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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="author" content="Matt Makai">
<meta name="description" content="Full Stack Python explains each layer of the web application stack, from the server up through the rendering in a user's browser.">
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<h1>Platform-as-a-service</h1>
<p>A platform-as-a-service (PaaS) provides infrastructure and a software layer
on which a web application is deployed. Running your web application from
a PaaS removes the need to know as much about the underlying servers,
operating system, web server, and often the WSGI server. </p>
<p><em>Note</em>: If you are not interested in deploying to a PaaS you can move
ahead to the <a href="../wsgi-servers.html">WSGI servers</a> section.</p>
<p>The PaaS layer defines how the application accesses resources such as
computing time, files, and external services. The PaaS provides a
higher-level abstraction for working with computing resources than deploying
an application to a server or IaaS.</p>
<p>A PaaS makes deployment and operations easier because it forces the developer
to conform applications to the PaaS architecture. For example, Heroku looks
for Python's requirements.txt file in the base directory of the repository
during deployment because that is the file's de facto community standard
location.</p>
<p><img src="theme/img/servers-versus-paas.png" width="100%" alt="Traditional LAMP server stack versus a Platform-as-a-Service stack" class="technical-diagram" /></p>
<p>If you go the PaaS route, you can skip configuring an operating system
and web server prebaked into PaaS offerings. PaaS offerings generally start
at the WSGI server layer. </p>
<h2>Platform-as-a-service responsibilities</h2>
<p>Although PaaS offerings simplify setting up and maintaining the servers,
operating system, and web server, developers still have responsibilities for other
layers of their web stack.</p>
<p>While it's useful to know the operating system that underpins your PaaS, for
example Heroku uses Ubuntu 10.04, you will not have to know as much about
securing the operating system and server level. However, web applications deployed
to a PaaS are just as vulnerable to security breaches at the application level
as a standard LAMP stack. It's still your responsibility to ensure the web
application framework and your app itself is up to date and secured. See the
<a href="../web-application-security.html">security section</a> for further information.</p>
<h2>Platforms-as-a-service that support Python</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.heroku.com/">Heroku</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://developers.google.com/appengine/">Google App Engine</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://gondor.io/">Gondor</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://www.pythonanywhere.com/">PythonAnywhere</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://openshift.redhat.com/community/get-started/python>">OpenShift</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/">AWS Elastic Beanstalk</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Platform-as-a-service resources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://appsembler.com/blog/paas-bakeoff-comparing-stackato-openshift-dotcloud-and-heroku-for-django-hosting-and-deployment/">PaaS bakeoff: Comparing Stackato, OpenShift, Dotcloud and Heroku for Django hosting and deployment</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/natea">Nate Aune</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.rdegges.com/deploying-django/">Deploying Django</a> by
Randall Degges is another great free resource about Heroku.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Heroku's
<a href="https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/getting-started-with-python">Python deployment documentation</a>
provides clear examples for how to work with virtualenv, pip and
requirementst.txt to get a applications deployed to their platform.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Miguel Grinberg's Flask tutorial contains an entire post on deploying
<a href="http://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/the-flask-mega-tutorial-part-xviii-deployment-on-the-heroku-cloud">Flask applications to Heroku</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This series on DevOps Django by
<a href="https://twitter.com/rdegges">Randall Degges</a> is great reading for
using the Heroku service:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.rdegges.com/devops-django-part-1-goals/">Part One: Goals</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.rdegges.com/devops-django-part-2-the-pain-of-deployment/">Part Two: The Pain of Deployment</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.rdegges.com/devops-django-part-3-the-heroku-way/">Part Three: The Heroku Way</a></li>
<li><a href="http://rdegges.com/devops-django-part-4-choosing-heroku">Part Four: Choosing Heroku</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Platform-as-a-service learning checklist</h2>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Review the potential Python platform-as-a-service options above and on their
websites.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Sign up for a PaaS account at the provider that appears to best fit your
application needs. Heroku is the PaaS option recommended for starters due to
their detailed documentation and walkthroughs available on the web. However,
the other options are perfectly viable since their purpose is to make deploying
applications as easy as possible.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Check if there are any PaaS-specific configuration files needed for your app
to run properly on the PaaS after it is deployed.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Deploy your app to the PaaS. </p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Sync your application's configuration with the database.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Set up a content delivery network for your application's
<a href="/static-content.html">static content</a> unless your PaaS provider already
handles this deployment step for you.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Check if the application's functionality is working and tweak as necessary.</p>
<h3>Do you want to use a PaaS or deploy to a traditional server?</h3>
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How do I set up a database for use with my app?
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<div class="panel-heading"><h3 class="panel-head">Platform-as-a-service</h3></div>
<div class="panel-body">
<a href="/">Full Stack Python</a> is an open book that explains
each Python web application stack layer and provides the
best web resources for those topics.
<hr/>
There's a work-in-progress
<a href="/full-stack-python-map.pdf">subjects map (.pdf)</a>
that visually lays out each chapter in addition to the table of
contents found below.
<hr/>
Need more detailed tutorials and walkthroughs than what is
presented here?
<a href="/email.html">Sign up for an email alert when that content is created.</a>
<hr/>
<a href="http://twitter.com/mattmakai">Matt Makai</a> built
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to see the daily changes.
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<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-head">Table of Contents</h3>
</div>
<div class="list-group">
<a href="/introduction.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Introduction</a>
<a href="/web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Frameworks</a>
<a href="/django.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Django</a>
<a href="/flask.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Flask</a>
<a href="/bottle.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Bottle</a>
<a href="/other-web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Other Web Frameworks</a>
<a href="/deployment.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Deployment</a>
<a href="/servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Servers</a>
<a href="/platform-as-a-service.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item active">Platform-as-a-service</a>
<a href="/operating-systems.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Operating Systems</a>
<a href="/web-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Servers</a>
<a href="/wsgi-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">WSGI Servers</a>
<a href="/source-control.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Source Control</a>
<a href="/application-dependencies.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Application Dependencies</a>
<a href="/databases.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Databases</a>
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