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GNU C Library NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
Copyright (C) 1992-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
See the end for copying conditions.
Please send GNU C library bug reports via <https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/>
using `glibc' in the "product" field.
Version 2.30
Major new features:
* Unicode 12.0.0 Support: Character encoding, character type info, and
transliteration tables are all updated to Unicode 12.0.0, using
generator scripts contributed by Mike FABIAN (Red Hat).
* The dynamic linker accepts the --preload argument to preload shared
objects, in addition to the LD_PRELOAD environment variable.
* On Linux, the gettid function has been added.
* Minguo (Republic of China) calendar support has been added as an
alternative calendar for the following locales: zh_TW, cmn_TW, hak_TW,
nan_TW, lzh_TW.
* The entry for the new Japanese era has been added for ja_JP locale.
* Memory allocation functions malloc, calloc, realloc, reallocarray, valloc,
pvalloc, memalign, and posix_memalign fail now with total object size
larger than PTRDIFF_MAX. This is to avoid potential undefined behavior with
pointer subtraction within the allocated object, where results might
overflow the ptrdiff_t type.
Deprecated and removed features, and other changes affecting compatibility:
* The functions clock_gettime, clock_getres, clock_settime,
clock_getcpuclockid, clock_nanosleep were removed from the librt library
for new applications (on architectures which had them). Instead, the
definitions in libc will be used automatically, which have been available
since glibc 2.17.
* The obsolete and never-implemented XSI STREAMS header files <stropts.h>
and <sys/stropts.h> have been removed.
* Support for the "inet6" option in /etc/resolv.conf and the RES_USE_INET6
resolver flag (deprecated in glibc 2.25) have been removed.
* The obsolete RES_INSECURE1 and RES_INSECURE2 option flags for the DNS stub
resolver have been removed from <resolv.h>.
* With --enable-bind-now, installed programs are now linked with the
BIND_NOW flag.
Changes to build and runtime requirements:
* GCC 6.2 or later is required to build the GNU C Library.
Older GCC versions and non-GNU compilers are still supported when
compiling programs that use the GNU C Library.
Security related changes:
CVE-2019-7309: x86-64 memcmp used signed Jcc instructions to check
size. For x86-64, memcmp on an object size larger than SSIZE_MAX
has undefined behavior. On x32, the size_t argument may be passed
in the lower 32 bits of the 64-bit RDX register with non-zero upper
32 bits. When it happened with the sign bit of RDX register set,
memcmp gave the wrong result since it treated the size argument as
zero. Reported by H.J. Lu.
CVE-2019-9169: Attempted case-insensitive regular-expression match
via proceed_next_node in posix/regexec.c leads to heap-based buffer
over-read. Reported by Hongxu Chen.
The following bugs are resolved with this release:
[The release manager will add the list generated by
scripts/list-fixed-bugs.py just before the release.]
Version 2.29
Major new features:
* The getcpu wrapper function has been added, which returns the currently
used CPU and NUMA node. This function is Linux-specific.
* A new convenience target has been added for distribution maintainers
to build and install all locales as directories with files. The new
target is run by issuing the following command in your build tree:
'make localedata/install-locale-files', with an optional DESTDIR
to set the install root if you wish to install into a non-default
configured location.
* Optimized generic exp, exp2, log, log2, pow, sinf, cosf, sincosf and tanf.
* The reallocarray function is now declared under _DEFAULT_SOURCE, not just
for _GNU_SOURCE, to match BSD environments.
* For powercp64le ABI, Transactional Lock Elision is now enabled iff kernel
indicates that it will abort the transaction prior to entering the kernel
(PPC_FEATURE2_HTM_NOSC on hwcap2). On older kernels the transaction is
suspended, and this caused some undefined side-effects issues by aborting
transactions manually. Glibc avoided it by abort transactions manually on
each syscall, but it lead to performance issues on newer kernels where the
HTM state is saved and restore lazily (the state being saved even when the
process actually does not use HTM).
* The functions posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np and
posix_spawn_file_actions_addfchdir_np have been added, enabling
posix_spawn and posix_spawnp to run the new process in a different
directory. These functions are GNU extensions. The function
posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np is similar to the Solaris function
of the same name.
* The popen and system do not run atfork handlers anymore (BZ#17490).
Although it is a possible POSIX violation, the POSIX rationale in
pthread_atfork documentation regarding atfork handlers is to handle
inconsistent mutex state after a fork call in a multi-threaded process.
In both popen and system there is no direct access to user-defined mutexes.
* Support for the C-SKY ABIV2 running on Linux has been added. This port
requires at least binutils-2.32, gcc-9.0, and linux-4.20. Two ABIs are
supported:
- C-SKY ABIV2 soft-float little-endian
- C-SKY ABIV2 hard-float little-endian
* strftime's default formatting of a locale's alternative year (%Ey)
has been changed to zero-pad the year to a minimum of two digits,
like "%y". This improves the display of Japanese era years during
the first nine years of a new era, and is expected to be harmless
for all other locales (only Japanese locales regularly have
alternative year numbers less than 10). Zero-padding can be
overridden with the '_' or '-' flags (which are GNU extensions).
* As a GNU extension, the '_' and '-' flags can now be applied to
"%EY" to control how the year number is formatted; they have the
same effect that they would on "%Ey".
Deprecated and removed features, and other changes affecting compatibility:
* The glibc.tune tunable namespace has been renamed to glibc.cpu and the
tunable glibc.tune.cpu has been renamed to glibc.cpu.name.
* The type of the pr_uid and pr_gid members of struct elf_prpsinfo, defined
in <sys/procfs.h>, has been corrected to match the type actually used by
the Linux kernel. This affects the size and layout of that structure on
MicroBlaze, MIPS (n64 ABI only), Nios II and RISC-V.
* For the MIPS n32 ABI, the type of the pr_sigpend and pr_sighold members of
struct elf_prstatus, and the pr_flag member of struct elf_prpsinfo,
defined in <sys/procfs.h>, has been corrected to match the type actually
used by the Linux kernel. This affects the size and layout of those
structures.
