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get_weather.py
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get_weather.py
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# coding=utf-8
import json
import urllib.request
import time
import traceback
from urllib import error
import jieba
# 308个城市及其id
cityidlist = [["北京", [[54511, "北京"]]],
["天津", [[54527, "天津"]]],
["上海", [[58367, "上海"]]],
["重庆", [[57516, "重庆"]]],
["河北", [[53698, "石家庄"], [54534, "唐山"], [54401, "张家口"], [54515, "廊坊"], [53892, "邯郸"], [53798, "邢台"], [54616, "沧州"], [54702, "衡水"], [54602, "保定"], [54449, "秦皇岛"], [54423, "承德"]]],
["山西", [[53772, "太原"], [53782, "阳泉"], [53976, "晋城"], [53776, "晋中"], [53868, "临汾"], [53959, "运城"], [53882, "长治"], [53578, "朔州"], [53674, "忻州"], [53487, "大同"]]],
["内蒙古", [[53463, "呼和浩特"], [53446, "包头"], [54218, "赤峰"], [54102, "锡林浩特"], [53512, "乌海"], [53543, "鄂尔多斯"]]],
["辽宁", [[54342, "沈阳"], [54453, "葫芦岛"], [54346, "本溪"], [54324, "朝阳"], [54351, "抚顺"], [54249, "铁岭"], [54347, "辽阳"], [54471, "营口"], [54237, "阜新"], [54337, "锦州"], [54339, "鞍山"], [54497, "丹东"], [54662, "大连"]]], ["吉林", [[54161, "长春"], [54292, "延边"], [54172, "吉林市"], [54371, "白山"], [50936, "白城"], [54157, "四平"], [50946, "松原"], [54260, "辽源"]]],
["黑龙江", [[50953, "哈尔滨"], [54094, "牡丹江"], [50745, "齐齐哈尔"], [50854, "大庆"], [50774, "伊春"], [50884, "双鸭山"], [50775, "鹤岗"], [50978, "鸡西"], [50873, "佳木斯"], [50973, "七台河"], [50853, "绥化"], [50468, "黑河"], [50442, "大兴安岭"]]],
["江苏", [[58238, "南京"], [58259, "南通"], [58027, "徐州"], [58346, "宜兴"], [58248, "镇江"], [58145, "楚州"], [58246, "泰州"], [58245, "扬州"], [58343, "常州"], [58044, "连云港"], [58354, "无锡"]]],
["浙江", [[58457, "杭州"], [58450, "湖州"], [58549, "金华"], [58562, "宁波"], [58646, "丽水"], [58453, "绍兴"], [58633, "衢州"], [58452, "嘉兴"], [58660, "台州"], [58477, "舟山"], [58659, "温州"]]],
["安徽", [[58321, "合肥"], [58326, "巢湖"], [58221, "蚌埠"], [58424, "安庆"], [58311, "六安"], [58236, "滁州"], [58336, "马鞍山"], [58203, "阜阳"], [58433, "宣城"], [58429, "铜陵"], [58116, "淮北"], [58334, "芜湖"], [58102, "亳州"], [58122, "宿州"], [58224, "淮南"], [58437, "黄山"]]],
["福建", [[58847, "福州"], [58927, "龙岩"], [58834, "南平"], [58846, "宁德"], [58946, "莆田"], [59131, "泉州"], [58828, "三明"], [59126, "漳州"], [59134, "厦门"]]],
["江西", [[58606, "南昌"], [57786, "萍乡"], [58502, "九江"], [58623, "上饶"], [58627, "鹰潭"], [57793, "宜春"], [57993, "赣州"], [58527, "景德镇"]]],
["山东", [[54823, "济南"], [58024, "枣庄"], [54806, "聊城"], [54918, "曲阜"], [54915, "济宁"], [54938, "临沂"], [54906, "菏泽"], [54827, "泰安"], [54945, "日照"], [54736, "东营"], [54830, "淄博"], [54765, "烟台"], [54843, "潍坊"], [54774, "威海"], [54857, "青岛"]]],
["河南", [[57083, "郑州"], [57091, "开封"], [53898, "安阳"], [53982, "焦作"], [53990, "鹤壁"], [57171, "平顶山"], [58005,"商丘"], [54900, "濮阳"], [57178, "南阳"], [57089, "许昌"], [57297, "信阳"], [57051, "三门峡"], [57290, "驻马店"], [57195, "周口"], [53986, "新乡"], [57073, "洛阳"], [53978, "济源"]]],
