H-3380, H-3381: Improve error handling and data type ID inference

[TimDiekmann]

🌟 What is the purpose of this PR?

We want to infer the data type if the schema is requesting exactly one possible data type and it's not abstract. Also, the errors reported from validation should include more information on what property/data type has failed to validate.

🔍 What does this change?

• Lift constraints on data type inference:
  • All potential data type IDs must be non-abstract
  • Exactly one data type ID needs to be allowed for a property
    This should cover almost every scenario we currently encounter
• Improve error layout and attachments on validation errors
• A few more locations make sure that the ReportSink-bomb is defused.

Pre-Merge Checklist 🚀

🚢 Has this modified a publishable library?

This PR:

• does not modify any publishable blocks or libraries, or modifications do not need publishing

📜 Does this require a change to the docs?

The changes in this PR:

• are internal and do not require a docs change

🕸️ Does this require a change to the Turbo Graph?

The changes in this PR:

• do not affect the execution graph

[github-actions]

Benchmark results

@rust/graph-benches – Integrations

representative_read_multiple_entities

Function	Value	Mean	Flame graphs
entity_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=2, ET=2, E=2	$$55.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 346 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-2.916 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=0, ET=2, E=2	$$50.9 \mathrm{ms} \pm 222 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-5.302 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=0, ET=0, E=2	$$44.9 \mathrm{ms} \pm 186 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-3.325 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_property	depths: DT=255, PT=255, ET=255, E=255	$$67.0 \mathrm{ms} \pm 437 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}0.384 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_property	depths: DT=2, PT=2, ET=2, E=2	$$59.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 376 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-2.654 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=0, ET=0, E=0	$$40.8 \mathrm{ms} \pm 265 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-4.273 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
link_by_source_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=2, ET=2, E=2	$$94.1 \mathrm{ms} \pm 633 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-0.075 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
link_by_source_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=0, ET=2, E=2	$$91.9 \mathrm{ms} \pm 501 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}1.36 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
link_by_source_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=0, ET=0, E=2	$$79.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 407 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}0.713 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
link_by_source_by_property	depths: DT=255, PT=255, ET=255, E=255	$$107 \mathrm{ms} \pm 643 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}0.049 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
link_by_source_by_property	depths: DT=2, PT=2, ET=2, E=2	$$99.2 \mathrm{ms} \pm 485 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}0.377 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
link_by_source_by_property	depths: DT=0, PT=0, ET=0, E=0	$$42.0 \mathrm{ms} \pm 240 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-2.380 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph

representative_read_entity

Function	Value	Mean	Flame graphs
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/person/v/1	$$16.2 \mathrm{ms} \pm 179 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-31.521 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/page/v/2	$$16.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 188 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-1.140 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/song/v/1	$$15.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 171 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-36.911 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/playlist/v/1	$$16.0 \mathrm{ms} \pm 182 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-9.301 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/block/v/1	$$17.3 \mathrm{ms} \pm 239 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-4.152 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/organization/v/1	$$17.1 \mathrm{ms} \pm 156 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{red}21.0 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/uk-address/v/1	$$16.4 \mathrm{ms} \pm 192 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-34.553 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/book/v/1	$$16.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 202 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-2.701 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	entity type ID: https://blockprotocol.org/@alice/types/entity-type/building/v/1	$$15.5 \mathrm{ms} \pm 211 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-13.226 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph

representative_read_entity_type

Function	Value	Mean	Flame graphs
get_entity_type_by_id	Account ID: d4e16033-c281-4cde-aa35-9085bf2e7579	$$1.40 \mathrm{ms} \pm 3.33 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-2.021 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph

scaling_read_entity_complete_zero_depth

Function	Value	Mean	Flame graphs
entity_by_id	10 entities	$$2.08 \mathrm{ms} \pm 8.15 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}4.92 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	25 entities	$$2.54 \mathrm{ms} \pm 9.86 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-4.259 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	5 entities	$$1.90 \mathrm{ms} \pm 10.7 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-0.034 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	50 entities	$$3.78 \mathrm{ms} \pm 14.0 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-4.578 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	1 entities	$$1.89 \mathrm{ms} \pm 11.9 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}1.34 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph

scaling_read_entity_complete_one_depth

Function	Value	Mean	Flame graphs
entity_by_id	10 entities	$$52.9 \mathrm{ms} \pm 187 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}1.30 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	25 entities	$$74.2 \mathrm{ms} \pm 410 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}1.52 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	5 entities	$$24.8 \mathrm{ms} \pm 152 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-0.269 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	50 entities	$$278 \mathrm{ms} \pm 2.12 \mathrm{ms}\left({\color{lightgreen}-81.478 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	1 entities	$$19.7 \mathrm{ms} \pm 89.2 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-0.753 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph

scaling_read_entity_linkless

Function	Value	Mean	Flame graphs
entity_by_id	10000 entities	$$9.07 \mathrm{ms} \pm 80.2 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-28.068 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	10 entities	$$1.88 \mathrm{ms} \pm 6.94 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}0.842 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	100 entities	$$2.03 \mathrm{ms} \pm 7.31 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}-0.058 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	1000 entities	$$2.75 \mathrm{ms} \pm 10.2 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{lightgreen}-19.391 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph
entity_by_id	1 entities	$$1.87 \mathrm{ms} \pm 7.90 \mathrm{μs}\left({\color{gray}1.43 \mathrm{\%}}\right) $$	Flame Graph