* An archaic GNU extension to scanf, under which '%as', '%aS', and '%a[...]'
meant to scan a string and allocate space for it with malloc, is now
restricted to programs compiled in C89 or C++98 mode with _GNU_SOURCE
defined. This extension conflicts with C99's use of '%a' to scan a
hexadecimal floating-point number, which is now available to programs
compiled as C99 or C++11 or higher, regardless of _GNU_SOURCE.
POSIX.1-2008 includes the feature of allocating a buffer for string input
with malloc, using the modifier letter 'm' instead. Programs using
'%as', '%aS', or '%a[...]' with the old GNU meaning should change to
'%ms', '%mS', or '%m[...]' respectively. Programs that wish to use the
C99 '%a' no longer need to avoid _GNU_SOURCE.
GCC's -Wformat warnings can detect most uses of this extension, as long
as all functions that call vscanf, vfscanf, or vsscanf are annotated with
__attribute__ ((format (scanf, ...))).
Changes to build and runtime requirements:
* Python 3.4 or later is required to build the GNU C Library.
* On most architectures, GCC 5 or later is required to build the GNU C
Library. (On powerpc64le, GCC 6.2 or later is still required, as before.)
Older GCC versions and non-GNU compilers are still supported when
compiling programs that use the GNU C Library.
Security related changes:
CVE-2018-19591: A file descriptor leak in if_nametoindex can lead to a
denial of service due to resource exhaustion when processing getaddrinfo
calls with crafted host names. Reported by Guido Vranken.
CVE-2019-6488: On x32, the size_t parameter may be passed in the lower
32 bits of a 64-bit register with with non-zero upper 32 bit. When it
happened, accessing the 32-bit size_t value as the full 64-bit register
in the assembly string/memory functions would cause a buffer overflow.
Reported by H.J. Lu.
CVE-2016-10739: The getaddrinfo function could successfully parse IPv4
addresses with arbitrary trailing characters, potentially leading to data
or command injection issues in applications.
The following bugs are resolved with this release:
[10425] localedata: it_IT/it_CH: LC_TIME format is wrong
[10496] localedata: 12h time representation in multiple locales faulty
[10797] localedata: it_IT locale numeric does not have a separator for
thousands
[11319] libc: dprintf doesn't handle errors properly
[16346] time: mktime: potentially unsafe use of localtime_offset
[17248] build: glibc should not sort CFLAGS (support gcc plugins and
--param options)
[17405] libc: Implement posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np,
posix_spawn_file_actions_addfchdir_np
[17426] localedata: Indian locales: set the correct date format
[17490] stdio: popen should not invoke atfork handlers
[17783] libc: TIOCSER_TEMT conditions inconsistent
[18040] regex: use-after-free in regexec/get_subexp
[18093] libc: Corrupted aux-cache causes ldconfig to segfault
[20018] network: getaddrinfo should reject IP addresses with trailing
characters (CVE-2016-10739)
[20209] localedata: Spelling mistake for Sunday in Greenlandic kl_GL
[20271] libc: Missing "\n" in __libc_fatal calls
[20480] dynamic-link: Patch: ifunc not executable, crashes sudo qemu
[20544] libc: RFE: atexit, __cxa_atexit, on_exit should assert function
pointer argument is non-NULL
[21037] stdio: open_memstream and freopen
[21286] libc: bits/siginfo.h is missing enum definition for TRAP_HWBKPT
[21716] time: Crash in glibc's mktime in low-memory situations
[22834] stdio: Subprocess forked by popen may crash in Linux when
multithreads call popen
[22927] network: crash in vn_gai_enqueue_request if requests_tail was NULL
and pthread_create fails.
[23032] hurd: sysdeps/htl/pt-barrier-init.c:39: bad call to memcmp ?
[23125] libc: riscv64: endless loop when throwing an exception from a
constructor
[23275] nptl: Race in pthread_mutex_lock while promoting to
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ELISION_NP.
[23400] libc: stdlib/test-bz22786.c creates temporary files in glibc
source tree
[23479] math: [mips] bits/fenv.h should not define some macros for soft-
float
[23490] libc: sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86/tst-cet-property-2.c:49: off by
one error
[23497] libc: readdir64@GLIBC_2.1 cannot parse the kernel directory stream
[23509] dynamic-link: CET enabled glibc is incompatible with the older
linker
[23520] nscd: nscd: Use-after-free in addgetnetgrentX and its callers
[23521] nss: get_next_alias nss_files file stream leak
[23538] nptl: Hang in pthread_cond_broadcast
[23562] libc: Wrong type for si_band in Linux-specific siginfo_t
[23578] regex: Invalid memory access if regex pattern contains NUL byte
[23579] libc: Errors misreported in preadv2
[23597] build: support/test-container.c doesn't work with different
filesystems
[23603] time: mktime signed integer overflow on large timestamps
[23606] libc: Missing ENDBR32 in sysdeps/i386/start.S
[23614] libc: powerpc: missing CFI register information in __mpn_*
functions
[23637] string: Generic strstr/strcasestr fails with huge needles
[23640] libc: no way to easily clear FD_CLOEXEC in
posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2()
[23649] libc: [microblaze/mips/nios2/riscv] sys/procfs.h pr_uid, pr_gid
have wrong type
[23656] libc: [mips n32] sys/procfs.h pr_sigpend, pr_sighold, pr_flag have
wrong type
[23679] libc: gethostid: Missing NULL check for gethostbyname_r result
[23689] libc: Bug in documentation for rusage.ru_ixrss in
bits/types/struct_rusage.h
[23690] dynamic-link: Segfault in _dl_profile_fixup with a high number of
threads
[23707] dynamic-link: Missing unwind info in sysdeps/powerpc/powerpc32/dl-
start.S
[23709] string: glibc 2.25 lacks sse2 optimized strstr()