["湖北", [[57494, "武汉"], [57498, "黄冈"], [57447, "恩施"], [57476, "荆州"], [57256, "十堰"], [57590, "咸宁"], [57278, "襄樊"], [57482, "孝感"], [57381, "随州"], [58407, "黄石"], [57377, "荆门"], [57496, "鄂州"], [57461, "宜昌"]]],
["湖南", [[57679, "长沙"], [57766, "邵阳"], [57662, "常德"], [57972, "郴州"], [57649, "吉首"], [57780, "株洲"], [57763, "娄底"], [57773, "湘潭"], [57674, "益阳"], [57866, "永州"], [57584, "岳阳"], [57872, "衡阳"], [57749, "怀化"], [57558, "张家界"]]],
["广东", [[59287, "广州"], [59312, "潮州"], [59278, "肇庆"], [59501, "汕尾"], [59293, "河源"], [59082, "韶关"], [59315, "揭阳"], [59117, "梅州"], [59485, "中山"], [59298, "惠州"], [59289, "东莞"], [59280, "清远"], [59476, "江门"], [59659, "茂名"], [59663, "阳江"], [59288, "佛山"], [59658, "湛江"], [59488, "珠海"], [59316, "汕头"], [59493, "深圳"]]],
["广西", [[59432, "南宁"], [59211, "百色"], [59046, "柳州"], [59265, "梧州"], [59453, "玉林"], [59254, "桂平"], [59065, "贺州"], [59632, "钦州"], [59249, "贵港"], [59635, "防城港"], [57957, "桂林"], [59644, "北海"]]],
["海南", [[59758, "海口"], [59845, "儋州"], [59856, "文昌"], [59981, "西沙"], [59948, "三亚"]]],
["四川", [[56294, "成都"], [57508, "泸州"], [57503, "内江"], [56571, "凉山"], [56172, "阿坝"], [57313, "巴中"], [57206, "广元"], [56386, "乐山"], [56196, "绵阳"], [56198, "德阳"], [56666, "攀枝花"], [56287, "雅安"], [56492, "宜宾"], [56396, "自贡"], [56146, "甘孜州"], [57328, "达州"]]],
["贵州", [[57816, "贵阳"], [57806, "安顺"], [57609, "赤水"], [57713, "遵义"], [57741, "铜仁"], [56693, "六盘水"], [57707, "毕节"], [57825, "凯里"], [57827, "都匀"]]],
["云南", [[56778, "昆明"], [56748, "保山"], [56768, "楚雄"], [56844, "德宏"], [56985, "红河"], [56951, "临沧"], [56643, "怒江"], [56964, "思茅"], [56994, "文山"], [56875, "玉溪"], [56586, "昭通"], [56543, "迪庆"], [56651, "丽江"], [56959, "西双版纳"], [56751, "大理"]]],
["西藏", [[55591, "拉萨"], [56137, "昌都"], [55228, "阿里"], [55299, "那曲"], [55578, "日喀则"], [55598, "山南"], [56312, "林芝"]]],
["陕西", [[57036, "西安"], [53955, "韩城"], [57245, "安康"], [57127, "汉中"], [57016, "宝鸡"], [57048, "咸阳"], [53646, "榆林"], [57045, "渭南"], [57143, "商洛"], [53947, "铜川"], [53845, "延安"]]],
["甘肃", [[52889, "兰州"], [52896, "白银"], [53829, "庆阳"], [52533, "酒泉"], [57006, "天水"], [52679, "武威"], [52652, "张掖"], [56080, "甘南"], [52984, "临夏"], [53915, "平凉"], [52995, "定西"]]],
["青海", [[52866, "西宁"], [52853, "海北"], [52856, "海南州"], [52737, "海西"], [52974, "黄南"], [56043, "果洛"], [56029, "玉树"]]],
["宁夏", [[53614, "银川"], [53817, "固原"], [53704, "中卫"]]],
["新疆", [[51463, "乌鲁木齐"], [51076, "阿勒泰"], [51628, "阿克苏"], [51368, "昌吉"], [52203, "哈密"], [51828, "和田"], [51709, "喀什"], [51243, "克拉玛依"], [51356, "石河子"], [51133, "塔城"], [51656, "库尔勒"], [51573, "吐鲁番"], [51431, "伊犁"]]],];
# urllib.request.install_opener(cityidlist)
# 从cityidlist中获取城市和id，构成列表city_id
def try_weather(question):
