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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Document Conventions — Cyrus IMAP 3.10.0 documentation</title>
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<h1>Cyrus IMAP</h1>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Cyrus IMAP</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="download.html">Download</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/release-notes/index.html#older-versions">Older Versions</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/packagers.html#services-in-etc-services">Services in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/services</span></code></a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html">Quickstart Guide</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/quickstart/introduction.html">Introduction to Cyrus IMAP</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/quickstart/introduction.html#what-is-imap">What is IMAP?</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#install-cyrus-package-s">1. Install Cyrus package(s)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#setup-the-cyrus-mail-user-and-group">2. Setup the cyrus:mail user and group</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#setting-up-authentication-with-sasl">3. Setting up authentication with SASL</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#setup-mail-delivery-from-your-mta">4. Setup mail delivery from your MTA</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#protocol-ports">5. Protocol ports</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#configuring-cyrus">6. Configuring Cyrus</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/authentication-sql.html">SQL Authentication</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features.html#mailbox-management">Mailbox Management</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/automatic-creation-of-mailboxes.html">Automatic Creation of Mailboxes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/namespaces.html">Mailbox Namespaces</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/virtual-domains.html">Virtual Domains</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/mailbox-annotations.html">Mailbox Annotations (METADATA)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/mailbox-distribution.html">Mailbox Distribution</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features.html#message-management">Message Management</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/delayed-delete.html">Delayed Delete</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/delayed-expunge.html">Delayed Expunge</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/message-annotations.html">Message Annotations (METADATA)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/duplicate-message-delivery-suppression.html">Duplicate Message Delivery Suppression</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/shared-seen-state.html">Shared Seen State</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/server-side-filtering.html">Server Side Filtering (Sieve)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/event-notifications.html">Event Notifications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features.html#calendar-and-contact-dav-collection-management">Calendar and Contact (DAV) Collection Management</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/caldav-collections.html">CalDAV Collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/dav-components.html">DAV Components</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/dav-collection-mgmt.html">DAV Collection Management</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/carddav.html">CardDAV Support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features.html#storage">Storage</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/mail-spool-partitions.html">Mail Spool Partitions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/mailbox-metadata-partitions.html">Mailbox Metadata Partitions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/archiving.html">Archiving</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/quota.html">Quota</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/single-instance-store.html">Single-Instance Store</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features.html#load-management">Load Management</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/features/server-aggregation.html">Cyrus IMAP Murder (Server Aggregation)</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html">Concepts</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#access-control-lists">Access Control Lists</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#working-with-acls">Working with ACLs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#sample-acl">Sample ACL</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#access-rights">Access Rights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#access-control-defaults">Access Control Defaults</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#access-control-identifier-aci">Access Control Identifier (ACI)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#negative-rights">Negative Rights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#calculating-a-users-rights">Calculating a Users' Rights</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#login-authentication">Login Authentication</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#anonymous-login">Anonymous Login</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#plaintext-authentication">Plaintext Authentication</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#kerberos-logins">Kerberos Logins</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#shared-secrets-logins">Shared Secrets Logins</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#quotas">Quotas</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#working-with-quotas">Working with Quotas</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#monitor-and-repair">Monitor and Repair</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#supported-quota-types">Supported Quota Types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#quota-roots">Quota Roots</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#controlling-quota-behavior">Controlling Quota Behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#mail-delivery-behavior">Mail Delivery Behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#quota-warnings-upon-select-when-user-has-d-rights">Quota Warnings Upon Select When User Has <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">d</span></code> Rights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#quotas-and-partitions">Quotas and Partitions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#new-mail-notification">New Mail Notification</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#partitions">Partitions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#specifying-partitions-with-create">Specifying Partitions with "create"</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#changing-partitions-with-rename">Changing Partitions with "rename"</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#news">News</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#pop3-server">POP3 Server</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#the-syslog-facility">The syslog facility</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#mail-directory-recovery">Mail Directory Recovery</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#reconstructing-mailbox-directories">Reconstructing Mailbox Directories</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#reconstructing-the-mailboxes-file">Reconstructing the Mailboxes File</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#reconstructing-quota-roots">Reconstructing Quota Roots</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#removing-quota-roots">Removing Quota Roots</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#subscriptions">Subscriptions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#configuration-directory">Configuration Directory</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#log-directory">Log Directory</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#proc-directory">Proc Directory</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#message-delivery">Message Delivery</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#local-mail-transfer-protocol-lmtp">Local Mail Transfer Protocol (lmtp)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#single-instance-store">Single Instance Store</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#duplicate-delivery-suppression">Duplicate Delivery Suppression</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#sieve-a-mail-filtering-language">Sieve, a Mail Filtering Language</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/overview_and_concepts.html#cyrus-murder-the-imap-aggregator">Cyrus Murder, the IMAP Aggregator</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="setup.html">Setup</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html">Compiling</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#setting-up-dependencies">Setting up dependencies</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#required-build-dependencies">Required Build Dependencies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#build-dependencies-for-additional-functionality">Build dependencies for additional functionality</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#compile-cyrus">Compile Cyrus</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#default-build-mail-only">Default build: mail only</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#optional-dependencies">Optional dependencies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#compile">Compile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html#check">Check</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html">Installing Cyrus</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#install-cyrus">Install Cyrus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#optional-components">Optional Components</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/installation/manage-dav.html">HTTP modules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/installation/virus.html">Virus Scanner</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#setting-up-syslog">Setting up syslog</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#create-cyrus-environment">Create Cyrus environment</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#set-up-the-cyrus-mail-user-and-group">Set up the cyrus:mail user and group</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#authentication-with-sasl">Authentication with SASL</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#mail-delivery-from-your-mta">Mail delivery from your MTA</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#protocol-ports">Protocol ports</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#cyrus-config-files">Cyrus config files</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#optional-setting-up-tls-certificates">Optional: Setting up TLS certificates</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#prepare-ephemeral-run-time-storage-directories">Prepare ephemeral (run-time) storage directories</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#launch-cyrus">Launch Cyrus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#send-a-test-email">Send a test email</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#checking-carddav-and-caldav">Checking CardDAV and CalDAV</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html">Upgrading to 3.10</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#preparation">1. Preparation</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#versions-to-upgrade-from">Versions to upgrade from</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#installation-from-tarball">Installation from tarball</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#storage-changes">Storage changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#jmap-caldav-changes">JMAP/CalDAV changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#sieve-changes">Sieve changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#master-pid-and-master-ready-files">master.pid and master.ready files</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#pcre2-support">PCRE2 support</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#cyrus-backups-feature-is-deprecated-as-of-3-10">Cyrus Backups feature is deprecated as of 3.10</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#how-are-you-planning-on-upgrading">How are you planning on upgrading?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#do-what-as-who">Do What As Who?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#install-new-3-10-cyrus">2. Install new 3.10 Cyrus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#shut-down-existing-cyrus">3. Shut down existing Cyrus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#backup-and-copy-existing-data">4. Backup and Copy existing data</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#copy-config-files-and-update">5. Copy config files and update</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#upgrade-specific-items">6. Upgrade specific items</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#start-new-3-10-cyrus-and-verify">7. Start new 3.10 Cyrus and verify</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#reconstruct-databases-and-cache">8. Reconstruct databases and cache</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#do-you-want-any-new-features">9. Do you want any new features?