[23716] dynamic-link: _dl_runtime_resolve_shstk isn't selected properly
[23717] libc: glibc: stdlib/tst-setcontext9 test suite failure on
powerpc64le
[23724] localedata: Albanian date formats are incorrect
[23735] math: libnldbl_nonshared.a references internal libm symbols
[23740] localedata: kl_GL: Month names and date formats need update
[23744] regex: regex refactorings to remove BE, avoid duplication
[23745] time: mktime fix for Gnulib + coreutils
[23758] time: Improve the width of alternate representation for year in
strftime
[23783] libc: [mips] Missing CMSPAR bits/termios.h
[23789] time: mktime does not set errno on failure
[23791] localedata: Wrong monetary format for ca_ES locale
[23793] locale: c32rtomb and mbrtoc32 should not alias wcrtomb and mbrtowc
[23794] locale: c16rtomb does not handle surrogate pairs
[23821] libc: si_band in siginfo_t has wrong type long int on sparc64
[23822] math: ia64 static libm.a is missing exp2f, log2f and powf symbols
[23836] time: time/tst-mktime2 test failure on Arm (32-bit)
[23848] libc: [sparc] Some socket syscalls wrongly assumed to be present
[23861] nptl: rdlock stalls indefinitely on an unlocked pthread rwlock
[23862] libc: [sh] missing kernel-features.h undefines
[23864] libc: [riscv] missing kernel-features.h undefines
[23867] libc: [arm/microblaze] __ASSUME_MLOCK2 incorrect
[23907] malloc: Incorrect double-free malloc tcache check disregards
tcache size
[23913] libc: off-by-one in function maybe_script_execute in
sysdeps/posix/spawni.c
[23915] libc: [arm] __ASSUME_COPY_FILE_RANGE incorrect
[23923] locale: Add --no-hard-links option to localedef
[23927] network: Linux if_nametoindex() does not close descriptor
(CVE-2018-19591)
[23961] math: powf can overflow to inf without setting errno in non-
nearest rounding mode
[23967] libc: [2.28 Regression]: New sigaction implementation breaks m68k
[23972] libc: __old_getdents64 uses wrong d_off value on overflow
[23993] libc: glibc 2.29 doesn't build with gcc 4.9
[23995] localedata: Remove execution flags from localedata/locales/bi_VU
[24011] localedata: Fixed small type in comment for locale bs_BA
[24018] libc: gettext() may return NULL
[24022] build: riscv build failure with Linux kernel 4.20-rc7
[24023] build: [2.29 Regression] FAIL: elf/check-localplt
[24024] string: strerror() might set errno to ENOMEM due to -fno-math-
error
[24027] malloc: glibc: realloc() ncopies 32-bit integer overflow
[24034] libc: tst-cancel21-static fails with SIGBUS on pre-ARMv7 when
using GCC 8
[24046] localedata: en_US locale doesn't define date_fmt
[24063] manual: @var{errno} should be @code{errno}
[24066] soft-fp: Inconsistent _FP_W_TYPE_SIZE check
[24088] libc: VSCR field is not being correctly read in ucontext_t on
ppc64le
[24096] time: Specifying '_' or '-' flag for "%EY" does not produce the
expected result
[24097] string: Can't use 64-bit register for size_t in assembly codes for
x32 (CVE-2019-6488)
[24110] hurd: SS_DISABLE never set in stack_t value returned by
sigaltstack
[24112] network: Do not send DNS queries for non-host names (where all
answers will be rejected)
[24130] libc: alpha __remqu corrupts $f3 register
Version 2.28
Major new features:
* The localization data for ISO 14651 is updated to match the 2016
Edition 4 release of the standard, this matches data provided by
Unicode 9.0.0. This update introduces significant improvements to the
collation of Unicode characters. This release deviates slightly from
the standard in that the collation element ordering for lowercase and
uppercase LATIN script characters is adjusted to ensure that regular
expressions with ranges like [a-z] and [A-Z] don't interleave e.g. A
is not matched by [a-z]. With the update many locales have been
updated to take advantage of the new collation information. The new
collation information has increased the size of the compiled locale
archive or binary locales.
* The GNU C Library can now be compiled with support for Intel CET, AKA
Intel Control-flow Enforcement Technology. When the library is built
with --enable-cet, the resulting glibc is protected with indirect
branch tracking (IBT) and shadow stack (SHSTK). CET-enabled glibc is
compatible with all existing executables and shared libraries. This
feature is currently supported on i386, x86_64 and x32 with GCC 8 and
binutils 2.29 or later. Note that CET-enabled glibc requires CPUs
capable of multi-byte NOPs, like x86-64 processors as well as Intel
Pentium Pro or newer. NOTE: --enable-cet has been tested for i686,
x86_64 and x32 on non-CET processors. --enable-cet has been tested
for x86_64 and x32 on CET SDVs, but Intel CET support hasn't been
validated for i686.
* The GNU C Library now has correct support for ABSOLUTE symbols
(SHN_ABS-relative symbols). Previously such ABSOLUTE symbols were
relocated incorrectly or in some cases discarded. The GNU linker can
make use of the newer semantics, but it must communicate it to the
dynamic loader by setting the ELF file's identification (EI_ABIVERSION
field) to indicate such support is required.
* Unicode 11.0.0 Support: Character encoding, character type info, and
transliteration tables are all updated to Unicode 11.0.0, using
generator scripts contributed by Mike FABIAN (Red Hat).
* <math.h> functions that round their results to a narrower type are added
from TS 18661-1:2014 and TS 18661-3:2015:
- fadd, faddl, daddl and corresponding fMaddfN, fMaddfNx, fMxaddfN and
fMxaddfNx functions.
- fsub, fsubl, dsubl and corresponding fMsubfN, fMsubfNx, fMxsubfN and
fMxsubfNx functions.
- fmul, fmull, dmull and corresponding fMmulfN, fMmulfNx, fMxmulfN and
fMxmulfNx functions.
- fdiv, fdivl, ddivl and corresponding fMdivfN, fMdivfNx, fMxdivfN and
fMxdivfNx functions.