words = jieba.cut_for_search(question)
weather = Weather()
for word in words:
weather.put(word)
if weather.satisfy():
return weather.get_weather()
return None
class Weather(object):
def __init__(self):
self.city = None
self.trigger = False
def put(self, word):
if word in city_list:
self.city = word
if word == "天气":
self.trigger = True
def satisfy(self):
return self.trigger and self.city is not None
def clear(self):
self.__init__()
def get_weather(self):
if not self.satisfy():
raise ValueError("Weather pre-condition not satisfied")
return get_weather(self.city)
weather = Weather()
city_id = []
for i in cityidlist:
for j in i:
if isinstance(j, list):
for k in j:
city_id.append(k)
# 把城市和id分成两个列表city_list和id_list
id_city = []
for a in city_id:
if isinstance(a, list):
for p in a:
id_city.append(p)
id_list = id_city[::2] # id列表
city_list = id_city[1::2] # 城市列表
# 匹配城市，返回id
def get_city_id(city):
for t in range(len(city_list)):
if city == "".join(city_list[t]):
return id_list[t]
# 模拟成浏览器
headers = {"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Encoding": "gbk,utf-8,gb2312",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0(Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36",
"Connection": "keep-alive"}
opener = urllib.request.build_opener()
head_all = []
for key, value in headers.items():
item = (key, value)
head_all.append(item)
opener.add_headers = head_all
# 安装不同的opener对象作为urlopen()使用的全局opener
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
# 获取天气数据，返回天气数据字典
def get_weather(city):
try:
url = "http://www.nmc.cn/f/rest/real/"+str(get_city_id(city))
stdout = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
weatherInfo = stdout.read().decode("utf-8")
jsonData = json.loads(weatherInfo)
# 添加数据
weather_dict = {'城市：': jsonData["station"]["city"],
'数据更新时间：': jsonData["publish_time"],
'天气：': jsonData["weather"]["info"],
'风向：': jsonData["wind"]["direct"],
'风速：': str(jsonData["wind"]["speed"]) + "m/s",
'实时温度：': str(jsonData["weather"]["temperature"]) + "℃",
'相对湿度：': str(int(jsonData["weather"]["humidity"])) + "%"}
return weather_dict
except error.URLError as e:
print("获取天气状况数据出现URL_ERROR！一分钟后重试……")
if hasattr(e, "code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e, "reason"):
print(e.reason)
time.sleep(60)
# 出现异常则过一段时间重新执行此部分
return get_weather(city)
except Exception as e:
print("获取天气状况数据出现EXCEPTION！十秒钟后重试……")
print("Exception：" + str(e))
traceback.print_exc() # 获得错误行数
time.sleep(10)
# 出现异常则过一段时间重新执行此部分
return get_weather(city)
# 读取城市名称，与city_list中的每一项进行匹配，若匹配成功，输出对应的天气数据字典，否则，再次读取
def print_weather():
while (True):
print("请输入有效天气查询城市：")
str_city = input()
for each in city_list:
if str_city == each:
print(get_weather(str_city))
if __name__ == '__main__':
print_weather()