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#upgrade-complete">10. Upgrade complete</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/download/upgrade.html#special-note-for-murder-configurations">Special note for Murder configurations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment.html">Configuration Guide</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html">Deployment Scenarios</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#single-server-deployments">Single Server Deployments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#multi-server-deployments">Multi Server Deployments</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#cyrus-murder-server-aggregation">Cyrus Murder: Server aggregation</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#the-discrete-murder">The Discrete Murder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#the-unified-murder">The Unified Murder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#the-shared-murder">The Shared Murder</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#cyrus-replication">Cyrus Replication</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/deployment_scenarios.html#hosted-environments">Hosted Environments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/databases.html">Databases</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/databases.html#overview">Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/databases.html#file-list">File list</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/databases.html#storage-types">Storage types</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html">Mailbox Creation Distribution</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#selection-mode">Selection Mode</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#special-cases">Special cases</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#partitions-exclusion">Partitions Exclusion</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#partitions-usage-data-reset">Partitions Usage Data Reset</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#mailbox-creation-distribution-through-murder-frontend">Mailbox Creation Distribution Through <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">murder</span> <span class="pre">frontend</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#backends-exclusion">Backends Exclusion</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/mailbox_creation_distribution.html#backends-usage-data-reset">Backends Usage Data Reset</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/known_protocol_limitations.html">Known Protocol Limitations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/known_protocol_limitations.html#pop3-and-mailbox-locking">POP3 and Mailbox Locking</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/known_protocol_limitations.html#cyrus-imap-pop3-implementation">Cyrus IMAP POP3 Implementation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/authentication_and_authorization.html">Authentication and Authorization</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/authentication_and_authorization.html#client-authentication">Client Authentication</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/authentication_and_authorization.html#users-and-mailboxes">Users and Mailboxes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/performance_recommendations.html">Performance Recommendations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/performance_recommendations.html#databases-on-temporary-filesystems">Databases on Temporary Filesystems</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/performance_recommendations.html#certificates">Certificates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html">Storage Considerations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#general-notes-on-storage">General Notes on Storage</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#redundancy">Redundancy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#availability">Availability</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#performance">Performance</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#scalability">Scalability</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#capacity">Capacity</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/storage.html#cost">Cost</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/supported-platforms.html">Supported Platforms and System Requirements</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/supported-platforms.html#building-cyrus-imap">Building Cyrus IMAP</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/supported-platforms.html#required-software-components">Required Software Components</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/supported-platforms.html#recommended-software-components">Recommended Software Components</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/concepts/deployment/supported-platforms.html#recommended-software-components-enabled-by-default">Recommended Software Components Enabled by Default</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="operations.html">Operations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/index.html">Man pages</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/index.html#configuration-files">(5) Configuration Files</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/configs/cyrus.conf.html"><strong>cyrus.conf</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/configs/imapd.conf.html"><strong>imapd.conf</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/configs/krb.equiv.html"><strong>krb.equiv</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/index.html#system-commands">(8) System Commands</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/arbitron.html"><strong>arbitron</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/backupd.html"><strong>backupd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/chk_cyrus.html"><strong>chk_cyrus</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ctl_backups.html"><strong>ctl_backups</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ctl_conversationsdb.html"><strong>ctl_conversationsdb</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ctl_cyrusdb.html"><strong>ctl_cyrusdb</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ctl_deliver.html"><strong>ctl_deliver</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ctl_mboxlist.html"><strong>ctl_mboxlist</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ctl_zoneinfo.html"><strong>ctl_zoneinfo</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cvt_cyrusdb.html"><strong>cvt_cyrusdb</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cvt_xlist_specialuse.html"><strong>cvt_xlist_specialuse</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_backup.html"><strong>cyr_backup</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_buildinfo.html"><strong>cyr_buildinfo</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_dbtool.html"><strong>cyr_dbtool</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_deny.html"><strong>cyr_deny</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_df.html"><strong>cyr_df</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_expire.html"><strong>cyr_expire</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_info.html"><strong>cyr_info</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_ls.html"><strong>cyr_ls</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_synclog.html"><strong>cyr_synclog</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