* Two grammatical forms of month names are now supported for the following
languages: Armenian, Asturian, Catalan, Czech, Kashubian, Occitan, Ossetian,
Scottish Gaelic, Upper Sorbian, and Walloon. The following languages now
support two grammatical forms in abbreviated month names: Catalan, Greek,
and Kashubian.
* Newly added locales: Lower Sorbian (dsb_DE) and Yakut (sah_RU) also
include the support for two grammatical forms of month names.
* Building and running on GNU/Hurd systems now works without out-of-tree
patches.
* The renameat2 function has been added, a variant of the renameat function
which has a flags argument. If the flags are zero, the renameat2 function
acts like renameat. If the flag is not zero and there is no kernel
support for renameat2, the function will fail with an errno value of
EINVAL. This is different from the existing gnulib function renameatu,
which performs a plain rename operation in case of a RENAME_NOREPLACE
flags and a non-existing destination (and therefore has a race condition
that can clobber the destination inadvertently).
* The statx function has been added, a variant of the fstatat64
function with an additional flags argument. If there is no direct
kernel support for statx, glibc provides basic stat support based on
the fstatat64 function.
* IDN domain names in getaddrinfo and getnameinfo now use the system libidn2
library if installed. libidn2 version 2.0.5 or later is recommended. If
libidn2 is not available, internationalized domain names are not encoded
or decoded even if the AI_IDN or NI_IDN flags are passed to getaddrinfo or
getnameinfo. (getaddrinfo calls with non-ASCII names and AI_IDN will fail
with an encoding error.) Flags which used to change the IDN encoding and
decoding behavior (AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED, AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES,
NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED, NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES) have been
deprecated. They no longer have any effect.
* Parsing of dynamic string tokens in DT_RPATH, DT_RUNPATH, DT_NEEDED,
DT_AUXILIARY, and DT_FILTER has been expanded to support the full
range of ELF gABI expressions including such constructs as
'$ORIGIN$ORIGIN' (if valid). For SUID/GUID applications the rules
have been further restricted, and where in the past a dynamic string
token sequence may have been interpreted as a literal string it will
now cause a load failure. These load failures were always considered
unspecified behaviour from the perspective of the dynamic loader, and
for safety are now load errors e.g. /foo/${ORIGIN}.so in DT_NEEDED
results in a load failure now.
* Support for ISO C threads (ISO/IEC 9899:2011) has been added. The
implementation includes all the standard functions provided by
<threads.h>:
- thrd_current, thrd_equal, thrd_sleep, thrd_yield, thrd_create,
thrd_detach, thrd_exit, and thrd_join for thread management.
- mtx_init, mtx_lock, mtx_timedlock, mtx_trylock, mtx_unlock, and
mtx_destroy for mutual exclusion.
- call_once for function call synchronization.
- cnd_broadcast, cnd_destroy, cnd_init, cnd_signal, cnd_timedwait, and
cnd_wait for conditional variables.
- tss_create, tss_delete, tss_get, and tss_set for thread-local storage.
Application developers must link against libpthread to use ISO C threads.
Deprecated and removed features, and other changes affecting compatibility:
* The nonstandard header files <libio.h> and <_G_config.h> are no longer
installed. Software that was using either header should be updated to
use standard <stdio.h> interfaces instead.
* The stdio functions 'getc' and 'putc' are no longer defined as macros.
This was never required by the C standard, and the macros just expanded
to call alternative names for the same functions. If you hoped getc and
putc would provide performance improvements over fgetc and fputc, instead
investigate using (f)getc_unlocked and (f)putc_unlocked, and, if
necessary, flockfile and funlockfile.
* All stdio functions now treat end-of-file as a sticky condition. If you
read from a file until EOF, and then the file is enlarged by another
process, you must call clearerr or another function with the same effect
(e.g. fseek, rewind) before you can read the additional data. This
corrects a longstanding C99 conformance bug. It is most likely to affect
programs that use stdio to read interactive input from a terminal.
(Bug #1190.)
* The macros 'major', 'minor', and 'makedev' are now only available from
the header <sys/sysmacros.h>; not from <sys/types.h> or various other
headers that happen to include <sys/types.h>. These macros are rarely
used, not part of POSIX nor XSI, and their names frequently collide with
user code; see https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=19239 for
further explanation.
<sys/sysmacros.h> is a GNU extension. Portable programs that require
these macros should first include <sys/types.h>, and then include
<sys/sysmacros.h> if __GNU_LIBRARY__ is defined.
* The tilegx*-*-linux-gnu configurations are no longer supported.
* The obsolete function ustat is no longer available to newly linked
binaries; the headers <ustat.h> and <sys/ustat.h> have been removed. This
function has been deprecated in favor of fstatfs and statfs.
* The obsolete function nfsservctl is no longer available to newly linked
binaries. This function was specific to systems using the Linux kernel
and could not usefully be used with the GNU C Library on systems with
version 3.1 or later of the Linux kernel.
* The obsolete function name llseek is no longer available to newly linked
binaries. This function was specific to systems using the Linux kernel
and was not declared in a header. Programs should use the lseek64 name
for this function instead.
* The AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED and NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED flags for the
getaddrinfo and getnameinfo functions have been deprecated. The behavior
previously selected by them is now always enabled.
* The AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES and NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES flags for
the getaddrinfo and getnameinfo functions have been deprecated. The STD3
restriction (rejecting '_' in host names, among other things) has been
removed, for increased compatibility with non-IDN name resolution.
* The fcntl function now have a Long File Support variant named fcntl64. It
is added to fix some Linux Open File Description (OFD) locks usage on non
LFS mode. As for others *64 functions, fcntl64 semantics are analogous with
fcntl and LFS support is handled transparently. Also for Linux, the OFD
locks act as a cancellation entrypoint.
* The obsolete functions encrypt, encrypt_r, setkey, setkey_r, cbc_crypt,
ecb_crypt, and des_setparity are no longer available to newly linked
binaries, and the headers <rpc/des_crypt.h> and <rpc/rpc_des.h> are no
longer installed. These functions encrypted and decrypted data with the
DES block cipher, which is no longer considered secure. Software that
still uses these functions should switch to a modern cryptography library,
such as libgcrypt.
