial facet is_a: UBERON:4300038 ! facet relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur @@ -219385,7 +219385,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:4200218 name: musculotendinous bundle -def: "A collection of muscle and tendinous tissue. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A collection of muscle and tendinous tissue. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] @@ -219416,14 +219416,14 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:4200223 name: foramen C -def: "Foramen located on the scapulocoracoid, located just behind the cleithral anteroventral process(the articulation with the cleithrum). Modified from Coates 1996" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Foramen located on the scapulocoracoid, located just behind the cleithral anteroventral process(the articulation with the cleithrum). Modified from Coates 1996." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! bone foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0004753 ! scapulocoracoid [Term] id: UBERON:4200224 name: columnar area -def: "Modified from Garvey et al. 2005. ' Between the dorsal ridge and the caput humeri is a futher recessed area......that clearly separates the two structures and is slightly separted from the dorsal surface of the entepicondyle, and more specifically from the unfinished bone of the entepicondyle, by a narrow ridge.'" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Modified from Garvey et al. 2005. ' Between the dorsal ridge and the caput humeri is a futher recessed area......that clearly separates the two structures and is slightly separted from the dorsal surface of the entepicondyle, and more specifically from the unfinished bone of the entepicondyle, by a narrow ridge.'." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! bone foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -219470,19 +219470,19 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element [Term] id: UBERON:4200231 name: unfinished bone surface -def: "A bone surface that is not smooth and periosteal. The usual implication is that the bone was still growing, was covered in cartilage, or both. From Paleos.com" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A bone surface that is not smooth and periosteal. The usual implication is that the bone was still growing, was covered in cartilage, or both. From Paleos.com." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:4200230 ! surface of bone [Term] id: UBERON:4200232 name: finished bone surface -def: "A smooth periosteal bone surface. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A smooth periosteal bone surface. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:4200230 ! surface of bone [Term] id: UBERON:4200233 name: dorsal clavicular process -def: "A process, extending dorsally from the clavicular plate, that attaches to the cleithrum. Modified from Clack 2012 and Coates 1996. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A process, extending dorsally from the clavicular plate, that attaches to the cleithrum. Modified from Clack 2012 and Coates 1996. ." [PHENOSCAPE] synonym: "ascending dorsal clavicular process" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle bone @@ -219535,7 +219535,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:4200241 ! postrostral bone [Term] id: UBERON:4200243 name: surangular pit line -def: "...a v-shaped pair of ridges, each carrying three or four smallpores Modified from Ahlberg et al. 2005" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "...a v-shaped pair of ridges, each carrying three or four smallpores Modified from Ahlberg et al. 2005." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0011636 ! surangular bone [Term] @@ -219599,7 +219599,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300003 name: urodermal bone -def: "Paired, thin dermal bones at the rear of the caudal fin skeleton, derived from scales. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Paired, thin dermal bones at the rear of the caudal fin skeleton, derived from scales. ." [PHENOSCAPE] xref: http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/R-Z\,%20Abbreviations\,%20Symbols%20and%20References.htm is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:4000167 ! caudal fin skeleton @@ -219616,7 +219616,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300005 name: aphakic space -def: "The space in the pupil, which is not occupied by the lens. A rostral aphakic space may enhance the forward binocular field of vision. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The space in the pupil, which is not occupied by the lens. A rostral aphakic space may enhance the forward binocular field of vision. ." [PHENOSCAPE] xref: http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/Introduction%20and%20A-F.htm is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye @@ -219633,7 +219633,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300007 name: medial pelvic process -def: "Process that is posteriorly oriented and medially located on the basipterygium. It is a paired projection. [PHENOSCAPE:bf]" [http://hdl.handle.net/10088/11710] +def: "Process that is posteriorly oriented and medially located on the basipterygium. It is a paired projection. [PHENOSCAPE:bf]." [http://hdl.handle.net/10088/11710] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:2000623 ! basipterygium bone created_by: WD @@ -219730,7 +219730,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300021 name: anterolateral plate -def: "Dermal bone that is part of the scapular complex in placoderm fishes. " [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] +def: "Dermal bone that is part of the scapular complex in placoderm fishes. ." [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] synonym: "AL" EXACT [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:4000171 ! scapular complex @@ -219767,7 +219767,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300025 name: posterior dorsolateral plate -def: "Dermal bone that is part of the scapular complex in placoderms, located posterior to the main components of the complex. " [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] +def: "Dermal bone that is part of the scapular complex in placoderms, located posterior to the main components of the complex. ." [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] synonym: "PDL" EXACT [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:4000171 ! scapular complex @@ -219776,7 +219776,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300026 name: anterior ventrolateral plate -def: "Dermal bone that is part of the ventral region of scapular complex in placoderms (see also posterior ventrolateral plate). In most placoderms with a long ventral armour, the ventral wall is typically composed of two large paired lateral plates (anterior and posterior ventrolaterals). " [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] +def: "Dermal bone that is part of the ventral region of scapular complex in placoderms (see also posterior ventrolateral plate). In most placoderms with a long ventral armour, the ventral wall is typically composed of two large paired lateral plates (anterior and posterior ventrolaterals). ." [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] synonym: "AVL" EXACT [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:4000171 ! scapular complex @@ -219785,7 +219785,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300028 name: posterior ventrolateral plate -def: "Dermal bone that is part of the ventral region of scapular complex in placoderms (see also anterior ventrolateral plate). In most placoderms with a long ventral armour, the ventral wall is typically composed of two large paired lateral plates (anterior and posterior ventrolaterals). " [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] +def: "Dermal bone that is part of the ventral region of scapular complex in placoderms (see also anterior ventrolateral plate). In most placoderms with a long ventral armour, the ventral wall is typically composed of two large paired lateral plates (anterior and posterior ventrolaterals). ." [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] synonym: "PVL" EXACT [ISBN 3-89937-052-X [Goujet and Young\, 2004\]] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:4000171 ! scapular complex @@ -219837,7 +219837,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300034 name: antorbital cartilage -def: "Cartilage element on the neurocranium of sawsharks and batoids, separate cartilages attached to the sides of the nasal capsules that support the sides or front of the head. [Compagno, L.J.V. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 1, Vol. 2. Rome, FAO. 2001. 269p. ISBN 92-5-104543-7]" [ISBN 92-5-104543-7] +def: "Cartilage element on the neurocranium of sawsharks and batoids, separate cartilages attached to the sides of the nasal capsules that support the sides or front of the head. [Compagno, L.J.V. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 1, Vol. 2. Rome, FAO. 2001. 269p. ISBN 92-5-104543-7]." [ISBN 92-5-104543-7] is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilage element of chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium created_by: WD @@ -219923,7 +219923,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300091 name: Y bone -def: "The y bone is a detached neural spine anterior to the haemal spines of preural centrum 2. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The y bone is a detached neural spine anterior to the haemal spines of preural centrum 2. ." [PHENOSCAPE] comment: Comment: In fishes, accessory bones (e.g., Y bone) are common in Gadiformes and rare in Zeiformes (Borden et al., 2013). is_a: UBERON:0001076 ! neural spine created_by: WD @@ -219982,7 +219982,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300104 name: ectocoracoid bone -def: "A paired dermal bone in Gasterosteiformes connected with the coracoid and extending posteriorly. Has also been applied to the element below the scapula and applied to the coracoid in Dipnoi. Dictionary of Ichthyology. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A paired dermal bone in Gasterosteiformes connected with the coracoid and extending posteriorly. Has also been applied to the element below the scapula and applied to the coracoid in Dipnoi. Dictionary of Ichthyology. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton created_by: WD @@ -220005,7 +220005,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300108 name: lepidotrichial segment -def: "Zone of bone organ that is part of a lepidotrich and connected to other segments by collagen fibers. These segments lend flexibility to the lepidtrich. " [DOI 10.1002/jmor.20161] +def: "Zone of bone organ that is part of a lepidotrich and connected to other segments by collagen fibers. These segments lend flexibility to the lepidtrich. ." [DOI 10.1002/jmor.20161] synonym: "segment of fin ray" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:4000172 ! lepidotrichium @@ -220113,7 +220113,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300124 name: axis intercentrum -def: "The intercentrum unit of the axis vertebra. " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The intercentrum unit of the axis vertebra. ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:4200194 ! intercentrum created_by: WD @@ -220136,7 +220136,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300127 name: nuchal crest -def: "Bony protuberance on the external surface of the occipital bone.[PHENOSCAPE:AD]" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Bony protuberance on the external surface of the occipital bone.[PHENOSCAPE:AD]." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 ! occipital region created_by: WD @@ -220207,7 +220207,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300138 name: labial region -def: "The region of an anatomical structure, such as a tooth or jaw bone, facing the lips.[PHENOSCAPE:WD]" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "The region of an anatomical structure, such as a tooth or jaw bone, facing the lips.[PHENOSCAPE:WD]." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth created_by: WD @@ -220246,7 +220246,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300144 name: profundus foramen -def: "Foramen for the profundus or ophthalmic nerve" [PHENOSCAPE:AD] +def: "Foramen for the profundus or ophthalmic nerve." [PHENOSCAPE:AD] is_a: UBERON:3000051 ! braincase and otic capsule opening created_by: WD @@ -220277,7 +220277,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300152 name: accessory nasal sac -def: "Accessory nasal sacs are found in a variety of teleosts (Webb, 1993) and likely assist in ventilating the olfactory epithelium by transmitting pressure fluctuations associated with gill irrigation from theoral cavity to the nasal (or sensory) sac (Jakubowski,1975; Webb, 1993; Belanger et al., 2003). [def from Eastman, J. T. and Lannoo, M. J. (2004)]" [DOI:10.1002/jmor.10221] +def: "Accessory nasal sacs are found in a variety of teleosts (Webb, 1993) and likely assist in ventilating the olfactory epithelium by transmitting pressure fluctuations associated with gill irrigation from theoral cavity to the nasal (or sensory) sac (Jakubowski,1975; Webb, 1993; Belanger et al., 2003). [def from Eastman, J. T. and Lannoo, M. J. (2004)]." [DOI:10.1002/jmor.10221] is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ created_by: WD @@ -220299,7 +220299,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300155 name: pectoral splint -def: "Unpaired bone that covers the base of the first pectoral ray. [Filleul and Lavoué 2001]" [PMID:11386087] +def: "Unpaired bone that covers the base of the first pectoral ray. [Filleul and Lavoué 2001]." [PMID:11386087] is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone element relationship: part_of UBERON:0010710 ! pectoral fin skeleton created_by: WD @@ -220513,7 +220513,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:4300197 name: Westoll line -def: "More or less concentric lines of discontinuity in the cosmine of Dipnoi, probably due to cyclic resorption and redeposition during growth occurring on the bases of individual scales and also as large structures between headshield plates.[Fishbase]" [https://www.fishbase.de/glossary/Glossary.php?q=Westoll+lines] +def: "More or less concentric lines of discontinuity in the cosmine of Dipnoi, probably due to cyclic resorption and redeposition during growth occurring on the bases of individual scales and also as large structures between headshield plates.[Fishbase]." [https://www.fishbase.de/glossary/Glossary.php?q=Westoll+lines] synonym: "Westoll lines" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:4000087 ! cosmine @@ -220549,7 +220549,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:4300202 name: endoskeletal cranial joint -def: "The braincase of most plesiomorphic sarcopterygians is divided by the intracranial point into ethmosphenoid and otic-occipital portions each covered by dermal bones. The function of the joint is presumably to increase the gape of the mouth rapidly during opening phases. (Forey 1997)" [ISBN:978-0-412-78480-4] +def: "The braincase of most plesiomorphic sarcopterygians is divided by the intracranial point into ethmosphenoid and otic-occipital portions each covered by dermal bones. The function of the joint is presumably to increase the gape of the mouth rapidly during opening phases. (Forey 1997)." [ISBN:978-0-412-78480-4] synonym: "endoskeletal intracranial joint" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium @@ -220558,7 +220558,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300203 name: tectum orbitale -def: "The dorsal portion of the endocranium that covers the orbital region. Hanken and Hall (1993)" [ISBN:9780226315706] +def: "The dorsal portion of the endocranium that covers the orbital region. Hanken and Hall (1993)." [ISBN:9780226315706] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium created_by: WD @@ -220583,7 +220583,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300206 name: mandibulo-lacrimal ligament -def: "Ligament that connects the ventromedial end of the lacrimal to the anguloarticular (or 'mandible'). Parenti (2008)" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Ligament that connects the ventromedial end of the lacrimal to the anguloarticular (or 'mandible'). Parenti (2008)." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament relationship: connects UBERON:0004744 ! articular/anguloarticular relationship: connects UBERON:2000223 ! infraorbital 1 @@ -220618,14 +220618,14 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300210 name: transversus epibranchialis 2 -def: "Dorsal gill-arch muscle connecting right and left epibranchial 2s. Springer and Johnson (2015)" [https://doi.org/10.1643/CI-14-152] +def: "Dorsal gill-arch muscle connecting right and left epibranchial 2s. Springer and Johnson (2015)." [https://doi.org/10.1643/CI-14-152] is_a: UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300211 name: lateral plate -def: "Body plates on the lateral sides of the body that occur as single bilateral rows and their number is highly heritable. Bell and Richkind (1981)" [https://doi.org/10.1086/283693] +def: "Body plates on the lateral sides of the body that occur as single bilateral rows and their number is highly heritable. Bell and Richkind (1981)." [https://doi.org/10.1086/283693] is_a: UBERON:2002053 ! bony plate [Term] @@ -220700,7 +220700,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300222 name: axilar scale -def: "Scale that is adjacent to the pelvic fin and aligned with the origin of the pelvic fin. It is typically an elongate scale.[Mattox and Toledo-Piza 2012]" [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00830.x] +def: "Scale that is adjacent to the pelvic fin and aligned with the origin of the pelvic fin. It is typically an elongate scale.[Mattox and Toledo-Piza 2012]." [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00830.x] is_a: UBERON:0007380 ! dermal scale created_by: WD @@ -220717,13 +220717,13 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300224 name: precaudal vertebra endochondral element -def: "Vertebral elements lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal.(Bird and Mabee, 2003)" [https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10387] +def: "Vertebral elements lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal.(Bird and Mabee, 2003)." [https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10387] is_a: UBERON:0010913 ! vertebral element [Term] id: UBERON:4300225 name: precaudal vertebra cartilage element -def: "Vertebral cartilage elements lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal.(Bird and Mabee, 2003)" [https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10387] +def: "Vertebral cartilage elements lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal.(Bird and Mabee, 2003)." [https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10387] intersection_of: UBERON:4300224 ! precaudal vertebra endochondral element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue created_by: WD @@ -220763,7 +220763,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300230 name: forelimb wing bud -def: "A wing bud that develops into a wing" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "A wing bud that develops into a wing." [PHENOSCAPE] intersection_of: UBERON:0005417 ! forelimb bud intersection_of: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing created_by: WD @@ -220886,7 +220886,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300249 name: lateral occipital foramen -def: "Foramen that has the exoccipital as the anterior and dorsal rim. The occipital forms the anterior rim during early development. [database_cross_reference: GOC:cvs][database_cross_reference: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2244-7917][database_cross_reference: ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192]" [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192] +def: "Foramen that has the exoccipital as the anterior and dorsal rim. The occipital forms the anterior rim during early development. [database_cross_reference: GOC:cvs][database_cross_reference: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2244-7917][database_cross_reference: ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192]." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192] xref: ZFA:0005892 is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! bone foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone @@ -221004,7 +221004,7 @@ created_by: WD [Term] id: UBERON:4300275 name: suborbital stay -def: "A backwards extension of the third circumorbital bone (part of the lateral head/cheek skeleton, below the eye socket) across the cheek to the preoperculum, to which it is connected in most species [wikipedia]" [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorpaeniformes] +def: "A backwards extension of the third circumorbital bone (part of the lateral head/cheek skeleton, below the eye socket) across the cheek to the preoperculum, to which it is connected in most species [wikipedia]." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorpaeniformes] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:2001408 ! infraorbital 3 @@ -221094,14 +221094,14 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:4400001 name: ceratotrichium -def: "Elastoidin fin ray that is thickened, generally unbranched and found in the fins of Chondrichthyes. " [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/129, PHENOSCAPE:pm] +def: "Elastoidin fin ray that is thickened, generally unbranched and found in the fins of Chondrichthyes. ." [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/129, PHENOSCAPE:pm] is_a: UBERON:4400006 ! elastoidin fin ray relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:4400005 name: fin ray -def: "A rod-like entity that functions in support of fin folds and fins" [PHENOSCAPE:pm] +def: "A rod-like entity that functions in support of fin folds and fins." [PHENOSCAPE:pm] is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin @@ -221114,7 +221114,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:4400005 ! fin ray [Term] id: UBERON:4400007 name: camptotrichium -def: "Fin ray found in dipnoans that are composed of a superficial region of acellular fibrous bone, and a deep, mostly unmineralized, zone (Géraudie and Meunier 1982)" [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/129, PHENOSCAPE:pm] +def: "Fin ray found in dipnoans that are composed of a superficial region of acellular fibrous bone, and a deep, mostly unmineralized, zone (Géraudie and Meunier 1982)." [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/129, PHENOSCAPE:pm] comment: From Witten & Huysseune (2007): 'Two zones have been recognized in these camptotrichia: a superficial region of acellular fibrous bone, and a deep, mostly unmineralized, zone (Géraudie and Meunier 1982).' is_a: UBERON:4300037 ! bony fin ray @@ -221167,7 +221167,7 @@ created_by: LJ [Term] id: UBERON:4500003 name: predorsal scale -def: "Scale that is part of row along the midline between the dorsal fin and the back of the skull. In counting, all scales crossing the midline are included. (Fishbase) " [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Scale that is part of row along the midline between the dorsal fin and the back of the skull. In counting, all scales crossing the midline are included. (Fishbase) ." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0007380 ! dermal scale created_by: LMJ @@ -221299,7 +221299,7 @@ created_by: LMJ [Term] id: UBERON:4500020 name: pelvic fin distal radial cartilage -def: "Pelvic fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue" [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilage element is_a: UBERON:1600008 ! pelvic fin distal radial element is_a: UBERON:2001538 ! pelvic radial cartilage @@ -225672,7 +225672,7 @@ is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: adjacent_to name: adjacent_to -def: "x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary" [] +def: "x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary." [] xref: RO:0002220 is_symmetric: true @@ -225691,7 +225691,7 @@ name: anastomoses with [Typedef] id: anterior_to name: anterior_to -def: "x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer" [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: BSPO:0000096 is_transitive: true created_by: cjm @@ -225812,7 +225812,7 @@ xref: RO:0002478 [Typedef] id: composed_primarily_of name: composed primarily of -def: "x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y" [] +def: "x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y." [] xref: RO:0002473 is_a: has_part ! has part @@ -226019,7 +226019,7 @@ inverse_of: proximally_connected_to ! proximally connected to [Typedef] id: distalmost_part_of name: distalmost_part_of -def: "X distalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "X distalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: BSPO:0001108 is_a: in_distal_side_of ! in_distal_side_of @@ -226261,7 +226261,7 @@ is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: has_fused_element name: has_fused_element -def: "x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat" [] +def: "x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat." [] comment: A single bone in one species may correspond to the fusion of two or more bones found as distinct elements in another. For example, tibiofibula has_fused_element tibia. A has_fused_element B does not imply that A has_part some B, rather than A has_part some B', where B' is not a subtype of B (because B is a distinct element but B' is a regional part) but has some evolutionary relationship to B. xref: RO:0002374 @@ -226314,19 +226314,19 @@ is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: has_potential_to_develop_into name: has potential to develop into -def: "x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y" [] +def: "x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y." [] xref: RO:0002387 [Typedef] id: has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to name: has potential to developmentally contribute to -def: "x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y" [] +def: "x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y." [] xref: RO:0002385 [Typedef] id: has_potential_to_directly_develop_into name: has potential to directly develop into -def: "x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y" [] +def: "x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y." [] xref: RO:0002388 [Typedef] @@ -226411,7 +226411,7 @@ is_a: posterior_to ! posterior_to [Typedef] id: immediately_preceded_by name: immediately_preceded_by -def: "X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)" [] +def: "X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)." [] synonym: "directly preceded by" EXACT [] synonym: "is directly preceded by" EXACT [] synonym: "is immediately preceded by" EXACT [SIO:000251] @@ -226477,7 +226477,7 @@ is_a: in_lateral_side_of ! in_lateral_side_of [Typedef] id: in_lateral_side_of name: in_lateral_side_of -def: "X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: BSPO:0000126 property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern xsd:anyURI is_a: part_of ! part of @@ -226557,7 +226557,7 @@ is_a: part_of ! part of [Typedef] id: indirectly_supplies name: indirectly_supplies -def: "a indirectly_supplies s iff a has a branch and the branch supplies or indirectly supplies s" [] +def: "a indirectly_supplies s iff a has a branch and the branch supplies or indirectly supplies s." [] property_value: editor_note "add to RO" xsd:string holds_over_chain: has_branching_part indirectly_supplies holds_over_chain: has_branching_part supplies @@ -226653,7 +226653,7 @@ is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: never_in_taxon name: never_in_taxon -def: "S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T" [PMID:20973947] +def: "S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T." [PMID:20973947] xref: RO:0002161 expand_assertion_to: "Class: EquivalentTo: ?X and (RO_0002162 some ?Y)" [] is_metadata_tag: true @@ -226662,7 +226662,7 @@ is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: only_in_taxon name: only_in_taxon -def: "S only_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only T" [PMID:20973947] +def: "S only_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only T." [PMID:20973947] xref: RO:0002160 is_a: in_taxon ! in taxon @@ -226689,7 +226689,7 @@ expand_expression_to: "BFO_0000051 some (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)" [] [Typedef] id: paired_appendage_number name: paired_appendage number -def: "x paired_appendage_number N if and only if (i) x is a paired_appendage, and (ii) x is paired_appendage number N in a series of paired_appendages repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with paired_appendage_number 1 being the anteriormost paired_appendage. In vertebrates, this is the pectoral appendage" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "x paired_appendage_number N if and only if (i) x is a paired_appendage, and (ii) x is paired_appendage number N in a series of paired_appendages repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with paired_appendage_number 1 being the anteriormost paired_appendage. In vertebrates, this is the pectoral appendage." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: UBPROP:0000109 property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0000026 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 @@ -226717,7 +226717,7 @@ xref: RO:0000056 [Typedef] id: phalanx_number name: phalanx number -def: "x phalanx_number N if and only if (i) x is a phalanx, and (ii) x is phalanx number N in a series of phalanges repeated along an prixomo-distal axis, with phalanx_number 1 being the proximalmost phalanx. Note that in humans, the distalmost phalanx has phlanax_number 3, except in ray_number 1, where the distalmost has phalanx_number 2" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bone#Phalangeal_formula] +def: "x phalanx_number N if and only if (i) x is a phalanx, and (ii) x is phalanx number N in a series of phalanges repeated along an prixomo-distal axis, with phalanx_number 1 being the proximalmost phalanx. Note that in humans, the distalmost phalanx has phlanax_number 3, except in ray_number 1, where the distalmost has phalanx_number 2." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bone#Phalangeal_formula] comment: Most land mammals including humans have a 2-3-3-3-3 formula in both the hands (or paws) and feet. Primitive reptiles typically had the formula 2-3-4-4-5, and this pattern, with some modification, remained in many later reptiles and in the mammal-like reptiles. The phalangeal formula in the flippers of cetaceans (marine mammals) is 2-12-8-1 xref: UBPROP:0000105 property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0003221 @@ -226782,7 +226782,7 @@ is_a: part_of ! part of [Typedef] id: preceded_by name: preceded_by -def: "X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)" [] +def: "X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)." [] synonym: "is preceded by" EXACT [SIO:000249] synonym: "takes place after" EXACT [Allen:precedes] xref: BFO:0000062 @@ -226797,14 +226797,14 @@ is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: preceding_element_is name: preceding element is -def: "A property used in conjunction with repeated_element_number to indicate an axis and directionality along that axis. If P preceding_element_is R, and P is_count_of S, and X P N, and X' P N+1, then it follows that every X R some X', and the class expression [S and R some X' and inv(R) some X] is empty (i.e. X is followed by X', with no intermediates)" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A property used in conjunction with repeated_element_number to indicate an axis and directionality along that axis. If P preceding_element_is R, and P is_count_of S, and X P N, and X' P N+1, then it follows that every X R some X', and the class expression [S and R some X' and inv(R) some X] is empty (i.e. X is followed by X', with no intermediates)." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: UBPROP:0000101 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: present_in_taxon name: present_in_taxon -def: "S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "applicable for taxon" EXACT [] xref: RO:0002175 is_metadata_tag: true @@ -226847,7 +226847,7 @@ is_a: transitively_proximally_connected_to ! transitively proximally connected t [Typedef] id: proximalmost_part_of name: proximalmost_part_of -def: "X proximalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "X proximalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: BSPO:0001106 is_a: in_proximal_side_of ! in_proximal_side_of @@ -226864,7 +226864,7 @@ is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: repeated_element_number name: repeated element number -def: "A property used to indicate the position of an element where that element is of a type that is serially repeated linearly along some axis for which a total ordering exists. The ordering may represent an ancestral condition" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A property used to indicate the position of an element where that element is of a type that is serially repeated linearly along some axis for which a total ordering exists. The ordering may represent an ancestral condition." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: The range is currently non-negative integer xref: UBPROP:0000102 is_metadata_tag: true @@ -226918,7 +226918,7 @@ is_a: starts ! starts [Typedef] id: site_of name: site_of -def: "c site_of p if c is the bearer of a disposition that is realized by a process that has p as part" [] +def: "c site_of p if c is the bearer of a disposition that is realized by a process that has p as part." [] synonym: "capable_of_has_part" RELATED [] [Typedef] @@ -226989,14 +226989,14 @@ is_a: connected_to ! connected to [Typedef] id: surrounded_by name: surrounded_by -def: "x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: RO:0002219 inverse_of: surrounds ! surrounds [Typedef] id: surrounds name: surrounds -def: "inverse of surrounded_by" [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "inverse of surrounded_by." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: RO:0002221 [Typedef] @@ -227022,7 +227022,7 @@ is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: tooth_number name: tooth number -def: "x tooth_number N if and only if (i) x is a tooth, and (ii) x is ancestrally tooth number N in a series of teeth repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, typically on the lateral side of a structure such as a jaw, with tooth_number 1 being the anteriormost. Note that this count refers to the total number of teeth starting from the first, regardless of the type of tooth. If sub-systems are required for numbering within a series of teeth of the same type, consider a subproperty. For example, in a human, maxillary canine = tooth 3 of upper jaw = canine_tooth 1 of upper jaw" [] +def: "x tooth_number N if and only if (i) x is a tooth, and (ii) x is ancestrally tooth number N in a series of teeth repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, typically on the lateral side of a structure such as a jaw, with tooth_number 1 being the anteriormost. Note that this count refers to the total number of teeth starting from the first, regardless of the type of tooth. If sub-systems are required for numbering within a series of teeth of the same type, consider a subproperty. For example, in a human, maxillary canine = tooth 3 of upper jaw = canine_tooth 1 of upper jaw." [] xref: UBPROP:0000112 property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0001091 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 From 8d82dcc9f04497d376e96b1dcdbfd911a8d013a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nico Matentzoglu Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2021 20:23:53 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 3/5] Uppecasing all definitions --- src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo | 1332 +++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 666 insertions(+), 666 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo index 8c5f3349b3..c3b4b9d7b4 100644 --- a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo +++ b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo @@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005726 ! chemosensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000006 name: islet of Langerhans -def: "the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas." [MA:0000127, MESH:A03.734.414, MP:0005215] +def: "The clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas." [MA:0000127, MESH:A03.734.414, MP:0005215] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -906,7 +906,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Mammary glands develop by similar mechanisms, and t [Term] id: UBERON:0000022 name: feather -def: "one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. Feathers are formed in tiny follicles in the epidermis, or outer skin layer, that produce keratin proteins." [Wikipedia:Feather] +def: "One of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. Feathers are formed in tiny follicles in the epidermis, or outer skin layer, that produce keratin proteins." [Wikipedia:Feather] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000447 @@ -1334,7 +1334,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal s [Term] id: UBERON:0000042 name: serous membrane -def: "multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Serous_membrane] +def: "Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Serous_membrane] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "serosa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Serous_membrane] @@ -1516,7 +1516,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of th [Term] id: UBERON:0000046 name: stemma -def: "eye-spots which may be set into a pit to reduce the angles of light that enters and affects the eyespot, to allow the organism to deduce the angle of incoming light." [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes, Wikipedia:Stemma] +def: "Eye-spots which may be set into a pit to reduce the angles of light that enters and affects the eyespot, to allow the organism to deduce the angle of incoming light." [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes, Wikipedia:Stemma] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pit eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes] xref: Wikipedia:Stemma @@ -1546,14 +1546,14 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32577 ! Nautiloidea [Term] id: UBERON:0000049 name: spherical lensed eye -def: "simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index." [Wikipedia:Eye#Spherical_lensed_eye] +def: "Simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index." [Wikipedia:Eye#Spherical_lensed_eye] subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000050 name: simple eye with multiple lenses -def: "simple eye that has two or more lenses. Some marine organisms bear more than one lens; for instance the copeopod Pontella has three. The outer has a parabolic surface, countering the effects of spherical aberration while allowing a sharp image to be formed. Copilla's eyes have two lenses, which move in and out like a telescope." [Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses] +def: "Simple eye that has two or more lenses. Some marine organisms bear more than one lens; for instance the copeopod Pontella has three. The outer has a parabolic surface, countering the effects of spherical aberration while allowing a sharp image to be formed. Copilla's eyes have two lenses, which move in and out like a telescope." [Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses] subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim xref: Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses @@ -1733,7 +1733,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "in humans, consists of adventitial, muscular an [Term] id: UBERON:0000057 name: urethra -def: "the fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening." [MGI:anna, MP:0000537] +def: "The fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening." [MGI:anna, MP:0000537] subset: efo_slim subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim @@ -2532,7 +2532,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "A small sphere of cells known as the inner cell [Term] id: UBERON:0000088 name: trophoblast -def: "the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005031] +def: "The mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005031] comment: Aggregate of cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg. [Wikipedia:Trophoblast] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim @@ -2601,7 +2601,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/437 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0000090 name: blastocele -def: "fluid-filled central region of a blastocyst." [Wikipedia:Blastocele] +def: "Fluid-filled central region of a blastocyst." [Wikipedia:Blastocele] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim synonym: "blastocelic cavity" RELATED [EMAPA:16044] @@ -2653,7 +2653,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000092 name: post-embryonic stage -def: "stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "post-hatching stage" NARROW [] synonym: "postembryonic" RELATED [] synonym: "postembryonic stage" EXACT [] @@ -2697,7 +2697,7 @@ creation_date: 2009-07-30T05:19:13Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000095 name: cardiac neural crest -def: "portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] +def: "Portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac neural crest complex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] synonym: "complexus cristae neuralis cardiacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] @@ -2716,7 +2716,7 @@ creation_date: 2009-07-30T07:57:38Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000100 name: blastopore -def: "the orifice of invagination of the endomesodermal cells during the embryonic stages of an organism." [BGEE:ANN, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/660, PMID:23103190] +def: "The orifice of invagination of the endomesodermal cells during the embryonic stages of an organism." [BGEE:ANN, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/660, PMID:23103190] subset: early_development subset: metazoa_core xref: AAO:0000045 @@ -3003,7 +3003,7 @@ property_value: seeAlso https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/499 xsd:an [Term] id: UBERON:0000114 name: lung connective tissue -def: "the connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0002276, PMID:14635660] +def: "The connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0002276, PMID:14635660] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung interstitial tissue" RELATED [MA:0001782] @@ -3234,7 +3234,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/G [Term] id: UBERON:0000127 name: facial nucleus -def: "the group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000909] +def: "The group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000909] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "facial nerve nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "facial VII motor nucleus" RELATED [MA:0001014] @@ -3264,7 +3264,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has 3 subclasses - left, right and [Term] id: UBERON:0000128 name: olivary body -def: "prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] +def: "Prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "oliva" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] synonym: "olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002299] @@ -3576,7 +3576,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Human beings only have an embryonic cloaca, which i [Term] id: UBERON:0000163 name: embryonic cloaca -def: "endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP]." [MP:0010115, Wikipedia:Cloaca_(embryology)] +def: "Endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP]." [MP:0010115, Wikipedia:Cloaca_(embryology)] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cloaca" RELATED SENSU [] xref: EHDAA2:0000256 @@ -3593,7 +3593,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class represents the embryonic form of the c [Term] id: UBERON:0000164 name: primitive urogenital sinus -def: "the ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010116] +def: "The ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010116] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fetal UGS" EXACT [PMID:18977204] synonym: "sinus urogenitalis" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -4134,7 +4134,7 @@ creation_date: 2009-04-18T01:37:39Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000209 name: tetrapod frontal bone -def: "the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000107, PMID:7914451, Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] +def: "The bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000107, PMID:7914451, Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "frontal" NARROW [AAO:0000206] synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW SENSU [FMA:52734, MA:0001466] @@ -4367,7 +4367,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - add layer relations. 'tendon sheath' GAT in [Term] id: UBERON:0000305 name: amnion -def: "the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected." [MGI:csmith, MP:0005029] +def: "The thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected." [MGI:csmith, MP:0005029] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "amnios" EXACT [http://placentation.ucsd.edu/glossfs.html] xref: BTO:0000065 @@ -4464,7 +4464,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The breasts of a female primate's body contain the [Term] id: UBERON:0000311 name: extensor muscle -def: "a skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/extensor+muscle, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/57] +def: "A skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/extensor+muscle, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/57] comment: Any of the muscles that increase the angle between segments of a limb, E.g. straightening the elbow or knee or bending the wrist or spine backward. The movement is usually directed backward, with the notable exception of the knee joint. In humans, certain muscles of the hand and foot are named for this function. In the hand these include the extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and extensor carpi ulnaris, which run from the humerus along the back of the forearm to the metacarpal bones at the back of the hand. [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/198909/extensor-muscle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "extensor" RELATED [] @@ -4756,7 +4756,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum [Term] id: UBERON:0000332 name: yellow bone marrow -def: "bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Yellow+Marrow] +def: "Bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Yellow+Marrow] synonym: "fat marrow" RELATED [BTO:0000635] synonym: "medulla ossium flava" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0000635] synonym: "yellow marrow" EXACT [BTO:0000635] @@ -5030,7 +5030,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans it is a tendon-like structure that has de [Term] id: UBERON:0000353 name: parenchyma -def: "functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues." [Wikipedia:Parenchyma] +def: "Functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues." [Wikipedia:Parenchyma] xref: EHDAA:3015 xref: EHDAA:3905 xref: EHDAA:3999 @@ -5162,7 +5162,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0012429 ! hematopoietic tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000362 name: renal medulla -def: "the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003014] +def: "The inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003014] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -5261,7 +5261,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "urothelial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000366 name: flexor muscle -def: "a skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/flexor+muscle, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/57] +def: "A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/flexor+muscle, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/57] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "flexor" RELATED [] @@ -5352,7 +5352,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Definition generalized to accommodate A [Term] id: UBERON:0000371 name: syncytiotrophoblast -def: "extraembryonic cells of trophoblastic shell surrounding embryo, outside the cytotrophoblast layer, involved with implantation of the blastocyst by eroding extracellular matrix surrounding maternal endometrial cells at site of implantation, also contribute to villi. (dark staining, multinucleated)." [http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/placenta5.htm, Wikipedia:Syncytiotrophoblast] +def: "Extraembryonic cells of trophoblastic shell surrounding embryo, outside the cytotrophoblast layer, involved with implantation of the blastocyst by eroding extracellular matrix surrounding maternal endometrial cells at site of implantation, also contribute to villi. (dark staining, multinucleated)." [http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/placenta5.htm, Wikipedia:Syncytiotrophoblast] synonym: "syncitiotrophoblast" RELATED [] synonym: "syncitiotrophoblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Syncytiotrophoblast] synonym: "syncytial trophoblast" EXACT [FMA:83040] @@ -5612,7 +5612,7 @@ consider: FMA:75430 [Term] id: UBERON:0000381 name: urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle -def: "bundles of smooth muscle fibers forming the muscular wall of the urinary bladder, which are arranged in a longitudinal and a circular layer and, on contraction, serve to expel urine[MP]." [MP:0011774, Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle] +def: "Bundles of smooth muscle fibers forming the muscular wall of the urinary bladder, which are arranged in a longitudinal and a circular layer and, on contraction, serve to expel urine[MP]." [MP:0011774, Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "detrusor" EXACT [FMA:68018] synonym: "detrusor muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001453] @@ -5716,7 +5716,7 @@ consider: HAO:0000449 [Term] id: UBERON:0000387 name: meniscus -def: "crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure present in the knee, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints[2] that, in contrast to articular disks, only partly divides a joint cavity.[3] A small meniscus also occurs in the radio-carpal joint." [Wikipedia:Meniscus_(anatomy)] +def: "Crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure present in the knee, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints[2] that, in contrast to articular disks, only partly divides a joint cavity.[3] A small meniscus also occurs in the radio-carpal joint." [Wikipedia:Meniscus_(anatomy)] synonym: "articular disc" EXACT [FMA:76690] xref: BTO:0001592 xref: EV:0100145 @@ -5786,7 +5786,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000391 name: leptomeninx -def: "pia mater or arachnoid mater." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/300, Wikipedia:Leptomeninges] +def: "Pia mater or arachnoid mater." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/300, Wikipedia:Leptomeninges] subset: organ_slim synonym: "arachnoid mater and pia mater" RELATED [FMA:231515] synonym: "arachnoidea mater et pia mater" RELATED [BTO:0001634] @@ -5970,7 +5970,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008343 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus of jejun [Term] id: UBERON:0000401 name: mandibular ramus -def: "the upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010150] +def: "The upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010150] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lower ramus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "mandible ramus" EXACT [MA:0002815] @@ -6123,7 +6123,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0000411 name: visual cortex -def: "the part of the cerebral cortex responsible for processing visual information." [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] +def: "The part of the cerebral cortex responsible for processing visual information." [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] comment: The visual cortex is made up of Brodmann area 17 (the primary visual cortex), and Brodmann area 18 and Brodmann area 19, the extrastriate cortical areas. subset: efo_slim synonym: "higher-order visual cortex" RELATED [FMA:242644] @@ -6789,7 +6789,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0000460 name: major vestibular gland -def: "the paired glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in the superficial perineal pouch in females; they secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands in males." [MGI:anna, MP:0011787] +def: "The paired glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in the superficial perineal pouch in females; they secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands in males." [MGI:anna, MP:0011787] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Bartholin gland" EXACT [] @@ -7752,7 +7752,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/S id: UBERON:0000908 name: hippocampal commissure alt_id: UBERON:Commissure-MA_0002723 -def: "the triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008221] +def: "The triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008221] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissura hippocampi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61970, FMA:TA] @@ -8494,7 +8494,7 @@ consider: ZFA:0000068 [Term] id: UBERON:0000939 name: imaginal disc -def: "one of the parts of a holometabolous insect larva that will become a portion of the outside of the adult insect during the pupal transformation." [Wikipedia:Imaginal_disc] +def: "One of the parts of a holometabolous insect larva that will become a portion of the outside of the adult insect during the pupal transformation." [Wikipedia:Imaginal_disc] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "imaginal disk" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0004658 @@ -8896,7 +8896,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0011145 [Term] id: UBERON:0000953 name: obsolete visceral muscle -def: "involuntary non-striated muscle." [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle] +def: "Involuntary non-striated muscle." [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle] synonym: "adult visceral muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "smooth muscle" EXACT [] xref: Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle @@ -8906,7 +8906,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000954 name: obsolete intestine muscle -def: "intestinal muscle cell, attach to intestine and body wall anterior to anus." [WB:Paper00000653] +def: "Intestinal muscle cell, attach to intestine and body wall anterior to anus." [WB:Paper00000653] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intestinal muscle" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true @@ -9194,7 +9194,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy [Term] id: UBERON:0000964 name: cornea -def: "the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217, MP:0001312] +def: "The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217, MP:0001312] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -10095,7 +10095,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Examination of different vertebrate species show [Term] id: UBERON:0000992 name: ovary -def: "the gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001126, Wikipedia:Ovary] +def: "The gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001126, Wikipedia:Ovary] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -10235,7 +10235,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Some species have multiple spermathecae, as seen in [Term] id: UBERON:0000995 name: uterus -def: "the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth." [MGI:csmith, MP:0001120] +def: "The female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth." [MGI:csmith, MP:0001120] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -10313,7 +10313,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as [Term] id: UBERON:0000997 name: mammalian vulva -def: "external genital organs of the female mammal[WP]." [Wikipedia:Vulva] +def: "External genital organs of the female mammal[WP]." [Wikipedia:Vulva] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -10508,7 +10508,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - split from exoskeleton? Also: See above sf i [Term] id: UBERON:0001002 name: cuticle -def: "tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection. Cuticles are non-homologous, differing in their origin, structure and chemical composition[WP]." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3348965&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Cuticle] +def: "Tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection. Cuticles are non-homologous, differing in their origin, structure and chemical composition[WP]." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3348965&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Cuticle] subset: grouping_class subset: non_informative subset: uberon_slim @@ -10785,7 +10785,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "This definition is inclusive of the organs of the v [Term] id: UBERON:0001009 name: circulatory system -def: "organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system] +def: "Organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "systema cardiovasculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system] xref: AAO:0000959 @@ -11716,7 +11716,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The few structural specializations in (adult lam [Term] id: UBERON:0001044 name: saliva-secreting gland -def: "saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]." [GO:0007431, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland] +def: "Saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]." [GO:0007431, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland] subset: efo_slim subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim @@ -11949,7 +11949,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypopharyngeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001052 name: rectum -def: "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000492] +def: "The terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000492] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -12145,7 +12145,7 @@ xref: ZFA:0100000 id: UBERON:0001063 name: flocculus alt_id: UBERON:Flocculus-MA_0000992 -def: "the small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule that receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0838580343, MGI:csmith, MP:0010006, Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)] +def: "The small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule that receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0838580343, MGI:csmith, MP:0010006, Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83881] @@ -12598,7 +12598,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Projections on each side of the vertebra fr [Term] id: UBERON:0001078 name: pedicle of vertebra -def: "the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004604] +def: "The two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004604] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pedicle" BROAD [] @@ -13106,7 +13106,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001097 name: axillary lymph node -def: "the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002340] +def: "The lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002340] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "axillary node" EXACT [] @@ -13477,7 +13477,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The thyrohyoid is a somitic muscle that par [Term] id: UBERON:0001111 name: intercostal muscle -def: "the respiratory muscles that arise from the lower border of one rib and insert into the upper border of the adjoining rib." [MESH:A02.633.567.900.500, MGI:csmith, MP:0002280] +def: "The respiratory muscles that arise from the lower border of one rib and insert into the upper border of the adjoining rib." [MESH:A02.633.567.900.500, MGI:csmith, MP:0002280] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -14603,7 +14603,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocr [Term] id: UBERON:0001152 name: cystic duct -def: "the tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009493] +def: "The tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009493] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -15026,7 +15026,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001165 name: pyloric antrum -def: "the area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010790] +def: "The area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010790] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -15062,7 +15062,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001166 name: pylorus -def: "the stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010785] +def: "The stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010785] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars pylorica" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -15100,7 +15100,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001167 name: wall of stomach -def: "the layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010783] +def: "The layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010783] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -15232,7 +15232,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which [Term] id: UBERON:0001174 name: common bile duct -def: "the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009495] +def: "The part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009495] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -15865,7 +15865,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane l [Term] id: UBERON:0001200 name: submucosa of stomach -def: "the fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010794] +def: "The fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010794] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gastric submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach submucosa" EXACT [] @@ -15891,7 +15891,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001201 name: serosa of stomach -def: "the outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010793] +def: "The outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010793] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -15976,7 +15976,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the adult Xenopus stomach exhibits both gl [Term] id: UBERON:0001203 name: muscularis mucosae of stomach -def: "the thin layer of smooth muscle in the mucosal layer of the stomach that functions to agitate the surface area stomach mucosa by moving the villi back and forth." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010806] +def: "The thin layer of smooth muscle in the mucosal layer of the stomach that functions to agitate the surface area stomach mucosa by moving the villi back and forth." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010806] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gastric muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae (tunica mucosa)(gaster)" EXACT [] @@ -16035,7 +16035,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001205 name: submucosa of small intestine -def: "submucosal tissue in the small intestines." [Wikipedia:Small_intestinal_submucosa] +def: "Submucosal tissue in the small intestines." [Wikipedia:Small_intestinal_submucosa] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "small bowel submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal submucosa" EXACT [] @@ -16172,7 +16172,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001211 name: Peyer's patch -def: "the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MESH:A10.549.600, MP:0000696, PMID:15841100] +def: "The protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MESH:A10.549.600, MP:0000696, PMID:15841100] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16237,7 +16237,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Said to be absent outside mammlian (Andrew 1959) bu id: UBERON:0001213 name: intestinal villus alt_id: UBERON:0007607 -def: "the tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold." [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk, MP:0008108] +def: "The tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold." [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk, MP:0008108] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -16536,7 +16536,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "In the adult metanephros, it forms a continuous [Term] id: UBERON:0001226 name: major calyx -def: "portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains several minor calyces." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] +def: "Portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains several minor calyces." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] comment: major calyx collects urine from several renal papillae; all major calyces unite to form the renal pelvis subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calices renales majores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_calyx] @@ -16554,7 +16554,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Kidney:PioM.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001227 name: minor calyx -def: "portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains one renal papilla." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] +def: "Portion of the urinary collecting system within the kidney that drains one renal papilla." [http://anatomy.uams.edu/anatomyhtml/kidney.html] comment: one renal papilla projects into the lumen of one minor calyx; several minor calyces unite to form a major calyx subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calices renales minores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Minor_calyx] @@ -16595,7 +16595,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Kidney:PioM.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001229 name: renal corpuscle -def: "the structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002827] +def: "The structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002827] comment: Together, the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16785,7 +16785,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the left adrenal gland is semilunar shap [Term] id: UBERON:0001235 name: adrenal cortex -def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0008288] +def: "The thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0008288] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16830,7 +16830,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Kardong states that mammals are the first to have d [Term] id: UBERON:0001236 name: adrenal medulla -def: "the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine." [MESH:A06.407.071.265, MGI:llw2, MP:0008289] +def: "The inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine." [MESH:A06.407.071.265, MGI:llw2, MP:0008289] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -16957,7 +16957,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001241 name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine -def: "the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004841] +def: "The tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004841] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuhn of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -17076,7 +17076,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check serosa/peritoneum" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001244 name: internal anal sphincter -def: "the smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular muscle fibers of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter." [MGI:anna, MP:0009055] +def: "The smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular muscle fibers of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter." [MGI:anna, MP:0009055] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "circular layer of anal muscularis externa" EXACT [] @@ -17230,7 +17230,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001250 name: red pulp of spleen -def: "the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002356] +def: "The parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002356] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulpa rubra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15844, FMA:TA] @@ -17255,7 +17255,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001251 name: marginal zone of spleen -def: "the zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002362] +def: "The zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002362] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "junctional zone of spleen" EXACT [] synonym: "marginal zone" BROAD [Wikipedia:Marginal_zone] @@ -17333,7 +17333,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MP treats ureter urothelium and ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0001255 name: urinary bladder -def: "distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP]." [MGI:anna, Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder] +def: "Distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP]." [MGI:anna, Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder] subset: efo_slim subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim @@ -17404,7 +17404,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001257 name: trigone of urinary bladder -def: "the smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa." [MGI:anna, MP:0011768] +def: "The smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa." [MGI:anna, MP:0011768] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bladder trigone" EXACT [] @@ -17461,7 +17461,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001259 name: mucosa of urinary bladder -def: "the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder." [MGI:anna, MP:0011766] +def: "The mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder." [MGI:anna, MP:0011766] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bladder mucosa" EXACT [] @@ -18087,7 +18087,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in [Term] id: UBERON:0001282 name: intralobular bile duct -def: "the tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009499] +def: "The tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009499] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "canal of Hering" RELATED [] @@ -18281,7 +18281,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Renal tubule that connects to the renal cor [Term] id: UBERON:0001288 name: loop of Henle -def: "the section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004755] +def: "The section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004755] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ansa nephroni" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Loop_of_Henle] @@ -18314,7 +18314,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The structure differs considerably between species; [Term] id: UBERON:0001289 name: descending limb of loop of Henle -def: "the portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure." [MGI:anna, MP:0011341] +def: "The portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure." [MGI:anna, MP:0011341] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "descending limb" BROAD [] @@ -18366,7 +18366,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Portion of the renal tubule which is just p [Term] id: UBERON:0001291 name: thick ascending limb of loop of Henle -def: "the distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule." [MGI:anna, MP:0011344] +def: "The distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule." [MGI:anna, MP:0011344] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ascending thick limb" EXACT [] @@ -18472,7 +18472,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "unique to mammals" xsd:string {source="GO:0072053"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001295 name: endometrium -def: "the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy." [MESH:A05.360.319.679.490, MGI:smb, MP:0004896] +def: "The glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy." [MESH:A05.360.319.679.490, MGI:smb, MP:0004896] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -18512,7 +18512,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Animals that have estrous cycles reabsorb the endom [Term] id: UBERON:0001296 name: myometrium -def: "the smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium." [MESH:A02.633.570.500, MGI:brs, MP:0008256] +def: "The smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium." [MESH:A02.633.570.500, MGI:brs, MP:0008256] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -18597,7 +18597,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/A [Term] id: UBERON:0001299 name: glans penis -def: "the conic expansion of the corpus spongiosum that forms the head of the penis." [MGI:anna, MP:0009102] +def: "The conic expansion of the corpus spongiosum that forms the head of the penis." [MGI:anna, MP:0009102] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "balanus" RELATED [BTO:0003118] @@ -18626,7 +18626,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Male:anatomy.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001300 name: scrotum -def: "the external sac of skin that encloses the testes. It is an extension of the abdomen, and in placentals is located between the penis and anus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002669, Wikipedia:Scrotum] +def: "The external sac of skin that encloses the testes. It is an extension of the abdomen, and in placentals is located between the penis and anus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002669, Wikipedia:Scrotum] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0003098 @@ -18659,7 +18659,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The scrotum of marsupials is not homologous with th [Term] id: UBERON:0001301 name: epididymis -def: "the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002631] +def: "The elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002631] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -18730,7 +18730,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0001304 name: germinal epithelium of ovary -def: "layer of simple cuboidal cells covering surface of ovary[WP]." [PMID:16923182, Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(female), Wikipedia:Talk\:Germinal_epithelium_(female)] +def: "Layer of simple cuboidal cells covering surface of ovary[WP]." [PMID:16923182, Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(female), Wikipedia:Talk\:Germinal_epithelium_(female)] comment: Controversial - see article. Requires expert input. Also check BTO placement synonym: "epithelium superficiale (ovarium)" EXACT [] synonym: "female coelomic epithelium" RELATED [EMAPA:17384] @@ -19413,7 +19413,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Female:anatomy.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001335 name: prostatic urethra -def: "the widest and most dilatable part of the male urethra canal which runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; this portion of the urethral canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion; it is lined by transitional epithelium and contains in its posterior wall, or floor, the orifices of the prostatic utricle, ejaculatory ducts, and prostatic ducts, collectively known as the seminal colliculus (aka verumontanum)." [MGI:anna, MP:0011777] +def: "The widest and most dilatable part of the male urethra canal which runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; this portion of the urethral canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion; it is lined by transitional epithelium and contains in its posterior wall, or floor, the orifices of the prostatic utricle, ejaculatory ducts, and prostatic ducts, collectively known as the seminal colliculus (aka verumontanum)." [MGI:anna, MP:0011777] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "male prostatic urethra" EXACT [MP:0011777] @@ -19455,7 +19455,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MA class sex-neutral" xsd:string {exter [Term] id: UBERON:0001337 name: spongiose part of urethra -def: "the longest part of the male urethra contained in the corpus spongiosum and extending from the end of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice; commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward; while narrow and of uniform size in the body of the penis, it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae; the spongy urethra is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium proximally, and by stratified squamous epithelium distally." [MGI:anna, MP:0011779] +def: "The longest part of the male urethra contained in the corpus spongiosum and extending from the end of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice; commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward; while narrow and of uniform size in the body of the penis, it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae; the spongy urethra is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium proximally, and by stratified squamous epithelium distally." [MGI:anna, MP:0011779] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavernous portion of male urethra" EXACT [MP:0011779] @@ -21102,7 +21102,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/L [Term] id: UBERON:0001404 name: radial artery -def: "branch of the brachial artery beginning below the elbow and extending down the forearm around the wrist and into the palm." [https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/arteria%20radialis] +def: "Branch of the brachial artery beginning below the elbow and extending down the forearm around the wrist and into the palm." [https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/arteria%20radialis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria radialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Radial_artery] xref: EMAPA:37112 {source="MA:th"} @@ -21410,7 +21410,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0001420 name: subscapular vein -def: "a vein formed by the confluence of the thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular veins and accompanying the subscapular artery to drain into the axillary vein." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97509] +def: "A vein formed by the confluence of the thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular veins and accompanying the subscapular artery to drain into the axillary vein." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97509] synonym: "vena subscapularis" EXACT LATIN [] xref: EMAPA:37190 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:23113 @@ -21965,7 +21965,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the pr [Term] id: UBERON:0001439 name: compact bone tissue -def: "the outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone; consists of parallel osteons containing mineral deposits and interstitial lamellae." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:hdene, MP:0003797] +def: "The outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone; consists of parallel osteons containing mineral deposits and interstitial lamellae." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:hdene, MP:0003797] comment: MP distinguishes compact/cortical bone. in other AOs they are syns subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -22336,7 +22336,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "synonymous with the fibulare of basal tetrapods." x [Term] id: UBERON:0001451 name: navicular bone of pes -def: "the oval-shaped tarsal bone found between the talus and the 3 cuneiform bones." [MGI:llw2, MP:0009727] +def: "The oval-shaped tarsal bone found between the talus and the 3 cuneiform bones." [MGI:llw2, MP:0009727] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central tarsal bone" RELATED [] @@ -22971,7 +22971,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA, this is part of the bony pector [Term] id: UBERON:0001471 name: skin of prepuce of penis -def: "the loose fold of skin that covers the penis." [MP:0003553, NCBI:matt] +def: "The loose fold of skin that covers the penis." [MP:0003553, NCBI:matt] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "foreskin of penis" EXACT [] synonym: "penis foreskin" EXACT [] @@ -23901,7 +23901,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/ [Term] id: UBERON:0001508 name: arch of aorta -def: "the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004113] +def: "The convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004113] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aortic arch" RELATED [FMA:3768] @@ -24065,7 +24065,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "results from fusion of left and right dorsal [Term] id: UBERON:0001515 name: thoracic aorta -def: "the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest." [http://www.medterms.com, MP:0010468] +def: "The part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest." [http://www.medterms.com, MP:0010468] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24387,7 +24387,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Forearm:labeled.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001529 name: brachiocephalic artery -def: "the short first aortic arch branch and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010663] +def: "The short first aortic arch branch and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010663] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24582,7 +24582,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in humans, arises from the relatively short brachio [Term] id: UBERON:0001535 name: vertebral artery -def: "the first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011513] +def: "The first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011513] comment: The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -24728,7 +24728,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001542 name: inguinal lymph node -def: "the lymph nodes located in the groin area." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002353] +def: "The lymph nodes located in the groin area." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002353] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:35431 @@ -24745,7 +24745,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0001543 name: popliteal lymph node -def: "the lymph nodes which drain the legs; contained in the popliteal fossa." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002352, Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_node] +def: "The lymph nodes which drain the legs; contained in the popliteal fossa." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002352, Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_node] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "popliteal glands" RELATED [Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_nodes] @@ -24851,7 +24851,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001548 name: lateral marginal vein -def: "a continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the short saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Lateral_marginal_vein] +def: "A continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the short saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Lateral_marginal_vein] synonym: "lateral marginal vein of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44359, FMA:TA] @@ -24882,7 +24882,7 @@ relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0008783 ! dorsal venous arch [Term] id: UBERON:0001550 name: medial marginal vein -def: "a continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the long saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Medial_marginal_vein] +def: "A continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the long saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Medial_marginal_vein] synonym: "medial marginal vein of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis medialis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis medialis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44420, FMA:TA] @@ -27182,7 +27182,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001641 name: transverse sinus -def: "one of the dural venous sinuses and drains the superior sagittal sinus the occipital sinus and the straight sinus, and empties into the sigmoid sinus which in turn reaches the jugular bulb." [http://radiopaedia.org/articles/transverse-sinus] +def: "One of the dural venous sinuses and drains the superior sagittal sinus the occipital sinus and the straight sinus, and empties into the sigmoid sinus which in turn reaches the jugular bulb." [http://radiopaedia.org/articles/transverse-sinus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "groove for right and left transverse sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] synonym: "lateral sinus" RELATED [FMA:50763] @@ -27848,7 +27848,7 @@ relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 {source="FMA", source="TFD"} ! retroma [Term] id: UBERON:0001659 name: transverse facial vein -def: "a tributary of the superficial temporal or retromandibular veins, anastomosing with the facial vein." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transverse+facial+vein] +def: "A tributary of the superficial temporal or retromandibular veins, anastomosing with the facial vein." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transverse+facial+vein] subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:37200 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:50938 @@ -28193,7 +28193,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In Xenopus, the profundal and the trigeminal gangli [Term] id: UBERON:0001676 name: occipital bone -def: "the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005269] +def: "The bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005269] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "occipital complex" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/occiput.html] @@ -28266,7 +28266,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "part of viscerocranium (facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001678 name: temporal bone -def: "the large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005272] +def: "The large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005272] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_bone] @@ -28333,7 +28333,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "todo - homology e.g. mesethmoid of teleost" xsd:str [Term] id: UBERON:0001680 name: lacrimal bone -def: "the irregularly thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005271] +def: "The irregularly thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005271] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -28445,7 +28445,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Fusion of dermopalatine+autopalatine." xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001683 name: jugal bone -def: "the quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005270] +def: "The quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005270] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cheek bone" EXACT [] @@ -28969,7 +28969,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA, this overlaps with bones such a [Term] id: UBERON:0001698 name: foramen ovale of skull -def: "one of the larger of the several holes at the base of the skull that transmit nerves through the skull. The foramen ovale is situated in the anterior part of the sphenoid bone, posteriolateral to the foramen rotundum.." [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(skull)] +def: "One of the larger of the several holes at the base of the skull that transmit nerves through the skull. The foramen ovale is situated in the anterior part of the sphenoid bone, posteriolateral to the foramen rotundum.." [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(skull)] synonym: "foramen ovale" NARROW [AAO:0000169, FMA:53155] synonym: "foramen ovale (skull)" EXACT [FMA:53155] synonym: "foramen ovale basis cranii" EXACT [galen:ForamenOvaleBasisCranii] @@ -29023,7 +29023,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001700 name: geniculate ganglion -def: "the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001082] +def: "The group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001082] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -29487,7 +29487,7 @@ id: UBERON:0001714 name: cranial ganglion alt_id: UBERON:0003213 alt_id: UBERON:0026601 -def: "the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0001081, PMID:9362461] +def: "The groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0001081, PMID:9362461] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -30011,7 +30011,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, saste buds may be found on the tongue, s [Term] id: UBERON:0001728 name: nasopharynx -def: "the section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002251] +def: "The section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002251] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epipharynx" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharynx] @@ -30048,7 +30048,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans - in front it communicates through the ch [Term] id: UBERON:0001729 name: oropharynx -def: "the portion of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the upper edge of the epiglottis." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002252] +def: "The portion of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the upper edge of the epiglottis." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002252] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -30120,7 +30120,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "See notes for pharynx - as a grouping class this is [Term] id: UBERON:0001732 name: pharyngeal tonsil -def: "the lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002384] +def: "The lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002384] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adenoid" EXACT [] @@ -30208,7 +30208,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In a study of eight mammals a small underdeveloped [Term] id: UBERON:0001735 name: tonsillar ring -def: "the circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002379] +def: "The circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002379] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anulus lymphoideus pharyngis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55070, FMA:TA] @@ -30312,7 +30312,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages [Term] id: UBERON:0001738 name: thyroid cartilage -def: "the largest of the laryngeal cartilages." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002260] +def: "The largest of the laryngeal cartilages." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002260] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago thyroidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] @@ -30371,7 +30371,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages [Term] id: UBERON:0001740 name: arytenoid cartilage -def: "the paired triangular laryngeal cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002257] +def: "The paired triangular laryngeal cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002257] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arytenoid" EXACT [EMAPA:18695] @@ -30935,7 +30935,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0001762 name: turbinate bone -def: "the small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002244] +def: "The small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002244] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "concha" RELATED [EMAPA:25093] @@ -31065,7 +31065,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/I [Term] id: UBERON:0001766 name: anterior chamber of eyeball -def: "the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens." [MESH:A09.371.060.067, MP:0005205] +def: "The space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens." [MESH:A09.371.060.067, MP:0005205] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior chamber" EXACT [HP:0000593, MP:0010709] synonym: "anterior chamber of eye" EXACT [] @@ -31098,7 +31098,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "space in EHDAA2 - consider adding Cavit [Term] id: UBERON:0001767 name: posterior chamber of eyeball -def: "the ring-like space, filled with aqueous humor, between the iris/pupil anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005299] +def: "The ring-like space, filled with aqueous humor, between the iris/pupil anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005299] comment: The posterior chamber should not be confused with vitreous chamber. subset: pheno_slim synonym: "c. posterior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball] @@ -31123,7 +31123,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001768 name: uvea -def: "the pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited]." [MP:0005197, Wikipedia:Uvea] +def: "The pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited]." [MP:0005197, Wikipedia:Uvea] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars iridica retinae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uvea] @@ -31157,7 +31157,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "uveal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001769 name: iris -def: "the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001322] +def: "The adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001322] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -31215,7 +31215,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - resolve lacrimal canaliculus vs lacrimal duc [Term] id: UBERON:0001771 name: pupil -def: "the central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001317] +def: "The central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001317] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -31244,7 +31244,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably simil [Term] id: UBERON:0001772 name: corneal epithelium -def: "the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea." [MESH:A09.371.060.217.325, MGI:smb, MP:0006000] +def: "The smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea." [MESH:A09.371.060.217.325, MGI:smb, MP:0006000] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -31361,7 +31361,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "Many ontologies do not appear to have a [Term] id: UBERON:0001775 name: ciliary body -def: "the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005099, Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] +def: "The thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005099, Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -31398,7 +31398,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably simil [Term] id: UBERON:0001776 name: optic choroid -def: "vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP]." [Wikipedia:Choroid] +def: "Vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP]." [Wikipedia:Choroid] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -31442,7 +31442,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "choroidal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001777 name: substantia propria of cornea -def: "the lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217.228, MP:0005300] +def: "The lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060.217.228, MP:0005300] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -31521,7 +31521,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001780 name: spinal nerve -def: "the any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified]." [MESH:A08.800.800.720, MP:0001077] +def: "The any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified]." [MESH:A08.800.800.720, MP:0001077] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "backbone nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -31988,7 +31988,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) an essentially similar sequence of events id: UBERON:0001793 name: nerve fiber layer of retina alt_id: UBERON:0005888 -def: "layer of the retina formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MGI:smb] +def: "Layer of the retina formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MGI:smb] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of nerve fibers of retina" EXACT [] @@ -32235,7 +32235,7 @@ intersection_of: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0001027 ! sensory nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001801 name: anterior segment of eyeball -def: "any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060, MP:0005193] +def: "Any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A09.371.060, MP:0005193] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior eye segment" EXACT [] @@ -32265,7 +32265,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/C [Term] id: UBERON:0001802 name: posterior segment of eyeball -def: "any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005195] +def: "Any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005195] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "eye posterior segment" EXACT [] @@ -32323,7 +32323,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class is the superclass of the anterior epit [Term] id: UBERON:0001804 name: capsule of lens -def: "the elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens." [MGI:smb, MP:0003236, PMID:15483628] +def: "The elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens." [MGI:smb, MP:0003236, PMID:15483628] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -32355,7 +32355,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "synthesized by the lens epithelium and its main [Term] id: UBERON:0001805 name: autonomic ganglion -def: "ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] +def: "Ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autonomic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion autonomicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] @@ -32508,7 +32508,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA this is a subtype of junction ra [Term] id: UBERON:0001811 name: conjunctiva -def: "the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball." [MESH:A09.371.060.200, MGI:csmith, MP:0001310] +def: "The mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball." [MESH:A09.371.060.200, MGI:csmith, MP:0001310] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -32564,7 +32564,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0001813 name: spinal nerve plexus -def: "an intermingling of fiber fascicles from adjacent spinal nerves to form a network." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70024] +def: "An intermingling of fiber fascicles from adjacent spinal nerves to form a network." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70024] synonym: "plexus nervorum spinalium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5903, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus of spinal nerves" EXACT [FMA:5903] synonym: "somatic nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5903] @@ -32744,7 +32744,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001820 name: sweat gland -def: "any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000674] +def: "Any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000674] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -32882,7 +32882,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001825 name: paranasal sinus -def: "the paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002240] +def: "The paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002240] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nasal sinus" RELATED [GAID:355] @@ -33071,7 +33071,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The most common oral glands in mammals are the s [Term] id: UBERON:0001832 name: sublingual gland -def: "the small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland." [MGI:hdene, MP:0004035] +def: "The small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland." [MGI:hdene, MP:0004035] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus sublingualis" EXACT [] @@ -33418,7 +33418,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "detects angular acceleration" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001844 name: cochlea -def: "the spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea. [WP,modified]." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000031, Wikipedia:Cochlea] +def: "The spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea. [WP,modified]." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000031, Wikipedia:Cochlea] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -33570,7 +33570,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The earlobe is composed of tough areolar and ad [Term] id: UBERON:0001848 name: auricular cartilage -def: "cartilage of the pinna and much of the external ear canal." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/auricular+cartilage] +def: "Cartilage of the pinna and much of the external ear canal." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/auricular+cartilage] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cartilage of pinna" EXACT [FMA:61013] synonym: "pinna cartilage" EXACT [] @@ -33685,7 +33685,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "otolymphic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001853 name: utricle of membranous labyrinth -def: "the larger of the two otolith organs in the vestibule." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006090, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Utricle_(ear)] +def: "The larger of the two otolith organs in the vestibule." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006090, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Utricle_(ear)] comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5; AAO has both utricle and utriculus; these are generally considered synonyms - e.g. http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=utriculus subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -33719,7 +33719,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has t [Term] id: UBERON:0001854 name: saccule of membranous labyrinth -def: "the smaller of the two otolith organs in the vestibule." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006089, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Saccule] +def: "The smaller of the two otolith organs in the vestibule." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006089, PMID:15363417, Wikipedia:Saccule] comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5 subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -33861,7 +33861,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Gnathostome ears have a horizontal semicircular [Term] id: UBERON:0001860 name: endolymphatic duct -def: "the small membranous canal, connecting with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passing through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminating in the endolymphatic sac." [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006011] +def: "The small membranous canal, connecting with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passing through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminating in the endolymphatic sac." [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006011] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -33930,7 +33930,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0001863 name: scala vestibuli -def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane." [MGI:anna, MP:0003168] +def: "The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane." [MGI:anna, MP:0003168] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:35753 @@ -33948,7 +33948,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001864 name: scala tympani -def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina." [MGI:anna, MP:0003167] +def: "The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina." [MGI:anna, MP:0003167] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:35752 @@ -35428,7 +35428,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "subthalamic" xsd:string id: UBERON:0001901 name: epithelium of trachea alt_id: UBERON:0003227 -def: "the epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002285] +def: "The epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002285] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelial tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -36196,7 +36196,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002965 {source="NIFSTD"} ! rostral intralaminar nu [Term] id: UBERON:0001924 name: paracentral nucleus -def: "one of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus." [MP:0008928] +def: "One of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus." [MP:0008928] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis superior (kusama)" EXACT [BIRNLEX:981] synonym: "nucleus paracentral" EXACT [BIRNLEX:981] @@ -36285,7 +36285,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/T [Term] id: UBERON:0001926 name: lateral geniculate body -def: "the group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004165] +def: "The group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004165] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -37503,7 +37503,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "A pseudostratified epithelium, containing basal cel [Term] id: UBERON:0001959 name: white pulp of spleen -def: "the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002357] +def: "The parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002357] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "noduli lymphoidei splenici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_pulp] @@ -37546,7 +37546,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA distinguishes periarterial (PALS) f [Term] id: UBERON:0001961 name: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue -def: "diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mucosa-associated_lymphoid_tissue] +def: "Diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mucosa-associated_lymphoid_tissue] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epithelio-lymphoid tissue" EXACT [FMA:62819] @@ -37794,7 +37794,7 @@ intersection_of: surrounds CL:0000232 ! erythrocyte [Term] id: UBERON:0001970 name: bile -def: "vital aqueous secretion of the liver that is formed by hepatocytes and modified down stream by absorptive and secretory properties of the bile duct epithelium." [DOI:10.1002/cphy.c120027, Wikipedia:Bile] +def: "Vital aqueous secretion of the liver that is formed by hepatocytes and modified down stream by absorptive and secretory properties of the bile duct epithelium." [DOI:10.1002/cphy.c120027, Wikipedia:Bile] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fel" RELATED [BTO:0000121] @@ -37934,7 +37934,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001976 name: epithelium of esophagus -def: "the epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000468] +def: "The epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000468] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -38156,7 +38156,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "capillaries lack tunica media and tunica advent [Term] id: UBERON:0001983 name: crypt of Lieberkuhn -def: "the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/213, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000490] +def: "The tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/213, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000490] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT [] @@ -38268,7 +38268,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "endothelial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001987 name: placenta -def: "organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm, Wikipedia:Placenta] +def: "Organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm, Wikipedia:Placenta] comment: Marsupials possess only a rudimentary yolk-type placenta, with reduced nutrient and oxygen exchanging capabilities. subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim @@ -38394,7 +38394,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0001990 name: middle cervical ganglion -def: "the small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001016] +def: "The small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001016] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion] @@ -39018,7 +39018,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/p [Term] id: UBERON:0002015 name: kidney capsule -def: "the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney which is covered in a thick layer of perirenal adipose tissue that functions to provide some protection from trauma and damage." [MGI:anna, MP:0011383] +def: "The tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney which is covered in a thick layer of perirenal adipose tissue that functions to provide some protection from trauma and damage." [MGI:anna, MP:0011383] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capsula fibrosa renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:66610, FMA:TA] @@ -39327,7 +39327,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "two classes in ncit, Central_Lobe is pa [Term] id: UBERON:0002023 name: claustrum of brain -def: "one of the four basal ganglia in each cerebral hemisphere that consists of a thin lamina of gray matter between the lentiform nucleus and the insula[BTO]. The claustrum, which is suspected to be present in all mammals, is a fairly thin (fraction of 1 mm to multiple mms) vertical curved sheet of subcortical gray matter oriented sagittally between the white matter tracts of the external capsule and extreme capsule. The claustrum is lateral to the putamen and medial to the insular cortex and is considered by some sources to be part of the basal ganglia. There are lateral and medial tracts connecting to many cortices and perhaps to the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the caudate nucleus (connections with subcortical centers are a matter of debate)[WP]." [BTO:0004292, Wikipedia:Claustrum] +def: "One of the four basal ganglia in each cerebral hemisphere that consists of a thin lamina of gray matter between the lentiform nucleus and the insula[BTO]. The claustrum, which is suspected to be present in all mammals, is a fairly thin (fraction of 1 mm to multiple mms) vertical curved sheet of subcortical gray matter oriented sagittally between the white matter tracts of the external capsule and extreme capsule. The claustrum is lateral to the putamen and medial to the insular cortex and is considered by some sources to be part of the basal ganglia. There are lateral and medial tracts connecting to many cortices and perhaps to the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the caudate nucleus (connections with subcortical centers are a matter of debate)[WP]." [BTO:0004292, Wikipedia:Claustrum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "claustrum" EXACT [MA:0000888] synonym: "claustrum (Burdach)" RELATED [NeuroNames:252] @@ -39384,7 +39384,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002025 name: stratum basale of epidermis -def: "the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001231] +def: "The deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001231] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basal cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67540] @@ -39429,7 +39429,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "consisting of non-keratinized, viable cells, in [Term] id: UBERON:0002026 name: stratum spinosum of epidermis -def: "the layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001236] +def: "The layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001236] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epidermis prickle cell layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum spinosum" EXACT [] @@ -39458,7 +39458,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "Has cells that produce and secrete bipolar lipid [Term] id: UBERON:0002027 name: stratum corneum of epidermis -def: "the outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001240] +def: "The outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001240] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cornified layer" EXACT [] synonym: "epidermis stratum corneum" EXACT [] @@ -40323,7 +40323,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in FMA2 and FMA3, lobular bronchiole is [Term] id: UBERON:0002052 name: adrenal gland capsule -def: "the thick capsule of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds each adrenal gland and contains scattered elastic fibers; the capsule contains a rich plexus of blood vessels (mainly small arteries) and numerous nerve fibers; some blood vessels and nerves enter the substance of the gland in the trabeculae that extend inward from the capsule and then leave the trabeculae to enter the cortex." [MP:0013565] +def: "The thick capsule of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds each adrenal gland and contains scattered elastic fibers; the capsule contains a rich plexus of blood vessels (mainly small arteries) and numerous nerve fibers; some blood vessels and nerves enter the substance of the gland in the trabeculae that extend inward from the capsule and then leave the trabeculae to enter the cortex." [MP:0013565] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "adrenal capsule" RELATED [] synonym: "capsule of adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69087] @@ -40339,7 +40339,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002053 name: zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland -def: "the narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.960, MGI:llw2, MP:0008293] +def: "The narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.960, MGI:llw2, MP:0008293] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona glomerulosa" EXACT [MA:0001891] @@ -40365,7 +40365,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002054 name: zona fasciculata of adrenal gland -def: "the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol (hydrocortisone)." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.950, MP:0008294] +def: "The wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol (hydrocortisone)." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.950, MP:0008294] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona fasciculata" EXACT [MA:0001890] @@ -40389,7 +40389,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002055 name: zona reticularis of adrenal gland -def: "the inner zone of the adrenal cortex that produces the enzymes that convert pregnenolone, a 21-carbon steroid, to 19-carbon steroids." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.970, MP:0008295] +def: "The inner zone of the adrenal cortex that produces the enzymes that convert pregnenolone, a 21-carbon steroid, to 19-carbon steroids." [MESH:A06.407.071.140.970, MP:0008295] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona reticularis" EXACT [MA:0001892] @@ -40474,7 +40474,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Little is known about the development of parasym [Term] id: UBERON:0002059 name: submandibular ganglion -def: "the ganglion associated with the lingual nerve that provides postsynaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001035] +def: "The ganglion associated with the lingual nerve that provides postsynaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001035] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Blandin`s ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001318] @@ -40802,7 +40802,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "urachal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002069 name: stratum granulosum of epidermis -def: "the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001239] +def: "The layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001239] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epidermis granular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum granulosum" EXACT [] @@ -40994,7 +40994,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "general anatomical term in FMA. Note th [Term] id: UBERON:0002076 name: cuticle of hair -def: "smooth and glossy outer protective cell layer of hair shaft." [MGI:llw2, MP:0003810] +def: "Smooth and glossy outer protective cell layer of hair shaft." [MGI:llw2, MP:0003810] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hair cuticle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:35388 @@ -41370,7 +41370,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002089 name: thoracodorsal vein -def: "companion vein of the thoracodorsal artery, draining the apical part of the latissimus dorsi and merging with the circumflex scapular vein to form a subscapular vein." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97559] +def: "Companion vein of the thoracodorsal artery, draining the apical part of the latissimus dorsi and merging with the circumflex scapular vein to form a subscapular vein." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97559] xref: EMAPA:37198 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:71213 xref: MA:0002238 @@ -41902,7 +41902,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for balance and hea [Term] id: UBERON:0002106 name: spleen -def: "the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000689] +def: "The organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000689] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -42280,7 +42280,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube ab [Term] id: UBERON:0002115 name: jejunum -def: "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum." [MGI:monikat, MP:0004002] +def: "The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum." [MGI:monikat, MP:0004002] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -42318,7 +42318,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The jejunum is the middle section of the small inte [Term] id: UBERON:0002116 name: ileum -def: "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002581] +def: "The portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002581] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -42446,7 +42446,7 @@ intersection_of: bounding_layer_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0002123 name: cortex of thymus -def: "the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002371] +def: "The outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002371] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "thymic cortex" EXACT [BTO:0002934] synonym: "thymus cortex" EXACT [MA:0000767] @@ -42537,7 +42537,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA-abduced"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002127 name: inferior olivary complex -def: "largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. It is closely associated with the cerebellum, but its specific function is voluntary body movements." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] +def: "Largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. It is closely associated with the cerebellum, but its specific function is voluntary body movements." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -42705,7 +42705,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002131 name: anterior lobe of cerebellum -def: "the region of the cerebellum that is anterior to the primary fissure." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0009960] +def: "The region of the cerebellum that is anterior to the primary fissure." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0009960] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [] @@ -42740,7 +42740,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "responsible for mediating unconscious propriocep id: UBERON:0002132 name: dentate nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0008996 -def: "the largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009980] +def: "The largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009980] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentate cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1171] @@ -43228,7 +43228,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002146 name: pulmonary valve -def: "the semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_valve] +def: "The semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_valve] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulmonic valve" EXACT [] @@ -43501,7 +43501,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/G id: UBERON:0002153 name: fastigial nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0008997 -def: "the most medial of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives its afferent input from Purkinje cells of the flocculonodular lobe and the vermis, and most of its efferent connections travel via the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the vestibular nuclei and to the medullary reticular formation." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009983] +def: "The most medial of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives its afferent input from Purkinje cells of the flocculonodular lobe and the vermis, and most of its efferent connections travel via the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the vestibular nuclei and to the medullary reticular formation." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009983] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fasciculosus thalamic nucleus" RELATED [BAMS:Fas] @@ -44102,7 +44102,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002173 name: pulmonary alveolar duct -def: "the respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:cwg, MP:0002271] +def: "The respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:cwg, MP:0002271] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "alveolar duct" EXACT [MA:0000417] @@ -44402,7 +44402,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002185 name: bronchus -def: "the upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MESH:A04.411.125, MGI:cwg, MP:0002264] +def: "The upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MESH:A04.411.125, MGI:cwg, MP:0002264] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -44439,7 +44439,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the main bronchus is histologically iden [Term] id: UBERON:0002186 name: bronchiole -def: "the conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002267] +def: "The conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002267] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchioli" RELATED PLURAL [] @@ -44472,7 +44472,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "lacks submucosa and cartilage plates; they have [Term] id: UBERON:0002187 name: terminal bronchiole -def: "the last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002268] +def: "The last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002268] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchioli terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Terminal_bronchiole] @@ -45134,7 +45134,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "usually ossified in the adult human. By age 15 to 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0002208 name: sternebra -def: "one of the bony segments of the sternum[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sternebra, Wikipedia:Sternebra] +def: "One of the bony segments of the sternum[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sternebra, Wikipedia:Sternebra] comment: Note that some definitions state that this a segment of the primordial sternum. subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -45208,7 +45208,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has 'central zone of nerve' which i [Term] id: UBERON:0002212 name: macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth -def: "the oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies." [MGI:anna, MP:0004330] +def: "The oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies." [MGI:anna, MP:0004330] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -45262,7 +45262,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0002214 name: macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth -def: "the neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences." [MGI:anna, MP:0004333] +def: "The neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences." [MGI:anna, MP:0004333] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -45820,7 +45820,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0002236 name: costal cartilage -def: "the nonvascular, resilient, flexible hyaline connective tissue that connects the end of a true rib to the sternum or the end of a false rib with the with the lower border of the costal cartilage above it." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006432] +def: "The nonvascular, resilient, flexible hyaline connective tissue that connects the end of a true rib to the sternum or the end of a false rib with the with the lower border of the costal cartilage above it." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0006432] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilagines costales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage] @@ -45984,7 +45984,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "covers the brain dorsally in chondrichthyans" xsd:s [Term] id: UBERON:0002242 name: nucleus pulposus -def: "the jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord." [MGI:llw2, MP:0006392] +def: "The jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord." [MGI:llw2, MP:0006392] comment: Function noyes: It functions to distribute hydraulic pressure in all directions within each disc under compressive loads. subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -46015,7 +46015,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The nucleus pulposus consists of chondrocytes, [Term] id: UBERON:0002243 name: cutaneous vein -def: "one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cutaneous+vein] +def: "One of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cutaneous+vein] xref: EMAPA:37506 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:76720 xref: MA:0002098 @@ -46133,7 +46133,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Clarke's column (column of Clarke, dorsal n [Term] id: UBERON:0002247 name: uterine horn -def: "either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet; uterine horns are anterior Mullerian duct-derived structures." [MGI:anna, MP:0009085] +def: "Either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet; uterine horns are anterior Mullerian duct-derived structures." [MGI:anna, MP:0009085] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cornu uteri" RELATED [BTO:0004235] @@ -46413,7 +46413,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The anterior horn of the spinal cord (or an [Term] id: UBERON:0002258 name: dorsal funiculus of spinal cord -def: "the white substance of the spinal cord lying on either side between the posterior median sulcus and the dorsal root." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsal+funiculus] +def: "The white substance of the spinal cord lying on either side between the posterior median sulcus and the dorsal root." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsal+funiculus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal funiculus" EXACT [ZFA:0000501] @@ -47511,7 +47511,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/D [Term] id: UBERON:0002295 name: scala media -def: "the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti (the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing)." [MGI:anna, MP:0003169, PMID:1680563] +def: "The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti (the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing)." [MGI:anna, MP:0003169, PMID:1680563] comment: located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Scala media houses the organ of Corti. [Wikipedia:Scala_media] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -47689,7 +47689,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002302 name: myocardium of atrium -def: "the atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010493] +def: "The atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010493] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -47771,7 +47771,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check NIF xref" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002306 name: nasal mucus -def: "mucus produced in the nasal cavity, by the respiratory segment of the nasal mucosa." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Mucus produced in the nasal cavity, by the respiratory segment of the nasal mucosa." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "respiratory mucus" RELATED [BTO:0003603] xref: BTO:0003603 @@ -48147,7 +48147,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 {source="GO"} ! renal glomerulus vasculatur [Term] id: UBERON:0002321 name: extraglomerular mesangium -def: "the tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011340] +def: "The tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011340] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:28278 xref: FMA:84141 @@ -48162,7 +48162,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check MA part_ofs - should be spatially disjoint fr [Term] id: UBERON:0002322 name: periventricular nucleus -def: "a thin sheet of small neurons located in the wall of the third ventricle, a composite structure of the hypothalamus." [Wikipedia:Periventricular_nucleus] +def: "A thin sheet of small neurons located in the wall of the third ventricle, a composite structure of the hypothalamus." [Wikipedia:Periventricular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "periventricular nuclei" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0000260] @@ -48474,7 +48474,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "As in birds, the conus arteriosus split during e [Term] id: UBERON:0002334 name: submandibular duct -def: "the duct of the submadibular gland that opens at the sublingual papilla near the frenulum of the tongue." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009525] +def: "The duct of the submadibular gland that opens at the sublingual papilla near the frenulum of the tongue." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009525] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus submandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0004556] @@ -48832,7 +48832,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Thoracic vertebrae in all species are defined as th [Term] id: UBERON:0002348 name: epicardium -def: "a region of the serous membrane that forms the innermost layer of the pericardium and the outer surface of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "A region of the serous membrane that forms the innermost layer of the pericardium and the outer surface of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -48864,7 +48864,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "The visceral pericardium apparently produces the [Term] id: UBERON:0002349 name: myocardium -def: "the middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005329] +def: "The middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005329] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -49669,7 +49669,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "A thymus develops in all vertebrates from the en [Term] id: UBERON:0002371 name: bone marrow -def: "the soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002397] +def: "The soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002397] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -49713,7 +49713,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The bone marrow is the hematopoietic organ in al [Term] id: UBERON:0002372 name: tonsil -def: "either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002380] +def: "Either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002380] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -49745,7 +49745,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "the term 'tonsil' can be ambiguous, sometimes ref [Term] id: UBERON:0002373 name: palatine tonsil -def: "tonsils on the left and right sides at the back of the throat. one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), located at the entrance to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts to protect the body from the entry of exogenous material through mucosal sites[WP]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_tonsil] +def: "Tonsils on the left and right sides at the back of the throat. one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), located at the entrance to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts to protect the body from the entry of exogenous material through mucosal sites[WP]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_tonsil] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "faucial tonsil" EXACT [] @@ -50188,7 +50188,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "Naming conventions for pod terms under discus [Term] id: UBERON:0002387 name: pes -def: "distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Foot, Wikipedia:Pes_(anatomy)] +def: "Distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Foot, Wikipedia:Pes_(anatomy)] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -50350,7 +50350,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002392 name: nasolacrimal duct -def: "the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008969] +def: "The paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008969] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "d. nasolacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasolacrimal_duct] @@ -50498,7 +50498,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The talus is apparently derived from the fusion of [Term] id: UBERON:0002396 name: vomer -def: "the triangular flat bone of the nasal septum." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000098] +def: "The triangular flat bone of the nasal septum." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000098] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -50578,7 +50578,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "maxillary" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002398 name: manus -def: "distal segment of the fore limb, including carpal region, metacarpal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Hand, Wikipedia:Manus_(anatomy)] +def: "Distal segment of the fore limb, including carpal region, metacarpal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Hand, Wikipedia:Manus_(anatomy)] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fore foot" NARROW INCONSISTENT [] @@ -50807,7 +50807,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The antibody-based immune system defined by the [Term] id: UBERON:0002406 name: pericardial sac -def: "a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Pericardium] +def: "A double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Pericardium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pericardium" RELATED [] @@ -50957,7 +50957,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a [Term] id: UBERON:0002411 name: clitoris -def: "the small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0003127] +def: "The small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0003127] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -51571,7 +51571,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0006964 [Term] id: UBERON:0002432 name: pars intermedia of adenohypophysis -def: "the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults." [MGI:csmith, MP:0008130] +def: "The thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults." [MGI:csmith, MP:0008130] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -51641,7 +51641,7 @@ id: UBERON:0002434 name: pituitary stalk alt_id: UBERON:0003014 alt_id: UBERON:0014606 -def: "the apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009463] +def: "The apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009463] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -51964,7 +51964,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002441 name: cervicothoracic ganglion -def: "the group of neurons formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A08.340.315.350.800, MP:0001017] +def: "The group of neurons formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A08.340.315.350.800, MP:0001017] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervicothoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] @@ -52237,7 +52237,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "simple or branched tubular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002453 name: ethmoid sinus -def: "the evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the ethmoidal bony labyrinth, forming multiple small paranasal sinuses." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002245] +def: "The evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the ethmoidal bony labyrinth, forming multiple small paranasal sinuses." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002245] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cellulae ethmoidales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_sinus] @@ -52937,7 +52937,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The medial globus pallidus (or internal, GP [Term] id: UBERON:0002478 name: orbitosphenoid -def: "the bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004457] +def: "The bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004457] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ala minor (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52869] @@ -53103,7 +53103,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0002483 name: trabecular bone tissue -def: "bone tissue that has a lattice-like or spongy structure; it is highly vascular and contains intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0000130] +def: "Bone tissue that has a lattice-like or spongy structure; it is highly vascular and contains intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0000130] comment: one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compared to compact bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue, it has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occurs at the ends of long bones, proximal to joints and within the interior of vertebrae. Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells, occurs. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cancellous bone is the trabecula. subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -53133,7 +53133,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/I [Term] id: UBERON:0002484 name: bone marrow cavity -def: "the medullary cavities of the bones where bone marrow is stored." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000065, PMID:10709991] +def: "The medullary cavities of the bones where bone marrow is stored." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000065, PMID:10709991] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cavity of cancellous bone" EXACT [] synonym: "marrow cavity" EXACT [FMA:83698] @@ -53174,7 +53174,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003820 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! prostate b [Term] id: UBERON:0002486 name: glottis -def: "the vocal apparatus of the larynx, which includes the vocal cords and the opening between them." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002255] +def: "The vocal apparatus of the larynx, which includes the vocal cords and the opening between them." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002255] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0010610 @@ -53196,7 +53196,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A small, slit-like aperture lying longitudi [Term] id: UBERON:0002487 name: tooth cavity -def: "the central hollow space of a tooth." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002819] +def: "The central hollow space of a tooth." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0002819] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas dentis" EXACT [] @@ -53241,7 +53241,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0002489 name: coronal suture -def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones and the frontal bone." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003840] +def: "The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones and the frontal bone." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003840] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coronal suture of skull" EXACT [] @@ -53290,7 +53290,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in humans, the frontal suture is a dense connective [Term] id: UBERON:0002491 name: lambdoid suture -def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the occipital bone." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003841] +def: "The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the occipital bone." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003841] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lambdoid suture of skull" EXACT [] @@ -53312,7 +53312,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Gray188-Lambdoid:suture.png xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0002492 name: sagittal suture -def: "the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003843] +def: "The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones." [ISBN:0-8036-0655-9, MGI:smb, MP:0003843] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sagittal suture of skull" EXACT [] @@ -53332,7 +53332,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/K [Term] id: UBERON:0002493 name: uterine artery -def: "the branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina." [MGI:monikat, MP:0003995] +def: "The branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina." [MGI:monikat, MP:0003995] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria uterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uterine_artery] @@ -53352,7 +53352,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002494 name: papillary muscle of heart -def: "one of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle." [MGI:anna, MP:0004058] +def: "One of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle." [MGI:anna, MP:0004058] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus papillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Papillary_muscle] @@ -53449,7 +53449,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Anterior rounded projection of the pars acr [Term] id: UBERON:0002498 name: deltopectoral crest -def: "a rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004353] +def: "A rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004353] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "crista ventralis" EXACT [AAO:0000736] @@ -53497,7 +53497,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "we follow the FMA in placing this in the membranous [Term] id: UBERON:0002500 name: zygomatic arch -def: "the bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004469] +def: "The bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004469] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcus zygomaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_arch] @@ -53523,7 +53523,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "The zygomatic arch is occasionally referred t [Term] id: UBERON:0002501 name: oval window -def: "the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004479] +def: "The oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004479] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fenestra ovalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oval_window] @@ -53545,7 +53545,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002502 name: round window of inner ear -def: "the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004480] +def: "The opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004480] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlear window" RELATED [MA:0002814] @@ -53662,7 +53662,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0002508 name: celiac lymph node -def: "the visceral glands that are associated with the branches of the celiac artery, including the gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal (splenic) lymph nodes." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009626] +def: "The visceral glands that are associated with the branches of the celiac artery, including the gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal (splenic) lymph nodes." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009626] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aJCC level 20 node" RELATED [FMA:12792] @@ -53726,7 +53726,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "TAO:0001739 anterior cranial fontanel i [Term] id: UBERON:0002511 name: trabecula carnea -def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart." [MGI:monikat, MP:0004067] +def: "The supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart." [MGI:monikat, MP:0004067] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac trabecula" RELATED [GO:0060347] synonym: "columnae carneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trabeculae_carneae] @@ -53829,7 +53829,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, [Term] id: UBERON:0002515 name: periosteum -def: "the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010971] +def: "The thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010971] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001022 @@ -53909,7 +53909,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "basicranial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002518 name: otolith organ -def: "the crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0002894] +def: "The crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:llw2, MP:0002894] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -54156,7 +54156,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "FMA has both limb segment and free limb id: UBERON:0002530 name: gland alt_id: UBERON:MIAA_0000021 -def: "an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002163] +def: "An organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ." [MGI:csmith, MP:0002163] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -55851,7 +55851,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - existing definitions, synonyms and relations id: UBERON:0002602 name: emboliform nucleus alt_id: UBERON:0004071 -def: "the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009981] +def: "The small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009981] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538] @@ -56656,7 +56656,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "this in ZFA this is part of the medulla [Term] id: UBERON:0002634 name: anterior nucleus of hypothalamus -def: "a loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.317.357.342.063, MP:0008848] +def: "A loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.317.357.342.063, MP:0008848] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "AH" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:1226, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] @@ -57964,7 +57964,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/G [Term] id: UBERON:0002689 name: supraoptic crest -def: "one of the circumventricular organs of the brain. The OVLT is outside the blood brain barrier, and so neurons in this region can respond to factors that are present in the systemic circulation." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Organum_vasculosum_of_the_lamina_terminalis] +def: "One of the circumventricular organs of the brain. The OVLT is outside the blood brain barrier, and so neurons in this region can respond to factors that are present in the systemic circulation." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Organum_vasculosum_of_the_lamina_terminalis] synonym: "olfactory ventricle (olfactory part of lateral ventricle)" RELATED [BAMS:OV] synonym: "organum vasculosum" RELATED [NeuroNames:383] synonym: "organum vasculosum lamina terminalis" EXACT LATIN [NLXANAT:100313] @@ -60533,7 +60533,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITa [Term] id: UBERON:0002787 name: decussation of trochlear nerve -def: "the crossing of the two trochlear nerves at their exit through the velum medullare anterius." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=23125] +def: "The crossing of the two trochlear nerves at their exit through the velum medullare anterius." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=23125] synonym: "decussatio fibrarum nervorum trochlearium" EXACT LATIN [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=23125] synonym: "decussatio nervorum trochlearium" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:595] synonym: "decussatio trochlearis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:595] @@ -60621,7 +60621,7 @@ consider: FMA:62311 [Term] id: UBERON:0002790 name: dorsal acoustic stria -def: "white matter structure containing fibers arising from the cochlear nuclear complex." [BIRNLEX:1698] +def: "White matter structure containing fibers arising from the cochlear nuclear complex." [BIRNLEX:1698] synonym: "dorsal acoustic stria (Monakow)" RELATED [NeuroNames:602] synonym: "posterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72496] synonym: "stria cochlearis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72496, FMA:TA] @@ -61258,7 +61258,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002827 name: vestibulocochlear ganglion -def: "the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia." [MGI:smb, MP:0003703] +def: "The group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia." [MGI:smb, MP:0003703] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -62780,7 +62780,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0002898 name: chiasmatic cistern -def: "the region of the subarachnoid space that is located below and anterior to the optic chiasm." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009028] +def: "The region of the subarachnoid space that is located below and anterior to the optic chiasm." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009028] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CCIS" BROAD ABBREVIATION [BIRNLEX:4003, NIFSTD:NeuroNames_abbrevSource] @@ -66582,7 +66582,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "Small clusters of mesodermal cells called blood id: UBERON:0003062 name: primitive knot alt_id: UBERON:0004018 -def: "organizer for gastrulation in vertebrates. The primitive knot starts as a regional knot of cells that forms on the blastodisc immediately anterior to where the outer layer of cells will begin to migrate inwards - an area known as the primitive streak. Posterior to the node is the primitive pit, where the cells of the epiblast (the upper layer of embryonic cells) initially begin to invaginate. This invagination expands posteriorly into the primitive groove as the cells layers continue to move into the space between the embryonic cells and the yolk. This differentiates the embryo into the germ layers - endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. The primitive knot migrates posteriorly as gastrulation proceeds, eventually being absorbed into the tail bud.[WP]. the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorally to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0004066, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot, Wikipedia:Regional_specification#Dorsal.2Fventral_axis_.26_organizer] +def: "Organizer for gastrulation in vertebrates. The primitive knot starts as a regional knot of cells that forms on the blastodisc immediately anterior to where the outer layer of cells will begin to migrate inwards - an area known as the primitive streak. Posterior to the node is the primitive pit, where the cells of the epiblast (the upper layer of embryonic cells) initially begin to invaginate. This invagination expands posteriorly into the primitive groove as the cells layers continue to move into the space between the embryonic cells and the yolk. This differentiates the embryo into the germ layers - endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. The primitive knot migrates posteriorly as gastrulation proceeds, eventually being absorbed into the tail bud.[WP]. the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorally to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0004066, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot, Wikipedia:Regional_specification#Dorsal.2Fventral_axis_.26_organizer] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -67551,7 +67551,7 @@ property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "is_a median fin" xsd:string { [Term] id: UBERON:0003098 name: optic stalk -def: "the narrow, proximal portion of the optic vesicle which connects the embryonic eye and forebrain." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MP:0004268] +def: "The narrow, proximal portion of the optic vesicle which connects the embryonic eye and forebrain." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MP:0004268] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -67579,7 +67579,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) an essentially similar sequence of events [Term] id: UBERON:0003099 name: cranial neural crest -def: "neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordia; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage." [MGI:anna] +def: "Neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordia; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage." [MGI:anna] subset: efo_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -67960,7 +67960,7 @@ property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003115 name: pharyngeal arch 4 -def: "contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus." [MP:0006340] +def: "Contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus." [MP:0006340] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -68232,7 +68232,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The sixth right arch disappears; the sixth [Term] id: UBERON:0003124 name: chorion membrane -def: "the outermost extraembryonic membrane." [MESH:A10.615.284.473, MP:0002836] +def: "The outermost extraembryonic membrane." [MESH:A10.615.284.473, MP:0002836] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -68433,7 +68433,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "A skull that is missing a mandible is only a [Term] id: UBERON:0003130 name: arthropod sternum -def: "ventral portion of a segment of an arthropod thorax or abdomen. In insects, the sterna are usually single, large sclerites, and external. However, they can sometimes be divided in two or more, in which case the subunits are called sternites, and may also be modified on the terminal abdominal segments so as to form part of the functional genitalia, in which case they are frequently reduced in size and development, and may become internalized and/or membranous." [Wikipedia:Sternum_(arthropod)] +def: "Ventral portion of a segment of an arthropod thorax or abdomen. In insects, the sterna are usually single, large sclerites, and external. However, they can sometimes be divided in two or more, in which case the subunits are called sternites, and may also be modified on the terminal abdominal segments so as to form part of the functional genitalia, in which case they are frequently reduced in size and development, and may become internalized and/or membranous." [Wikipedia:Sternum_(arthropod)] synonym: "sternum" BROAD [] xref: FBbt:00004557 xref: HAO:0000956 @@ -68656,7 +68656,7 @@ consider: HAO:0000712 [Term] id: UBERON:0003148 name: obsolete sclerite -def: "hardened portions of arthropod exoskeletons." [Wikipedia:Sclerite] +def: "Hardened portions of arthropod exoskeletons." [Wikipedia:Sclerite] comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "plate" RELATED [FBbt:00004475] xref: Wikipedia:Sclerite @@ -69175,7 +69175,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0010758 [Term] id: UBERON:0003209 name: blood nerve barrier -def: "barrier between the perineurium of peripheral nerves and the vascular endothelium of endoneurial capillaries. The perineurium acts as a diffusion barrier, but ion permeability at the blood-nerve barrier is still higher than at the blood-brain barrier[GO]." [GO:0008065, Wikipedia:Blood-nerve_barrier] +def: "Barrier between the perineurium of peripheral nerves and the vascular endothelium of endoneurial capillaries. The perineurium acts as a diffusion barrier, but ion permeability at the blood-nerve barrier is still higher than at the blood-brain barrier[GO]." [GO:0008065, Wikipedia:Blood-nerve_barrier] synonym: "blood-nerve barrier" EXACT [] xref: Wikipedia:Blood-nerve_barrier is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer @@ -69187,7 +69187,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003210 name: blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier -def: "barrier in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood[MP]." [MP:0006088] +def: "Barrier in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood[MP]." [MP:0006088] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "blood-CSF barrier" EXACT [MP:0006088] is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer @@ -69255,7 +69255,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001912 ! lobule of mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003215 name: alveolus -def: "organ part that has the form of a hollow cavity[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolus] +def: "Organ part that has the form of a hollow cavity[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolus] subset: efo_slim xref: EFO:0002513 xref: EV:0100043 @@ -69360,7 +69360,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006612 ! shell [Term] id: UBERON:0003220 name: metanephric mesenchyme -def: "one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072075, Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] +def: "One of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072075, Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] comment: Genes: The positional specification of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme is negatively regulated by Foxc1 and Foxc2. Next the permanent kidney forming metanephrogenic mesenchyme is specified by Hox11 genes. The competence to respond to ureteric bud inducers is regulated by WT1. GDNF secretion restricted to posterior region by Robo2 and Sprouty1. The receptors for GDNF are synthesized in the nephric ducts and later in ureteric buds [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "metanephric blastema" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] @@ -69758,7 +69758,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003244 name: epithelium of mammary gland -def: "the epithelial layer of the luminal surfaces of the mammary gland." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009504] +def: "The epithelial layer of the luminal surfaces of the mammary gland." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009504] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelium of lactiferous gland" EXACT [FMA:74445] synonym: "lactiferous gland epithelium" EXACT [FMA:74445] @@ -70529,7 +70529,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0003299 name: roof plate of midbrain -def: "the mesencephalic roof plate, including the caudal and rostral part of the midbrain roof." [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006103] +def: "The mesencephalic roof plate, including the caudal and rostral part of the midbrain roof." [MGI:anna, MGI:smb, MP:0006103] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "midbrain roof" RELATED [EMAPA:16981] @@ -71872,7 +71872,7 @@ consider: EMAPA:19144 [Term] id: UBERON:0003386 name: smooth muscle of eye -def: "any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi." [MGI:cwg, MP:0005247] +def: "Any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi." [MGI:cwg, MP:0005247] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ocular smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001268] xref: EMAPA:18807 @@ -72776,7 +72776,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "requires expert attention" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003454 name: small intestine Peyer's patch -def: "nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "aggregated lymphoid follicle of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:15054] synonym: "noduli lymphoidei aggregati intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76466] synonym: "Peyer's patch" BROAD [FMA:15054] @@ -75174,7 +75174,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0003604 name: trachea cartilage -def: "the ring-shaped cartilaginous structures that support the trachea." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, J:97123, MGI:smb, MP:0003120] +def: "The ring-shaped cartilaginous structures that support the trachea." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, J:97123, MGI:smb, MP:0003120] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cartilage of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] synonym: "cartilage of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -77575,7 +77575,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "reduced in non-human primates" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003702 name: inguinal canal -def: "the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament in the female, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum or labia majora, respectively." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A01.047.412, MP:0003673] +def: "The passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament in the female, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum or labia majora, respectively." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A01.047.412, MP:0003673] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "canalis inguinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal] xref: BTO:0005576 @@ -77688,7 +77688,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "we follow FMA in modeling this is mucous membrane p [Term] id: UBERON:0003707 name: sinus of Valsalva -def: "one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve." [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] +def: "One of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve." [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "aortic sinus" EXACT [MP:0010483] synonym: "Petit sinus" EXACT [MP:0010483] @@ -78059,7 +78059,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/V [Term] id: UBERON:0003724 name: musculocutaneous nerve -def: "a large branch of the brachial plexus supplying various parts of the upper arm (as flexor muscles) and forearm (as the skin)." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/musculocutaneous%20nerve] +def: "A large branch of the brachial plexus supplying various parts of the upper arm (as flexor muscles) and forearm (as the skin)." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/musculocutaneous%20nerve] synonym: "casserio's nerve" EXACT [FMA:37064] synonym: "nervus musculocutaneus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve] xref: FMA:37064 @@ -78971,7 +78971,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003861 name: neural arch -def: "posterior part of a vertebra that consists of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae, and supports seven processes: four articular processes, two transverse processes one spinous process[WP]. ZFA: A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. ." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch] +def: "Posterior part of a vertebra that consists of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae, and supports seven processes: four articular processes, two transverse processes one spinous process[WP]. ZFA: A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. ." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -79205,7 +79205,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003876 name: hippocampal field -def: "a part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function." [MGI:csmith, MP:0008262] +def: "A part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function." [MGI:csmith, MP:0008262] subset: non_informative subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hippocampal region" RELATED [BAMS:HIP] @@ -79446,7 +79446,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) I regard it unlikely that coeloms of all b [Term] id: UBERON:0003888 name: extraembryonic coelomic cavity -def: "the fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity." [ISBN:0-12-402035-6, ISBN:1405118660, MP:0011200] +def: "The fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity." [ISBN:0-12-402035-6, ISBN:1405118660, MP:0011200] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "chorion cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246] synonym: "chorionic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246, https://sourceforge.net/p/obo/mammalian-phenotype-requests/1454] @@ -79517,7 +79517,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Homologous to appendix testis" xsd:string {source=" id: UBERON:0003890 name: Mullerian duct alt_id: UBERON:0005318 -def: "paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM]." [GO:0061205, http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/bio205_26_sex.html, Wikipedia:Paramesonephric_duct] +def: "Paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM]." [GO:0061205, http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/bio205_26_sex.html, Wikipedia:Paramesonephric_duct] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ductus paramesonephricus" EXACT [] synonym: "early paramesonephric duct" NARROW [EHDAA2:0004048] @@ -79830,7 +79830,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0003909 name: sinusoid -def: "small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sinusoid_(blood_vessel)] +def: "Small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sinusoid_(blood_vessel)] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endothelium of irregular blood filled space" RELATED [] synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel" EXACT [] @@ -79851,7 +79851,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "sinusoidal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003910 name: splenic sinusoid -def: "wide vessels in the spleen that drain into trabecular veins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Red_pulp#Sinusoids] +def: "Wide vessels in the spleen that drain into trabecular veins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Red_pulp#Sinusoids] synonym: "sinusoid of red pulp of spleen" RELATED [FMA:63199] synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:63199 @@ -79888,14 +79888,14 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The CP epithelial layer is continuous with the [Term] id: UBERON:0003912 name: chitinous tooth -def: "tooth-like structure composed of chitin." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Tooth-like structure composed of chitin." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] intersection_of: UBERON:0003913 ! tooth-like structure intersection_of: composed_primarily_of CHEBI:17029 ! chitin [Term] id: UBERON:0003913 name: tooth-like structure -def: "hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: see dermal denticle subset: grouping_class synonym: "tooth-like organ" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -79991,7 +79991,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003921 name: pancreas primordium -def: "embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud." [Wikipedia:Pancreas#Embryological_development] +def: "Embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud." [Wikipedia:Pancreas#Embryological_development] subset: efo_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pancreatic anlage" RELATED [ZFA:0000254] @@ -80045,7 +80045,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003923 name: dorsal pancreatic bud -def: "pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] +def: "Pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] subset: efo_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal pancreas anlage" RELATED [] @@ -80077,7 +80077,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish M [Term] id: UBERON:0003924 name: ventral pancreatic bud -def: "pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] +def: "Pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] subset: efo_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] @@ -80629,7 +80629,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "add more specific classification e.g. anastomosing [Term] id: UBERON:0003960 name: styloid process of temporal bone -def: "slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments." [MP:0008023, Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] +def: "Slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments." [MP:0008023, Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] comment: Disease notes: Eagle's syndrome subset: pheno_slim synonym: "processus styloideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52877, FMA:TA] @@ -80719,7 +80719,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/G [Term] id: UBERON:0003964 name: prevertebral ganglion -def: "the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008316] +def: "The sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008316] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "collateral ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Prevertebral_ganglia] synonym: "collateral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892] @@ -80748,7 +80748,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003966 name: gonial bone -def: "investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus." [MP:0008380] +def: "Investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus." [MP:0008380] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gonium" EXACT [MP:0008380] xref: EMAPA:37874 {source="MA:th"} @@ -80780,7 +80780,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0003970 name: placental labyrinth vasculature -def: "blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate." [MP:0008803] +def: "Blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate." [MP:0008803] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "placental labyrinth vascular network" EXACT [] synonym: "placental vasculature" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] @@ -80943,7 +80943,7 @@ relationship: fma_set_term FMA:77789 [Term] id: UBERON:0003981 name: primordial ovarian follicle -def: "primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles." [MP:0009361] +def: "Primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles." [MP:0009361] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ovary primordial follicle" EXACT [MA:0001710] synonym: "primordial follicle" EXACT [] @@ -81274,7 +81274,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the greater cornua are the larger, more [Term] id: UBERON:0003998 name: hyoid bone lesser horn -def: "shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]." [MP:0009914, Wikipedia:Lesser_cornu] +def: "Shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]." [MP:0009914, Wikipedia:Lesser_cornu] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior horn of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "ceratohyal" RELATED SENSU [ISBN:0073040584] @@ -81391,7 +81391,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - define as a region overlapping the lobule" x [Term] id: UBERON:0004004 name: cerebellum lobule -def: "one of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex." [MP:0009964] +def: "One of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex." [MP:0009964] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lobular parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [BIRNLEX:1084] xref: BIRNLEX:1084 @@ -81754,7 +81754,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://www.atlasophthalmology.com/media/Aqeous+Vein+ [Term] id: UBERON:0004031 name: head ectomesenchyme -def: "mesenchymal cells derived from neural crest cells that contribute to development of the hard and soft tissue in the head and neck, including the branchial arches[MP]." [MP:0006302] +def: "Mesenchymal cells derived from neural crest cells that contribute to development of the hard and soft tissue in the head and neck, including the branchial arches[MP]." [MP:0006302] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ectomesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0006302] xref: FMA:318119 @@ -82688,7 +82688,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004086 name: brain ventricle -def: "one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/300] +def: "One of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/300] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "brain ventricles" EXACT PLURAL [] @@ -82881,7 +82881,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! nose [Term] id: UBERON:0004103 name: alveolar ridge -def: "one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth[WP]. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli) of the teeth[HP]." [HP:0006477, Wikipedia:Alveolar_ridge] +def: "One of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth[WP]. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli) of the teeth[HP]." [HP:0006477, Wikipedia:Alveolar_ridge] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "alveolar body" EXACT [MP:0004189] synonym: "alveolar bone" EXACT [MP:0004189] @@ -82929,7 +82929,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "subungual" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004106 name: crus of ear -def: "horizontal piece of cartilage located outside the ear canal that divides the upper and lower parts of the ear." [HP:0009895] +def: "Horizontal piece of cartilage located outside the ear canal that divides the upper and lower parts of the ear." [HP:0009895] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crus helicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61024, FMA:TA] synonym: "crus of helical part of auricular cartilage" EXACT [] @@ -83037,7 +83037,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "attenuate low-frequency sounds, reduce masking o [Term] id: UBERON:0004114 name: tympanic cavity -def: "small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear." [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity] +def: "Small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear." [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity] synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavitas tympani" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity] synonym: "cavitas tympanica" RELATED [BTO:0002098] @@ -83268,7 +83268,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The layer of the myocardium composed of pro [Term] id: UBERON:0004125 name: myocardial compact layer -def: "outer dense layer of the myocardium uniting the epicardium and myocardium[MP]." [MP:0004056] +def: "Outer dense layer of the myocardium uniting the epicardium and myocardium[MP]." [MP:0004056] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "compact subepicardial layer" EXACT [MP:0004056] synonym: "compact subepicardial myocardium" RELATED [MP:0004056] @@ -83352,7 +83352,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) an essentially similar sequence of events [Term] id: UBERON:0004129 name: growth plate cartilage -def: "cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow." [GO:0003417] +def: "Cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow." [GO:0003417] synonym: "growth plate" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 ! Vertebrata @@ -83750,7 +83750,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0004163 name: anterior ectodermal midgut -def: "portions of the midgut that are derived from ectoderm." [GO:0007441] +def: "Portions of the midgut that are derived from ectoderm." [GO:0007441] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract @@ -83937,7 +83937,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the FMA class 'lymphoid organ' is a gen [Term] id: UBERON:0004178 name: aorta smooth muscle tissue -def: "the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009865] +def: "The nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009865] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84420,7 +84420,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004212 name: glomerular capillary -def: "the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011320] +def: "The small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011320] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood capillary of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -84663,7 +84663,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! alimentary part of gastrointestinal sy [Term] id: UBERON:0004227 name: kidney pelvis smooth muscle -def: "the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011335] +def: "The smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011335] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney pelvis smooth muscle" EXACT [EMAPA:28120] synonym: "pelvic smooth muscle" RELATED [EMAPA:28120] @@ -84936,7 +84936,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole id: UBERON:0004237 name: blood vessel smooth muscle alt_id: UBERON:0010508 -def: "smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels." [Wikipedia:Vascular_smooth_muscle] +def: "Smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels." [Wikipedia:Vascular_smooth_muscle] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "blood vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -86771,7 +86771,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0004345 name: trophectoderm -def: "outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition." [MP:0005028] +def: "Outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition." [MP:0005028] subset: early_development subset: pheno_slim xref: BTO:0001840 @@ -86793,7 +86793,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that c id: UBERON:0004346 name: gubernaculum (male or female) alt_id: UBERON:0000452 -def: "embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]." [MP:0005149, Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] +def: "Embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]." [MP:0005149, Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "caudal suspensory ligament" RELATED [EMAPA:19089] synonym: "Gabernaculum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] @@ -86891,7 +86891,7 @@ replaced_by: GO:0098846 [Term] id: UBERON:0004356 name: apical ectodermal ridge -def: "multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP]." [MP:0001676, Wikipedia:Apical_ectodermal_ridge] +def: "Multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP]." [MP:0001676, Wikipedia:Apical_ectodermal_ridge] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "AER" RELATED [MP:0001676] synonym: "apical epidermal ridge" EXACT [XAO:0004121] @@ -87115,7 +87115,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Number varies - Lampreys have 8, hagfishes 15; only [Term] id: UBERON:0004364 name: ectoplacental cone -def: "thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta." [MP:0001717, PMID:19829370] +def: "Thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta." [MP:0001717, PMID:19829370] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epamniotic cone" EXACT [] synonym: "placenta - ectoplacental cone" EXACT [] @@ -87129,7 +87129,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "derivative of the early postimplantation trop [Term] id: UBERON:0004365 name: vitelline blood vessel -def: "blood vessel that is connected to the yolk sac." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Blood vessel that is connected to the yolk sac." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:36494 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel @@ -87139,7 +87139,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004374 ! vitelline vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0004366 name: extraembryonic ectoderm -def: "layer of the endoderm of the extraembryonic tissue." [MP:0002583] +def: "Layer of the endoderm of the extraembryonic tissue." [MP:0002583] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:16065 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure @@ -87248,7 +87248,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Compared to terrestial animals, the cornea of zebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004374 name: vitelline vasculature -def: "vascular network that is connected to the yolk sac." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Vascular network that is connected to the yolk sac." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "omphalomesenteric system" RELATED [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "vitelline bloos vessel system" RELATED [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -88312,7 +88312,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "metacarpal" xsd:string id: UBERON:0004454 name: tarsal region alt_id: UBERON:0002388 -def: "mesopodial segment of the pes, including the tarsal skeleton and associated tissues." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Ankle] +def: "Mesopodial segment of the pes, including the tarsal skeleton and associated tissues." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Ankle] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim @@ -88486,7 +88486,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "see notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible conf [Term] id: UBERON:0004467 name: musculature of pharynx -def: "the collection of muscles that acts on the pharynx." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The collection of muscles that acts on the pharynx." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] comment: See comments for 'pharyngeal muscle' subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pharyngeal musculature" EXACT [TAO:0001307] @@ -89388,7 +89388,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "the MA term, even though plural, repres [Term] id: UBERON:0004544 name: epididymis epithelium -def: "the layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004933] +def: "The layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004933] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epididymis epithelium" EXACT [FMA:19153] synonym: "epithelium of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:19153] @@ -89499,7 +89499,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0004550 name: gastroesophageal sphincter -def: "the thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010153] +def: "The thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010153] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cardiac sphincter" EXACT [MA:0002951, MP:0010153] synonym: "cardiac sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] @@ -90443,7 +90443,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004639 name: renal afferent arteriole -def: "the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011312] +def: "The blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011312] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "afferent arteriole" EXACT [MA:0002579] @@ -90471,7 +90471,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004640 name: renal efferent arteriole -def: "the blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011313] +def: "The blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0011313] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Efferent_arteriole] @@ -90497,7 +90497,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004641 name: spleen capsule -def: "the connective tissue that surrounds the spleen." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002227] +def: "The connective tissue that surrounds the spleen." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002227] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "capsula splenica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15849, FMA:TA] synonym: "capsule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849] @@ -90605,7 +90605,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004647 name: liver lobule -def: "the polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008987] +def: "The polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008987] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "hepatic lobule" EXACT [FMA:14471] synonym: "lobules of liver" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Lobules_of_liver] @@ -90647,7 +90647,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0004649 name: sphenoid bone pterygoid process -def: "the process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004452] +def: "The process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004452] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "processus pterygoideus" EXACT [FMA:54682] synonym: "processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54682, FMA:TA] @@ -90687,7 +90687,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0004651 name: scapula spine -def: "the triangular ridge on the dorsal aspect of the scapula which separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa and where the trapezius and deltoid muscles are attached." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004347] +def: "The triangular ridge on the dorsal aspect of the scapula which separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa and where the trapezius and deltoid muscles are attached." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0004347] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "scapular spine" RELATED [FMA:13453, MA:0002806] synonym: "spina scapulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula] @@ -90766,7 +90766,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004657 name: mandible condylar process -def: "articular part of the mandible bone." [MFMO:0000056] +def: "Articular part of the mandible bone." [MFMO:0000056] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "condylar process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52836] synonym: "condyle of mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process] @@ -90852,7 +90852,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0004662 name: vertebra lamina -def: "two broad plates directed dorsomedially from the pedicles; these fuse at the dorsal midline, and complete the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004605] +def: "Two broad plates directed dorsomedially from the pedicles; these fuse at the dorsal midline, and complete the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0004605] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lamina arcus vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:11951, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina of vertebra" EXACT [FMA:11951] @@ -90886,7 +90886,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0004664 name: aorta tunica adventitia -def: "the outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009871] +def: "The outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009871] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "tunica adventitia of aorta" EXACT [FMA:14283] xref: EMAPA:35136 @@ -91170,7 +91170,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check relationship to spinal cord lateral co [Term] id: UBERON:0004677 name: spinal cord gray commissure -def: "the band of grey substance spanning the midline of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009696] +def: "The band of grey substance spanning the midline of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009696] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "area spinalis X" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68871, FMA:TA] synonym: "central gelatinous substance" RELATED [NeuroNames:1649] @@ -91391,7 +91391,7 @@ consider: NLXANAT:20090308 [Term] id: UBERON:0004686 name: gastro-splenic ligament -def: "peritoneum connecting the greater curvature of stomach with the hilum of the spleen[umich]. part of the greater omentum; derived from the dorsal mesogastrium in the embryo." [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/stomach_tables.html, Wikipedia:Gastrosplenic_ligament] +def: "Peritoneum connecting the greater curvature of stomach with the hilum of the spleen[umich]. part of the greater omentum; derived from the dorsal mesogastrium in the embryo." [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/stomach_tables.html, Wikipedia:Gastrosplenic_ligament] synonym: "gastrolienal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517] synonym: "gastrosplenc ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517] synonym: "gastrosplenic ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517] @@ -91418,7 +91418,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in MA, EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of [Term] id: UBERON:0004687 name: lieno-renal ligament -def: "peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich]." [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/peritoneum_tables.html, Wikipedia:Splenorenal_ligament] +def: "Peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich]." [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/peritoneum_tables.html, Wikipedia:Splenorenal_ligament] comment: Multiple sources support greater omentum assignment. E.g. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/splenorenal+ligament. We change the MA part_of assignment to develops_from synonym: "lienorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522] synonym: "ligamentum lienorenale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16522, FMA:TA] @@ -91518,7 +91518,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris [Term] id: UBERON:0004693 name: Peyer's patch epithelium -def: "the specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch." [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002388] +def: "The specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch." [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002388] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "peyer's patch epithelium" EXACT [MA:0000731] xref: EMAPA:36506 @@ -91693,7 +91693,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO check fenestra vs fossa. fenestra = hole, foss [Term] id: UBERON:0004706 name: bulbus cordis -def: "a transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010568] +def: "A transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010568] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "primitive right ventricle endocardium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000197, JB:def] @@ -92117,7 +92117,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004725 name: piriform cortex -def: "the subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract; it is located bilaterally in the ventrolateral forebrain and is commonly divided into anterior and posterior regions." [MP:0010009, PMID:17714095] +def: "The subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract; it is located bilaterally in the ventrolateral forebrain and is commonly divided into anterior and posterior regions." [MP:0010009, PMID:17714095] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "area prepiriformis" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:165] synonym: "cortex piriformis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] @@ -92351,7 +92351,7 @@ property_value: development_notes "The primitive gut that forms during gastrulat [Term] id: UBERON:0004736 name: metanephric glomerulus -def: "glomerulus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072224] +def: "Glomerulus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072224] synonym: "glomerulus of metanephros" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0001242 intersection_of: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus @@ -92373,7 +92373,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 {is_inferred="true", source="https://github [Term] id: UBERON:0004738 name: metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus -def: "juxtaglomerular apparatus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072206] +def: "Juxtaglomerular apparatus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072206] synonym: "juxtaglomerular apparatus of metanephros" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros @@ -92770,7 +92770,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A specialized form of connective tissue in [Term] id: UBERON:0004756 name: dermal skeletal element -def: "dermis-derived entity that is made of skeletal tissue." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/206] +def: "Dermis-derived entity that is made of skeletal tissue." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/206] synonym: "dermal element" EXACT [VSAO:curator] intersection_of: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis @@ -93265,7 +93265,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004785 name: respiratory system mucosa -def: "the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract." [MESH:A04.760, MGI:cwg, MP:0002277] +def: "The mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract." [MESH:A04.760, MGI:cwg, MP:0002277] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93334,7 +93334,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0004788 name: kidney pelvis urothelium -def: "the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011336] +def: "The epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011336] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney pelvis transitional epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93392,7 +93392,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "See comments for 'skin mucus'" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004791 name: thymus trabecula -def: "the thymic connective tissue which extends into the parenchyma." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002370] +def: "The thymic connective tissue which extends into the parenchyma." [ISBN:0-397-51047-0, MGI:cwg, MP:0002370] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "thymic trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93572,7 +93572,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The epithelium of the cervix is varied. The ect [Term] id: UBERON:0004802 name: respiratory tract epithelium -def: "the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0010942] +def: "The pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0010942] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "airway epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000419] synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93729,7 +93729,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler=" [Term] id: UBERON:0004810 name: nephron tubule epithelium -def: "the cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009640] +def: "The cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009640] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "kidney tubule epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001681] xref: BTO:0005239 @@ -93792,7 +93792,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "NCITA term may be sex-neutral" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004813 name: seminiferous tubule epithelium -def: "the stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011750] +def: "The stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011750] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule of testis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -93894,7 +93894,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002041 ! terminal bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004819 name: kidney epithelium -def: "the cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004967] +def: "The cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004967] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epithelial tissue of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -94176,7 +94176,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0004851 name: aorta endothelium -def: "the thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009864] +def: "The thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009864] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "adult aorta endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] @@ -94589,7 +94589,7 @@ property_value: terminology_notes "Gilbert uses visceral endoderm as a synonym f [Term] id: UBERON:0004878 name: distal visceral endoderm -def: "precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0010126] +def: "Precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0010126] subset: pheno_slim is_a: UBERON:0004877 ! visceral endoderm @@ -95087,7 +95087,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/G [Term] id: UBERON:0004915 name: sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla -def: "muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. Relaxed by the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) via vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sphincter_of_ampulla] +def: "Muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. Relaxed by the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) via vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sphincter_of_ampulla] synonym: "hepatopancreatic ampullary sphincter" EXACT [FMA:15077] synonym: "musculus sphincter ampullae" EXACT [FMA:15077] synonym: "musculus sphincter ampullae hepatopancreatica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15077, FMA:TA] @@ -98500,7 +98500,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005169 name: interstitial tissue -def: "connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tissue] +def: "Connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tissue] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "interstitium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86301 @@ -98895,7 +98895,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - unify terminology - check DST = TAL? Note EM [Term] id: UBERON:0005203 name: trachea gland -def: "a tubuloacinar seromucous gland that is located principally in the submucosa of the trachea. Excretory ducts from this gland pass through the lamina propria to the tracheal lumen." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tracheal+glands, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1197, ISBN:1451113412, MGI:Anna, PMID:15973734] +def: "A tubuloacinar seromucous gland that is located principally in the submucosa of the trachea. Excretory ducts from this gland pass through the lamina propria to the tracheal lumen." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tracheal+glands, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1197, ISBN:1451113412, MGI:Anna, PMID:15973734] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "glandula trachealis" EXACT [FMA:7473] @@ -98968,7 +98968,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005211 name: renal medulla interstitium -def: "tissue surrounding the loop of Henle in the renal medulla." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_interstitium] +def: "Tissue surrounding the loop of Henle in the renal medulla." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_interstitium] synonym: "kidney medulla interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002619] synonym: "medullary interstitium" NARROW [Wikipedia:Medullary_interstitium] synonym: "medullary stroma" RELATED [EMAPA:18326] @@ -99645,7 +99645,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="FMA", source="KUPO"} ! cortex of k [Term] id: UBERON:0005272 name: peritubular capillary -def: "the tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011321] +def: "The tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure." [MGI:csmith, MP:0011321] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:36558 xref: MA:0002588 @@ -99960,7 +99960,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0005294 name: gonadal ridge -def: "the elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary." [MGI:anna, MP:0011411] +def: "The elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary." [MGI:anna, MP:0011411] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista gonadalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge] @@ -100011,7 +100011,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005296 name: ovary sex cord -def: "structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles." [Wikipedia:Cortical_cords] +def: "Structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles." [Wikipedia:Cortical_cords] synonym: "cortical cord" RELATED [] synonym: "cortical sex cord" RELATED [] synonym: "ovary primitive sex cord" RELATED [] @@ -100154,7 +100154,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check plexus vs nerve. WP indicates it is a 'transi [Term] id: UBERON:0005304 name: submucous nerve plexus -def: "the gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers that ramify the stomach and intestinal submucosa." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010800] +def: "The gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers that ramify the stomach and intestinal submucosa." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010800] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Henle's plexus" RELATED [MA:0001149] synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED [HP:0002251, MA:0001149] @@ -100575,7 +100575,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000204 ! ventral part of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0005342 name: malleus head -def: "rounded portion of the malleus that articulates with the body of the incus[MP]." [MP:0008379] +def: "Rounded portion of the malleus that articulates with the body of the incus[MP]." [MP:0008379] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "head of malleus" EXACT [FMA:52761] xref: FMA:52761 @@ -100931,7 +100931,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "median funnel­-shaped invagination of ectoderm, th [Term] id: UBERON:0005357 name: brain ependyma -def: "the ependymal cell layer that lines the brain ventricles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] +def: "The ependymal cell layer that lines the brain ventricles." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ependyma of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:242837] xref: EMAPA:35183 @@ -100957,7 +100957,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005359 name: spinal cord ependyma -def: "the ependymal cell layer that lines the spinal cord." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] +def: "The ependymal cell layer that lines the spinal cord." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0387949542] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ependyma of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242839] synonym: "spinal cord ependymal layer" EXACT [MA:0001125] @@ -101042,7 +101042,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/G [Term] id: UBERON:0005362 name: vagus X ganglion -def: "the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the vagus nerve." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001100] +def: "The group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the vagus nerve." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001100] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:53472] synonym: "gX" BROAD [ZFA:0007067] @@ -101066,7 +101066,7 @@ intersection_of: extends_fibers_into UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0005363 name: inferior vagus X ganglion -def: "the large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001087, PMID:9362461] +def: "The large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001087, PMID:9362461] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ganglion inferius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6230] @@ -101100,7 +101100,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thic [Term] id: UBERON:0005364 name: superior vagus X ganglion -def: "the upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001101] +def: "The upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0001101] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ganglion superius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "ganglion superius nervus vagi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6229, FMA:TA] @@ -101231,7 +101231,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "contains septal and commissural fibers. It also [Term] id: UBERON:0005373 name: spinal cord dorsal column -def: "the wedge-shaped fiber bundle of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord that is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus; it is part of the ascending posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, ISBN:0940780577, MP:0009677] +def: "The wedge-shaped fiber bundle of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord that is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus; it is part of the ascending posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, ISBN:0940780577, MP:0009677] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "dorsal column" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal column of spinal cord" EXACT [] @@ -101260,7 +101260,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "The dorsal column is a part of the spinal cord w [Term] id: UBERON:0005374 name: spinal cord lateral column -def: "the region of white matter of the spinal cord that is located between the dorsal and ventral spinal roots." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009678] +def: "The region of white matter of the spinal cord that is located between the dorsal and ventral spinal roots." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009678] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lateral column" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral columns" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0000531] @@ -101279,7 +101279,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check relationship between column and funicu [Term] id: UBERON:0005375 name: spinal cord ventral column -def: "the area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009679] +def: "The area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009679] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior column" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord anterior column" EXACT [] @@ -101378,7 +101378,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0009950 ! olfactory bulb plexiform layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005380 name: olfactory bulb subependymal zone -def: "the region of mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the lateral brain ventricles that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells, that produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009952] +def: "The region of mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the lateral brain ventricles that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells, that produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009952] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:35612 xref: MA:0000974 @@ -101892,7 +101892,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "BTO may actually be a more generic stru [Term] id: UBERON:0005402 name: philtrum -def: "the vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip, extending to the nose." [MGI:anna, MP:0012256, Wikipedia:Philtrum] +def: "The vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip, extending to the nose." [MGI:anna, MP:0012256, Wikipedia:Philtrum] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "infranasal depression" RELATED [Wikipedia:Philtrum] synonym: "lip philtrum" EXACT [MA:0001577] @@ -102004,7 +102004,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - split perinephric / perirenal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005407 name: sublingual ganglion -def: "the small parasympathetic ganglion found anterior to the submandibular gland that provides postsynaptic fibers to the sublingual gland." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010105] +def: "The small parasympathetic ganglion found anterior to the submandibular gland that provides postsynaptic fibers to the sublingual gland." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010105] subset: pheno_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001938 xref: EHDAA:10101 @@ -102096,7 +102096,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In elasmobranchs, the otic capsule remains cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:0005411 name: bony otic capsule -def: "the cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000039] +def: "The cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000039] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "otic capsule bone" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17596 @@ -102651,7 +102651,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The conical end of the spinal cord, which c [Term] id: UBERON:0005438 name: coronary sinus -def: "the short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium, with the sinoatrial connection occurring between the inferior vena cava and the atrioventricular orifice." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010436] +def: "The short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium, with the sinoatrial connection occurring between the inferior vena cava and the atrioventricular orifice." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010436] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "sinus coronarius" EXACT [] synonym: "sinus coronarius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronary_sinus] @@ -103390,7 +103390,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The sigmoid sinuses, within a human head, a [Term] id: UBERON:0005476 name: spinal nerve trunk -def: "trunk part of spinal nerve, where dorsal and ventral roots meet to form the spinal nerve, before branching off to dorsal and ventral rami." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Trunk part of spinal nerve, where dorsal and ventral roots meet to form the spinal nerve, before branching off to dorsal and ventral rami." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "spinal nerve (trunk)" EXACT [FMA:5929] synonym: "spinal neural trunk" EXACT [FMA:5929] synonym: "trunk of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5929] @@ -103531,7 +103531,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the ad [Term] id: UBERON:0005485 name: valve of inferior vena cava -def: "the semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava; during development this valve helps direct the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the right atrium into the left cardiac atrium via the foramen ovale (preventing blood flowing into the right ventricle)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010490, Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava] +def: "The semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava; during development this valve helps direct the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the right atrium into the left cardiac atrium via the foramen ovale (preventing blood flowing into the right ventricle)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010490, Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "eustachean valve" EXACT [FMA:9240] synonym: "eustachian valve" EXACT [FMA:9240] @@ -103581,7 +103581,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "the MA placement should be checked" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005487 name: vitelline vein -def: "the paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010666] +def: "The paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo." [MGI:csmith, MP:0010666] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryonic vitelline vein" EXACT [VHOG:0000401] @@ -103870,7 +103870,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere [Term] id: UBERON:0005507 name: rhombomere 3 -def: "the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012792, UBERON:0005507] +def: "The third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012792, UBERON:0005507] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103892,7 +103892,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005511 name: rhombomere 4 -def: "the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012796, UBERON:0005511] +def: "The fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012796, UBERON:0005511] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103914,7 +103914,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005515 name: rhombomere 5 -def: "the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012800, UBERON:0005515] +def: "The fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012800, UBERON:0005515] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103936,7 +103936,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005519 name: rhombomere 6 -def: "the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012804, UBERON:0005519] +def: "The sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012804, UBERON:0005519] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103958,7 +103958,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005523 name: rhombomere 7 -def: "the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012808, UBERON:0005523] +def: "The seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012808, UBERON:0005523] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -103979,7 +103979,7 @@ property_value: rhombomere_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0005527 name: rhombomere 8 -def: "the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012812, UBERON:0005527] +def: "The eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012812, UBERON:0005527] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -104164,7 +104164,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0005569 name: rhombomere 2 -def: "the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012788, UBERON:0005569] +def: "The second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order." [MGI:anna, MGI:csmith, MP:0012788, UBERON:0005569] subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -104948,7 +104948,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Normally regresses in humans" xsd:string {source="h [Term] id: UBERON:0005623 name: semi-lunar valve -def: "the valves that gate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002746] +def: "The valves that gate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk." [MGI:pvb, MP:0002746] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "semilunar valve" EXACT [MA:0002790] synonym: "semilunar valves" EXACT PLURAL [MA:0002790] @@ -106247,7 +106247,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The short canal through the orbitosphenoid [Term] id: UBERON:0005746 name: primary vitreous -def: "embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body[MP]." [MP:0010711] +def: "Embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body[MP]." [MP:0010711] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "primary vitreous" EXACT [MP:0010711] synonym: "primary vitreous humour" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001502] @@ -106418,7 +106418,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class represents a continuous sheet of basem [Term] id: UBERON:0005777 name: glomerular basement membrane -def: "the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter." [MGI:anna, MP:0011348] +def: "The layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter." [MGI:anna, MP:0011348] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "GBM" BROAD ABBREVIATION [] @@ -107120,7 +107120,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "A closely packed aggregation of mesenchymal [Term] id: UBERON:0005867 name: mandibular prominence -def: "the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010939] +def: "The paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010939] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "mandibular process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence] synonym: "mandibular swelling" RELATED [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -107140,7 +107140,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check develops_from" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005868 name: maxillary prominence -def: "the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010940] +def: "The paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010940] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "embryonic maxillary process" EXACT [] synonym: "maxillary process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001070] @@ -107314,7 +107314,7 @@ intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0005876 name: undifferentiated genital tubercle -def: "the embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1230, MGI:anna, MP:0011771] +def: "The embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1230, MGI:anna, MP:0011771] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "genital tubercle" RELATED [EMAPA:17382] synonym: "phallic tubercle" RELATED [] @@ -107866,7 +107866,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Fish have two pairs of external nostrils." xsd:stri [Term] id: UBERON:0005931 name: primary choana -def: "initial opening of the nasal pits and olfactory sac of the embryo into the rostral part of the primordial oronasal cavity, before the formation of the secondary palate." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/primary-choana.html] +def: "Initial opening of the nasal pits and olfactory sac of the embryo into the rostral part of the primordial oronasal cavity, before the formation of the secondary palate." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/primary-choana.html] xref: EHDAA:9087 xref: EMAPA:17851 xref: FMA:295944 @@ -108158,7 +108158,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO check syns - ligaments" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0005970 name: brain commissure -def: "any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/325, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002199] +def: "Any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/325, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith, MP:0002199] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37446 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! nervous system commissure @@ -110736,7 +110736,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005442 ! abdominal external oblique muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0006205 name: pectineal ligament -def: "an extension of the lacunar ligament that runs on the pectineal line of the pubic bone." [Wikipedia:Pectineal_ligament] +def: "An extension of the lacunar ligament that runs on the pectineal line of the pubic bone." [Wikipedia:Pectineal_ligament] synonym: "Cooper's ligament (groin)" EXACT [FMA:20188] synonym: "inguinal ligament of Cooper" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pectineal_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum pectineale" EXACT [FMA:20188] @@ -110855,7 +110855,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/G [Term] id: UBERON:0006212 name: bulbo-ventricular groove -def: "depression at base of developing heart that contains a population of cardiomyocytes that migrate and contribute to the interventricular septum." [BGEE:ANiknejad, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:17064678] +def: "Depression at base of developing heart that contains a population of cardiomyocytes that migrate and contribute to the interventricular septum." [BGEE:ANiknejad, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, PMID:17064678] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "bulbo-ventricular sulcus" EXACT [EMAPA:16693] synonym: "bulboventricular groove" EXACT [VHOG:0001405] @@ -110903,7 +110903,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate id: UBERON:0006215 name: rhombic lip alt_id: UBERON:0013163 -def: "the posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system." [MGI:anna, MP:0012525] +def: "The posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system." [MGI:anna, MP:0012525] subset: pheno_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebellar anlage" RELATED [MGI:anna] @@ -111740,7 +111740,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the oronasal membrane ruptures during th id: UBERON:0006273 name: otic pit alt_id: UBERON:0009123 -def: "the pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011172] +def: "The pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0011172] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 subset: pheno_slim synonym: "otic cup" EXACT [NCBIBook:NBK53175] @@ -111930,7 +111930,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005498 {source="EMAPA"} ! primitive heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0006284 name: early prosencephalic vesicle -def: "future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "forebrain vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "preevaginated forebrain vesicle" NARROW [] @@ -112359,7 +112359,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006320 name: inferior oblique extraocular muscle -def: "thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle] +def: "Thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle] comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution." Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.331 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inferior oblique" EXACT [FMA:49040] @@ -112550,7 +112550,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The superior constrictor is a muscle that i [Term] id: UBERON:0006330 name: anterior lingual gland -def: "the small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009518] +def: "The small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009518] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior lingual salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59796] synonym: "Bauhin's glands" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands] @@ -112877,7 +112877,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "MA placement to be checked" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006373 name: perihilar interstitium -def: "the part of the renal interstitium surrounding the pelvis." [MGI:anna, MP:0011337] +def: "The part of the renal interstitium surrounding the pelvis." [MGI:anna, MP:0011337] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:28083 xref: MA:0002618 @@ -112956,7 +112956,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In harbor seals, the structure of the vibrissal sha [Term] id: UBERON:0006428 name: basisphenoid bone -def: "part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000106] +def: "Part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000106] comment: "Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase." [AAO:0000040] // "An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped." [TAO:0000169] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "basisphenoid" EXACT [AAO:0000040] @@ -113008,7 +113008,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process [Term] id: UBERON:0006435 name: os penis -def: "the unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species." [MGI:anna, MP:0009103] +def: "The unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species." [MGI:anna, MP:0009103] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "baculum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "os baculum" EXACT [] @@ -113999,7 +113999,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Interroseous muscles are short digital musc [Term] id: UBERON:0006499 name: dorsal pes interosseous muscle -def: "the most superior muscles in the sole of the foot that abduct the second to fourth toes. These four muscles also act through the dorsal expansions to resist extension of the metatarsophalangeal joints and flexion of the interphalangeal joints." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Dorsal+interossei+of+the+foot] +def: "The most superior muscles in the sole of the foot that abduct the second to fourth toes. These four muscles also act through the dorsal expansions to resist extension of the metatarsophalangeal joints and flexion of the interphalangeal joints." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Dorsal+interossei+of+the+foot] comment: Action: abducts toes synonym: "dorsal foot interosseus muscle" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [MA:0002303] synonym: "dorsal interosseous muscle of foot" RELATED [FMA:37457] @@ -115265,7 +115265,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/G [Term] id: UBERON:0006639 name: crus of penis -def: "the continuation of each corpus cavernosum of the penis, diverging posteriorly to be attached to the pubic arch." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/crus] +def: "The continuation of each corpus cavernosum of the penis, diverging posteriorly to be attached to the pubic arch." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/crus] synonym: "crura of penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis] synonym: "crus of penis" EXACT [FMA:18248] synonym: "crus penis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis] @@ -115339,7 +115339,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0006643 name: tunica albuginea of testis -def: "the dense fibrous connective tissue layer that covers the testis." [MP:0013738] +def: "The dense fibrous connective tissue layer that covers the testis." [MP:0013738] synonym: "testis tunica albuginea" EXACT [MP:0013738] synonym: "tunica albuginea" BROAD [EHDAA2:0002096, ncithesaurus:Tunica_Albuginea, VHOG:0000801] synonym: "tunica albuginea (testicles)" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis] @@ -115445,7 +115445,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 {source="FMA-modified"} ! mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0006650 name: tunica vaginalis testis -def: "the outer coelomic epithelial covering of the testis; a sac of serous tissue covering the testis and the epididymis within which the testis can move about; it covers the tunica albuginea." [MP:0013739] +def: "The outer coelomic epithelial covering of the testis; a sac of serous tissue covering the testis and the epididymis within which the testis can move about; it covers the tunica albuginea." [MP:0013739] synonym: "lamina parietalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "lamina visceralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "processus vaginalis testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis] @@ -115557,7 +115557,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/G [Term] id: UBERON:0006655 name: septum of scrotum -def: "an incomplete wall of connective tissue and nonstriated muscle (dartos fascia) dividing the scrotum into two sacs, each containing a testis." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=81109] +def: "An incomplete wall of connective tissue and nonstriated muscle (dartos fascia) dividing the scrotum into two sacs, each containing a testis." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=81109] synonym: "scrotal septum" EXACT [FMA:20729] synonym: "septum scroti" EXACT LATIN [] xref: EMAPA:29745 @@ -115826,7 +115826,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/G [Term] id: UBERON:0006670 name: central tendon of diaphragm -def: "the three-lobed cloverleaf-shaped aponeurosis situated at the center of the diaphragm; the central tendon is fused with the fibrous pericardium that provides attachment for the muscle fibers." [MGI:csmith, MP:0012061] +def: "The three-lobed cloverleaf-shaped aponeurosis situated at the center of the diaphragm; the central tendon is fused with the fibrous pericardium that provides attachment for the muscle fibers." [MGI:csmith, MP:0012061] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "central tendon" EXACT [FMA:58279] synonym: "centrum tendineum" EXACT [FMA:58279] @@ -116490,7 +116490,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "We use this class to group the medial and lateral p [Term] id: UBERON:0006721 name: alisphenoid bone -def: "either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003235] +def: "Either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:smb, MP:0003235] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ala major (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52868] synonym: "ala major ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_wing_of_sphenoid_bone] @@ -116543,7 +116543,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "Conical in shape, with the cone extending inwards ( [Term] id: UBERON:0006723 name: cochlear modiolus -def: "the central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0003309] +def: "The central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:anna, MP:0003309] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cochlea modiolus" EXACT [FMA:61278] @@ -116664,7 +116664,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0006729 name: liver perisinusoidal space -def: "the extravascular space in the liver between the parenchymal cells and a sinusoid that contains the blood plasma." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008988] +def: "The extravascular space in the liver between the parenchymal cells and a sinusoid that contains the blood plasma." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0008988] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "Disse's space" EXACT [FMA:63162] synonym: "hepatic perisinusoidal space" EXACT [FMA:63162] @@ -116810,7 +116810,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "paired" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006761 name: corneo-scleral junction -def: "the edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm." [MP:0013477] +def: "The edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm." [MP:0013477] comment: This location has parts such as blood vessels etc. See PMC2868485, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2695343 subset: efo_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -116972,7 +116972,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection [Term] id: UBERON:0006771 name: long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone -def: "germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix[MP]." [MP:0003662] +def: "Germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix[MP]." [MP:0003662] comment: In this zone, chondrocytes undergo rapid mitosis, forming distinctive looking stacks[WP] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epiphyseal plate proliferative zone" EXACT [] @@ -117003,7 +117003,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "there is also MA:0002849 ! hypertrophic [Term] id: UBERON:0006773 name: long bone epiphyseal plate ossification zone -def: "layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited[MP]." [MP:0006399] +def: "Layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited[MP]." [MP:0006399] synonym: "epiphyseal plate ossification zone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate relationship: contains_process GO:0001503 ! ossification @@ -117017,7 +117017,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006776 name: annular epiphysis -def: "secondary growth centers occurring as rings at the periphery of the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epiphysis] +def: "Secondary growth centers occurring as rings at the periphery of the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epiphysis] synonym: "anular epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:75792] xref: FMA:75792 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ @@ -117027,7 +117027,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "here epiphysis means deriving from a separate oss [Term] id: UBERON:0006777 name: tectal plate -def: "embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=453] +def: "Embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=453] comment: The term "tectal plate" (or "quadrigeminal plate") is used to describe the junction of the gray and white matter in the embryo. (NeuroNames ancil-453) synonym: "lamina quadrigemina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77488, FMA:TA] synonym: "quadrigeminal plate" EXACT [FMA:77488] @@ -117040,7 +117040,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0006779 name: superficial white layer of superior colliculus -def: "superficial white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists mainly of axions from the optic nerve." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] +def: "Superficial white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists mainly of axions from the optic nerve." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina III of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer III of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112] @@ -117220,7 +117220,7 @@ relationship: in_deep_part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006790 name: deep white layer of superior colliculus -def: "deep white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists entirely of fibers." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] +def: "Deep white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists entirely of fibers." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "deep white layer of the superior colliculus" RELATED [BAMS:DpWh] synonym: "deep white layer of the superior colliculus" RELATED [BAMS:dw] @@ -118312,7 +118312,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "endostylar" xsd:string id: UBERON:0006871 name: embryonic footplate alt_id: UBERON:0004343 -def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pes (foot)." [https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2218, MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] +def: "The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pes (foot)." [https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2218, MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "distal part of hindlimb bud" RELATED [EMAPA:17249] synonym: "foot disk" RELATED [] @@ -118341,7 +118341,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! embryonic handplate [Term] id: UBERON:0006875 name: embryonic handplate -def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the manus (hand)." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] +def: "The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the manus (hand)." [MGI:csmith, MP:0004576, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "distal part of forelimb bud" RELATED [EMAPA:17245] synonym: "hand plate" EXACT [] synonym: "handplate" EXACT [] @@ -118711,7 +118711,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of CL:0000150 ! glandular epithelial cell [Term] id: UBERON:0006931 name: stomach glandular region mucosa -def: "stomach mucosa that is lined with glandular epithelium and part of a stomach glandular region." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Stomach mucosa that is lined with glandular epithelium and part of a stomach glandular region." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "stomach glandular region glandular mucous membrane" EXACT [EMAPA:27167] xref: EMAPA:27167 xref: MA:0001614 @@ -118768,7 +118768,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004721 {source="MA"} ! crista ampullaris [Term] id: UBERON:0006936 name: thymus subcapsular epithelium -def: "the epithelial cells lining the capsule and trabeculae of the thymus." [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002369] +def: "The epithelial cells lining the capsule and trabeculae of the thymus." [ISBN:0-8153-1691-7, MGI:cwg, MP:0002369] subset: pheno_slim xref: MA:0000769 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -118779,7 +118779,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check whether this is part of the thymus or [Term] id: UBERON:0006937 name: inner ear epithelium -def: "the epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals." [MGI:csmith, MP:0003308] +def: "The epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals." [MGI:csmith, MP:0003308] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:32883 xref: MA:0001189 @@ -118938,7 +118938,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - split off insect classes" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006954 name: mammary gland myoepithelium -def: "the outer cell layer of the mammary gland epithelium bilayer which is located basal to the luminal (secretory) cells and adjacent to the basement membrane." [MGI:anna] +def: "The outer cell layer of the mammary gland epithelium bilayer which is located basal to the luminal (secretory) cells and adjacent to the basement membrane." [MGI:anna] synonym: "lactiferous ductal myo-epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67798] synonym: "mammary myoepithelium" EXACT [BTO:0002310] synonym: "myo-epithelium of lactiferous duct" EXACT [FMA:67798] @@ -120660,7 +120660,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0007197 name: hermaphroditic organism -def: "multicellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes." [http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737] +def: "Multicellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes." [http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737] synonym: "dioecious organism" RELATED [BILA:0000029] synonym: "hermaphrodite" RELATED [WBbt:0007849] xref: AAO:0010035 @@ -121159,7 +121159,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0007250 name: lingual tonsil -def: "the lymph tissue on the floor of the oropharyngeal passage, near the root of the tongue." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002385] +def: "The lymph tissue on the floor of the oropharyngeal passage, near the root of the tongue." [MGI:cwg, MP:0002385] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lingual tonsillar tissue" EXACT [MA:0000773] synonym: "tonsilla lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_tonsils] @@ -122015,7 +122015,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "These data show that ducts within the zebrafish [Term] id: UBERON:0007330 name: rhamphotheca -def: "thin keratinized layer of epidermis projecting from outer surface of beak[WP]." [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca] +def: "Thin keratinized layer of epidermis projecting from outer surface of beak[WP]." [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca] synonym: "horny sheath of beak" RELATED [] synonym: "outer keratin layer of beak" RELATED [] xref: Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca @@ -122101,7 +122101,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 ! pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007352 name: stria vascularis vasculature -def: "blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear." [MP:0004368] +def: "Blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear." [MP:0004368] synonym: "stria vascularis blood vessel" RELATED [MP:0004368] synonym: "stria vascularis blood vessels" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature @@ -122584,7 +122584,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0007416 name: cerebellar peduncle -def: "any of the three large paired bundles of nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009976] +def: "Any of the three large paired bundles of nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem." [MGI:csmith, MP:0009976] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cerebellum peduncle" RELATED [EMAPA:35213] xref: BAMS:cbp @@ -123094,7 +123094,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 ! Aves [Term] id: UBERON:0007625 name: pigment epithelium of eye -def: "epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules." [MP:0005200] +def: "Epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules." [MP:0005200] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "eye pigment epithelium" RELATED [MESH:A09.371.670] xref: GAID:907 @@ -123619,7 +123619,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0005256 {source="ZFA"} ! trunk mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0007684 name: uriniferous tubule -def: "functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule." [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule." [ISBN:0073040584] xref: FMA:17691 is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube relationship: has_part UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule @@ -123644,7 +123644,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0007687 name: kidney field -def: "region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop." [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0099864, GO:0072004, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] +def: "Region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop." [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0099864, GO:0072004, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] synonym: "kidney anlage" RELATED [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] intersection_of: UBERON:0007688 ! anlage intersection_of: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0002113 ! kidney @@ -123671,7 +123671,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multicellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0007689 name: thyroid diverticulum -def: "endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP]." [MP:0004662, Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum] +def: "Endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP]." [MP:0004662, Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum] synonym: "diverticulum thyroideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum] synonym: "saccus thyroideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum] xref: Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum @@ -124818,7 +124818,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/G [Term] id: UBERON:0007820 name: accessory nasal cartilage -def: "small cartilages of the nose connecting the greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage." [Wikipedia:Accessory_nasal_cartilages] +def: "Small cartilages of the nose connecting the greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage." [Wikipedia:Accessory_nasal_cartilages] synonym: "cartilago nasi accessoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_nasal_cartilage] xref: FMA:59510 xref: SCTID:368124000 @@ -125041,7 +125041,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributio [Term] id: UBERON:0007833 name: osseus semicircular canal -def: "the organ of balance composed of three long bony tubes of the labyrinth." [MESH:A09.246.631.663, MGI:cwg, MP:0002428] +def: "The organ of balance composed of three long bony tubes of the labyrinth." [MESH:A09.246.631.663, MGI:cwg, MP:0002428] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "osseous semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000250 @@ -126329,7 +126329,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 {source="FMA"} ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0008324 name: erectile tissue -def: "with numerous vascular spaces that may become engorged with blood." [Wikipedia:Erectile_tissue] +def: "With numerous vascular spaces that may become engorged with blood." [Wikipedia:Erectile_tissue] comment: Examples: corpus cavernosum or penis or clitoris xref: Wikipedia:Erectile_tissue is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue @@ -126682,7 +126682,7 @@ relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001093 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! vert [Term] id: UBERON:0008428 name: ceratoglossus -def: "main, posterior part of hyoglossus muscle (vs. chondroglossus) arising from the greater horn of the hyoid bone." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] +def: "Main, posterior part of hyoglossus muscle (vs. chondroglossus) arising from the greater horn of the hyoid bone." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] synonym: "ceratoglossus muscle" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] synonym: "musculus ceratoglossus" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] xref: FMA:46720 @@ -128272,7 +128272,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "rugae are present on each side of the median pa [Term] id: UBERON:0008800 name: parietal endoderm -def: "primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm[MP]." [MP:0011187, PMID:19201946] +def: "Primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm[MP]." [MP:0011187, PMID:19201946] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "distal endoderm" RELATED [EMAPA:16053] xref: EMAPA:16053 @@ -128383,7 +128383,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In rodents, the prostate gland consists of three lo [Term] id: UBERON:0008808 name: prostate gland dorsolateral lobe -def: "the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle." [MP:0009381, PMID:12645922, PMID:3308446] +def: "The rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle." [MP:0009381, PMID:12645922, PMID:3308446] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "dorsolateral prostate" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000541 @@ -128445,7 +128445,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is an external struc [Term] id: UBERON:0008812 name: hemipenis -def: "one of a pair of intromittent organs of male squamates. Hemipenes are usually held inverted, within the body, and are everted for reproduction via erectile tissue like that in the human penis. Only one is used at a time, and some evidence indicates males alternate use between copulations. The hemipenis itself has a variety of shapes, depending on species. Often the hemipenis bears spines or hooks, in order to anchor the male within the female. Some species even have forked hemipenes (each hemipenis has two tips). Due to being everted and inverted, hemipenes do not have a completely enclosed channel for the conduction of sperm, but rather a seminal groove which seals as the erectile tissue expands." [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] +def: "One of a pair of intromittent organs of male squamates. Hemipenes are usually held inverted, within the body, and are everted for reproduction via erectile tissue like that in the human penis. Only one is used at a time, and some evidence indicates males alternate use between copulations. The hemipenis itself has a variety of shapes, depending on species. Often the hemipenis bears spines or hooks, in order to anchor the male within the female. Some species even have forked hemipenes (each hemipenis has two tips). Due to being everted and inverted, hemipenes do not have a completely enclosed channel for the conduction of sperm, but rather a seminal groove which seals as the erectile tissue expands." [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] subset: organ_slim synonym: "hemipenes" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] xref: SCTID:27265006 @@ -128635,7 +128635,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 {source="FMA"} ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0008826 name: pulmonary surfactant -def: "a substance formed by type II alveolar cells composed of surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein)." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_surfactant] +def: "A substance formed by type II alveolar cells composed of surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein)." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_surfactant] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "alveolar surfactant" EXACT [FMA:62780] synonym: "lung surfactant" EXACT [MA:0002534] @@ -128695,7 +128695,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - account for developmental change" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0008829 name: cerebellum external granule cell layer -def: "transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]." [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development] +def: "Transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]." [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "external granule layer" BROAD [] synonym: "granule cell layer" BROAD [MP:0000872] @@ -128982,7 +128982,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - check - add cranial ovarian susp ligaments" [Term] id: UBERON:0008851 name: ectoplacental cavity -def: "closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity[MP]. a developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity, MP:0011207] +def: "Closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity[MP]. a developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity, MP:0011207] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "epamniotic cavity" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity] synonym: "epamniotic cavity" RELATED [MP:0011207] @@ -128994,7 +128994,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004364 ! ectoplacental cone [Term] id: UBERON:0008852 name: visceral yolk sac -def: "extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells." [MP:0001718] +def: "Extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells." [MP:0001718] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "secondary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0001718] synonym: "umbilical vesicle" EXACT [MP:0001718] @@ -129006,7 +129006,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0008853 name: parietal yolk sac -def: "tissue that consists of two cellular layers (parietal endoderm and trophoblast) separated by a relatively thick nonvascular basement membrane (Reichert's membrane), and acts as a protective layer to supports and facilitates transport of nutrients between the uterine tissue and the yolk sac cavity." [MP:0011203, PMID:1150659, PMID:21123814] +def: "Tissue that consists of two cellular layers (parietal endoderm and trophoblast) separated by a relatively thick nonvascular basement membrane (Reichert's membrane), and acts as a protective layer to supports and facilitates transport of nutrients between the uterine tissue and the yolk sac cavity." [MP:0011203, PMID:1150659, PMID:21123814] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "primary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0011203] xref: EHDAA2:0003237 @@ -129915,7 +129915,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "ABA disjointness - Removed relationship [Term] id: UBERON:0008934 name: secondary somatosensory cortex -def: "the area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000863] +def: "The area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation." [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0000863] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "S2" BROAD ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "somatosensory area 2" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sensory_system] @@ -130249,7 +130249,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0008961 name: parabronchus -def: "tertiary bronchus in the avian lung." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parabronchi] +def: "Tertiary bronchus in the avian lung." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parabronchi] synonym: "neopulmonic parabronchus" NARROW [] synonym: "paleopulmonic parabronchus" NARROW [] synonym: "parabronchi" RELATED PLURAL [] @@ -130371,7 +130371,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 {source="BTO"} ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0008974 name: apocrine gland -def: "any exocrine gland whose cells bud their secretions off through the plasma membrane producing membrane-bound vesicles in the lumen; the apical portion of the secretory cell of the gland pinches off and enters the lumen; it loses part of its cytoplasm in their secretions; apocrine secretion is functional during hormonal stress or puberty; an example of true apocrine glands are mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk." [MGI:anna] +def: "Any exocrine gland whose cells bud their secretions off through the plasma membrane producing membrane-bound vesicles in the lumen; the apical portion of the secretory cell of the gland pinches off and enters the lumen; it loses part of its cytoplasm in their secretions; apocrine secretion is functional during hormonal stress or puberty; an example of true apocrine glands are mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk." [MGI:anna] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "true apocrine gland" EXACT [] @@ -130718,7 +130718,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009013 name: white fibrocartilage -def: "fibrocartilage in which strong bundles of white fibrous tissue predominate." [http://www.ufrgs.br/imunovet/molecular_immunology/muscles.html] +def: "Fibrocartilage in which strong bundles of white fibrous tissue predominate." [http://www.ufrgs.br/imunovet/molecular_immunology/muscles.html] xref: EMAPA:37806 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0000486 xref: SCTID:3008003 @@ -131217,7 +131217,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009074 name: syrinx organ -def: "vocal organ of birds, located at the base of a trachea." [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)] +def: "Vocal organ of birds, located at the base of a trachea." [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)] subset: organ_slim synonym: "avian vocal organ" RELATED [] synonym: "syrinx" RELATED [] @@ -131366,7 +131366,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009101 ! ammocoete [Term] id: UBERON:0009101 name: ammocoete -def: "lamprey at larval stage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Lamprey at larval stage." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0002548 ! larva relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7745 ! Petromyzontiformes @@ -131750,7 +131750,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 {source="EHDAA2"} ! foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0009149 name: foramen primum -def: "opening in the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart[TMD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum, Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen] +def: "Opening in the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart[TMD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum, Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen] synonym: "interatrial foramen primum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen] synonym: "ostium primum" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum] synonym: "primary interatrial foramen" EXACT [Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen] @@ -132141,7 +132141,7 @@ property_value: has_relational_adjective "axillary" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0009473 name: parapodium -def: "either of a pair of fleshy lateral processes borne by most segments of a polychaete worm." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parapodium?show=0&t=1314575672, Wikipedia:Parapodium] +def: "Either of a pair of fleshy lateral processes borne by most segments of a polychaete worm." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parapodium?show=0&t=1314575672, Wikipedia:Parapodium] synonym: "paradpod" EXACT [] synonym: "paradpodia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "polychaete paradpodium" EXACT [] @@ -133441,7 +133441,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/G [Term] id: UBERON:0009640 name: hypophyseal cartilage -def: "forms around the developing pituitary, and together with prechordal cartilages creates body of sphenoid bone." [ISBN:1588903958] +def: "Forms around the developing pituitary, and together with prechordal cartilages creates body of sphenoid bone." [ISBN:1588903958] comment: classified as part of chondrocranium based on developmental relationships is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilage element of chondrocranium @@ -134117,7 +134117,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7712 ! Tunicata [Term] id: UBERON:0009719 name: tunicate siphon -def: "tubular appendage for drawing or ejecting fluids." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Tubular appendage for drawing or ejecting fluids." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "siphon" EXACT [BTO:0002056] xref: BTO:0002056 is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage @@ -134397,7 +134397,7 @@ property_value: location_notes "Lipid-rich, collagen fiber-laced blubber compris [Term] id: UBERON:0009755 name: spermaceti -def: "wax present in the head cavities of the sperm whale." [Wikipedia:Spermaceti] +def: "Wax present in the head cavities of the sperm whale." [Wikipedia:Spermaceti] xref: Wikipedia:Spermaceti is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! organism substance relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9753 ! Physeter @@ -134769,7 +134769,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The border between the dorsal and ventral t [Term] id: UBERON:0009849 name: tadpole stage -def: "wholly aquatic larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian, particularly of a frog or toad[WP]. XAO: The stages from feeding to the end of metamorphosis. Encompasses Weisz's first-form tadpole (equivalent to NF stages 45 to 49), second-form tadpole (NF 49 to 56) and third-form tadpole (NF 56 to 60-plus) stages." [ISBN:0471209627, ISSN:0003-276X, Wikipedia:Tadpole] +def: "Wholly aquatic larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian, particularly of a frog or toad[WP]. XAO: The stages from feeding to the end of metamorphosis. Encompasses Weisz's first-form tadpole (equivalent to NF stages 45 to 49), second-form tadpole (NF 49 to 56) and third-form tadpole (NF 56 to 60-plus) stages." [ISBN:0471209627, ISSN:0003-276X, Wikipedia:Tadpole] xref: Wikipedia:Tadpole xref: XAO:1000008 is_a: UBERON:0004728 ! amphibian larval stage @@ -134834,7 +134834,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009855 name: echinoderm gastric caecum -def: "non-contractile pouch that is connected to the anterior stomach through a slit-like opening. This pouch is also well-connected to the haemal system through numerous haemal ducts within its connective tissue layer." [PMID:20955602] +def: "Non-contractile pouch that is connected to the anterior stomach through a slit-like opening. This pouch is also well-connected to the haemal system through numerous haemal ducts within its connective tissue layer." [PMID:20955602] comment: The digestive tract of many metazoan invertebrates is characterized by the presence of caeca or diverticula that serve secretory and/or absorptive functions. With the development of various feeding habits, distinctive digestive organs may be present in certain taxa. This also holds true for sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea), in which a highly specialized gastric caecum can be found in members of a derived subgroup, the Irregularia (cake urchins, sea biscuits, sand dollars, heart urchins, and related forms)... Homologous with the more or less pronounced dilation of the anterior stomach that is observed in most "regular" sea urchin taxa[PMID:20955602] is_a: UBERON:0009854 ! digestive tract diverticulum relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7586 ! Echinodermata @@ -135255,7 +135255,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In general, the two studies in chick concluded that [Term] id: UBERON:0009890 name: anterior intestinal portal -def: "opening of the foregut into the midgut." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html] +def: "Opening of the foregut into the midgut." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html] synonym: "fovea cardiaca" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut @@ -135802,7 +135802,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "in EHDAA2, the embryonic pancreatic ducts (dorsal, [Term] id: UBERON:0009971 name: principal gastric gland -def: "one of the gastric glands that secretes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice[Stedman's]." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html, MP:0003892] +def: "One of the gastric glands that secretes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice[Stedman's]." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html, MP:0003892] synonym: "acid gland" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html] synonym: "gastric follicle" RELATED [MP:0003892] synonym: "gastric gland" BROAD [MP:0003892] @@ -136153,7 +136153,7 @@ disjoint_from: UBERON:0014732 {source="CARO"} ! compound cell cluster organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010002 name: pulmonary neuroendocrine body -def: "corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors." [MP:0010921] +def: "Corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors." [MP:0010921] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "NEB" EXACT [MP:0010921] synonym: "pulmonary neuroepithelial body" EXACT [MP:0010921] @@ -137256,7 +137256,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/G [Term] id: UBERON:0010133 name: neuroendocrine gland -def: "any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000631] +def: "Any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0000631] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "neuroendocrine system gland" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000720 @@ -137345,7 +137345,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "constitutes 60-70 % of the ejaculate in humans[MP]" [Term] id: UBERON:0010145 name: paraurethral gland -def: "the numerous mucous-secreting glands found in several female mammalian species (including rodents and humans) on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra, and possessing a common paraurethral duct which opens (on each side) near the external urethral orifice; they are homologous with the prostate gland in males, have highly variable anatomy, and are believed to be the source of the female ejaculate, a lubricating fluid with a similar consistency to male prostatic fluid that is expelled through the urethra during sexual stimulation; like the male prostate, these glands are susceptible to infection (skenitis), cyst development, and cancer." [MGI:anna, MP:0011793] +def: "The numerous mucous-secreting glands found in several female mammalian species (including rodents and humans) on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra, and possessing a common paraurethral duct which opens (on each side) near the external urethral orifice; they are homologous with the prostate gland in males, have highly variable anatomy, and are believed to be the source of the female ejaculate, a lubricating fluid with a similar consistency to male prostatic fluid that is expelled through the urethra during sexual stimulation; like the male prostate, these glands are susceptible to infection (skenitis), cyst development, and cancer." [MGI:anna, MP:0011793] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "female prostate" EXACT [MP:0011793, PMID:10668204, Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland] synonym: "female urethral gland" BROAD [EMAPA:29653, MP:0011793] @@ -137484,7 +137484,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007358 {source="BTO"} ! abomasum [Term] id: UBERON:0010155 name: parietomastoid suture -def: "unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP:Squamosal_suture]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP:Squamosal_suture]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "parieto-mastoid suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "parietomastoid suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52947] xref: FMA:52947 @@ -137687,7 +137687,7 @@ intersection_of: has_member UBERON:0001702 ! eyelash [Term] id: UBERON:0010169 name: moustache -def: "facial hair grown on the outer surface of the upper lip. It may or may not be accompanied by a type of beard, a facial hair style grown and cropped to cover most of the lower half of the face." [Wikipedia:Moustache] +def: "Facial hair grown on the outer surface of the upper lip. It may or may not be accompanied by a type of beard, a facial hair style grown and cropped to cover most of the lower half of the face." [Wikipedia:Moustache] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "mustache" EXACT [] synonym: "set of hair of upper lip proper" RELATED [FMA:59652] @@ -137834,7 +137834,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "todo" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0010186 name: male urethral gland -def: "any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the penile urethra." [MGI:anna, MP:0011794] +def: "Any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the penile urethra." [MGI:anna, MP:0011794] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "gland of Littre" EXACT [] synonym: "gland of male urethra" EXACT [] @@ -137889,7 +137889,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "part_of in EHDAA2. Only child in MA." x [Term] id: UBERON:0010190 name: pair of dorsal aortae -def: "the paired arterial structures of the embryo that supplies each developing somite via efferent segmental arteries; the dorsal aortae articulate with the umbilical arteries, which return mixed blood to the villi of the chorion for reoxygenation." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MP:0004787] +def: "The paired arterial structures of the embryo that supplies each developing somite via efferent segmental arteries; the dorsal aortae articulate with the umbilical arteries, which return mixed blood to the villi of the chorion for reoxygenation." [ISBN:0-914294-08-3, MP:0004787] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "paired dorsal aortae" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000410] xref: EHDAA2:0000410 @@ -138142,7 +138142,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0010213 ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010215 name: arytenoid swellings -def: "paired primordial elevations, on either side of the embryonic larynx, within which the arytenoid cartilages are formed." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87317] +def: "Paired primordial elevations, on either side of the embryonic larynx, within which the arytenoid cartilages are formed." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87317] xref: EHDAA2:0000146 is_a: UBERON:0005856 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing mesenchymal condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010221 {source="EHDAA2"} ! laryngeal associated mesenchyme @@ -138406,7 +138406,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0012102 ! buccal salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010242 name: anterior buccal gland -def: "the racemose, mucous or serous glands in the submucous tissue of the cheeks." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009519] +def: "The racemose, mucous or serous glands in the submucous tissue of the cheeks." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0009519] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "anterior buccal salivary gland" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002700 @@ -139185,7 +139185,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "The most extreme development of the palpebral is fo [Term] id: UBERON:0010310 name: nictitating membrane lamina -def: "thin cartilage element that stiffens the nictitating membrane." [PMID:16496288] +def: "Thin cartilage element that stiffens the nictitating membrane." [PMID:16496288] comment: Morphology notes: Generally, the cartilage consists of a long narrow appendix which is followed by a variable crossbar[PMID:11325064] synonym: "cartilago intercipiens" EXACT [PMID:16496288] synonym: "nictitating membrane cartilage" EXACT [PMID:11325064] @@ -139304,7 +139304,7 @@ consider: UBERON:0011156 [Term] id: UBERON:0010326 name: optic pedicel -def: "permanent cartilage structure projecting from the site of origin of the recti muscles. Supports eyeball and aids rotation." [ISBN:071676959X, PMID:16496288] +def: "Permanent cartilage structure projecting from the site of origin of the recti muscles. Supports eyeball and aids rotation." [ISBN:071676959X, PMID:16496288] synonym: "eye stalk" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilage element of chondrocranium relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7777 {source="PMID:16496288"} ! Chondrichthyes @@ -139865,7 +139865,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "declaring this to be both smooth muscle and part of [Term] id: UBERON:0010380 name: enteric nerve -def: "the neurons that innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel." [MGI:csmith, MP:0001046] +def: "The neurons that innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel." [MGI:csmith, MP:0001046] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37479 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0001145 @@ -140053,7 +140053,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Note that there is no consensus in the literature a [Term] id: UBERON:0010399 name: spleen trabecular artery -def: "one of the branches of the splenic artery[MP]." [MP:0002354, Wikipedia:Trabecular_arteries] +def: "One of the branches of the splenic artery[MP]." [MP:0002354, Wikipedia:Trabecular_arteries] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "trabecular artery" RELATED [] xref: MA:0000759 @@ -140069,7 +140069,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "When the splenic artery passes into the tra [Term] id: UBERON:0010400 name: spleen trabecular vein -def: "one of the veins that feed the splenic vein." [MP:0002228, Wikipedia:Trabecular_veins] +def: "One of the veins that feed the splenic vein." [MP:0002228, Wikipedia:Trabecular_veins] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "trabecular vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_veins] xref: MA:0000760 @@ -140150,7 +140150,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0005374 ! spinal cord lateral column [Term] id: UBERON:0010406 name: cholinergic enteric nerve -def: "nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system." [MP:0001049] +def: "Nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system." [MP:0001049] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37480 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0001146 @@ -140188,7 +140188,7 @@ relationship: superficial_to UBERON:0022288 ! surface of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0010410 name: inguinal fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin." [MGI:csmith] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin." [MGI:csmith] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "fat depot of inguinal region" EXACT [] synonym: "inguinal fat depot" EXACT [] @@ -140199,7 +140199,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0010411 name: retroperitoneal fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0005337] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum." [MGI:csmith, MP:0005337] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "retroperitoneal fat depot" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002549 @@ -140210,7 +140210,7 @@ relationship: located_in UBERON:0003693 ! retroperitoneal space [Term] id: UBERON:0010412 name: epididymal fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis." [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis." [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "periepididymal fat pad" EXACT [MP:0009288] xref: EMAPA:35316 @@ -140221,7 +140221,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0010413 name: parametrial fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament." [MGI:csmith] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament." [MGI:csmith] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "parametrial adipose tissue" RELATED [BTO:0005628] synonym: "parametrial fat" RELATED [BTO:0005628] @@ -140234,7 +140234,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010391 ! parametrium [Term] id: UBERON:0010414 name: omental fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon." [MP:MP] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon." [MP:MP] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "omental fat depot" EXACT [MP:0010044] xref: MA:0002956 @@ -140316,7 +140316,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0010419 name: vibrissa follicle -def: "one of the tubular invaginations of the epidermis enclosing the hair roots and from which grow the vibrissae located on the muzzle and face of many species." [MGI:llw2, MP:0010234] +def: "One of the tubular invaginations of the epidermis enclosing the hair roots and from which grow the vibrissae located on the muzzle and face of many species." [MGI:llw2, MP:0010234] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "follicle of sinus hair" EXACT [EMAPA:26759] synonym: "follicle of vibrissa" EXACT [EMAPA:26720] @@ -140430,7 +140430,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In humans the only internal naris is the posterior [Term] id: UBERON:0010426 name: oropharyngeal choana -def: "opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the oropharynx via the roof of the mouth." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the oropharynx via the roof of the mouth." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "apertura nasalis interna" RELATED [AAO:0000025] synonym: "choana of oropharynx" EXACT [] synonym: "cleft palate" RELATED [] @@ -142219,7 +142219,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly w [Term] id: UBERON:0010739 name: distal carpal bone 5 -def: "endochondral carpal bone similar to distal carpal 4, but lost in most reptiles and mammals." [VSAO:0005047] +def: "Endochondral carpal bone similar to distal carpal 4, but lost in most reptiles and mammals." [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "carpal 5" RELATED [AAO:0000851] synonym: "distal carpal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "hamate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] @@ -142539,7 +142539,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0010759 name: equine distal sesamoid -def: "lies on the palmar aspect of the coffin joint between the second phalanx and third phalanx. articulates closely with the distal phalanx, to which it is connected by the impar ligament of the navicular bone. The impar ligament is very strong and permits relatively little motion between the navicular bone and the distal phalanx." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Distal_sesamoid, Wikipedia:Navicular_bone#Horse_anatomy] +def: "Lies on the palmar aspect of the coffin joint between the second phalanx and third phalanx. articulates closely with the distal phalanx, to which it is connected by the impar ligament of the navicular bone. The impar ligament is very strong and permits relatively little motion between the navicular bone and the distal phalanx." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Distal_sesamoid, Wikipedia:Navicular_bone#Horse_anatomy] synonym: "distal sesamoid bone" RELATED [] synonym: "navicular bone" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Distal_sesamoid] xref: SCTID:370654009 @@ -142955,7 +142955,7 @@ consider: MIAA:0000152 [Term] id: UBERON:0010889 name: ectethmoid -def: "either of two lateral parts of the ethmoid bone that form part of the anterior wall of the orbit." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ectethmoid] +def: "Either of two lateral parts of the ethmoid bone that form part of the anterior wall of the orbit." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ectethmoid] synonym: "dorsal nasal capsule" EXACT [PMID:21270050] is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone @@ -143154,7 +143154,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle skeleto [Term] id: UBERON:0010907 name: parafibula -def: "third bone of the lower leg, normally restricted to the area of the knee, in multuberculates, monotremes and some therians." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html#P] +def: "Third bone of the lower leg, normally restricted to the area of the knee, in multuberculates, monotremes and some therians." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html#P] is_a: UBERON:0005893 ! leg bone relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="Palaeos"} ! Mammalia relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod @@ -143262,7 +143262,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0010921 {source="FMA"} ! thyrohyoid ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0010927 name: thyroepiglotticus muscle -def: "fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle that continue to the margin of the epiglottis; it closes the inlet to the larynx." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thyroepiglottic+muscle, Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle] +def: "Fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle that continue to the margin of the epiglottis; it closes the inlet to the larynx." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thyroepiglottic+muscle, Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica (musculus thyroarytenoideus)" EXACT [FMA:46594] synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica musculi thyroarytenoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica musculus thyroarytenoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] @@ -143548,7 +143548,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in orangutans, this muscle attaches to the mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0010945 name: jugulohyoideus muscle -def: "runs from the processus jugularis to the os stylohyoideum; innervated with the ramus jugulohyoideus from the nervus facialis." [PMID:7839797] +def: "Runs from the processus jugularis to the os stylohyoideum; innervated with the ramus jugulohyoideus from the nervus facialis." [PMID:7839797] comment: See also: stylohyoid muscle synonym: "jugulohyoid" RELATED [] synonym: "jugulohyoideus" RELATED [] @@ -144271,7 +144271,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Duct that contains perilymph[ZFA:0005461, Z [Term] id: UBERON:0011078 name: endolymphatic space -def: "endolymph-filled space contained by the membranous labyrinth." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endolymphatic+space] +def: "Endolymph-filled space contained by the membranous labyrinth." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endolymphatic+space] xref: FMA:77823 xref: SCTID:279856000 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity @@ -144763,7 +144763,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Block of cartilage, which usually ossifies, [Term] id: UBERON:0011136 name: ligament of vertebral column -def: "ligament that joins successive centra. Important in controlling the stiffness of the vertebral column when it flexes." [ISBN:0073040584] +def: "Ligament that joins successive centra. Important in controlling the stiffness of the vertebral column when it flexes." [ISBN:0073040584] synonym: "intervertebral ligament" BROAD [] synonym: "vertebral centrum ligament" BROAD [] synonym: "vertebral column ligament" EXACT [FMA:31892] @@ -145421,7 +145421,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! alimentary part of gastrointestinal sy [Term] id: UBERON:0011186 name: Krause's gland -def: "small, mucous accessory lacrimal glands that are found underneath the eyelid where the upper and lower conjuctivae meet. Their ducts unite into a rather long sinus which open into the fornix conjunctiva. There are approximately forty Krause glands in the region of the upper eyelid, and around 6 to 8 in the region of the lower lid. The function of these glands are to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjuctiva." [Wikipedia:Krause's_glands] +def: "Small, mucous accessory lacrimal glands that are found underneath the eyelid where the upper and lower conjuctivae meet. Their ducts unite into a rather long sinus which open into the fornix conjunctiva. There are approximately forty Krause glands in the region of the upper eyelid, and around 6 to 8 in the region of the lower lid. The function of these glands are to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjuctiva." [Wikipedia:Krause's_glands] synonym: "accessory lacrimal gland" BROAD [FMA:59056] synonym: "conjunctival gland" BROAD [FMA:59056] synonym: "Krause gland" EXACT [FMA:59056] @@ -147655,7 +147655,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004408 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0011576 name: supraorbital ridge -def: "the superior half of the orbital rim, which constitutes the curved superior border of the orbital opening, formed by the frontal bone." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52809] +def: "The superior half of the orbital rim, which constitutes the curved superior border of the orbital opening, formed by the frontal bone." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52809] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "arcus superciliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge] synonym: "eyebrow bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge] @@ -150279,7 +150279,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "A line in FMA, a structure in MP" xsd:s [Term] id: UBERON:0011919 name: yolk sac blood island -def: "masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac." [MP:0011204] +def: "Masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac." [MP:0011204] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "visceral yolk sac blood island" EXACT [MP:0011204] synonym: "yolk sac blood islands" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000177] @@ -151281,7 +151281,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0012079 name: metapterygial axis -def: "proximodistal trajectory through a metapterygium[Wagner]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/128] +def: "Proximodistal trajectory through a metapterygium[Wagner]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/128] comment: persisted in sacropterygians, precursor to limb axis is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 ! Vertebrata @@ -151909,7 +151909,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0012168 name: umbilical cord blood -def: "blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cord_blood] +def: "Blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cord_blood] comment: Cord blood is collected because it contains stem cells, which can be used to treat hematopoietic and genetic disorders.[WP] subset: efo_slim synonym: "cord blood" RELATED [BTO:0004053] @@ -152216,7 +152216,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0012193 {source="cjm"} ! phrenic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0012238 name: ureteric bud trunk -def: "ureteric bud cells that elongate to form a rigid structure (stalk) consisting of polarized epithelial cells without branching; the stalks differentiate into the collecting system of the mature kidney, while the tip cells interact with the adjacent cells of the metanephric mesenchyme, inducing their conversion into nephrons." [MP:0011761] +def: "Ureteric bud cells that elongate to form a rigid structure (stalk) consisting of polarized epithelial cells without branching; the stalks differentiate into the collecting system of the mature kidney, while the tip cells interact with the adjacent cells of the metanephric mesenchyme, inducing their conversion into nephrons." [MP:0011761] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "ureteric bud stalk" RELATED [MP:0011761] synonym: "ureteric stalk" RELATED [EMAPA:27608] @@ -152230,7 +152230,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud [Term] id: UBERON:0012239 name: urinary bladder vasculature -def: "network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]." [MP:MP] +def: "Network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]." [MP:MP] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "bladder vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "blood vessel of bladder" RELATED [EMAPA:28679] @@ -152244,7 +152244,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0012240 name: urethral meatus -def: "external opening or orifice of the urethra through which urine and seminal fluid (in males only) leave the body; in males the meatus presents as a vertical slit normally positioned at the tip of glans penis; in females the meatus is located between the clitoris and the vagina in the vulvular vestibule of the female genitalia[MP]." [MP:MP, Wikipedia:Urinary_meatus] +def: "External opening or orifice of the urethra through which urine and seminal fluid (in males only) leave the body; in males the meatus presents as a vertical slit normally positioned at the tip of glans penis; in females the meatus is located between the clitoris and the vagina in the vulvular vestibule of the female genitalia[MP]." [MP:MP, Wikipedia:Urinary_meatus] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "external meatus of urethra" EXACT [FMA:19650] synonym: "external urethral orifice" EXACT [FMA:19650] @@ -152289,7 +152289,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "The external urethral orifice is the extern [Term] id: UBERON:0012242 name: internal urethral orifice -def: "the usually crescent-shaped opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra, placed at the anteroinferior angle (apex) of the urinary bladder trigone." [MGI:anna, MP:0011782] +def: "The usually crescent-shaped opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra, placed at the anteroinferior angle (apex) of the urinary bladder trigone." [MGI:anna, MP:0011782] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "internal meatus of urethra" EXACT [FMA:85263] synonym: "internal urethral orifice of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:85263] @@ -152357,7 +152357,7 @@ relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0012363 ! thyroid follicle epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0012247 name: cervical gland -def: "mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+glands] +def: "Mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+glands] synonym: "glandulae cervicales" EXACT [FMA:TA] xref: NCIT:C32296 xref: SCTID:280836000 @@ -152590,7 +152590,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "in future this class may be replaced by a more taxo [Term] id: UBERON:0012270 name: forestomach-glandular stomach junction -def: "the distinct low fold of tissue that separates the non-glandular area of the stomach (forestomach) from the glandular stomach; the limiting ridge extends circumferentially from the large curvature of the stomach to the small curvature, just below the esophagus; at the esophagus, the course of the limiting ridge bends into a U-shape and almost surrounds the esophageal opening." [MGI:anna] +def: "The distinct low fold of tissue that separates the non-glandular area of the stomach (forestomach) from the glandular stomach; the limiting ridge extends circumferentially from the large curvature of the stomach to the small curvature, just below the esophagus; at the esophagus, the course of the limiting ridge bends into a U-shape and almost surrounds the esophageal opening." [MGI:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "forestomach - glandular stomach squamocolumnar junction" RELATED [] synonym: "limiting ridge of stomach" RELATED [MA:0003014] @@ -152728,7 +152728,7 @@ relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 ! Homo sapiens [Term] id: UBERON:0012282 name: mammary fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland." [MGI:csmith] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland." [MGI:csmith] subset: pheno_slim xref: EMAPA:37901 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad @@ -152737,7 +152737,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0012283 name: femoral fat pad -def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur." [MP:0008905] +def: "Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur." [MP:0008905] synonym: "femoral fat depot" EXACT [MP:0008905] intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod @@ -152923,7 +152923,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "in the FMA this is part of the prostati [Term] id: UBERON:0012297 name: male urethral crest -def: "narrow longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the male urethra, extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; when distended, it may serve to prevent the passage of the semen backward into the bladder; on either side of the male urethral crest is a slightly depressed fossa, the prostatic sinus, the floor of which is perforated by the orifices of the prostatic ducts from the lateral lobes of the prostate; the ducts of the middle lobe open behind the crest; at the forepart of the crest, below its summit, is a median elevation, the colliculus seminalis, upon or within the margins of which are the orifices of the prostatic utricle and the slit-like openings of the ejaculatory ducts[MP]." [MP:0011841, MP:anna] +def: "Narrow longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the male urethra, extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; when distended, it may serve to prevent the passage of the semen backward into the bladder; on either side of the male urethral crest is a slightly depressed fossa, the prostatic sinus, the floor of which is perforated by the orifices of the prostatic ducts from the lateral lobes of the prostate; the ducts of the middle lobe open behind the crest; at the forepart of the crest, below its summit, is a median elevation, the colliculus seminalis, upon or within the margins of which are the orifices of the prostatic utricle and the slit-like openings of the ejaculatory ducts[MP]." [MP:0011841, MP:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "crista phallica" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna] synonym: "crista urethralis masculinae" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna] @@ -152985,7 +152985,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0012302 name: male membranous urethra -def: "the shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the male urethral canal located in the deep perineal pouch and lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium; it extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm below and behind the pubic symphysis; the membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands." [MGI:anna, MP:0011778] +def: "The shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the male urethral canal located in the deep perineal pouch and lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium; it extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm below and behind the pubic symphysis; the membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands." [MGI:anna, MP:0011778] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "intermediate part of male urethra" RELATED [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra] synonym: "membranous urethra" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:19674] @@ -153306,7 +153306,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "In rodents, during inguinoscrotal descent the guber [Term] id: UBERON:0012327 name: pearly penile papule -def: "small saliences on the ridge of the glans of the male genital organs." [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis] +def: "Small saliences on the ridge of the glans of the male genital organs." [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis] synonym: "hirsuties coronae glandis" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis] synonym: "hirsutoid papilloma" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis] synonym: "preputial gland of penis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:19653] @@ -153453,7 +153453,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0012344 name: holocrine gland -def: "any exocrine gland whose secretion consists of its own disintegrated secretory cells along with its secretory product; holocrine secretions are produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen." [MP:0013543] +def: "Any exocrine gland whose secretion consists of its own disintegrated secretory cells along with its secretory product; holocrine secretions are produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen." [MP:0013543] subset: pheno_slim xref: BTO:0002325 xref: MA:0003042 @@ -153463,7 +153463,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="MA", source="MP"} ! exocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0012348 name: autopod pad -def: "pigmented, keratinised, hairless epidermis covering subcutaneous, collagenous, and adipose tissue." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Paw#Common_characteristics] +def: "Pigmented, keratinised, hairless epidermis covering subcutaneous, collagenous, and adipose tissue." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Paw#Common_characteristics] synonym: "paw pad" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: has_part UBERON:0001003 ! skin epidermis @@ -153654,7 +153654,7 @@ relationship: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {notes="As in mammals, the thyroid [Term] id: UBERON:0012364 name: colloid of thyroid follicle -def: "portion of substance contained within the thyroid follicle lumen. Contains prohormone thyroglobulin." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Portion of substance contained within the thyroid follicle lumen. Contains prohormone thyroglobulin." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "thyroid colloid" EXACT [FMA:68831] synonym: "thyroid follicle colloid" EXACT [FMA:68831] xref: FMA:68831 @@ -154098,7 +154098,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0012443 ! row of scales [Term] id: UBERON:0012446 name: obsolete cloacal spur -def: "retained pelvic vestiges found in birds. They are generally used in courtship and are more pronounced in males than females." [http://en.wikivet.net] +def: "Retained pelvic vestiges found in birds. They are generally used in courtship and are more pronounced in males than females." [http://en.wikivet.net] comment: Obsoleted as lacks support in literature is_obsolete: true @@ -154185,7 +154185,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class and subclasses may be ceded to GO" xsd [Term] id: UBERON:0012456 name: Merkel nerve ending -def: "mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal." [Wikipedia:Merkel_nerve_ending] +def: "Mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal." [Wikipedia:Merkel_nerve_ending] synonym: "Merkel's disc" EXACT [FMA:83606] synonym: "Merkel's disk" EXACT [] synonym: "Merkel's receptor" EXACT [] @@ -154229,7 +154229,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MP says subcutaneous tissue of digits; [Term] id: UBERON:0012458 name: antler velvet -def: "highly vascular skin called velvet that covers the antler whilst it grows, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the growing bone." [Wikipedia:Velvet_(antler_covering)] +def: "Highly vascular skin called velvet that covers the antler whilst it grows, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the growing bone." [Wikipedia:Velvet_(antler_covering)] synonym: "velvet of antler" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:47282002 xref: Wikipedia:Velvet_(antler_covering) @@ -155790,7 +155790,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0013191 name: ovarian cortex -def: "the layer of the ovarian stroma lying immediately beneath the tunica albuginea, composed of connective tissue cells and fibers, among which are scattered primary and secondary (antral) follicles in various stages of development; the cortex varies in thickness according to the age of the individual, becoming thinner with advancing years; included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte; the zona pellucida, theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle; also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles." [MGI:anna] +def: "The layer of the ovarian stroma lying immediately beneath the tunica albuginea, composed of connective tissue cells and fibers, among which are scattered primary and secondary (antral) follicles in various stages of development; the cortex varies in thickness according to the age of the individual, becoming thinner with advancing years; included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte; the zona pellucida, theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle; also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles." [MGI:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "cortex of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18613] synonym: "cortex ovarii (zona parenchymatosa)" EXACT [FMA:18613] @@ -155805,7 +155805,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006960 ! ovary stroma [Term] id: UBERON:0013192 name: ovarian medulla -def: "highly vascular stroma found in the center of the ovary that forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; this stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter; it does not contain any ovarian follicles." [MGI:anna] +def: "Highly vascular stroma found in the center of the ovary that forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; this stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter; it does not contain any ovarian follicles." [MGI:anna] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "medulla of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18616] synonym: "medulla ovarii (zona vasculosa)" EXACT [FMA:18616] @@ -156348,7 +156348,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0013245 name: sinovaginal bulb -def: "solid evaginations of the UG sinus that develops into a vaginal plate that which will will eventually canalize to form the inferior portion of the vagina." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Solid evaginations of the UG sinus that develops into a vaginal plate that which will will eventually canalize to form the inferior portion of the vagina." [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: NCIT:C34297 xref: UMLS:C1519330 {source="ncithesaurus:Sinovaginal_Bulb"} is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure @@ -156423,7 +156423,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "one of the small pedunculated structures at [Term] id: UBERON:0013262 name: remnnant of ductus deferens -def: "remnant in a female of the portion of the embryonic mesonephric duct that develops into the ductus deferens in males." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=98549] +def: "Remnant in a female of the portion of the embryonic mesonephric duct that develops into the ductus deferens in males." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=98549] synonym: "ductus deferens vestige" EXACT [FMA:76609] synonym: "ductus deferens vestigialis" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "vestige of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:76609] @@ -156435,7 +156435,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0013277 name: remnant of processus vaginalis -def: "incompletely obliterated remnants of the vaginal process of the peritoneum remaining in the spermatic cord." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=98550] +def: "Incompletely obliterated remnants of the vaginal process of the peritoneum remaining in the spermatic cord." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=98550] synonym: "processus vaginalis vestige" EXACT [FMA:77300] synonym: "vestige of processus vaginalis" EXACT [FMA:77300] xref: FMA:77300 @@ -162494,7 +162494,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004677 {source="FMA"} ! spinal cord gray commissur [Term] id: UBERON:0014631 name: dorsal gray commissure of spinal cord -def: "the part of the gray commissure in the spinal central gray posterior to the central canal of the spinal cord." [NeuroNames:2017] +def: "The part of the gray commissure in the spinal central gray posterior to the central canal of the spinal cord." [NeuroNames:2017] synonym: "commissura grisea posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal gray commissure" EXACT [NeuroNames:2017] synonym: "dorsal grey commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77037] @@ -163266,7 +163266,7 @@ property_value: function_notes "secretes bicarbonate, absorbs Cl-" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0014729 name: striated duct of salivary gland -def: "gland duct which connects an intercalated duct to an interlobular duct in a salivary gland." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Striated_duct] +def: "Gland duct which connects an intercalated duct to an interlobular duct in a salivary gland." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, Wikipedia:Striated_duct] xref: FMA:60051 xref: NCIT:C33635 xref: UMLS:C1514993 @@ -163823,7 +163823,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca [Term] id: UBERON:0014784 name: transverse cloacal muscle -def: "a very prominent superficial muscle and with its almost transverse course it forms the boundary between the abdomen and the tail." [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] +def: "A very prominent superficial muscle and with its almost transverse course it forms the boundary between the abdomen and the tail." [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] synonym: "m. transversus cloacae" EXACT [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] synonym: "musculus transversus cloacae" EXACT [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ @@ -163832,7 +163832,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca [Term] id: UBERON:0014785 name: levator cloacae -def: "a long narrow muscle arising from the underside of feather bulge of the lateral rectrices, inserting near the midline of the cloacal tubercle - phallus." [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] +def: "A long narrow muscle arising from the underside of feather bulge of the lateral rectrices, inserting near the midline of the cloacal tubercle - phallus." [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] synonym: "m. retractor phalli caudalis" EXACT [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] synonym: "musculus levator cloacae" EXACT [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] synonym: "musculus retractor phalli caudalis" EXACT [DOI:10.1242/dev.01545] @@ -164855,7 +164855,7 @@ replaced_by: UBERON:0004040 [Term] id: UBERON:0014935 name: cerebral cortex marginal layer -def: "developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter, develops from the marginal layer of the neural tube and becomes cortical layer I." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0000792] +def: "Developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter, develops from the marginal layer of the neural tube and becomes cortical layer I." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, MP:0000792] synonym: "cerebral cortex marginal zone" RELATED [EMAPA:32713] synonym: "cortical marginal layer" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "cortical marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0000792] @@ -167324,7 +167324,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "MA distinguishes between foot pad and f [Term] id: UBERON:0015485 name: choledocho-duodenal junction -def: "hat part of the duodenal wall traversed by the ductus choledochus, ductus pancreaticus, and ampulla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/choledochoduodenal+junction] +def: "Hat part of the duodenal wall traversed by the ductus choledochus, ductus pancreaticus, and ampulla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/choledochoduodenal+junction] synonym: "choledochoduodenal junction" EXACT [MA:0003108] xref: EMAPA:37478 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0003108 @@ -168038,7 +168038,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Single (unpaired) lymph node in the lesser [Term] id: UBERON:0015865 name: pancreaticosplenic lymph node -def: "lymph nodes of the pancreatic tail and spleen, receiving afferents from both organs plus the greater curvature of the stomach; they drain to the celiac lymph nodes." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pancreaticosplenic+lymph+nodes] +def: "Lymph nodes of the pancreatic tail and spleen, receiving afferents from both organs plus the greater curvature of the stomach; they drain to the celiac lymph nodes." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pancreaticosplenic+lymph+nodes] synonym: "nodi lymphatici panoccidianuperiores" RELATED [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pancreaticosplenic+lymph+nodes] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei pancreaticolienales" RELATED [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pancreaticosplenic+lymph+nodes] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei pancreaticosplenales" RELATED [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pancreaticosplenic+lymph+nodes] @@ -168752,7 +168752,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034766 ! glabella region [Term] id: UBERON:0016442 name: median palatine suture -def: "the line of junction between the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that extends from both sides of the skull to form the posterior part of the hard palate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/median+palatine+suture] +def: "The line of junction between the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that extends from both sides of the skull to form the posterior part of the hard palate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/median+palatine+suture] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "median palatine suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52966] synonym: "middle palatine suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52966] @@ -168849,7 +168849,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm [Term] id: UBERON:0016459 name: posterior pole of lens -def: "the central point on the posterior surface of the lens." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70707] +def: "The central point on the posterior surface of the lens." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70707] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "polus posterior (lens)" EXACT [FMA:58898] synonym: "polus posterior lentis" EXACT LATIN [] @@ -169052,7 +169052,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0000051 {source="FMA"} ! fornix of vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0016490 name: auditory system -def: "is the sensory system for the sense of hearing." [NLXANAT:090817] +def: "Is the sensory system for the sense of hearing." [NLXANAT:090817] xref: EMAPA:36002 xref: FMA:7192 xref: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2888 @@ -169271,7 +169271,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0016513 name: cavity of left atrium -def: "luminal space of the left atrium of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Luminal space of the left atrium of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "left atrial cavity" EXACT [FMA:FMA] synonym: "left atrium lumen" EXACT [EMAPA:26011] xref: EMAPA:26011 @@ -169282,7 +169282,7 @@ intersection_of: luminal_space_of UBERON:0002079 ! left cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0016514 name: cavity of left ventricle -def: "luminal space of the left ventricle of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Luminal space of the left ventricle of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "left ventricular cavity" EXACT [FMA:FMA] xref: EMAPA:26038 xref: FMA:9466 @@ -169348,7 +169348,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0016522 name: cavity of right atrium -def: "luminal space of the right atrium of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Luminal space of the right atrium of the heart." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "right atrial cavity" EXACT [FMA:FMA] xref: EMAPA:26020 xref: FMA:11359 @@ -169619,7 +169619,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column [Term] id: UBERON:0016552 name: phlegm -def: "mucus produced in the respiratory tract." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Mucus produced in the respiratory tract." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] xref: NCIT:C93171 xref: UMLS:C0225378 intersection_of: UBERON:0000912 ! mucus @@ -170215,7 +170215,7 @@ replaced_by: UBERON:0002869 [Term] id: UBERON:0016850 name: nucleus of phrenic nerve -def: "neuron cell bodies located in the more medial portions of the anterior horn at cervical levels C3-C7 that innervate the diaphragm via the phrenic nerve." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nucleus+of+phrenic+nerve] +def: "Neuron cell bodies located in the more medial portions of the anterior horn at cervical levels C3-C7 that innervate the diaphragm via the phrenic nerve." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nucleus+of+phrenic+nerve] synonym: "nucleus nervi phrenici" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:2004] synonym: "nucleus of phrenic nerve" RELATED [NeuroNames:2004] synonym: "nucleus of the phrenic nerve" RELATED [NeuroNames:2004] @@ -171175,7 +171175,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7863 ! Holocephali [Term] id: UBERON:0017624 name: pseudoclasper -def: "one or more pairs of stiff ossified lobes or prongs found in the tip of the intromittent organ of Bythitoidei." [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] +def: "One or more pairs of stiff ossified lobes or prongs found in the tip of the intromittent organ of Bythitoidei." [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/complete%20dictionary.htm] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:181400 ! Bythitoidei relationship: part_of UBERON:0008811 ! intromittent organ @@ -171346,7 +171346,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0017643 name: external thoracic vein -def: "extension of the long thoracic vein that collects blood from the mammary glands." [ISBM13:978-0226870137] +def: "Extension of the long thoracic vein that collects blood from the mammary glands." [ISBM13:978-0226870137] synonym: "external mammary vein" RELATED [ISBM13:978-0226870137] xref: EMAPA:37145 {source="MA:th"} xref: MA:0002236 @@ -171490,7 +171490,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0017692 name: internal surface of cranial base -def: "internal (endosteal) surface of the base of skull." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Internal (endosteal) surface of the base of skull." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "basis cranii interna" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53128, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53128 @@ -172822,7 +172822,7 @@ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0018300 name: upper canine 1 -def: "first canine (counting anteroposteriorly) in the upper jaw." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "First canine (counting anteroposteriorly) in the upper jaw." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] synonym: "UC1" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "upper canine UC1" EXACT [] xref: UBERONTEMP:14c28c28-237e-435d-9883-8dff529e64cc @@ -172841,7 +172841,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0018302 name: upper molar 1 -def: "first molar (counting anteroposteriorly) in the upper jaw." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "First molar (counting anteroposteriorly) in the upper jaw." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:12acbe6c-9036-48e3-b1a0-1f2fdaa0241d is_a: UBERON:0003666 ! upper jaw molar intersection_of: UBERON:0018376 ! molar tooth 1 @@ -172870,7 +172870,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0018305 name: bicipital surface -def: "region of the humerus associated with the biceps attachment areas." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Region of the humerus associated with the biceps attachment areas." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:1aa93660-3c3d-4aff-94fa-93ea38c82df8 is_a: UBERON:0036215 ! anatomical surface region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus @@ -172878,7 +172878,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0018306 name: bulge -def: "expanded and swollen region of a surface that is otherwise relatively flat." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Expanded and swollen region of a surface that is otherwise relatively flat." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] subset: upper_level xref: UBERONTEMP:dfedeba6-f608-4adc-9e69-b1169f6b0fb3 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure @@ -172895,7 +172895,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Candidate for obsoletion" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018308 name: caudal melanophore spot -def: "distinct colored area on the caudal region of an organism, similar in shape to a spot, i.e. circular." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Distinct colored area on the caudal region of an organism, similar in shape to a spot, i.e. circular." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] synonym: "caudal spot" BROAD [] xref: UBERONTEMP:a8fd6c8c-5029-4740-8e0c-99856641de75 is_a: UBERON:2002283 ! melanophore spot @@ -172945,7 +172945,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0018314 name: choanal groove -def: "grooves on the palatine bone which denote the passage of the choana or internal naris." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] +def: "Grooves on the palatine bone which denote the passage of the choana or internal naris." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:40f3ccb2-6447-4d14-b3db-b1c4bb41464b is_a: UBERON:0006846 ! surface groove relationship: part_of UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone @@ -173012,7 +173012,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0018322 name: fourth phalanx -def: "fourth most proximal phalanx in manual or pedal digits." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "Fourth most proximal phalanx in manual or pedal digits." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] xref: UBERONTEMP:a8b5fbe4-0d00-4464-97ee-81ffd58a44f8 is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 ! Homo sapiens @@ -173093,7 +173093,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0018332 name: jugal bar -def: "elongate bar consisting of fused quadratojugal and jugal and connecting the maxilla to the quadrate." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Elongate bar consisting of fused quadratojugal and jugal and connecting the maxilla to the quadrate." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] synonym: "angulus tomialis" EXACT [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0026350] xref: UBERONTEMP:1f2675bb-5831-4804-9e83-de3be1eb2a73 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ @@ -173164,7 +173164,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule [Term] id: UBERON:0018340 name: midbody melanophore spot -def: "distinct colored area on the midbody region of an organism, similar in shape to a spot, i.e. circular." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] +def: "Distinct colored area on the midbody region of an organism, similar in shape to a spot, i.e. circular." [PHENOSCAPE:alex] synonym: "midbody spot" EXACT [] xref: UBERONTEMP:49c8535b-5a5e-42ca-8c77-945b254605f5 is_a: UBERON:2002283 ! melanophore spot @@ -173256,7 +173256,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:3000051 ! braincase and otic capsule opening [Term] id: UBERON:0018352 name: prismatic cartilage -def: "cartilage arranged into tesserae, blocks of calcified cartilage that fit together as tiles on a floor form a mosaic. Found only in chondrichthyans. Reference: A. Peter Klimley. 2013. The Biology of Sharks and Rays. University of Chicago Press." [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] +def: "Cartilage arranged into tesserae, blocks of calcified cartilage that fit together as tiles on a floor form a mosaic. Found only in chondrichthyans. Reference: A. Peter Klimley. 2013. The Biology of Sharks and Rays. University of Chicago Press." [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] synonym: "prismatic calcified tissue" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] xref: UBERONTEMP:10e29a7f-5845-4c48-9d85-1043712ad536 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -173376,7 +173376,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0018366 name: supratendinal bridge -def: "ossified bridge over a tendon; Particularly, the bridge over the extensor canal at the distal end of the tibiotarsus of certain birds. The presence of the bridge and the position of the canal opening relative to the condyles may have phylogenetic significance. Ericson (1997). http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossarySq.html." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Ossified bridge over a tendon; Particularly, the bridge over the extensor canal at the distal end of the tibiotarsus of certain birds. The presence of the bridge and the position of the canal opening relative to the condyles may have phylogenetic significance. Ericson (1997). http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossarySq.html." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:27dfdd96-d1ca-44b3-876b-390ed5d21c23 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone element @@ -173405,7 +173405,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "found in some birds" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0018369 name: upper lateral line -def: "dorsal sensory canal line in fish, dorsal to ventral lateral lane." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Dorsal sensory canal line in fish, dorsal to ventral lateral lane." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:2e283d18-0137-43ce-948f-1704f1d0a0a7 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: editor_note "consider merging with UBERON:0003095 ! dorsal lateral line" xsd:string @@ -173413,27 +173413,27 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider merging with UBERON:0003095 ! dorsal later [Term] id: UBERON:0018370 name: ventral lateral line -def: "ventral sensory canal line in fish, ventral to dorsal lateral lane." [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] +def: "Ventral sensory canal line in fish, ventral to dorsal lateral lane." [PHENOSCAPE:Wasila] xref: UBERONTEMP:61c755ec-848e-4262-89e4-be2267041e64 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line [Term] id: UBERON:0018371 name: ventral supracondylar tubercle -def: "tubercle on the distal humerus for the origin of the Lig. collaterale ventral of the elbow joint. Modified from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Tubercle on the distal humerus for the origin of the Lig. collaterale ventral of the elbow joint. Modified from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] xref: UBERONTEMP:227c8fa9-af2b-4301-9c95-641d39864df6 is_a: UBERON:4200177 ! supracondyle tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0018372 name: dorsal supracondylar tubercle -def: "tubercle on the dorsal border of the distal humerus, a short distance from the dorsal epicondyle, for the origin of the m extensor carpe radialis modifeid from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Tubercle on the dorsal border of the distal humerus, a short distance from the dorsal epicondyle, for the origin of the m extensor carpe radialis modifeid from Baumel et al. 1993." [PHENOSCAPE:Alex, PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] is_a: UBERON:4200177 ! supracondyle tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0018373 name: vidian canal -def: "canal for the vidian nerve." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] +def: "Canal for the vidian nerve." [PHENOSCAPE:Nizar] synonym: "canalis pterygoidei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_canal] synonym: "canalis pterygoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_canal] synonym: "pterygoid canal" EXACT [FMA:54756] @@ -173575,7 +173575,7 @@ intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0018393 name: low-pressure baroreceptor -def: "found in large systemic veins, in pulmonary vessels, and in the walls of the right atrium and ventricles of the heart (the atrial volume receptors)." [Wikipedia:Baroreceptor#Low-pressure_baroreceptors] +def: "Found in large systemic veins, in pulmonary vessels, and in the walls of the right atrium and ventricles of the heart (the atrial volume receptors)." [Wikipedia:Baroreceptor#Low-pressure_baroreceptors] is_a: UBERON:0004019 ! baroreceptor [Term] @@ -173835,7 +173835,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0018533 name: crus of penis or clitoris -def: "the continuation of each corpus cavernosum of the penis or clitoris, diverging posteriorly to be attached to the pubic arch." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The continuation of each corpus cavernosum of the penis or clitoris, diverging posteriorly to be attached to the pubic arch." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0006609 ! corpus cavernosum @@ -174644,7 +174644,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0018664 name: neck of bone element -def: "the neck region of a bone organ." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "The neck region of a bone organ." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "bone neck" EXACT [] synonym: "neck of bone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0005913 {notes="https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Hidden-GCIs"} ! zone of bone organ @@ -175022,7 +175022,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0019208 name: anterior pole of lens -def: "the central point on the anterior surface of the lens." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php] +def: "The central point on the anterior surface of the lens." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php] synonym: "polus anterior (lens)" EXACT [FMA:58897] synonym: "polus anterior lentis" EXACT LATIN [] xref: FMA:58897 @@ -175561,7 +175561,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005290 {source="HBA"} ! myelencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0019315 name: meibum -def: "an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film." [PMID:20664693] +def: "An oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film." [PMID:20664693] synonym: "tarsal gland secretion" RELATED [] intersection_of: UBERON:0001866 ! sebum intersection_of: produced_by UBERON:0001818 ! tarsal gland @@ -176217,7 +176217,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0022284 name: lacrimal gland bud -def: "the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation (Int Rev Cytol. 1996;168:1-80. Cell biology of the harderian gland)." [MGI:anna] +def: "The single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation (Int Rev Cytol. 1996;168:1-80. Cell biology of the harderian gland)." [MGI:anna] xref: EMAPA:35464 is_a: UBERON:0005153 ! epithelial bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 ! lacrimal apparatus @@ -176226,7 +176226,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "in mouse, the primary bud arises around E13.5 and e [Term] id: UBERON:0022285 name: strand of tylotrich hair -def: "a single large hair, surrounded by neurovascular tissue at the level of the sebaceous gland, with a hair follicle innervated by a hair-tylotrich neuron (CL:1001436), a rapidly acting mechanoreceptor." [CL:1001436, MP:0000977] +def: "A single large hair, surrounded by neurovascular tissue at the level of the sebaceous gland, with a hair follicle innervated by a hair-tylotrich neuron (CL:1001436), a rapidly acting mechanoreceptor." [CL:1001436, MP:0000977] xref: CL:1001436 is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair @@ -176855,7 +176855,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0022246 ! superior longitudinal fasciculus [Term] id: UBERON:0022421 name: pontocerebellar tract -def: "the second order neuron fibers of the corticopontocerebellar tracts that cross to the other side of the pons and run within the middle cerebellar peduncles, from the pons to the contralateral cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Pontocerebellar_fibers] +def: "The second order neuron fibers of the corticopontocerebellar tracts that cross to the other side of the pons and run within the middle cerebellar peduncles, from the pons to the contralateral cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Pontocerebellar_fibers] synonym: "fibrae pontocerebellaris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontocerebellar_fibers] synonym: "pncb" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DHBA:12769] synonym: "pontine crossing tract" EXACT [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] @@ -177875,7 +177875,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0023852 name: temporoparietal junction -def: "an area of the brain that locates at the interception of temporal and parietal cortices (at the posterior end of the Sylvian fissure)." [NLX:144255] +def: "An area of the brain that locates at the interception of temporal and parietal cortices (at the posterior end of the Sylvian fissure)." [NLX:144255] synonym: "temporoparietal junction" EXACT [NLX:144255] xref: NLX:144255 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain @@ -179050,7 +179050,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 {source="NIFSTD"} ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0025588 name: histaminergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to histamine." [NLXANAT:1005021] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to histamine." [NLXANAT:1005021] synonym: "histaminergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005021] xref: NLXANAT:1005021 intersection_of: UBERON:0023943 ! molecular system @@ -179059,7 +179059,7 @@ intersection_of: capable_of GO:0001692 ! histamine metabolic process [Term] id: UBERON:0025589 name: catecholamine system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to the catecholamines." [NLXANAT:1005022] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to the catecholamines." [NLXANAT:1005022] synonym: "catecholamine system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005022] synonym: "catecholaminergic system" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005022] xref: NLXANAT:1005022 @@ -179069,7 +179069,7 @@ intersection_of: capable_of GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process [Term] id: UBERON:0025591 name: gABAergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to GABA." [NLXANAT:1005024] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to GABA." [NLXANAT:1005024] synonym: "gabaergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005024] xref: NLXANAT:1005024 intersection_of: UBERON:0023943 ! molecular system @@ -179078,7 +179078,7 @@ intersection_of: capable_of GO:0009448 ! gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic proce [Term] id: UBERON:0025592 name: glutamatergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to glutamate (when in the role of a neurotransmitter)." [NLXANAT:1005025] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to glutamate (when in the role of a neurotransmitter)." [NLXANAT:1005025] synonym: "glutamatergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005025] xref: NLXANAT:1005025 intersection_of: UBERON:0023943 ! molecular system @@ -179087,7 +179087,7 @@ intersection_of: capable_of GO:0006536 ! glutamate metabolic process [Term] id: UBERON:0025593 name: serotonergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to serotonin." [NLXANAT:1005026] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to serotonin." [NLXANAT:1005026] synonym: "5-ht system" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005026] synonym: "5ht system" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005026] synonym: "serotonergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005026] @@ -179099,7 +179099,7 @@ intersection_of: capable_of GO:0042428 ! serotonin metabolic process [Term] id: UBERON:0025595 name: cholinergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to acetylcholine." [NLXANAT:1005028] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to acetylcholine." [NLXANAT:1005028] synonym: "acetylcholine system" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005028] synonym: "ach system" RELATED [NLXANAT:1005028] synonym: "cholinergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005028] @@ -179937,7 +179937,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0027221 name: adrenergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to epinephrine (also known as adrenaline)." [NLXANAT:1005023] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to epinephrine (also known as adrenaline)." [NLXANAT:1005023] synonym: "adrenergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005023] xref: NLXANAT:1005023 is_a: UBERON:0025589 {source="NIFSTD"} ! catecholamine system @@ -179945,7 +179945,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0025589 {source="NIFSTD"} ! catecholamine system [Term] id: UBERON:0027225 name: noradrenergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline)." [NLXANAT:1005027] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline)." [NLXANAT:1005027] synonym: "noradrenergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:1005027] xref: NLXANAT:1005027 is_a: UBERON:0025589 {source="NIFSTD"} ! catecholamine system @@ -179960,7 +179960,7 @@ consider: NLXANAT:1005029 [Term] id: UBERON:0027239 name: dopaminergic system -def: "any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to dopamine." [NLXANAT:100597] +def: "Any molecule, protein, cell, tissue or organ that is related to dopamine." [NLXANAT:100597] synonym: "dopaminergic system" EXACT [NLXANAT:100597] xref: BTO:0003954 xref: NLXANAT:100597 @@ -180336,7 +180336,7 @@ consider: BIRNLEX:2530 [Term] id: UBERON:0028194 name: spiral prominence of cochlear duct -def: "a projecting portion of the spiral ligament of the cochlea, bounding the lower edge of the stria vascularis and containing within it a blood vessel, the vas prominens." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/spiral+prominence+of+cochlear+duct] +def: "A projecting portion of the spiral ligament of the cochlea, bounding the lower edge of the stria vascularis and containing within it a blood vessel, the vas prominens." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/spiral+prominence+of+cochlear+duct] synonym: "prominentia spiralis ductus cochlearis" EXACT LATIN [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/spiral+prominence+of+cochlear+duct] synonym: "spiral prominence" BROAD [EMAPA:35799, MA:0003003] synonym: "spiral prominence of cochlea" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:2532] @@ -181482,7 +181482,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0014950 ! layer of developing cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0034712 name: yellow fibrocartilage -def: "fibrocartilage containing bundles of yellow elastic fibers but with little or no white fibrous tissue." [http://www.ufrgs.br/imunovet/molecular_immunology/muscles.html] +def: "Fibrocartilage containing bundles of yellow elastic fibers but with little or no white fibrous tissue." [http://www.ufrgs.br/imunovet/molecular_immunology/muscles.html] xref: SCTID:1456008 is_a: UBERON:0001995 {source="cjm"} ! fibrocartilage @@ -181958,7 +181958,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002257 ! ventral horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0034772 name: margin of eyelid -def: "the confluence of the mucosal surface of the conjunctiva, the edge of the orbicularis, and the cutaneous epithelium." [MGI:anna] +def: "The confluence of the mucosal surface of the conjunctiva, the edge of the orbicularis, and the cutaneous epithelium." [MGI:anna] synonym: "free margin of eyelid" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:37905 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:59356 @@ -182441,7 +182441,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 {source="EMAPA"} ! head id: UBERON:0034876 name: future neurohypophysis alt_id: EMAPA:16647 -def: "the outgrowth of neuroectoderm located on the floor of the embryonic hypothalamus that gives rise to the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland." [https://sourceforge.net/p/obo/mammalian-phenotype-requests/1930/, MP:0013339] +def: "The outgrowth of neuroectoderm located on the floor of the embryonic hypothalamus that gives rise to the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland." [https://sourceforge.net/p/obo/mammalian-phenotype-requests/1930/, MP:0013339] synonym: "neurohypohysial region" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004434] synonym: "neurohypophyseal bud" RELATED [MP:0013339] xref: EHDAA2:0004434 @@ -182454,7 +182454,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0034875 {source="EMAPA"} ! future pituitary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0034877 name: angioblastic cord -def: "the cordlike masses of splanchnic mesenchymal cells ventral to the primordial pericardial coelom that arrange themselves side by side to form the primordia of the endocardial heart tubes." [MP:0012500] +def: "The cordlike masses of splanchnic mesenchymal cells ventral to the primordial pericardial coelom that arrange themselves side by side to form the primordia of the endocardial heart tubes." [MP:0012500] synonym: "angiogenic cell cluster" EXACT [] xref: NCIT:C34106 xref: UMLS:C1515990 @@ -182466,7 +182466,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "day 18 [CS08] in human[https://embryology.med.unsw. [Term] id: UBERON:0034878 name: prechordal mesoderm -def: "the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate." [MGI:anna] +def: "The area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate." [MGI:anna] synonym: "prechordal mesenchyme" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure intersection_of: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0003063 ! prechordal plate @@ -182991,7 +182991,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit [Term] id: UBERON:0034943 name: saccus vasculosus -def: "a circumventricular organ of the hypothalamus of many jawed fishes, protruding from the caudal infundibular wall. It is a vascularized neuroepithelium that consists of coronet cells, cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons and supporting cells." [GOC:mr, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/662, PMID:23820554, PMID:4115676] +def: "A circumventricular organ of the hypothalamus of many jawed fishes, protruding from the caudal infundibular wall. It is a vascularized neuroepithelium that consists of coronet cells, cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons and supporting cells." [GOC:mr, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/662, PMID:23820554, PMID:4115676] is_a: UBERON:0005408 {source="GOC:mr"} ! circumventricular organ relationship: has_part CL:0010015 ! coronet cell relationship: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 ! Tetrapoda @@ -183180,7 +183180,7 @@ relationship: has_quality PATO:0002299 ! tubular [Term] id: UBERON:0034971 name: aortic body -def: "one of several small clusters of chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, and supporting cells located along the aortic arch." [Wikipedia:Aortic_body] +def: "One of several small clusters of chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, and supporting cells located along the aortic arch." [Wikipedia:Aortic_body] synonym: "aortic bodies" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Aortic_body] synonym: "aortic glands" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Aortic_body] synonym: "Zuckerkandl's body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_body] @@ -183819,7 +183819,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035076 name: parotid gland myoepithelium -def: "epithelium that consists of stellate-shaped contractile cells with long dendritic processes that surround the secretory acini and intercalated ducts of the parotid gland, usually found in the glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells; they display features of both smooth muscle and epithelium, such as numerous microfilaments with focal densities in the cytoplasmic processes, and desmosomes which attach them to the epithelial cells; their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells." [MGI:anna] +def: "Epithelium that consists of stellate-shaped contractile cells with long dendritic processes that surround the secretory acini and intercalated ducts of the parotid gland, usually found in the glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells; they display features of both smooth muscle and epithelium, such as numerous microfilaments with focal densities in the cytoplasmic processes, and desmosomes which attach them to the epithelial cells; their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells." [MGI:anna] xref: EMAPA:37934 {source="MA:th"} intersection_of: UBERON:0000420 ! myoepithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland @@ -184248,7 +184248,7 @@ relationship: intersects_midsagittal_plane_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0035120 name: fauces -def: "lateral walls of the oropharynx that are located medial to the palatoglossal folds." [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] +def: "Lateral walls of the oropharynx that are located medial to the palatoglossal folds." [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] xref: FMA:55019 xref: SCTID:361362001 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall @@ -184257,7 +184257,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0035122 name: interincisive suture -def: "median palatine suture of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones, and the median suture of the palatine bones." [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] +def: "Median palatine suture of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones, and the median suture of the palatine bones." [http://www.avdc.org/Nomenclature.pdf] synonym: "incisive suture" RELATED [FMA:75777] synonym: "midline of hard palate" RELATED [] xref: FMA:75777 @@ -184269,7 +184269,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0035123 name: palatomaxillary suture -def: "line of union, in the floor of the orbit, between the orbital process of the palatine bone and the orbital surface of the maxilla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatomaxillary+suture] +def: "Line of union, in the floor of the orbit, between the orbital process of the palatine bone and the orbital surface of the maxilla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatomaxillary+suture] synonym: "palatomaxillary suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52964] xref: FMA:52964 xref: Wikipedia:Palatomaxillary_suture @@ -184294,7 +184294,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone [Term] id: UBERON:0035126 name: transverse palatine suture -def: "the line of junction between the processes of the maxilla and the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that form the hard palate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transverse+palatine+suture] +def: "The line of junction between the processes of the maxilla and the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that form the hard palate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transverse+palatine+suture] synonym: "transverse palatine suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52971] xref: FMA:52971 intersection_of: UBERON:4200215 ! suture @@ -184409,7 +184409,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005299 ! prepuce of clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0035144 name: preputial space -def: "space between the prepuce and glans penis or clitoris." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Space between the prepuce and glans penis or clitoris." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "preputial cavity" EXACT [FMA:28606] xref: FMA:28606 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space @@ -185583,7 +185583,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver [Term] id: UBERON:0035445 name: urogenital diaphragm -def: "muscular components of the deep perineal pouch." [Wikipedia:Urogenital_diaphragm] +def: "Muscular components of the deep perineal pouch." [Wikipedia:Urogenital_diaphragm] xref: FMA:19734 xref: NCIT:C33810 xref: UMLS:C0230241 @@ -185766,7 +185766,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0035498 name: gastrophrenic ligament -def: "the portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrophrenic+ligament] +def: "The portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrophrenic+ligament] xref: FMA:16518 xref: NCIT:C32670 xref: SCTID:260725009 @@ -186499,7 +186499,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "while Louveau et al (DOI:10.1038/nature14432) s [Term] id: UBERON:0035609 name: outer root sheath companion layer -def: "the innermost layer of the outer root sheath." [http://www.keratin.com/aa/aa022.shtml#03] +def: "The innermost layer of the outer root sheath." [http://www.keratin.com/aa/aa022.shtml#03] xref: BTO:0003970 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005942 {source="BTO"} ! hair outer root sheath @@ -187238,7 +187238,7 @@ relationship: located_in UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0035825 name: left adrenal gland cortex -def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "The thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "cortex of left adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69089] synonym: "cortex of left suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69089] synonym: "left adrenal cortex" EXACT [FMA:69089] @@ -187250,7 +187250,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001234 ! left adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035826 name: left adrenal gland medulla -def: "the adrenal gland medulla that is in the left side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "The adrenal gland medulla that is in the left side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "left adrenal medulla" EXACT [FMA:69092] synonym: "medulla of left adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69092] synonym: "medulla of left suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69092] @@ -187262,7 +187262,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001234 ! left adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035827 name: right adrenal gland cortex -def: "the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "The thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "cortex of right adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69088] synonym: "cortex of right suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69088] synonym: "right adrenal cortex" EXACT [FMA:69088] @@ -187274,7 +187274,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001233 ! right adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0035828 name: right adrenal gland medulla -def: "the adrenal gland medulla that is in the right side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] +def: "The adrenal gland medulla that is in the right side of the abdomen." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1170] synonym: "medulla of right adrenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69091] synonym: "medulla of right suprarenal gland" EXACT [FMA:69091] synonym: "right adrenal medulla" EXACT [FMA:69091] @@ -187397,7 +187397,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0035838 name: esophagogastric junction mucosa -def: "mucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] +def: "Mucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] synonym: "gastro-esophageal junction mucosa" EXACT [EMAPA:27039] xref: EMAPA:27039 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa @@ -187406,7 +187406,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007650 ! esophagogastric junction [Term] id: UBERON:0035839 name: esophagogastric junction submucosa -def: "submucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] +def: "Submucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] synonym: "gastro-esophageal junction submucosa" EXACT [EMAPA:27041] xref: EMAPA:27041 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa @@ -187415,7 +187415,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007650 ! esophagogastric junction [Term] id: UBERON:0035840 name: esophagogastric junction muscularis mucosa -def: "muscularis mucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] +def: "Muscularis mucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] synonym: "gastro-esophageal junction muscularis mucosa" EXACT [EMAPA:27051] xref: EMAPA:27051 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa @@ -187424,7 +187424,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007650 ! esophagogastric junction [Term] id: UBERON:0035841 name: esophagogastric junction muscularis propria -def: "muscularis propria from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] +def: "Muscularis propria from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1182] synonym: "gastro-esophageal junction muscularis propria" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscular coat intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007650 ! esophagogastric junction @@ -187493,7 +187493,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0035849 ! orbital margin [Term] id: UBERON:0035849 name: orbital margin -def: "the mostly sharp edge of the orbital opening that is the peripheral border of the base of the pyramidal orbit." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52793] +def: "The mostly sharp edge of the orbital opening that is the peripheral border of the base of the pyramidal orbit." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52793] synonym: "margin of orbit" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52793] synonym: "margo orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52793] synonym: "orbital rim" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=52793] @@ -187619,7 +187619,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0035882 name: sphenomaxillary suture -def: "an inconstant suture between the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and the body of the maxilla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sphenomaxillary+suture] +def: "An inconstant suture between the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and the body of the maxilla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sphenomaxillary+suture] synonym: "sphenomaxillary suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52957] synonym: "sutura sphenomaxillaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:52957 @@ -188013,7 +188013,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0035933 {source="FMA"} ! paracentral lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0035935 name: Meyer's loop of optic radiation -def: "part of the optic radiation which sweeps back on itself into the temporal lobe, just lateral to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. ." [http://radiopaedia.org/articles/meyer-loop] +def: "Part of the optic radiation which sweeps back on itself into the temporal lobe, just lateral to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. ." [http://radiopaedia.org/articles/meyer-loop] synonym: "inferior optic radiation" EXACT [NeuroNames:1466] synonym: "Meyer's loop" EXACT [] synonym: "or-lp" RELATED ABBREVIATION [HBA:265505214] @@ -188064,7 +188064,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0019262 {source="HBA"} ! white matter of myelenceph [Term] id: UBERON:0035939 name: amiculum -def: "a dense surrounding coat of white fibers, as the sheath of the inferior olive and of the dentate nucleus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/amicula] +def: "A dense surrounding coat of white fibers, as the sheath of the inferior olive and of the dentate nucleus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/amicula] synonym: "amicula" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: FMA:83870 xref: RadLex:RID6708 @@ -188338,7 +188338,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0022230 {source="MBA"} ! retrohippocampal region [Term] id: UBERON:0035972 name: interanterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus -def: "a group of nerve cells that bridges the midline of the thalamus between the anterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus of the left and right sides. According to Crosby (1962), it is more developed and consistently present in rodents than in primates (adapted from Brain Info)." [NLX:144468] +def: "A group of nerve cells that bridges the midline of the thalamus between the anterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus of the left and right sides. According to Crosby (1962), it is more developed and consistently present in rodents than in primates (adapted from Brain Info)." [NLX:144468] synonym: "IAD" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MBA:1113] synonym: "interanterodorsal nucleus of thalamus" RELATED [NLX:144468] synonym: "interanterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus" RELATED [NeuroNames:1273] @@ -188411,7 +188411,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 {source="nlx-text-mined"} ! pontine reticul [Term] id: UBERON:0035977 name: bed nucleus of the accessory olfactory tract -def: "a group of cells near the surface of the brain between the supraoptic nucleus and the cortical amygdalar nucleus in the rat ( Swanson-1998 ) and the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ). It is one of five subdivisions of the medial amygdalar nucleus." [NeuroNames:1179] +def: "A group of cells near the surface of the brain between the supraoptic nucleus and the cortical amygdalar nucleus in the rat ( Swanson-1998 ) and the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ). It is one of five subdivisions of the medial amygdalar nucleus." [NeuroNames:1179] synonym: "accessory olfactory formation" RELATED [NeuroNames:1179] synonym: "BA" RELATED ABBREVIATION [MBA:292] synonym: "bed nucleus accessory olfactory tract (Scalia-Winans)" RELATED [NeuroNames:1179] @@ -188425,7 +188425,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002892 ! medial amygdaloid nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0035999 name: dopaminergic cell groups -def: "collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter dopamine ( Fuxe-1970 )." [NeuroNames:3138] +def: "Collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter dopamine ( Fuxe-1970 )." [NeuroNames:3138] synonym: "DA cell groups" RELATED [NeuroNames:3138] synonym: "dopaminergic cell groups" RELATED [NeuroNames:3138] synonym: "dopaminergic nuclei" RELATED [NeuroNames:3138] @@ -188791,7 +188791,7 @@ relationship: branching_part_of UBERON:0000375 {source="FMA"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0036144 name: incisive duct -def: "an infrequent rudimentary duct, or protrusion of the mucous membrane into the incisive canal, on either side of the anterior extremity of the nasal crest." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incisive+duct] +def: "An infrequent rudimentary duct, or protrusion of the mucous membrane into the incisive canal, on either side of the anterior extremity of the nasal crest." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incisive+duct] comment: Taxon notes notes: In domestic mammals the Ductus incisivus is considerably better developed than in man. It is not accommodated in a Canalis incisivus, as in man, but in the Fissura palatina[NOMINA ANATOMICA VETERINARIA (2005)] synonym: "ductus incisivus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:77282 @@ -188802,7 +188802,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "horses exhibit Flehmen response but do not have an [Term] id: UBERON:0036145 name: glymphatic system -def: "macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular tunnels, formed by astroglial cells, to promote efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system." [DOI:10.1007/s11064-015-1581-6, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1260, MGI:sbello] +def: "Macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular tunnels, formed by astroglial cells, to promote efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system." [DOI:10.1007/s11064-015-1581-6, https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/1260, MGI:sbello] xref: EMAPA:37872 {source="MA:th"} is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system @@ -188919,7 +188919,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "humans, rodents" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0036164 name: ambient gyrus -def: "a rostral part of the parahippocampal gyrus." [NeuroNames:2072] +def: "A rostral part of the parahippocampal gyrus." [NeuroNames:2072] synonym: "AG" RELATED ABBREVIATION [DHBA:12166] synonym: "ambiens gyrus" EXACT [DHBA:12166] synonym: "gyrus ambiens" EXACT LATIN [DHBA:12166] @@ -189180,7 +189180,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0036246 name: incudostapedial joint -def: "the small synovial joint connecting the inclus and the stapes, located between the lenticular process on the long crus of the incus and the head of the stapes." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incudostapedial+joint, https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2305] +def: "The small synovial joint connecting the inclus and the stapes, located between the lenticular process on the long crus of the incus and the head of the stapes." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incudostapedial+joint, https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2305] synonym: "articulatio incudostapedialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "incudostapedial articulation" EXACT [FMA:60065] xref: FMA:60065 @@ -189191,7 +189191,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0015017 ! incus endochondral element [Term] id: UBERON:0036247 name: incudomallear joint -def: "the saddle-shaped synovial joint connecting the incus and the malleus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incudomallear+joint, https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2305] +def: "The saddle-shaped synovial joint connecting the incus and the malleus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incudomallear+joint, https://github.com/obophenotype/mammalian-phenotype-ontology/issues/2305] synonym: "articulatio incudomallearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "incudomallear articulation" EXACT [FMA:60064] synonym: "incudomalleolar joint" EXACT [FMA:60064] @@ -189385,7 +189385,7 @@ intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0036270 name: epihyoideum -def: "an elastic ligament lying between the lateral pharyngeal muscles and the thyroglossus muscle." [PMCID:PMC1570911] +def: "An elastic ligament lying between the lateral pharyngeal muscles and the thyroglossus muscle." [PMCID:PMC1570911] is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:338153 ! Pantherinae @@ -189792,7 +189792,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus [Term] id: UBERON:0037144 name: wall of heart -def: "wall of organ which has as its parts the endocardium, myocardium , epicardium, and the cardiac septum, surrounded by the pericardial sac proper and is continuous with the walls of the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous trees." [FMA:7274] +def: "Wall of organ which has as its parts the endocardium, myocardium , epicardium, and the cardiac septum, surrounded by the pericardial sac proper and is continuous with the walls of the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous trees." [FMA:7274] synonym: "cardiac wall" EXACT [FMA:7274] xref: FMA:7274 is_a: UBERON:0000060 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical wall @@ -189861,7 +189861,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0037461 name: primary hair -def: "very thin, soft, usually unpigmented, downy hair that is sometimes found on the body of a fetal or new-born human." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanugo] +def: "Very thin, soft, usually unpigmented, downy hair that is sometimes found on the body of a fetal or new-born human." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanugo] comment: It is replaced by hair covering the same surfaces, which is called vellus hair. synonym: "downy hair" EXACT [FMA:70667] synonym: "lanugo" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] @@ -189871,7 +189871,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0037462 name: vellus hair -def: "short, thin, slight-colored, and barely noticeable hair that develops on most of a person's body during childhood." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellus_hair] +def: "Short, thin, slight-colored, and barely noticeable hair that develops on most of a person's body during childhood." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellus_hair] comment: Vellus hair is differentiated from the more visible terminal or androgenic hair, which develops only during and after puberty, usually to a greater extent on men than it does on women. synonym: "peach fuzz" RELATED [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellus_hair] xref: FMA:70668 @@ -189881,7 +189881,7 @@ disjoint_from: UBERON:0037463 ! terminal hair [Term] id: UBERON:0037463 name: terminal hair -def: "thick and long hair, as compared with vellus hair growing elsewhere." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_hair] +def: "Thick and long hair, as compared with vellus hair growing elsewhere." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_hair] xref: FMA:70669 is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair @@ -191345,7 +191345,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:1500006 name: paired fin radial bone -def: "paired fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Paired fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:1600006 ! paired fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:4300013 ! paired fin radial skeleton @@ -191416,7 +191416,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:2100508 ! pelvic fin radial element [Term] id: UBERON:1700006 name: paired fin radial cartilage -def: "paired fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Paired fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:1600006 ! paired fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -192483,7 +192483,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000268 name: anal fin proximal radial bone -def: "anal fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal radial of anal fin" EXACT [TAO:0000268] synonym: "proximal anal-fin radial" EXACT [TAO:0000268] xref: ZFA:0000268 @@ -192503,7 +192503,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000271 name: radial bone -def: "radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] comment: Radials may be cartilaginous or bony; always present at the base of fins; typically support lepidotrichia. synonym: "actinost" RELATED [TAO:0000271] synonym: "radials" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000271] @@ -193805,7 +193805,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000508 name: pelvic fin radial bone -def: "pelvic fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic actinost" EXACT [TAO:0000508] synonym: "pelvic radial" EXACT [TAO:0000508] xref: ZFA:0000508 @@ -194439,7 +194439,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000623 name: basipterygium bone -def: "basipterygium element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Basipterygium element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basipterygia" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000623] synonym: "basipterygium ischiatique" EXACT [PSPUB:0000145] synonym: "os pelvien" EXACT [PSPUB:0000164] @@ -194617,7 +194617,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000646 name: anal fin distal radial bone -def: "anal fin distal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin distal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal anal fin radial" EXACT [TAO:0000646] xref: ZFA:0000646 intersection_of: UBERON:2100646 ! anal fin distal radial element @@ -196747,7 +196747,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000936 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone -def: "dorsal fin distal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0000936 intersection_of: UBERON:2100936 ! dorsal fin distal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -196819,7 +196819,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2000947 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal radial of dorsal fin" EXACT [TAO:0000947] xref: ZFA:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:2100947 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element @@ -197728,7 +197728,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001062 name: presumptive mesencephalic artery -def: "precursor to mesencephalic artery." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "Precursor to mesencephalic artery." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] subset: efo_slim synonym: "PMsA" EXACT [TAO:0001062] synonym: "primitive mesencephalic artery" EXACT [ZFA:0001062] @@ -199501,7 +199501,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001415 name: pelvic fin distal radial bone 2 -def: "pelvic fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0001415 intersection_of: UBERON:2101415 ! pelvic fin distal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -199510,7 +199510,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201415 ! pelvic fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2001416 name: pelvic fin distal radial bone 3 -def: "pelvic fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0001416 intersection_of: UBERON:2101416 ! pelvic fin distal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -199519,7 +199519,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201416 ! pelvic fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2001417 name: pelvic fin distal radial bone 1 -def: "pelvic fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0001417 intersection_of: UBERON:2101417 ! pelvic fin distal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -200483,7 +200483,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001586 name: pectoral fin radial bone -def: "pectoral fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] comment: There are two paired series of pectoral radials, the proximal and the distal ones that may have variable shapes and sizes. synonym: "pectoral actinost" EXACT [TAO:0001586] xref: ZFA:0001586 @@ -200494,7 +200494,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201586 ! pectoral fin radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2001587 name: pectoral fin proximal radial bone -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Two to four flat or slightly rod-like proximal pectoral radials, bilaterally, can be found in teleosts. Pectoral proximal radials are commonly hour-glass or rectangular shaped. The presence of four pectoral proximal radials is interpreted as a synapomorphy of teleosts (Patterson 1977, Arratia 1999). synonym: "pectoral actinost" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0001587 @@ -200505,7 +200505,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201587 ! pectoral fin proximal radial cartil [Term] id: UBERON:2001588 name: pectoral fin distal radial bone -def: "pectoral fin distal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] comment: A variable number of pectoral distal radials may be present in each pectoral fin. They are commonly small elements, rod-like, round or square shaped. xref: ZFA:0001588 intersection_of: UBERON:2101588 ! pectoral fin distal radial element @@ -200669,7 +200669,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001613 name: dorsal fin middle radial bone -def: "dorsal fin middle radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin middle radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] comment: Synonym dorsal fin medial radial from Weitzman, 1962. synonym: "dorsal fin medial radial" EXACT [TAO:0001613] intersection_of: UBERON:2101613 ! dorsal fin middle radial element @@ -200679,7 +200679,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201613 ! dorsal fin middle radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2001614 name: anal fin middle radial bone -def: "anal fin middle radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin middle radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] comment: Synonym anal fin medial radial from Weitzman, 1962. synonym: "anal fin medial radial" EXACT [TAO:0001614] synonym: "medial anal-fin radial" EXACT [TAO:0001614] @@ -201070,7 +201070,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001671 name: anal fin radial bone -def: "anal fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0001646 intersection_of: UBERON:2101671 ! anal fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -201079,7 +201079,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201671 ! anal fin radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2001672 name: dorsal fin radial bone -def: "dorsal fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0001647 intersection_of: UBERON:2101672 ! dorsal fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -201237,7 +201237,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001689 name: pterygoquadrate cartilage -def: "pterygoquadrate cartilage - cartilage that is separate from and posterior to the palatine cartilage." [TAO:wd] +def: "Pterygoquadrate cartilage - cartilage that is separate from and posterior to the palatine cartilage." [TAO:wd] is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004752 ! palatoquadrate cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0011152 ! dorsal hyoid arch skeleton @@ -201247,7 +201247,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001690 name: anterior cartilage of palatine -def: "anterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the anterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults." [TAO:wd] +def: "Anterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the anterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults." [TAO:wd] is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:2001688 ! palatine cartilage property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -201256,7 +201256,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001691 name: posterior cartilage of palatine -def: "posterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the posterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults." [TAO:wd] +def: "Posterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the posterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults." [TAO:wd] is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:2001688 ! palatine cartilage property_value: provenance_notes "This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon" xsd:string @@ -202462,7 +202462,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001818 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 1 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005362 intersection_of: UBERON:2101818 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -202471,7 +202471,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2201818 ! dorsal fin proximal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2001819 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 2 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005363 intersection_of: UBERON:2101819 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -204379,7 +204379,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2002026 name: pectoral fin proximal radial bone 1 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first pectoral basal radial" EXACT [TAO:0002026] intersection_of: UBERON:2102026 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -204388,7 +204388,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202026 ! pectoral fin proximal radial cartil [Term] id: UBERON:2002027 name: pectoral fin proximal radial bone 2 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second pectoral basal radial" EXACT [TAO:0002027] intersection_of: UBERON:2102027 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -204397,7 +204397,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202027 ! pectoral fin proximal radial cartil [Term] id: UBERON:2002028 name: pectoral fin proximal radial bone 3 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third pectoral basal radial" EXACT [TAO:0002028] intersection_of: UBERON:2102028 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -204406,7 +204406,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202028 ! pectoral fin proximal radial cartil [Term] id: UBERON:2002029 name: pectoral fin proximal radial bone 4 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth pectoral basal radial" EXACT [TAO:0002029] intersection_of: UBERON:2102029 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 4 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -206108,7 +206108,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2002277 name: pectoral fin distal radial bone 1 -def: "pectoral fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2102277 ! pectoral fin distal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202277 ! pectoral fin distal radial cartilage 1 @@ -206116,7 +206116,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202277 ! pectoral fin distal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2002279 name: pectoral fin distal radial bone 2 -def: "pectoral fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2102279 ! pectoral fin distal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202279 ! pectoral fin distal radial cartilage 2 @@ -206124,7 +206124,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202279 ! pectoral fin distal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2002280 name: pectoral fin distal radial bone 3 -def: "pectoral fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2102280 ! pectoral fin distal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:2202280 ! pectoral fin distal radial cartilage 3 @@ -207559,7 +207559,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005225 name: median fin radial bone -def: "median fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Median fin radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "actinophore" EXACT [PSPUB:0000173] synonym: "actinoste" EXACT [PSPUB:0000163] synonym: "axonoste" EXACT [PSPUB:0000141] @@ -207571,7 +207571,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205225 ! median fin radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005226 name: median fin proximal radial bone -def: "median fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Median fin proximal radial element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basoste" EXACT [PSPUB:0000138] synonym: "ptrygiophore proximal" EXACT [PSPUB:0000164] intersection_of: UBERON:2105226 ! median fin proximal radial element @@ -208206,7 +208206,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005372 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 1 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005372 intersection_of: UBERON:2105372 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208215,7 +208215,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205372 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005373 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 2 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005373 intersection_of: UBERON:2105373 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208224,7 +208224,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205373 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005374 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 3 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005374 intersection_of: UBERON:2105374 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208233,7 +208233,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205374 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005375 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 4 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 4 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 4 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005375 intersection_of: UBERON:2105375 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 4 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208242,7 +208242,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205375 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005376 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 5 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 5 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 5 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005376 intersection_of: UBERON:2105376 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 5 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208251,7 +208251,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205376 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005377 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 6 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 6 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 6 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005377 intersection_of: UBERON:2105377 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 6 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208260,7 +208260,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205377 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005378 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 7 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 7 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 7 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005378 intersection_of: UBERON:2105378 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 7 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208269,7 +208269,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205378 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005379 name: dorsal fin distal radial bone 8 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 8 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 8 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005379 intersection_of: UBERON:2105379 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 8 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208278,7 +208278,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205379 ! dorsal fin distal radial cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:2005380 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 3 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005380 intersection_of: UBERON:2105380 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208287,7 +208287,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205380 ! dorsal fin proximal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2005381 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 4 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005381 intersection_of: UBERON:2105381 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 4 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208296,7 +208296,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205381 ! dorsal fin proximal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2005382 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 5 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 5 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 5 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005382 intersection_of: UBERON:2105382 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 5 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208305,7 +208305,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205382 ! dorsal fin proximal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2005383 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 6 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 6 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 6 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005383 intersection_of: UBERON:2105383 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 6 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208314,7 +208314,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205383 ! dorsal fin proximal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2005384 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 7 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 7 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 7 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005384 intersection_of: UBERON:2105384 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 7 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -208323,7 +208323,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:2205384 ! dorsal fin proximal radial cartilag [Term] id: UBERON:2005385 name: dorsal fin proximal radial bone 8 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 8 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 8 element that is composed of bone tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005385 intersection_of: UBERON:2105385 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 8 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue @@ -209148,7 +209148,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:2005371 ! dorsal fin pterygiophore 8 [Term] id: UBERON:2200268 name: anal fin proximal radial cartilage -def: "anal fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal radial of anal fin cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0000268] synonym: "proximal anal-fin radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0000268] intersection_of: UBERON:2100268 ! anal fin proximal radial element @@ -209157,7 +209157,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2200271 name: radial cartilage -def: "radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] comment: Radials may be cartilaginous or bony; always present at the base of fins; typically support lepidotrichia. synonym: "actinost" RELATED [TAO:0000271] intersection_of: UBERON:2100271 ! radial element @@ -209166,7 +209166,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2200508 name: obsolete pelvic fin radial cartilage -def: "pelvic fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic actinost" EXACT [TAO:0000508] synonym: "pelvic radial" EXACT [TAO:0000508] is_obsolete: true @@ -209174,7 +209174,7 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:2200623 name: obsolete basipterygium cartilage -def: "basipterygium element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Basipterygium element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basipterygia" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000623] synonym: "basiptrygium ischiatique" EXACT [PSPUB:0000145] synonym: "os pelvien" EXACT [PSPUB:0000164] @@ -209186,21 +209186,21 @@ is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:2200646 name: anal fin distal radial cartilage -def: "anal fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2100646 ! anal fin distal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2200936 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage -def: "dorsal fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2100936 ! dorsal fin distal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2200947 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal radial cartilage of dorsal fin" EXACT [TAO:0000947] intersection_of: UBERON:2100947 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209208,28 +209208,28 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201415 name: pelvic fin distal radial cartilage 2 -def: "pelvic fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101415 ! pelvic fin distal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201416 name: pelvic fin distal radial cartilage 3 -def: "pelvic fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101416 ! pelvic fin distal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201417 name: pelvic fin distal radial cartilage 1 -def: "pelvic fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pelvic fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101417 ! pelvic fin distal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201586 name: pectoral fin radial cartilage -def: "pectoral fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] comment: There are two paired series of pectoral radials, the proximal and the distal ones that may have variable shapes and sizes. intersection_of: UBERON:2101586 ! pectoral fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209237,7 +209237,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201587 name: pectoral fin proximal radial cartilage -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Two to four flat or slightly rod-like proximal pectoral radials, bilaterally, can be found in teleosts. Pectoral proximal radials are commonly hour-glass or rectangular shaped. The presence of four pectoral proximal radials is interpreted as a synapomorphy of teleosts (Patterson 1977, Arratia 1999). intersection_of: UBERON:2101587 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209245,7 +209245,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201588 name: pectoral fin distal radial cartilage -def: "pectoral fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] comment: A variable number of pectoral distal radials may be present in each pectoral fin. They are commonly small elements, rod-like, round or square shaped. intersection_of: UBERON:2101588 ! pectoral fin distal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209253,7 +209253,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201613 name: dorsal fin middle radial cartilage -def: "dorsal fin middle radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin middle radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] comment: Synonym dorsal fin medial radial from Weitzman, 1962. synonym: "dorsal fin medial radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0001613] intersection_of: UBERON:2101613 ! dorsal fin middle radial element @@ -209262,7 +209262,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201614 name: anal fin middle radial cartilage -def: "anal fin middle radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin middle radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] comment: Synonym anal fin medial radial from Weitzman, 1962. synonym: "anal fin medial radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0001614] synonym: "medial anal-fin radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0001614] @@ -209272,35 +209272,35 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201671 name: anal fin radial cartilage -def: "anal fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Anal fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101671 ! anal fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201672 name: dorsal fin radial cartilage -def: "dorsal fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101672 ! dorsal fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201818 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 1 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101818 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2201819 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 2 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2101819 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202026 name: pectoral fin proximal radial cartilage 1 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first pectoral basal radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0002026] intersection_of: UBERON:2102026 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209308,7 +209308,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202027 name: pectoral fin proximal radial cartilage 2 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second pectoral basal radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0002027] intersection_of: UBERON:2102027 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209316,7 +209316,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202028 name: pectoral fin proximal radial cartilage 3 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third pectoral basal radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0002028] intersection_of: UBERON:2102028 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209324,7 +209324,7 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202029 name: pectoral fin proximal radial cartilage 4 -def: "pectoral fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth pectoral basal radial cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0002029] intersection_of: UBERON:2102029 ! pectoral fin proximal radial element 4 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209332,35 +209332,35 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202277 name: pectoral fin distal radial cartilage 1 -def: "pectoral fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2102277 ! pectoral fin distal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202279 name: pectoral fin distal radial cartilage 2 -def: "pectoral fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2102279 ! pectoral fin distal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2202280 name: pectoral fin distal radial cartilage 3 -def: "pectoral fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "Pectoral fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2102280 ! pectoral fin distal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205225 name: median fin radial cartilage -def: "median fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Median fin radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105225 ! median fin radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205226 name: median fin proximal radial cartilage -def: "median fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Median fin proximal radial element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ptrygiophore proximal cartilage" EXACT [PSPUB:0000164] intersection_of: UBERON:2105226 ! median fin proximal radial element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -209368,98 +209368,98 @@ intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205372 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 1 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 1 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105372 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 1 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205373 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 2 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 2 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105373 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 2 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205374 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 3 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105374 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205375 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 4 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 4 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 4 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105375 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 4 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205376 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 5 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 5 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 5 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105376 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 5 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205377 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 6 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 6 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 6 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105377 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 6 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205378 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 7 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 7 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 7 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105378 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 7 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205379 name: dorsal fin distal radial cartilage 8 -def: "dorsal fin distal radial 8 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin distal radial 8 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105379 ! dorsal fin distal radial element 8 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205380 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 3 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 3 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105380 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 3 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205381 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 4 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 4 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105381 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 4 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205382 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 5 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 5 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 5 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105382 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 5 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205383 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 6 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 6 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 6 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105383 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 6 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205384 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 7 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 7 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 7 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105384 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 7 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:2205385 name: dorsal fin proximal radial cartilage 8 -def: "dorsal fin proximal radial 8 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] +def: "Dorsal fin proximal radial 8 element that is composed of cartilage tissue." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/251, OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:2105385 ! dorsal fin proximal radial element 8 intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -219164,7 +219164,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:4200184 name: ulnar tuberosity -def: "his roughened area of bone sits distomedially at the base of the coronoid process. It is the attachment site for the brachialis muscle. From http://www.anatomyexpert.com/." [PHENOSCAPE] +def: "His roughened area of bone sits distomedially at the base of the coronoid process. It is the attachment site for the brachialis muscle. From http://www.anatomyexpert.com/." [PHENOSCAPE] is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna From f795d9a2b97c500700fc51beb39d01dcea7d62c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nico Matentzoglu Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2021 20:39:43 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 4/5] Fixing 1669 Fixing #1669 --- src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo | 226 +++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 113 insertions(+), 113 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo index c3b4b9d7b4..894fd8d354 100644 --- a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo +++ b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo @@ -5112,7 +5112,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Gilbert fig11.32 has blastocyst has giving rise to [Term] id: UBERON:0000359 name: preputial gland -def: "A aired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located in the inguinal region adjacent to the penis and vagina, with pheromonal functions in male rodents; in males, the preputial gland empties into the preputial cavity and in females, the preputial (aka clitoral) gland duct empties into the clitoral fossa." [MP:0013329] +def: "An aired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located in the inguinal region adjacent to the penis and vagina, with pheromonal functions in male rodents; in males, the preputial gland empties into the preputial cavity and in females, the preputial (aka clitoral) gland duct empties into the clitoral fossa." [MP:0013329] subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim synonym: "clitoral/preputial gland" RELATED [MA:0003044] @@ -9942,7 +9942,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "During the embryonic development of birds and ma [Term] id: UBERON:0000989 name: penis -def: "A intromittent organ in certain biologically male organisms. In placental mammals, this also serves as the organ of urination." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005187, Wikipedia:Penis] +def: "An intromittent organ in certain biologically male organisms. In placental mammals, this also serves as the organ of urination." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0005187, Wikipedia:Penis] subset: efo_slim subset: organ_slim subset: pheno_slim @@ -12542,7 +12542,7 @@ property_value: external_ontology_notes "VSAO definition states it surrounds not [Term] id: UBERON:0001076 name: neural spine -def: "A extension of a neural arches dorsal to the neural canal[TAO,modified]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, TAO:0001336] +def: "An extension of a neural arches dorsal to the neural canal[TAO,modified]." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165, TAO:0001336] subset: pheno_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core @@ -30097,7 +30097,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001743 ! ligament of larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001731 name: cavity of pharynx -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a pharynx." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a pharynx." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavitas pharyngealis" RELATED LATIN [] synonym: "cavitas pharyngis" RELATED [BTO:0002097] synonym: "lumen of pharynx" EXACT [] @@ -42590,7 +42590,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "The inferior olive appears to be present in all [Term] id: UBERON:0002128 name: superior olivary complex -def: "A a collection of brainstem nuclei that functions in multiple aspects of hearing and is an important component of the ascending and descending auditory pathways of the auditory system." [ISBN:0-19-502694-2, Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] +def: "A collection of brainstem nuclei that functions in multiple aspects of hearing and is an important component of the ascending and descending auditory pathways of the auditory system." [ISBN:0-19-502694-2, Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus olivaris superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72247, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio olivaris superioris" RELATED LATIN [NeuroNames:569] @@ -71736,7 +71736,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! embryonic footplate [Term] id: UBERON:0003374 name: chorionic ectoderm -def: "A extraembryonic structure that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a chorion." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An extraembryonic structure that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a chorion." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorion ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorion epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "chorionic epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0005145] @@ -78727,7 +78727,7 @@ relationship: has_part PR:000007636 {source="PMID:21293377"} ! forkhead box prot [Term] id: UBERON:0003847 name: thyroid artery -def: "A artery that supplies a thyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An artery that supplies a thyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010490 xref: EHDAA2:0002029 xref: EHDAA:7372 @@ -102074,7 +102074,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "All metazoans (with degenerate exceptions) have id: UBERON:0005410 name: cartilaginous otic capsule alt_id: UBERON:0010351 -def: "A otic capsule endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An otic capsule endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "auditory capsule" EXACT [ZFA:0001500] synonym: "otic capsule cartilage element" EXACT [] @@ -105581,7 +105581,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum [Term] id: UBERON:0005687 name: orbitosphenoid cartilage element -def: "A orbitosphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An orbitosphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoid lesser wing cartilage element" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001329] xref: EHDAA2:0001329 xref: EHDAA:9554 @@ -106387,7 +106387,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "In mammals the lowly monotremes still have a clo [Term] id: UBERON:0005764 name: acellular membrane -def: "A acellular anatomical structure that is the bounding layer of a anatomical structure." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An acellular anatomical structure that is the bounding layer of a anatomical structure." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:63871 intersection_of: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure intersection_of: bounding_layer_of UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure @@ -111082,7 +111082,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "consider obsoleting, the ethmoid is endochondral?" [Term] id: UBERON:0006228 name: exoccipital pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A exoccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An exoccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000457 xref: EHDAA:8355 @@ -111356,7 +111356,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! upper arm mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0006247 name: iliac pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A iliac endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An iliac endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000809 xref: EHDAA:9568 @@ -111371,7 +111371,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006248 name: incus pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A incus endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incus endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000813 xref: EHDAA:9024 @@ -111455,7 +111455,7 @@ property_value: homology_notes "(...) an essentially similar sequence of events [Term] id: UBERON:0006254 name: ischial cartilage element -def: "A ischial endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An ischial endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "ischial cartilage condensation" RELATED [EMAPA:26930] xref: EHDAA2:0000890 @@ -111470,7 +111470,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006255 name: ischial pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A ischial endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An ischial endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000891 xref: EHDAA:7153 @@ -121230,7 +121230,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007260 name: intervertebral disk of third cervical vertebra -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 3 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 4." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 3 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 4." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "C3 intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:13896] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C3-C4" EXACT [FMA:13896] xref: EMAPA:19422 @@ -121243,7 +121243,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004613 ! mammalian cervical vertebra 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0007261 name: intervertebral disk of fourth cervical vertebra -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 4 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 5." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 4 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 5." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disc of fourth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13897] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C4-C5" EXACT [FMA:13897] xref: EMAPA:19425 @@ -121257,7 +121257,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004614 ! mammalian cervical vertebra 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0007262 name: intervertebral disk of fifth cervical vertebra -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 5 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 6." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 5 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 6." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disc of fifth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13898] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C5-C6" EXACT [FMA:13898] xref: EMAPA:19428 @@ -121271,7 +121271,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004615 ! mammalian cervical vertebra 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0007263 name: intervertebral disk of sixth cervical vertebra -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 6 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 7." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 6 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 7." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C6-C7" EXACT [FMA:13899] xref: EMAPA:19460 xref: FMA:13899 @@ -121283,7 +121283,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004616 ! mammalian cervical vertebra 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0007264 name: intervertebral disk of seventh cervical vertebra -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a thoracic vertebra and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 7." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a thoracic vertebra and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 7." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C7-T1" EXACT [FMA:13900] xref: EMAPA:19463 xref: FMA:13900 @@ -121295,7 +121295,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004616 ! mammalian cervical vertebra 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0007265 name: intervertebral disk of axis -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a vertebral bone 2 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 3." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a vertebral bone 2 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 3." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "C2 disk" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "C2 intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "intervertebral disc of cervical vertebra 2" EXACT [FMA:25058] @@ -121314,7 +121314,7 @@ intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004612 ! mammalian cervical vertebra 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0007266 name: intervertebral disk of atlas -def: "A intervertebral disk that connects a vertebral bone 1 and connects a vertebral bone 2." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intervertebral disk that connects a vertebral bone 1 and connects a vertebral bone 2." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "C1 disk" EXACT [] synonym: "C1 intervertebral disk" EXACT [] synonym: "first cervical intervertebral disk" EXACT [] @@ -122321,7 +122321,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "check inferior/ventral" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0007374 name: incus cartilage element -def: "A incus endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incus endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18228 intersection_of: UBERON:0015017 ! incus endochondral element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue @@ -125371,7 +125371,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 ! Vertebrata [Term] id: UBERON:0008115 name: surface of cartilage -def: "A anatomical surface that is part of a cartilage element." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical surface that is part of a cartilage element." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage surface" EXACT [FMA:76668] xref: FMA:76668 intersection_of: UBERON:0036215 ! anatomical surface region @@ -131232,7 +131232,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/S [Term] id: UBERON:0009075 name: membrana tympaniformis -def: "A anatomical wall that is part of a syrinx organ." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a syrinx organ." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "syrinx organ wall" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of syrinx" EXACT [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)] intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall @@ -133544,7 +133544,7 @@ disjoint_from: UBERON:0010070 ! intermediate layer of tympanic membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0009648 name: eyelid subcutaneous connective tissue -def: "A eyelid connective tissue that is part of a hypodermis." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An eyelid connective tissue that is part of a hypodermis." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superficial fascia of eyelid" RELATED [FMA:63975] xref: EMAPA:37533 {source="MA:th"} xref: FMA:63975 @@ -133958,7 +133958,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001532 {source="EHDAA2"} ! internal carotid [Term] id: UBERON:0009692 name: lumen of pharyngotympanic tube -def: "A organ cavity that is part of a pharyngotympanic tube." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An organ cavity that is part of a pharyngotympanic tube." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auditory tube lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004118] synonym: "lumen of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60079] synonym: "lumen of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60079] @@ -133976,7 +133976,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "Check relationships for conformance with AAO and XA [Term] id: UBERON:0009695 name: epithelium of laryngopharynx -def: "A epithelium that is part of a hypopharynx." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a hypopharynx." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [FMA:62454] synonym: "laryngopharynx epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62454] xref: EHDAA2:0004575 @@ -133990,7 +133990,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! digestive tract epithel [Term] id: UBERON:0009697 name: epithelium of appendix -def: "A epithelium that is part of a vermiform appendix." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a vermiform appendix." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendix epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63581] synonym: "epithelium of vermiform appendix" EXACT [FMA:63581] xref: CALOHA:TS-2062 @@ -134469,7 +134469,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "the left duct atrophies at metamorphosis in the lam [Term] id: UBERON:0009771 name: left anterior cardinal vein -def: "A anterior cardinal vein that is in_the_left_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anterior cardinal vein that is in_the_left_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left precardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70313] synonym: "precardinal vein left" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000127] xref: EHDAA2:0000127 @@ -134482,7 +134482,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0009772 name: right anterior cardinal vein -def: "A anterior cardinal vein that is in_the_right_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anterior cardinal vein that is in_the_right_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "precardinal vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004537] synonym: "right precardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70312] xref: EHDAA2:0004537 @@ -135640,7 +135640,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7737 {source="Wikipedia"} ! Branchiostoma [Term] id: UBERON:0009958 name: bladder lumen -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a urinary bladder." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a urinary bladder." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder cavity" EXACT [FMA:15924] synonym: "cavity of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15924] synonym: "lumen of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15924] @@ -135657,7 +135657,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 {source="FMA"} ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0009959 name: lumen of oropharynx -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a oropharynx." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a oropharynx." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharyngeal cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004556] synonym: "oropharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55095] xref: EHDAA2:0004556 @@ -139519,7 +139519,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010343 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 2nd arch mesenchy [Term] id: UBERON:0010349 name: otic capsule pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A otic capsule endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An otic capsule endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "otic capsule anlage" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000833 intersection_of: UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule @@ -139876,7 +139876,7 @@ relationship: contributes_to_morphology_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous syst [Term] id: UBERON:0010384 name: lumen of laryngopharynx -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a hypopharynx." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a hypopharynx." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngopharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55096] xref: FMA:55096 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space @@ -141993,7 +141993,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired [Term] id: UBERON:0010714 name: iliac cartilage element -def: "A iliac endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An iliac endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iliac cartilage condensation" RELATED [EMAPA:18347] xref: EHDAA2:0000808 xref: EMAPA:18347 @@ -142141,7 +142141,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture [Term] id: UBERON:0010728 name: sphenoid lesser wing pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A orbitosphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An orbitosphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0003449 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: UBERON:0015059 ! orbitosphenoid endochondral element @@ -142152,7 +142152,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009191 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sphenoid bone pre-carti [Term] id: UBERON:0010732 name: alisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation -def: "A alisphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An alisphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoid greater wing pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003448] xref: EHDAA2:0003448 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation @@ -142165,7 +142165,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009191 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sphenoid bone pre-carti [Term] id: UBERON:0010733 name: alisphenoid cartilage element -def: "A alisphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An alisphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alisphenoid cartilage" RELATED [] synonym: "sphenoid greater wing cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003450] xref: EHDAA2:0003450 @@ -142431,7 +142431,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="EHDAA2", source="PMID:11523816"} ! [Term] id: UBERON:0010752 name: exoccipital cartilage element -def: "A exoccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An exoccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18339 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: UBERON:0015051 ! exoccipital endochondral element @@ -143896,7 +143896,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervica [Term] id: UBERON:0010994 name: coronoid process of ulna -def: "A a triangular eminence projecting forward from the proximal epiphysis of the ulna[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] +def: "A triangular eminence projecting forward from the proximal epiphysis of the ulna[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "coronoid process" BROAD [FMA:23616] synonym: "coronoid process of the ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "processus coronoideus" EXACT [FMA:23616] @@ -146900,7 +146900,7 @@ intersection_of: has_potential_to_develop_into UBERON:0001575 ! extrinsic muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011342 name: surface of mandible -def: "A anatomical surface that is part of a mandible." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical surface that is part of a mandible." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mandibular surface" EXACT [FMA:57558] xref: FMA:57558 intersection_of: UBERON:0036215 ! anatomical surface region @@ -150053,7 +150053,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000123 ! endoneurium [Term] id: UBERON:0011894 name: lumen of vagina -def: "A organ cavity that is part of a vagina." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An organ cavity that is part of a vagina." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vaginal lumen" EXACT [FMA:19982] synonym: "vaginal lumen" EXACT [] xref: FMA:19982 @@ -152417,7 +152417,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The 'glandular' or columnar epithelium of the c [Term] id: UBERON:0012251 name: ectocervical epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a ectocervix." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a ectocervix." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "exocervical epithelium" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:361376000 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -152783,7 +152783,7 @@ property_value: depicted_by Oocyte:Poles.jpg xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0012287 name: Rathkes pouch epithelium -def: "A epithelial sac that is part of a Rathke's pouch." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelial sac that is part of a Rathke's pouch." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001473 xref: EMAPA:25036 intersection_of: UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac @@ -153494,7 +153494,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0012351 name: urachal lumen -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a urachus." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a urachus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urachus lumen" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: luminal_space_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus @@ -153639,7 +153639,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0012363 name: thyroid follicle epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a thyroid follicle." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a thyroid follicle." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of thyroid follicle" EXACT [FMA:68783] synonym: "thryoid epithelium" BROAD [] synonym: "thyroid follicle epithelium" EXACT [FMA:68783] @@ -154030,7 +154030,7 @@ relationship: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="DOI:10.1177/0192623311409 [Term] id: UBERON:0012437 name: epithelial-mesenchymal boundary -def: "A anatomical line that adjacent_to a epithelium and adjacent_to a mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical line that adjacent_to a epithelium and adjacent_to a mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme @@ -154055,7 +154055,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit [Term] id: UBERON:0012441 name: endothelium of peritubular capillary -def: "A endothelium that is part of a peritubular capillary." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An endothelium that is part of a peritubular capillary." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "peritubular capillary endothelium" EXACT [] synonym: "peritubular endothelium" BROAD [] intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium @@ -154260,7 +154260,7 @@ property_value: taxon_notes "For most birds this is where the phallus is located [Term] id: UBERON:0012463 name: cloacal lumen -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a cloaca." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a cloaca." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cloaca lumen" EXACT [ZFA:0000330] synonym: "cloacal chamber" EXACT [ZFA:0000330] xref: TAO:0000330 @@ -154284,7 +154284,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca [Term] id: UBERON:0012465 name: lumen of terminal part of digestive tract -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a terminal part of digestive tract." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a terminal part of digestive tract." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: luminal_space_of UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract @@ -154674,7 +154674,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001201 {source="FMA"} ! serosa of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0012504 name: adventitia of esophagus -def: "A adventitia that is part of a esophagus." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An adventitia that is part of a esophagus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adventitia of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:63006] synonym: "adventitious layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63006] synonym: "esophageal adventitia" EXACT [FMA:63006] @@ -154796,7 +154796,7 @@ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0012650 name: gastroduodenal junction -def: "A anatomical junction that connects a stomach and connects a duodenum." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical junction that connects a stomach and connects a duodenum." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17046 xref: SCTID:264014000 intersection_of: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction @@ -156357,7 +156357,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0013247 name: male paramesonephric duct -def: "A epithelial tube that develops from a Mullerian duct in a male. Later degenerates." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] +def: "An epithelial tube that develops from a Mullerian duct in a male. Later degenerates." [http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] synonym: "degenerating mesonephric portion of male paramesonephric duct" RELATED [EMAPA:29161] xref: EHDAA2:0001052 xref: EMAPA:29161 @@ -157394,7 +157394,7 @@ property_value: external_definition "Organ cavity which is bound by the internal [Term] id: UBERON:0013526 name: otocyst lumen -def: "A anatomical cavity that is part of a ear vesicle." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a ear vesicle." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lumen of otocyst" EXACT [EMAPA:25363] xref: EHDAA2:0004121 xref: EMAPA:25363 @@ -158352,7 +158352,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0013622 name: manual autopod pad -def: "A autopod pad that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An autopod pad that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot pad of manus" RELATED [] synonym: "manual foot pad" RELATED [] intersection_of: UBERON:0012348 ! autopod pad @@ -158361,7 +158361,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0013623 name: pedal autopod pad -def: "A autopod pad that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An autopod pad that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot pad of pes" RELATED [] synonym: "pedal foot pad" RELATED [] intersection_of: UBERON:0012348 ! autopod pad @@ -158457,7 +158457,7 @@ property_value: structure_notes "The m. sphincter in the head region can be divi [Term] id: UBERON:0013636 name: epithelium of intestinal villus -def: "A epithelium that is part of a intestinal villus." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a intestinal villus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinal villus epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63587] synonym: "villous epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "villus epithelium" RELATED [] @@ -158678,7 +158678,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! roof of mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0013659 name: spongiose tissue of corpus cavernosum maxillaris -def: "A erectile tissue that is part of a corpus cavernosum maxillaris." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An erectile tissue that is part of a corpus cavernosum maxillaris." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0008324 ! erectile tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0013658 ! corpus cavernosum maxillaris @@ -158771,7 +158771,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0013679 name: inner canthus of right eye -def: "A inner canthus that is part of a right eye." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An inner canthus that is part of a right eye." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial angle of right eye" RELATED [FMA:59319] synonym: "medial canthus of right eye" RELATED [FMA:59319] synonym: "right inner canthus" EXACT [] @@ -158784,7 +158784,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004549 ! right eye [Term] id: UBERON:0013680 name: inner canthus of left eye -def: "A inner canthus that is part of a left eye." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An inner canthus that is part of a left eye." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left inner canthus" EXACT [] synonym: "left medial canthus" EXACT [] synonym: "left medial palpebral commissure" EXACT [FMA:59320] @@ -159537,7 +159537,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0013754 name: integumentary system layer -def: "A organ component layer that is part of a integumental system." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An organ component layer that is part of a integumental system." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "layer of skin" NARROW [] synonym: "skin layer" NARROW [] @@ -159725,7 +159725,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0013769 name: uterine lumen -def: "A organ cavity that is part of a uterus." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An organ cavity that is part of a uterus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of uterus" EXACT [FMA:17745] synonym: "uterine cavity" EXACT [FMA:17745] synonym: "uterine cavity" EXACT [] @@ -160273,7 +160273,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "this class may be merged with 'respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0014399 name: sinusoidal space -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a sinusoid." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a sinusoid." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lumen of sinusoid" EXACT [FMA:63133] synonym: "sinusoid lumen" EXACT [FMA:63133] xref: FMA:63133 @@ -163095,7 +163095,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0016887 ! entire extraembryonic component [Term] id: UBERON:0014702 name: frontonasal process epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a frontonasal prominence." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a frontonasal prominence." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004108 xref: EMAPA:32918 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium @@ -163116,7 +163116,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0014704 name: pleuroperitoneal canal lumen -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a pleuroperitoneal canal." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a pleuroperitoneal canal." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pleuro-peritoneal canal cavity" EXACT [EMAPA:25034] xref: EHDAA2:0004736 xref: EMAPA:25034 @@ -163127,7 +163127,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002323 {source="EHDAA2"} ! coelemic cavity l [Term] id: UBERON:0014705 name: median lingual swelling epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a median lingual swelling." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a median lingual swelling." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tuberculum impar epitheilium" RELATED [EMAPA:17188] xref: EHDAA2:0001085 xref: EMAPA:17188 @@ -163185,7 +163185,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0014710 ! carapacial ridge [Term] id: UBERON:0014712 name: carapacial ridge ectoderm -def: "A epithelium that is part of a carapacial ridge." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a carapacial ridge." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0014710 ! carapacial ridge relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="cjm"} ! external ectoderm @@ -163244,7 +163244,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0014719 ! intralobular duct [Term] id: UBERON:0014726 name: intercalated duct of pancreas -def: "A intercalated duct that is part of a pancreas." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An intercalated duct that is part of a pancreas." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus intercalatus (pancreas)" EXACT [FMA:16013] synonym: "pancreatic ductule" EXACT [FMA:16013] xref: FMA:16013 @@ -163854,7 +163854,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0014699 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic venous s [Term] id: UBERON:0014787 name: left extraembryonic umbilical vein -def: "A extraembryonic umbilical vein that is in_the_left_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An extraembryonic umbilical vein that is in_the_left_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "extraembryonic umbilical vein left" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000938] xref: EHDAA2:0000938 intersection_of: UBERON:0014786 ! extraembryonic umbilical vein @@ -163864,7 +163864,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0014788 name: right extraembryonic umbilical vein -def: "A extraembryonic umbilical vein that is in_the_right_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An extraembryonic umbilical vein that is in_the_right_side_of a multicellular organism." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "extraembryonic umbilical vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001722] xref: EHDAA2:0001722 intersection_of: UBERON:0014786 ! extraembryonic umbilical vein @@ -165086,7 +165086,7 @@ union_of: UBERON:0010055 ! stapes cartilage element [Term] id: UBERON:0015017 name: incus endochondral element -def: "A incus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] +def: "An incus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "incus element" EXACT [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "incus skeletal element" BROAD [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] is_a: UBERON:0035130 ! auditory ossicle endochondral element @@ -165529,7 +165529,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0015051 name: exoccipital endochondral element -def: "A exoccipital bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] +def: "An exoccipital bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "exoccipital element" EXACT [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "exoccipital skeletal element" BROAD [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element @@ -165569,7 +165569,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0015054 name: iliac endochondral element -def: "A iliac bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] +def: "An iliac bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "iliac element" EXACT [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "iliac skeletal element" BROAD [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element @@ -165593,7 +165593,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0015056 name: ischial endochondral element -def: "A ischial bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] +def: "An ischial bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "ischial element" EXACT [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "ischial skeletal element" BROAD [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element @@ -165617,7 +165617,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0015058 name: alisphenoid endochondral element -def: "A alisphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] +def: "An alisphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "alisphenoid element" EXACT [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "alisphenoid skeletal element" BROAD [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element @@ -165629,7 +165629,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0015059 name: orbitosphenoid endochondral element -def: "A orbitosphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] +def: "An orbitosphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor." [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "orbitosphenoid element" EXACT [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] synonym: "orbitosphenoid skeletal element" BROAD [https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern] is_a: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element @@ -165676,7 +165676,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 {source="AEO"} ! skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0015063 name: autopod endochondral element -def: "A endochondral element that is part of a autopod region." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An endochondral element that is part of a autopod region." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0010363 ! endochondral element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Skeleton-partonomy-Design-Pattern @@ -165685,7 +165685,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 {source="cjm"} ! autopodial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0015064 name: autopod cartilage -def: "A autopod endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An autopod endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0015063 ! autopod endochondral element intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Skeleton-partonomy-Design-Pattern @@ -166082,7 +166082,7 @@ relationship: only_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6199 ! Cestoda [Term] id: UBERON:0015120 name: right outer canthus -def: "A outer canthus that is in_the_right_side_of a head." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An outer canthus that is in_the_right_side_of a head." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral angle of right eye" RELATED [FMA:59317] synonym: "lateral canthus of right eye" RELATED [FMA:59317] synonym: "right angle of eye" EXACT [] @@ -166096,7 +166096,7 @@ property_value: implements_design_pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon [Term] id: UBERON:0015121 name: left outer canthus -def: "A outer canthus that is in_the_left_side_of a head." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An outer canthus that is in_the_left_side_of a head." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral angle of left eye" RELATED [FMA:59318] synonym: "lateral canthus of left eye" RELATED [FMA:59318] synonym: "left angle of eye" EXACT [] @@ -166377,7 +166377,7 @@ property_value: curator_notes "The class name or definition should not be taken [Term] id: UBERON:0015155 name: conjunctival space -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a conjunctiva." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a conjunctiva." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of conjunctival sac" EXACT [FMA:59083] synonym: "conjunctival sac cavity" EXACT [FMA:59083] synonym: "subbrillar space" NARROW [NCBITaxon:8570, PMID:7559104] @@ -166782,7 +166782,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0015216 ! nasal meatus [Term] id: UBERON:0015224 name: interventricular foramen intermedium -def: "A anatomical conduit that is part of a ventricular septum intermedium." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical conduit that is part of a ventricular septum intermedium." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interventricular ostium intermedium" EXACT LATIN [] intersection_of: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004153 ! ventricular septum intermedium @@ -166790,7 +166790,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004153 ! ventricular septum intermedium [Term] id: UBERON:0015225 name: atrial foramen intermedium -def: "A anatomical conduit that is part of a atrial septum intermedium." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical conduit that is part of a atrial septum intermedium." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interatrial ostium intermedium" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "ostium intermedium" RELATED [] intersection_of: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit @@ -167477,7 +167477,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002336 ! corpus callosum [Term] id: UBERON:0015716 name: anal canal epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a anal canal." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a anal canal." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:17511] synonym: "epithelium of anal canal" EXACT [FMA:17511] xref: EMAPA:18835 @@ -167532,7 +167532,7 @@ is_a: UBERON:0007845 {source="FMA"} ! regular connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0015766 name: epithelium of duct of salivary gland -def: "A epithelium that is part of a duct of salivary gland." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a duct of salivary gland." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of salivary duct" EXACT [FMA:67682] synonym: "salivary duct epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67682] synonym: "salivary ductal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67682] @@ -167571,7 +167571,7 @@ relationship: located_in UBERON:0005386 ! olfactory segment of nasal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0015785 name: acinus of olfactory gland -def: "A acinus that is part of a olfactory gland." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An acinus that is part of a olfactory gland." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "acinar part of olfactory gland" EXACT [] synonym: "olfactory gland acinus" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! glandular acinus @@ -167677,7 +167677,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002665 {source="FMA"} ! supracallosal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0015794 name: left lung lobar bronchus epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of left lung." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of left lung." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17658 xref: MA:0003135 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167686,7 +167686,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003405 ! lobar bronchus of left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0015795 name: right lung lobar bronchus epitheium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of right lung." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of right lung." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17666 xref: MA:0003136 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167726,7 +167726,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002665 ! supracallosal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0015807 name: ear epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a ear." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a ear." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:32800 xref: MA:0003161 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167735,7 +167735,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear [Term] id: UBERON:0015808 name: eye epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a camera-type eye." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a camera-type eye." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:35957 xref: MA:0003162 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167744,7 +167744,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0015813 name: middle ear epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a middle ear." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a middle ear." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:35673 xref: MA:0003169 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167753,7 +167753,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0015814 name: outer ear epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a external ear." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a external ear." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:35956 xref: MA:0003170 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167787,7 +167787,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous sys [Term] id: UBERON:0015833 name: foregut epithelium -def: "A epithelium that is part of a foregut." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a foregut." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:32922 xref: MA:0003204 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium @@ -167892,7 +167892,7 @@ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011641 ! odontogenic mesenchyme of molar [Term] id: UBERON:0015846 name: incisor mesenchyme -def: "A odontogenic mesenchyme that is part of a incisor tooth." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An odontogenic mesenchyme that is part of a incisor tooth." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:32894 xref: MA:0003229 intersection_of: UBERON:0003856 ! uncondensed odontogenic mesenchyme @@ -168688,7 +168688,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0016425 name: epiphyseal plate of radius -def: "A epiphyseal plate that is part of a radius bone." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epiphyseal plate that is part of a radius bone." [OBOL:automatic] subset: pheno_slim xref: FMA:34354 intersection_of: UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate @@ -168929,7 +168929,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008200 ! forehead [Term] id: UBERON:0016476 name: primary incisor tooth -def: "A incisor tooth that is part of a primary dentition." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incisor tooth that is part of a primary dentition." [OBOL:automatic] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "deciduous incisor tooth" EXACT [FMA:84200] synonym: "temporary incisor tooth" EXACT [FMA:84200] @@ -169125,7 +169125,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 {source="FMA"} ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0016497 name: epicondyle of humerus -def: "A epicondyle that is part of a humerus." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epicondyle that is part of a humerus." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:321693 xref: NCIT:C114187 xref: SCTID:272693008 @@ -169179,7 +169179,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004994 {source="FMA"} ! mucosa of fundus of stomac [Term] id: UBERON:0016502 name: stomach fundus lumen -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a fundus of stomach." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a fundus of stomach." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of fundus of stomach" EXACT [FMA:17077] synonym: "lumen of fundus of stomach" EXACT [FMA:17077] synonym: "lumen of stomach fundus" EXACT [] @@ -169239,7 +169239,7 @@ intersection_of: luminal_space_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0016510 name: epithelium of male urethra -def: "A epithelium that is part of a male urethra." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a male urethra." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male urethral epithelium" EXACT [FMA:FMA] synonym: "urethral epithelium of male" EXACT [EMAPA:30467] xref: EMAPA:30467 @@ -169260,7 +169260,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004994 ! mucosa of fundus of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0016512 name: lumen of duodenum -def: "A anatomical space that is part of a duodenum." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is part of a duodenum." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "doudenal lumen" EXACT [FMA:FMA] synonym: "duodenal lumen" EXACT [FMA:FMA] xref: EMAPA:19080 @@ -169316,7 +169316,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001335 ! prostatic urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0016517 name: lumen of jejunum -def: "A anatomical space that is part of a jejunum." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is part of a jejunum." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunal lumen" EXACT [FMA:FMA] synonym: "jejunum lumen" EXACT [FMA:FMA] xref: EMAPA:18729 @@ -169337,7 +169337,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000399 {source="FMA"} ! jejunal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0016520 name: epithelium of female urethra -def: "A epithelium that is part of a female urethra." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a female urethra." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female urethral epithelium" EXACT [FMA:FMA] synonym: "urethral epithelium of female" EXACT [EMAPA:30470] xref: EMAPA:30470 @@ -170855,7 +170855,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! postcranial axial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0017160 name: lumen of hemipenial sheath -def: "A anatomical space that is enclosed by a hemipenal sheath." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An anatomical space that is enclosed by a hemipenal sheath." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hemipenis sheath lumen" EXACT [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: luminal_space_of UBERON:4100111 ! hemipenal sheath @@ -173796,7 +173796,7 @@ relationship: conduit_for UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0018529 name: female inguinal ring -def: "A inguinal ring that is part of a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An inguinal ring that is part of a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19172 xref: MA:0003250 intersection_of: UBERON:0006674 ! inguinal ring @@ -173806,7 +173806,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004353 ! female inguinal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0018530 name: male inguinal ring -def: "A inguinal ring that is part of a male reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An inguinal ring that is part of a male reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:29307 intersection_of: UBERON:0006674 ! inguinal ring intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system @@ -174345,7 +174345,7 @@ property_value: editor_note "TODO - tooth numbering nomeculature to be aligned a [Term] id: UBERON:0018601 name: lower central incisor tooth -def: "A incisor tooth that is in_the_central_side_of a dentition and is part of a lower jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incisor tooth that is in_the_central_side_of a dentition and is part of a lower jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lower central incisor" EXACT [] synonym: "mandibular central incisor" EXACT [] @@ -174357,7 +174357,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0018602 name: lower lateral incisor tooth -def: "A incisor tooth that is in_the_lateral_side_of a dentition and is part of a lower jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incisor tooth that is in_the_lateral_side_of a dentition and is part of a lower jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "lower lateral incisor" EXACT [] synonym: "mandibular lateral incisor" EXACT [] @@ -174369,7 +174369,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0018603 name: upper central incisor tooth -def: "A incisor tooth that is in_the_central_side_of a dentition and is part of a upper jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incisor tooth that is in_the_central_side_of a dentition and is part of a upper jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "maxillary central incisor" EXACT [] synonym: "upper central incisor" EXACT [] @@ -174381,7 +174381,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0018604 name: upper lateral incisor tooth -def: "A incisor tooth that is in_the_lateral_side_of a dentition and is part of a upper jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An incisor tooth that is in_the_lateral_side_of a dentition and is part of a upper jaw region." [OBOL:automatic] subset: pheno_slim synonym: "maxillary lateral incisor" EXACT [] synonym: "upper lateral incisor" EXACT [] @@ -199314,7 +199314,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2001388 name: epithelial mesenchymal boundary of regenerating fin/limb -def: "A epithelial-mesenchymal boundary that is part of a regenerating fin/limb." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelial-mesenchymal boundary that is part of a regenerating fin/limb." [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0001388 xref: ZFA:0001388 intersection_of: UBERON:0012437 ! epithelial-mesenchymal boundary @@ -199323,7 +199323,7 @@ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb [Term] id: UBERON:2001389 name: regeneration epithelium of fin/limb -def: "A epithelium that is part of a regenerating fin/limb." [OBOL:automatic] +def: "An epithelium that is part of a regenerating fin/limb." [OBOL:automatic] subset: efo_slim synonym: "epidermal cap" BROAD [ZFA:0001389] synonym: "epidermal cap of fin" EXACT [] @@ -207632,7 +207632,7 @@ created_by: teleost_anatomy_curators [Term] id: UBERON:2005233 name: obsolete CiD -def: "A interneuron of the spinal cord with an ipsilateral axon that extends ventral to the Mauthner axon then turns dorsally and caudally and sometimes has a minor ascending branch." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17] +def: "An interneuron of the spinal cord with an ipsilateral axon that extends ventral to the Mauthner axon then turns dorsally and caudally and sometimes has a minor ascending branch." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17] comment: incorrectly generalized to teleosts synonym: "circumferential descending interneuron" EXACT [TAO:0005233] synonym: "V2a interneuron" RELATED [TAO:0005233] From b6f6fde6b3e9d58a4bfc462e3ce0a5bde4473b31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nico Matentzoglu Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2021 20:46:59 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 5/5] Update uberon-edit.obo --- src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo index 894fd8d354..5d95d0382a 100644 --- a/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo +++ b/src/ontology/uberon-edit.obo @@ -178747,7 +178747,7 @@ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0024940 name: ganglion part of peripheral nervous system -def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)." [BIRNLEX:2548] +def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell body parts in the PNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)." [BIRNLEX:2548] synonym: "ganglion part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [BIRNLEX:2548] synonym: "ganglion part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT HUMAN_PREFERRED [BIRNLEX:2548] xref: BIRNLEX:2548