_userseen.html"><strong>cyr_userseen</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyr_virusscan.html"><strong>cyr_virusscan</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyradm.html"><strong>cyradm</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/cyrdump.html"><strong>cyrdump</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/deliver.html"><strong>deliver</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/fetchnews.html"><strong>fetchnews</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/fud.html"><strong>fud</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/httpd.html"><strong>httpd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/idled.html"><strong>idled</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/imapd.html"><strong>imapd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ipurge.html"><strong>ipurge</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/lmtpd.html"><strong>lmtpd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/lmtpproxyd.html"><strong>lmtpproxyd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/masssievec.html"><strong>masssievec</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/master.html"><strong>master</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/mbexamine.html"><strong>mbexamine</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/mbpath.html"><strong>mbpath</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/mbtool.html"><strong>mbtool</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/mkimap.html"><strong>mkimap</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/mknewsgroups.html"><strong>mknewsgroups</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/mupdate.html"><strong>mupdate</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/nntpd.html"><strong>nntpd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/notifyd.html"><strong>notifyd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/pop3d.html"><strong>pop3d</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/pop3proxyd.html"><strong>pop3proxyd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/promstatsd.html"><strong>promstatsd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/proxyd.html"><strong>proxyd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ptdump.html"><strong>ptdump</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ptexpire.html"><strong>ptexpire</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/ptloader.html"><strong>ptloader</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/quota.html"><strong>quota</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/reconstruct.html"><strong>reconstruct</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/rehash.html"><strong>rehash</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/relocate_by_id.html"><strong>relocate_by_id</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/restore.html"><strong>restore</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/sievec.html"><strong>sievec</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/sieved.html"><strong>sieved</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/smmapd.html"><strong>smmapd</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/squatter.html"><strong>squatter</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/sync_client.html"><strong>sync_client</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/sync_reset.html"><strong>sync_reset</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/sync_server.html"><strong>sync_server</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/timsieved.html"><strong>timsieved</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/tls_prune.html"><strong>tls_prune</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/translatesieve.html"><strong>translatesieve</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/systemcommands/unexpunge.html"><strong>unexpunge</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/index.html#user-commands">(1) User Commands</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/arbitronsort.pl.html"><strong>arbitronsort.pl</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/dav_reconstruct.html"><strong>dav_reconstruct</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/httptest.html"><strong>httptest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/imtest.html"><strong>imtest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/installsieve.html"><strong>installsieve</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/lmtptest.html"><strong>lmtptest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/mupdatetest.html"><strong>mupdatetest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/nntptest.html"><strong>nntptest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/pop3test.html"><strong>pop3test</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/sieveshell.html"><strong>sieveshell</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/sivtest.html"><strong>sivtest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/smtptest.html"><strong>smtptest</strong></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/manpages/usercommands/synctest.html"><strong>synctest</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin.html">Administrator Guide</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin.html#architecture">Architecture</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/architecture.html">System Architecture</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin.html#management">Management</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/locations.html">File & Directory Locations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/ports-sockets.html">Ports and Sockets</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/access-control.html">Access Control</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/quotas.html">Quotas</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/sieve.html">Cyrus Sieve</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/backups.html">Cyrus Backups</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/nntp.html">Cyrus NNTP</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/protlayer.html">Cyrus Prot Layer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/sop.html">Standard Operating Procedures</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/eventsource.html">Cyrus Event Source</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/monitoring.html">Monitoring</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/config-mailboxdistribution.html">Mailbox Distribution</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/murder/murder.html">Cyrus Murder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/nginx-proxy.html">HOWTO: Using an NGINX IMAP Proxy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/admin/tweaking.html">Tweaking Cyrus IMAP</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faq.html#features">Features</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/feature-database-backend.html">Which database backend should I use for which databases?