* Reflecting the removal of the encrypt and setkey functions above, the
macro _XOPEN_CRYPT is no longer defined. As a consequence, the crypt
function is no longer declared unless _DEFAULT_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE is
enabled.
* The obsolete function fcrypt is no longer available to newly linked
binaries. It was just another name for the standard function crypt,
and it has not appeared in any header file in many years.
* We have tentative plans to hand off maintenance of the passphrase-hashing
library, libcrypt, to a separate development project that will, we hope,
keep up better with new passphrase-hashing algorithms. We will continue
to declare 'crypt' in <unistd.h>, and programs that use 'crypt' or
'crypt_r' should not need to change at all; however, distributions will
need to install <crypt.h> and libcrypt from a separate project.
In this release, if the configure option --disable-crypt is used, glibc
will not install <crypt.h> or libcrypt, making room for the separate
project's versions of these files. The plan is to make this the default
behavior in a future release.
Changes to build and runtime requirements:
GNU make 4.0 or later is now required to build glibc.
Security related changes:
CVE-2016-6261, CVE-2016-6263, CVE-2017-14062: Various vulnerabilities have
been fixed by removing the glibc-internal IDNA implementation and using
the system-provided libidn2 library instead. Originally reported by Hanno
Böck and Christian Weisgerber.
CVE-2017-18269: An SSE2-based memmove implementation for the i386
architecture could corrupt memory. Reported by Max Horn.
CVE-2018-11236: Very long pathname arguments to realpath function could
result in an integer overflow and buffer overflow. Reported by Alexey
Izbyshev.
CVE-2018-11237: The mempcpy implementation for the Intel Xeon Phi
architecture could write beyond the target buffer, resulting in a buffer
overflow. Reported by Andreas Schwab.
The following bugs are resolved with this release:
[1190] stdio: fgetc()/fread() behaviour is not POSIX compliant
[6889] manual: 'PWD' mentioned but not specified
[13575] libc: SSIZE_MAX defined as LONG_MAX is inconsistent with ssize_t,
when __WORDSIZE != 64
[13762] regex: re_search etc. should return -2 on memory exhaustion
[13888] build: /tmp usage during testing
[13932] math: dbl-64 pow unexpectedly slow for some inputs
[14092] nptl: Support C11 threads
[14095] localedata: Review / update collation data from Unicode / ISO
14651
[14508] libc: -Wformat warnings
[14553] libc: Namespace pollution loff_t in sys/types.h
[14890] libc: Make NT_PRFPREG canonical.
[15105] libc: Extra PLT references with -Os
[15512] libc: __bswap_constant_16 not compiled when -Werror -Wsign-
conversion is given
[16335] manual: Feature test macro documentation incomplete and out of
date
[16552] libc: Unify umount implementations in terms of umount2
[17082] libc: htons et al.: statement-expressions prevent use on global
scope with -O1 and higher
[17343] libc: Signed integer overflow in /stdlib/random_r.c
[17438] localedata: pt_BR: wrong d_fmt delimiter
[17662] libc: please implement binding for the new renameat2 syscall
[17721] libc: __restrict defined as /* Ignore */ even in c11
[17979] libc: inconsistency between uchar.h and stdint.h
[18018] dynamic-link: Additional $ORIGIN handling issues (CVE-2011-0536)
[18023] libc: extend_alloca is broken (questionable pointer comparison,
horrible machine code)
[18124] libc: hppa: setcontext erroneously returns -1 as exit code for
last constant.
[18471] libc: llseek should be a compat symbol
[18473] soft-fp: [powerpc-nofpu] __sqrtsf2, __sqrtdf2 should be compat
symbols
[18991] nss: nss_files skips large entry in database
[19239] libc: Including stdlib.h ends up with macros major and minor being
defined
[19463] libc: linknamespace failures when compiled with -Os
[19485] localedata: csb_PL: Update month translations + add yesstr/nostr
[19527] locale: Normalized charset name not recognized by setlocale
[19667] string: Missing Sanity Check for malloc calls in file 'testcopy.c'
[19668] libc: Missing Sanity Check for malloc() in file 'tst-setcontext-
fpscr.c'
[19728] network: out of bounds stack read in libidn function
idna_to_ascii_4i (CVE-2016-6261)
[19729] network: out of bounds heap read on invalid utf-8 inputs in
stringprep_utf8_nfkc_normalize (CVE-2016-6263)
[19818] dynamic-link: Absolute (SHN_ABS) symbols incorrectly relocated by
the base address
[20079] libc: Add SHT_X86_64_UNWIND to elf.h
[20251] libc: 32bit programs pass garbage in struct flock for OFD locks
[20419] dynamic-link: files with large allocated notes crash in
open_verify
[20530] libc: bswap_16 should use __builtin_bswap16() when available
[20890] dynamic-link: ldconfig: fsync the files before atomic rename
[20980] manual: CFLAGS environment variable replaces vital options
[21163] regex: Assertion failure in pop_fail_stack when executing a
malformed regexp (CVE-2015-8985)
[21234] manual: use of CFLAGS makes glibc detect no optimization
[21269] dynamic-link: i386 sigaction sa_restorer handling is wrong
[21313] build: Compile Error GCC 5.4.0 MIPS with -0S
[21314] build: Compile Error GCC 5.2.0 MIPS with -0s
[21508] locale: intl/tst-gettext failure with latest msgfmt
[21547] localedata: Tibetan script collation broken (Dzongkha and Tibetan)
