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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="author" content="Matt Makai">
<meta name="description" content="Full Stack Python explains each layer of the web application stack, from the server up through the rendering in a user's browser.">
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<h1>Web Application Security</h1>
<p>Website security must be thought about while building every level of the web
stack. However, this section includes topics that deserve particular
treatment, such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, cross-site
request forgery and usage of public-private keypairs.</p>
<h2>Security open source projects</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.bro.org/">Bro</a> is a network security and traffic monitor.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/marshyski/quick-secure">quick NIX secure script</a> for
securing Linux distributions.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Security resources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) has
<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cheat_Sheets">cheat sheets for security</a>
topics.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This page contains a
<a href="http://dfir.org/?q=node/8/">fantastic currated list of security reading material</a>
from beginning to advanced topics.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If you're having users submit sensitive information to your site you need
to use SSL/TLS. Anything before TLS is now insecure. Check out this
<a href="http://wingolog.org/archives/2014/10/17/ffs-ssl">handy guide</a> that goes
over some of the nuances of the subject.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://gexos.github.io/Hacking-Tools-Repository/">Hacking Tools Repository</a>
is a great list of password cracking, scanning, sniffing and other security
penetration testing tools.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://hynek.me/talks/tls/">The Sorry State of SSL</a> details the
history and evolution of SSL/TLS. There are important differences between
the versions and Hynek explains why TLS should always be used. The
talk prompted work to improve Python's SSL in 2.7.9 based on the upgrades
in Python 3 outlined in
<a href="https://developer.rackspace.com/blog/the-not-so-sorry-state-of-ssl-in-python/">The not-so-sorry state of SSL in Python</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.andrewault.net/2010/05/17/securing-an-ubuntu-server/">Securing an Ubuntu Server</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://joshrendek.com/2013/01/securing-ubuntu/">Securing Ubuntu</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/misc/security_tips.html">Security Tips from Apache</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://erik.io/blog/2013/06/08/a-basic-guide-to-when-and-how-to-deploy-https/">When and How to Deploy HTTPS</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://spenserj.com/blog/2013/07/15/securing-a-linux-server/">Securing a Linux Server</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The EFF has a well written overview on
<a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/11/what-makes-good-security-audit">what makes a good security audit</a>. It's broad but contains some of their behind the
scenes thinking on important considerations with security audits.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/02/securing-your-website-a-tough-job-but-someones-got-to-do-it/">Securing Your Website</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://blog.hartleybrody.com/https-certificates/">How HTTPS Secures Connections: What Every Web Dev Should Know</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://blog.hartleybrody.com/https-certificates/">How HTTPS Secures Connections</a>
is a guide for what HTTPS does and does not secure against.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://www.crypto101.io/">Crypto 101</a> is an introductory course on
cryptography for programmers.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.moserware.com/2009/06/first-few-milliseconds-of-https.html">The first few milliseconds of an HTTPS connection</a>
provides a detailed look at the SSL handshake process that is implemented
by browsers based on the <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2818">RFC 2818</a>
specification.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://getprismatic.com/story/1409447605839">An in-depth analysis of SSH attacks on Amazon EC2</a>
shows how important it is to secure your web servers, especially when they are
hosted in IP address ranges that are commonly scanned by malicious actors.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Web security learning checklist</h2>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Read and understand the major web application security flaws that are
commonly exploited by malicious actors. These include cross-site request
forgery (CSRF), cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection and session
hijacking. The
<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-Top_10">OWASP top 10 web application vulnerabilities list</a>
is a great place to get an overview of these topics.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Determine how the framework you've chosen mitigates these vulnerabilities.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Ensure your code implements the mitigation techniques for your framework. </p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Think like an attacker and actively work to break into your own system. If
you do not have enough experience to confidently break the security consider
hiring a known white hat attacker. Have her break the application's security,
report the easiest vulnerabilities to exploit in your app and help implement
protections against those weaknesses.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Recognize that no system is ever totally secure. However, the more popular
an application becomes the more attractive a target it is to attackers.
Reevaluate your web application security on a frequent basis.</p>
<h3>What topic do you want to learn about next?</h3>
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How can I log events that occur while the app is running?
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<a href="/about-author.html" class="btn btn-success btn-full"><i class="fa fa-user fa-2x"></i></a>
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Who created Full Stack Python?
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<div class="panel-heading"><h3 class="panel-head">Web Application Security</h3></div>
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<a href="/">Full Stack Python</a> is an open book that explains
each Python web application stack layer and provides the
best web resources for those topics.
<hr/>
There's a work-in-progress
<a href="/full-stack-python-map.pdf">subjects map (.pdf)</a>
that visually lays out each chapter in addition to the table of
contents found below.
<hr/>
Need more detailed tutorials and walkthroughs than what is
presented here?
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<hr/>
<a href="http://twitter.com/mattmakai">Matt Makai</a> built
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you can <a href="https://github.com/makaimc">follow Matt</a>
to see the daily changes.
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<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-head">Table of Contents</h3>
</div>
<div class="list-group">
<a href="/introduction.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Introduction</a>
<a href="/web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Frameworks</a>
<a href="/django.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Django</a>
<a href="/flask.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Flask</a>
<a href="/bottle.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Bottle</a>
<a href="/other-web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Other Web Frameworks</a>
<a href="/deployment.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Deployment</a>
<a href="/servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Servers</a>
<a href="/platform-as-a-service.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Platform-as-a-service</a>
<a href="/operating-systems.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Operating Systems</a>
<a href="/web-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Servers</a>
<a href="/wsgi-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">WSGI Servers</a>
<a href="/source-control.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Source Control</a>
<a href="/application-dependencies.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Application Dependencies</a>
<a href="/databases.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Databases</a>
<a href="/no-sql-datastore.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">NoSQL Data Stores</a>
<a href="/web-design.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Design</a>
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