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/feature-duplicate-delivery.html">Duplicate Delivery Suppression</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faq.html#installation-problems">Installation Problems</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/install-compilationerrors.html">Compilation errors about kssl.h and krb5.h on Red Hat Linux/Fedora</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/install-install-help.html">Help! There must be an easier way to get all this going...</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/install-linkerwarnings.html">OpenSSL Version Mismatches</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faq.html#common-feature-requests">Common Feature Requests</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/r-murder-ha.html">Does the Cyrus Murder support High Availability configurations?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/r-pop3-logging.html">Can I configure pop3d to log amount and size of messages fetched by user?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/r-publicssharedfolders.html">How can I make CyrusSieve work with public shared folders?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/r-subfolders.html">Can I have subfolders not appear under INBOX?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faq.html#common-operational-questions">Common Operational Questions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-acls.html">How do I view ACLs on a mailbox?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-annotations.html">What annotations are available?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-configdir-tempfs.html">Is it safe to put <configdirectory>/proc and <configdirectory>/lock on a tmpfs filesystem?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-coredump.html">How to enable core dumps</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-delete-mailbox.html">Why can I not delete a mailbox as an admin user?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-deleted-expired-expunged-purged.html">When is What ... Deleted, Expired, Expunged or Purged?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-deliverdb-size.html">Why is deliver.db so large?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-freezes.html">I have multiple imapd-SERVICES configured and experience occasional freezes when I try to log in!</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-gdb.html">How to run gdb on Cyrus components</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-mailbox-doesnotexist.html">Cyrus delivers claims that the mailbox does not exist</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-mixedcase.html">Why is mail being rejected with No Mailbox found due to MiXed CaSe incoming e-mail?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-otherdatabases.html">Can I use MySQL (or another SQL database) as the primary mail store?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-pop3slow.html">Why do POP3 connections take so long, but once the connection is established all is well?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-reconstruct.html">Why does reconstruct -m not work?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-sharedfilesystem-gpfs.html">Shared File Systems GPFS for high availability</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-telemetry.html">How to enable telemetry</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-toomanyprocesses.html">The process count keeps growing!</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-unable-join-environment.html">"unable to join environment" error</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/o-vacation-mailfrom.html">Why does Cyrus set the MAIL FROM address of the sender of vacation responses to '<>'?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faq.html#common-interoperability-problems">Common Interoperability Problems</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/interop-8bit.html">Why does Cyrus reject 8-bit characters in the headers of my messages?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/interop-barenewlines.html">Why does Cyrus reject messages with "bare newlines"?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/interop-sieve-exim.html">How do I get Cyrus Sieve to play nice with Exim?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/reference/faqs/interop-slow-delivery.html">Why does mail delivery go slow or hang sometimes?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="developers.html">Developers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="contribute.html">We need your help</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html">Contribute docs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#overview">Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#documentation-tools">Documentation Tools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#building-the-files">Building the files</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#submitting-updates">Submitting updates</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#using-github-pull-requests">Using GitHub pull requests</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#patches-through-the-mailing-list">Patches through the mailing list</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#special-tags">Special Tags</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#rfc">rfc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#cyrusman">cyrusman</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#imap-current-stable-version">imap_current_stable_version</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#conventions-man-pages">Conventions: Man Pages</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#synopsis">Synopsis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/documentation.html#examples">Examples</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer.html">Contribute code and tests</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer.html#getting-started">Getting Started</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/process.html">Development Process</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/overview.html">Overview of Cyrus development environment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/github-guide.html">GitHub guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/compiling.html">Compiling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/installing.html">Installing Cyrus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/developer-testing.html">Developer Test Environment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/coverage.html">Test Coverage</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/jmap.html">JMAP support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer.html#system-files-and-databases">System files and Databases</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/namespaces.html">Namespaces: a developer view</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer.html#resources">Resources</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/libraries.html">Developer