[21812] network: getifaddrs() returns entries with ifa_name == NULL
[21895] libc: ppc64 setjmp/longjmp not fully interoperable with static
dlopen
[21942] dynamic-link: _dl_dst_substitute incorrectly handles $ORIGIN: with
AT_SECURE=1
[22241] localedata: New locale: Yakut (Sakha) locale for Russia (sah_RU)
[22247] network: Integer overflow in the decode_digit function in
puny_decode.c in libidn (CVE-2017-14062)
[22342] nscd: NSCD not properly caching netgroup
[22391] nptl: Signal function clear NPTL internal symbols inconsistently
[22550] localedata: es_ES locale (and other es_* locales): collation
should treat ñ as a primary different character, sync the collation
for Spanish with CLDR
[22638] dynamic-link: sparc: static binaries are broken if glibc is built
by gcc configured with --enable-default-pie
[22639] time: year 2039 bug for localtime etc. on 64-bit platforms
[22644] string: memmove-sse2-unaligned on 32bit x86 produces garbage when
crossing 2GB threshold (CVE-2017-18269)
[22646] localedata: redundant data (LC_TIME) for es_CL, es_CU, es_EC and
es_BO
[22735] time: Misleading typo in time.h source comment regarding
CLOCKS_PER_SECOND
[22753] libc: preadv2/pwritev2 fallback code should handle offset=-1
[22761] libc: No trailing `%n' conversion specifier in FMT passed from
`__assert_perror_fail ()' to `__assert_fail_base ()'
[22766] libc: all glibc internal dlopen should use RTLD_NOW for robust
dlopen failures
[22786] libc: Stack buffer overflow in realpath() if input size is close
to SSIZE_MAX (CVE-2018-11236)
[22787] dynamic-link: _dl_check_caller returns false when libc is linked
through an absolute DT_NEEDED path
[22792] build: tcb-offsets.h dependency dropped
[22797] libc: pkey_get() uses non-reserved name of argument
[22807] libc: PTRACE_* constants missing for powerpc
[22818] glob: posix/tst-glob_lstat_compat failure on alpha
[22827] dynamic-link: RISC-V ELF64 parser mis-reads flag in ldconfig
[22830] malloc: malloc_stats doesn't restore cancellation state on stderr
[22848] localedata: ca_ES: update date definitions from CLDR
[22862] build: _DEFAULT_SOURCE is defined even when _ISOC11_SOURCE is
[22884] math: RISCV fmax/fmin handle signalling NANs incorrectly
[22896] localedata: Update locale data for an_ES
[22902] math: float128 test failures with GCC 8
[22918] libc: multiple common of `__nss_shadow_database'
[22919] libc: sparc32: backtrace yields infinite backtrace with
makecontext
[22926] libc: FTBFS on powerpcspe
[22932] localedata: lt_LT: Update of abbreviated month names from CLDR
required
[22937] localedata: Greek (el_GR, el_CY) locales actually need ab_alt_mon
[22947] libc: FAIL: misc/tst-preadvwritev2
[22963] localedata: cs_CZ: Add alternative month names
[22987] math: [powerpc/sparc] fdim inlines errno, exceptions handling
[22996] localedata: change LC_PAPER to en_US in es_BO locale
[22998] dynamic-link: execstack tests are disabled when SELinux is
disabled
[23005] network: Crash in __res_context_send after memory allocation
failure
[23007] math: strtod cannot handle -nan
[23024] nss: getlogin_r is performing NSS lookups when loginid isn't set
[23036] regex: regex equivalence class regression
[23037] libc: initialize msg_flags to zero for sendmmsg() calls
[23069] libc: sigaction broken on riscv64-linux-gnu
[23094] localedata: hr_HR: wrong thousands_sep and mon_thousands_sep
[23102] dynamic-link: Incorrect parsing of multiple consecutive $variable
patterns in runpath entries (e.g. $ORIGIN$ORIGIN)
[23137] nptl: s390: pthread_join sometimes block indefinitely (on 31bit
and libc build with -Os)
[23140] localedata: More languages need two forms of month names
[23145] libc: _init/_fini aren't marked as hidden
[23152] localedata: gd_GB: Fix typo in "May" (abbreviated)
[23171] math: C++ iseqsig for long double converts arguments to double
[23178] nscd: sudo will fail when it is run in concurrent with commands
that changes /etc/passwd
[23196] string: __mempcpy_avx512_no_vzeroupper mishandles large copies
(CVE-2018-11237)
[23206] dynamic-link: static-pie + dlopen breaks debugger interaction
[23208] localedata: New locale - Lower Sorbian (dsb)
[23233] regex: Memory leak in build_charclass_op function in file
posix/regcomp.c
[23236] stdio: Harden function pointers in _IO_str_fields
[23250] nptl: Offset of __private_ss differs from GCC
[23253] math: tgamma test suite failures on i686 with -march=x86-64
-mtune=generic -mfpmath=sse
[23259] dynamic-link: Unsubstituted ${ORIGIN} remains in DT_NEEDED for
AT_SECURE
[23264] libc: posix_spawnp wrongly executes ENOEXEC in non compat mode
[23266] nis: stringop-truncation warning with new gcc8.1 in nisplus-
parser.c
[23272] math: fma(INFINITY,INFIITY,0.0) should be INFINITY
[23277] math: nan function should not have const attribute
[23279] math: scanf and strtod wrong for some hex floating-point
[23280] math: wscanf rounds wrong; wcstod is ok for negative numbers and
directed rounding
[23290] localedata: IBM273 is not equivalent to ISO-8859-1
[23303] build: undefined reference to symbol
'__parse_hwcap_and_convert_at_platform@@GLIBC_2.23'
[23307] dynamic-link: Absolute symbols whose value is zero ignored in
lookup
[23313] stdio: libio vtables validation and standard file object
interposition
[23329] libc: The __libc_freeres infrastructure is not properly run across
DSO boundaries.
