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English Version

题目描述

动物收容所。有家动物收容所只收容狗与猫,且严格遵守“先进先出”的原则。在收养该收容所的动物时,收养人只能收养所有动物中“最老”(由其进入收容所的时间长短而定)的动物,或者可以挑选猫或狗(同时必须收养此类动物中“最老”的)。换言之,收养人不能自由挑选想收养的对象。请创建适用于这个系统的数据结构,实现各种操作方法,比如enqueuedequeueAnydequeueDogdequeueCat。允许使用Java内置的LinkedList数据结构。

enqueue方法有一个animal参数,animal[0]代表动物编号,animal[1]代表动物种类,其中 0 代表猫,1 代表狗。

dequeue*方法返回一个列表[动物编号, 动物种类],若没有可以收养的动物,则返回[-1,-1]

示例1:

 输入:
["AnimalShelf", "enqueue", "enqueue", "dequeueCat", "dequeueDog", "dequeueAny"]
[[], [[0, 0]], [[1, 0]], [], [], []]
 输出:
[null,null,null,[0,0],[-1,-1],[1,0]]

示例2:

 输入:
["AnimalShelf", "enqueue", "enqueue", "enqueue", "dequeueDog", "dequeueCat", "dequeueAny"]
[[], [[0, 0]], [[1, 0]], [[2, 1]], [], [], []]
 输出:
[null,null,null,null,[2,1],[0,0],[1,0]]

说明:

  1. 收纳所的最大容量为20000

解法

双队列存储。

Python3

class AnimalShelf:

    def __init__(self):
        self.cats = []
        self.dogs = []

    def enqueue(self, animal: List[int]) -> None:
        if animal[1] == 0:
            self.cats.insert(0, animal[0])
        else:
            self.dogs.insert(0, animal[0])

    def dequeueAny(self) -> List[int]:
        if len(self.dogs) == 0: return self.dequeueCat()
        if len(self.cats) == 0: return self.dequeueDog()
        return self.dequeueDog() if self.dogs[-1] < self.cats[-1] else self.dequeueCat()

    def dequeueDog(self) -> List[int]:
        return [-1, -1] if len(self.dogs) == 0 else [self.dogs.pop(), 1]

    def dequeueCat(self) -> List[int]:
        return [-1, -1] if len(self.cats) == 0 else [self.cats.pop(), 0]


# Your AnimalShelf object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = AnimalShelf()
# obj.enqueue(animal)
# param_2 = obj.dequeueAny()
# param_3 = obj.dequeueDog()
# param_4 = obj.dequeueCat()

Java

class AnimalShelf {
    Queue<Integer> cats;
    Queue<Integer> dogs;
    public AnimalShelf() {
        cats = new LinkedList<>();
        dogs = new LinkedList<>();
    }

    public void enqueue(int[] animal) {
        if (animal[1] == 0) {
            cats.offer(animal[0]);
        } else {
            dogs.offer(animal[0]);
        }
    }

    public int[] dequeueAny() {
        return dogs.isEmpty() ? dequeueCat() : (cats.isEmpty() ? dequeueDog() : (dogs.peek() < cats.peek() ? dequeueDog() : dequeueCat()));
    }

    public int[] dequeueDog() {
        return dogs.isEmpty() ? new int[]{-1, -1} : new int[]{dogs.poll(), 1};
    }

    public int[] dequeueCat() {
        return cats.isEmpty() ? new int[]{-1, -1} : new int[]{cats.poll(), 0};
    }
}

/**
 * Your AnimalShelf object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * AnimalShelf obj = new AnimalShelf();
 * obj.enqueue(animal);
 * int[] param_2 = obj.dequeueAny();
 * int[] param_3 = obj.dequeueDog();
 * int[] param_4 = obj.dequeueCat();
 */

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