Libraries</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer.html#releasing">Releasing</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/releasing.html">Releasing Cyrus IMAP - normal releases</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/major-releasing.html">Releasing Cyrus IMAP - major releases</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/snapshot-releasing.html">Releasing Cyrus IMAP - developer snapshots</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/ancient-releasing.html">Releasing new builds of ancient Cyrus IMAP versions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/cyrusworks.html">Cyrus.Works</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/cyrusworks.html#about-cyrus-works">About Cyrus Works</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/cyrusworks.html#how-it-works">How it works</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="developers.html#cyrus-internals">Cyrus Internals</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/API.html">Cyrus APIs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/API/cyrusdb.html">CyrusDB API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/API/cyrusdb2.html">cyrusdb API</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/thoughts/bytecode.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Sieve Bytecode</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/thoughts/caldav_scheduling_flowchart.html">Cyrus CalDAV Scheduling Flowchart</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/thoughts/improved_mboxlist_sort.html">Enabling improved_mboxlist_sort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/thoughts/notes.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Notes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/thoughts/prot-events.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Prot Events</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance.html">Guidance for Developers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/hacking.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Hacking</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/internationalization.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Internationalization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/locking.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Locking</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/mailbox-format.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Mailbox File Formats</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/namelocks.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Namelocks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/prot.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: prot layer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/replication_examples.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Replication Examples</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/replication_protocol.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Replication Protocol v2.4+</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/special_chars.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: Special Characters</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/guidance/var_directory_structure.html">Cyrus IMAP Server: var directory structure</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#table-of-contents">Table of Contents</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#introduction">1. Introduction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#what-is-a-unit-test">2. What Is A Unit Test?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#running-the-tests">3. Running The Tests</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#debugging-a-test">3.6 Debugging A Test</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#adding-your-own-tests">4. Adding Your Own Tests</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#where-to-put-your-tests">4.1 Where To Put Your Tests</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#adding-a-new-suite">4.1 Adding A New Suite</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#adding-a-test-to-a-suite">4.2 Adding A Test To A Suite</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="imap/developer/unit-tests.html#suite-setup-and-teardown">4.3 Suite Setup And Teardown</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/what_is_cyrus.html">What is Cyrus</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/what_is_cyrus.html#what-is-cyrus">What is Cyrus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/what_is_cyrus.html#what-is-imap">What is IMAP?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/what_is_cyrus.html#imap-version-4-imap4">IMAP Version 4 (IMAP4)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/what_is_cyrus.html#mime">Mime</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/who_is_cyrus.html">Who Is Cyrus</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/who_is_cyrus.html#individual-contributors-and-past-contributors">Individual contributors and past contributors</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_roadmap.html#high-level-roadmap">High Level Roadmap</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_history.html">Cyrus History</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html">Cyrus Bylaws</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html#i-the-cyrus-governance-board">I. The Cyrus Governance Board</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html#ii-the-cyrus-core-developers-group">II. The Cyrus Core Developers Group</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html#iii-the-release-engineer">III. The Release Engineer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html#iv-the-cyrus-roadmap">IV. The Cyrus Roadmap</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html#v-development-process">V. Development Process</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/cyrus_bylaws.html#vi-changes-to-the-bylaws">VI. Changes to the Bylaws</a></li>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Cyrus SASL</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="http://www.cyrusimap.org/sasl">Cyrus SASL</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="document-conventions">
<h1>Document Conventions<a class="headerlink" href="#document-conventions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>This manual uses several conventions to highlight certain words and phrases and draw attention to specific pieces of information.</p>
<div class="section" id="typographic-conventions">
<h2>Typographic Conventions<a class="headerlink" href="#typographic-conventions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="mono-spaced-with-non-white-background">