[23349] libc: Various glibc headers no longer compatible with
<linux/time.h>
[23351] malloc: Remove unused code related to heap dumps and malloc
checking
[23363] stdio: stdio-common/tst-printf.c has non-free license
[23396] regex: Regex equivalence regression in single-byte locales
[23422] localedata: oc_FR: More updates of locale data
[23442] build: New warning with GCC 8
[23448] libc: Out of bounds access in IBM-1390 converter
[23456] libc: Wrong index_cpu_LZCNT
[23458] build: tst-get-cpu-features-static isn't added to tests
[23459] libc: COMMON_CPUID_INDEX_80000001 isn't populated for Intel
processors
[23467] dynamic-link: x86/CET: A property note parser bug
Version 2.27
Major new features:
* The GNU C Library can now be compiled with support for building static
PIE executables (See --enable-static-pie in INSTALL). These static PIE
executables are like static executables but can be loaded at any address
and provide additional security hardening benefits at the cost of some
memory and performance. When the library is built with --enable-static-pie
the resulting libc.a is usable with GCC 8 and above to create static PIE
executables using the GCC option '-static-pie'. This feature is currently
supported on i386, x86_64 and x32 with binutils 2.29 or later, and on
aarch64 with binutils 2.30 or later.
* Optimized x86-64 asin, atan2, exp, expf, log, pow, atan, sin, cosf,
sinf, sincosf and tan with FMA, contributed by Arjan van de Ven and
H.J. Lu from Intel.
* Optimized x86-64 trunc and truncf for processors with SSE4.1.
* Optimized generic expf, exp2f, logf, log2f, powf, sinf, cosf and sincosf.
* In order to support faster and safer process termination the malloc API
family of functions will no longer print a failure address and stack
backtrace after detecting heap corruption. The goal is to minimize the
amount of work done after corruption is detected and to avoid potential
security issues in continued process execution. Reducing shutdown time
leads to lower overall process restart latency, so there is benefit both
from a security and performance perspective.
* The abort function terminates the process immediately, without flushing
stdio streams. Previous glibc versions used to flush streams, resulting
in deadlocks and further data corruption. This change also affects
process aborts as the result of assertion failures.
* On platforms where long double has the IEEE binary128 format (aarch64,
alpha, mips64, riscv, s390 and sparc), the math library now implements
_Float128 interfaces for that type, as defined by ISO/IEC TS 18661-3:2015.
These are the same interfaces added in version 2.26 for some platforms where
this format is supported but is not the format of long double.
* On platforms with support for _Float64x (aarch64, alpha, i386, ia64,
mips64, powerpc64le, riscv, s390, sparc and x86_64), the math library now
implements interfaces for that type, as defined by ISO/IEC TS
18661-3:2015. These are corresponding interfaces to those supported for
_Float128.
* The math library now implements interfaces for the _Float32, _Float64 and
_Float32x types, as defined by ISO/IEC TS 18661-3:2015. These are
corresponding interfaces to those supported for _Float128.
* glibc now implements the memfd_create and mlock2 functions on Linux.
* Support for memory protection keys was added. The <sys/mman.h> header now
declares the functions pkey_alloc, pkey_free, pkey_mprotect, pkey_set,
pkey_get.
* The copy_file_range function was added.
* Optimized memcpy, mempcpy, memmove, and memset for sparc M7.
* The ldconfig utility now processes `include' directives using the C/POSIX
collation ordering. Previous glibc versions used locale-specific
ordering, the change might break systems that relied on that.
* Support for two grammatical forms of month names has been added.
In a call to strftime, the "%B" and "%b" format specifiers will now
produce the grammatical form required when the month is used as part
of a complete date. New "%OB" and "%Ob" specifiers produce the form
required when the month is named by itself. For instance, in Greek
and in many Slavic and Baltic languages, "%B" will produce the month
in genitive case, and "%OB" will produce the month in nominative case.
In a call to strptime, "%B", "%b", "%h", "%OB", "%Ob", and "%Oh"
are all valid and will all accept any known form of month
name---standalone or complete, abbreviated or full. In a call to
nl_langinfo, the query constants MON_1..12 and ABMON_1..12 return
the strings used by "%B" and "%b", respectively. New query
constants ALTMON_1..12 and _NL_ABALTMON_1..12 return the strings
used by "%OB" and "%Ob", respectively.
In a locale definition file, use "alt_mon" and "ab_alt_mon" to
define the strings for %OB and %Ob, respectively; these have the
same syntax as "mon" and "abmon". These arrays are optional; if they
are not provided then they have the same content as "mon" and "abmon",
respectively.
These features are provided for locales which define "alt_mon" and/or
"ab_alt_mon" in their locale source data. This release includes such
alternative month name data for the following languages: Belarusian,
Croatian, Greek, Lithuanian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian.
This feature is currently a GNU extension, but it is expected to
be added to the next revision of POSIX, and it is also already
available on some BSD-derived operating systems.
This feature will cause existing statically compiled applications
to fail to load locales and fall back to the builtin C/POSIX locales.
See notes below for other changes affecting compatibility.
* Support for the RISC-V ISA running on Linux has been added. This port
requires at least binutils-2.30, gcc-7.3.0, and linux-4.15; and is supported
for the following ISA and ABI pairs:
- rv64imac lp64
- rv64imafdc lp64
- rv64imafdc lp64d
Deprecated and removed features, and other changes affecting compatibility:
* Statically compiled applications attempting to load locales compiled for the
GNU C Library version 2.27 will fail and fall back to the builtin C/POSIX
locale. The reason for this is that the addition of the new "%OB" and "%Ob",
support for two grammatical forms of the month names, also extends the locale
data binary format. Static applications needing locale support must be
recompiled to match the runtime and data they are deployed with. In some
distributions there is an upgrade window where dynamically linked applications
may use a new library but the old locale data and also fall back to the
builtin C/POSIX locales; restarting the application process is sufficient to
fix this.
* Support for statically linked applications which call dlopen is deprecated
and will be removed in a future version of glibc. Applications which call
dlopen need to be linked dynamically instead.
* Support for old programs which use internal stdio data structures and
functions is deprecated. This includes programs which use the C++ streams
provided by libstdc++ in GCC 2.95. Programs which use the internal
symbols _IO_adjust_wcolumn, _IO_default_doallocate, _IO_default_finish,
_IO_default_pbackfail, _IO_default_uflow, _IO_default_xsgetn,
_IO_default_xsputn, _IO_doallocbuf, _IO_do_write, _IO_file_attach,
_IO_file_close, _IO_file_close_it, _IO_file_doallocate, _IO_file_fopen,
_IO_file_init, _IO_file_jumps, _IO_fileno, _IO_file_open,
_IO_file_overflow, _IO_file_read, _IO_file_seek, _IO_file_seekoff,
_IO_file_setbuf, _IO_file_stat, _IO_file_sync, _IO_file_underflow,
_IO_file_write, _IO_file_xsputn, _IO_flockfile, _IO_flush_all,
_IO_flush_all_linebuffered, _IO_free_backup_area, _IO_free_wbackup_area,
_IO_init, _IO_init_marker, _IO_init_wmarker, _IO_iter_begin, _IO_iter_end,
_IO_iter_file, _IO_iter_next, _IO_least_wmarker, _IO_link_in,
_IO_list_all, _IO_list_lock, _IO_list_resetlock, _IO_list_unlock,
_IO_marker_delta, _IO_marker_difference, _IO_remove_marker, _IO_seekmark,
_IO_seekwmark, _IO_str_init_readonly, _IO_str_init_static,
_IO_str_overflow, _IO_str_pbackfail, _IO_str_seekoff, _IO_str_underflow,
_IO_switch_to_main_wget_area, _IO_switch_to_wget_mode,
_IO_unsave_wmarkers, _IO_wdefault_doallocate, _IO_wdefault_finish,
_IO_wdefault_pbackfail, _IO_wdefault_setbuf, _IO_wdefault_uflow,
_IO_wdefault_xsgetn, _IO_wdefault_xsputn, _IO_wdoallocbuf, _IO_wdo_write,
_IO_wfile_jumps, _IO_wfile_overflow, _IO_wfile_sync, _IO_wfile_underflow,
_IO_wfile_xsputn, _IO_wmarker_delta, or _IO_wsetb may stop working with a
future version of glibc. Unlike other symbol removals, these old
applications will not be supported using compatibility symbols.
* On GNU/Linux, the obsolete Linux constant PTRACE_SEIZE_DEVEL is no longer
defined by <sys/ptrace.h>.
* libm no longer supports SVID error handling (calling a user-provided
matherr function on error) or the _LIB_VERSION variable to control error
handling. (SVID error handling and the _LIB_VERSION variable still work
for binaries linked against older versions of the GNU C Library.) The
libieee.a library is no longer provided. math.h no longer defines struct
exception, or the macros X_TLOSS, DOMAIN, SING, OVERFLOW, UNDERFLOW,
TLOSS, PLOSS and HUGE.
* The libm functions pow10, pow10f and pow10l are no longer supported for
new programs. Programs should use the standard names exp10, exp10f and
exp10l for these functions instead.
* The mcontext_t type is no longer the same as struct sigcontext. On
platforms where it was previously the same, this changes the C++ name
mangling for interfaces involving this type.
* The add-ons mechanism for building additional packages at the same time as
glibc has been removed. The --enable-add-ons configure option is now
ignored.
* The --without-fp configure option is now ignored. Whether hardware
floating-point instructions are used is now configured based on whether
the compiler used at configure time (without any options implied by a
--with-cpu= configure option) uses such instructions.
* The res_hnok, res_dnok, res_mailok and res_ownok functions now check that
the specified string can be parsed as a domain name.
* In the malloc_info output, the <heap> element may contain another <aspace>
element, "subheaps", which contains the number of sub-heaps.
* The libresolv function p_secstodate is no longer supported for new
programs.
* The tilepro-*-linux-gnu configuration is no longer supported.
* The nonstandard header files <libio.h> and <_G_config.h> are deprecated
and will be removed in a future release. Software that is still using
either header should be updated to use standard <stdio.h> interfaces
instead.
libio.h was originally the header for a set of supported GNU extensions,
but they have not been maintained as such in many years, they are now
standing in the way of improvements to stdio, and we don't think there are
any remaining external users. _G_config.h was never intended for public
use, but predates the bits convention.
Changes to build and runtime requirements:
* bison version 2.7 or later is required to generate code in the 'intl'
subdirectory.
Security related changes:
CVE-2009-5064: The ldd script would sometimes run the program under
examination directly, without preventing code execution through the
dynamic linker. (The glibc project disputes that this is a security
vulnerability; only trusted binaries must be examined using the ldd
script.)
CVE-2017-15670: The glob function, when invoked with GLOB_TILDE,
suffered from a one-byte overflow during ~ operator processing (either
on the stack or the heap, depending on the length of the user name).
Reported by Tim Rühsen.
CVE-2017-15671: The glob function, when invoked with GLOB_TILDE,
would sometimes fail to free memory allocated during ~ operator
processing, leading to a memory leak and, potentially, to a denial
of service.
CVE-2017-15804: The glob function, when invoked with GLOB_TILDE and
without GLOB_NOESCAPE, could write past the end of a buffer while
unescaping user names. Reported by Tim Rühsen.
CVE-2017-17426: The malloc function, when called with an object size near
the value SIZE_MAX, would return a pointer to a buffer which is too small,
instead of NULL. This was a regression introduced with the new malloc
thread cache in glibc 2.26. Reported by Iain Buclaw.
CVE-2017-1000408: Incorrect array size computation in _dl_init_paths leads
to the allocation of too much memory. (This is not a security bug per se,
it is mentioned here only because of the CVE assignment.) Reported by
Qualys.
CVE-2017-1000409: Buffer overflow in _dl_init_paths due to miscomputation
of the number of search path components. (This is not a security
vulnerability per se because no trust boundary is crossed if the fix for
CVE-2017-1000366 has been applied, but it is mentioned here only because
of the CVE assignment.) Reported by Qualys.
CVE-2017-16997: Incorrect handling of RPATH or RUNPATH containing $ORIGIN
for AT_SECURE or SUID binaries could be used to load libraries from the
current directory.
CVE-2018-1000001: Buffer underflow in realpath function when getcwd function