<h3>Mono-spaced with non-white background<a class="headerlink" href="#mono-spaced-with-non-white-background" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Used to highlight system input, including shell commands, file names and paths. Also used to highlight keycaps and key combinations. For example:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>To see the contents of the file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">my_next_bestselling_novel</span></code> in your current working directory, enter the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cat</span> <span class="pre">my_next_bestselling_novel</span></code> command at the shell prompt and press <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Enter</span></code> to execute the command.</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p>The above includes a filename, a shell command and a keycap, all present in mono-spaced type and all distinguishable thanks to context.</p>
<p>Key combinations can be distinguished from keycaps by the hyphen connecting each part of a key combinations. For example:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>Press <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Enter</span></code> to execute the command.</p>
<p>Press <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ctrl-Alt-F2</span></code> to switch to the first virtual terminal. Press <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ctrl-Alt-F1</span></code> to return to your X-Windows session.</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p>The first paragraph highlights the particular keycap to press. The second highlights two key combinations (each a set of three keycaps with each set pressed simultaneously).</p>
<p>If source code is discussed, class names, methods, functions, variable names and returned values mentioned within a paragraph will be presented as above, in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mono-spaced</span> <span class="pre">type</span></code>. For example:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>File-related classes include <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">filesystem</span></code> for file systems, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">file</span></code> for files, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dir</span></code> for directories. Each class has its own associated set of permissions.</p>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="proportional-bold">
<h3>Proportional Bold<a class="headerlink" href="#proportional-bold" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>This denotes words or phrases encountered on a system, including application names; dialog box text; labelled buttons; check-box and radio button labels; menu titles and sub-menu titles. For example:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>Choose <strong>System</strong> -> <strong>Preferences</strong> -> <strong>Mouse</strong> from the main menu bar to launch <strong>Mouse Preferences</strong>. In the <strong>Buttons</strong> tab, click the <strong>Left-handed mouse</strong> check box and click <strong>Close</strong> to switch the primary mouse button from the left to the right (making the mouse suitable for use in the left hand).</p>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="italic">
<h3>Italic<a class="headerlink" href="#italic" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The addition of italics indicates replaceable or variable text. Italics denotes text you do not input literally or displayed text that changes depending on circumstance. For example:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>To connect to a remote machine using ssh, type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssh</span> <span class="pre">*username@domain.name*</span></code> at a shell prompt. If the remote machine is <strong>example.com</strong> and your username on that machine is <strong>john</strong>, type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssh</span> <span class="pre">john@example.com</span></code></p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount</span> <span class="pre">-o</span> <span class="pre">remount</span> <span class="pre">*file-system*</span></code> command remounts the named file system. For example, to remount the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/home</span></code> file system, the command is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount</span> <span class="pre">-o</span> <span class="pre">remount</span> <span class="pre">/home</span></code>.</p>
<p>To see the version of a currently installed package, use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rpm</span> <span class="pre">-q</span> <span class="pre">*package*</span></code> command. It will return a result as follows: <em>package-version-release</em>.</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p>Note the words in bold italics above — username, domain.name, file-system, package, version and release. Each word is a placeholder, either for text you enter when issuing a command or for text displayed by the system.</p>
<p>Aside from standard usage for presenting the title of a work, italics denotes the first use of a new and important term. For example:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>Publican is a <em>DocBook</em> publishing system.</p>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="pull-quote-conventions">
<h2>Pull-quote Conventions<a class="headerlink" href="#pull-quote-conventions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Terminal output and source code listings are set off visually from the surrounding text.</p>
<p>Output sent to a terminal is presented thus:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">books</span> <span class="n">Desktop</span> <span class="n">documentation</span> <span class="n">drafts</span> <span class="n">mss</span> <span class="n">photos</span> <span class="n">stuff</span> <span class="n">svn</span>
<span class="n">books_tests</span> <span class="n">Desktop1</span> <span class="n">downloads</span> <span class="n">images</span> <span class="n">notes</span> <span class="n">scripts</span> <span class="n">svgs</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Source-code listings are also presented this way but may add syntax highlighting.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="notes-and-warnings">
<h2>Notes and Warnings<a class="headerlink" href="#notes-and-warnings" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Finally, we use three visual styles to draw attention to information that might otherwise be overlooked.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Notes are tips, shortcuts, or alternative approaches to the task at hand. Ignoring a note should have no negative consequences, but you might miss out on a trick that makes your life easier.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition important">
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
<p>Important boxes detail things that are easily missed: configuration changes that only apply to the current session, or services that need restarting before an update will apply. Ignoring a box labelled 'Important' will not cause data loss but may cause irritation and frustration.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Warnings should not be ignored. Ignoring warnings will most likely cause data loss.</p>
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