diff --git a/doc/_static/custom_math/net_import_share.yaml b/doc/_static/custom_math/net_import_share.yaml
index 0b3e87e58..8f0c6604f 100644
--- a/doc/_static/custom_math/net_import_share.yaml
+++ b/doc/_static/custom_math/net_import_share.yaml
@@ -1,37 +1,44 @@
+# Force upper limit on carrier imports within nodes or across all nodes as a share of all carrier flows at a node/across nodes.
+# Imports of transmission technologies are defined by `flow_out` (outflow from a transmission technology that originated in a remote node).
+
 constraints:
   net_import_share_max:
+    description: Limit upper bound on electricity imports within nodes as a share of all electricity flows at each node.
     foreach: [nodes, timesteps]
-    where: "defined(techs=ac_transmission, within=nodes, how=any)"
+    where: "defined(techs=test_transmission_elec, within=nodes, how=any)"
     equations:
-      - expression: net_import_share * sum(flow_in[techs=$transmission_techs, carriers=power], over=techs) <= $total_energy_balance
+      - expression: net_import_share * sum(flow_out[techs=$transmission_techs, carriers=electricity], over=techs) <= $total_energy_balance
     sub_expressions:
       total_energy_balance:
-        - expression: sum(flow_out[carriers=power], over=techs) - sum(flow_in[carriers=power], over=techs)
+        - expression: sum(flow_out[carriers=electricity], over=techs) - sum(flow_in[carriers=electricity], over=techs)
     slices:
       transmission_techs:
-        - expression: get_transmission_techs(ac_transmission)
+        - expression: get_transmission_techs(test_transmission_elec)
 
   net_annual_import_share_max:
+    description: Limit upper bound on annual electricity imports within nodes as a share of all electricity flows at each node.
     foreach: [nodes]
-    where: "defined(techs=ac_transmission, within=nodes, how=any)"
+    where: "defined(techs=test_transmission_elec, within=nodes, how=any)"
     equations:
-      - expression: net_import_share * sum(flow_in[techs=$transmission_techs, carriers=power], over=[techs, timesteps]) <= $total_energy_balance
+      - expression: net_import_share * sum(flow_out[techs=$transmission_techs, carriers=electricity], over=[techs, timesteps]) <= $total_energy_balance
     sub_expressions:
       total_energy_balance:
-        - expression: sum(flow_out[carriers=power], over=[techs, timesteps]) - sum(flow_in[carriers=power], over=[techs, timesteps])
+        - expression: sum(flow_out[carriers=electricity], over=[techs, timesteps]) - sum(flow_in[carriers=electricity], over=[techs, timesteps])
     slices:
       transmission_techs:
-        - expression: get_transmission_techs([ac_transmission, free_transmission])
+        - expression: get_transmission_techs(test_transmission_elec)
 
   net_annual_import_share_max_node_group:
-    where: "[power] in carriers"
+    description: Limit upper bound on annual heat imports across two nodes in the model as a share of combined heat flows in both nodes.
     equations:
-      - expression: net_import_share * sum(flow_in[techs=$transmission_techs, carriers=power, nodes=$node_group], over=[nodes, techs, timesteps]) <= $total_energy_balance
+      - expression: net_import_share * sum(flow_out[techs=$transmission_techs, nodes=$node_group, carriers=$carrier], over=[nodes, techs, timesteps]) <= $total_energy_balance
     sub_expressions:
       total_energy_balance:
-        - expression: sum(flow_out[carriers=power, nodes=$node_group], over=[nodes, techs, timesteps]) - sum(flow_in[carriers=power, nodes=$node_group], over=[nodes, techs, timesteps])
+        - expression: sum(flow_out[nodes=$node_group, carriers=$carrier], over=[nodes, techs, timesteps]) - sum(flow_in[nodes=$node_group, carriers=$carrier], over=[nodes, techs, timesteps])
     slices:
       transmission_techs:
-        - expression: get_transmission_techs(free_transmission)
+        - expression: get_transmission_techs(test_transmission_heat)
       node_group:
-        - expression: "[region1_1, region1_2, region1_3]"
\ No newline at end of file
+        - expression: "[a, c]"
+      carrier:
+        - expression: heat
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/common/lp_files/net_annual_import_share_max.lp b/tests/common/lp_files/net_annual_import_share_max.lp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1eb00e95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/lp_files/net_annual_import_share_max.lp
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+\* Source Pyomo model name=None *\
+
+min
+objectives(dummy_obj)(0):
++2.0 ONE_VAR_CONSTANT
+
+s.t.
+
+c_u_constraints(net_annual_import_share_max)(a)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_annual_import_share_max)(b)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_annual_import_share_max)(c)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+bounds
+   1 <= ONE_VAR_CONSTANT <= 1
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+end
diff --git a/tests/common/lp_files/net_annual_import_share_max_node_group.lp b/tests/common/lp_files/net_annual_import_share_max_node_group.lp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e4422b95c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/lp_files/net_annual_import_share_max_node_group.lp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+\* Source Pyomo model name=None *\
+
+min
+objectives(dummy_obj)(0):
++2.0 ONE_VAR_CONSTANT
+
+s.t.
+
+c_u_constraints(net_annual_import_share_max_node_group)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_demand_heat__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_demand_heat__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+bounds
+   1 <= ONE_VAR_CONSTANT <= 1
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_b__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_heat_c__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_demand_heat__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_demand_heat__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_heat_a__heat__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+end
diff --git a/tests/common/lp_files/net_import_share_max.lp b/tests/common/lp_files/net_import_share_max.lp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5db71d391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/lp_files/net_import_share_max.lp
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+\* Source Pyomo model name=None *\
+
+min
+objectives(dummy_obj)(0):
++2.0 ONE_VAR_CONSTANT
+
+s.t.
+
+c_u_constraints(net_import_share_max)(a__2005_01_01_00_00)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_import_share_max)(a__2005_01_01_01_00)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_import_share_max)(b__2005_01_01_00_00)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_import_share_max)(b__2005_01_01_01_00)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+-1 variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_import_share_max)(c__2005_01_01_00_00)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+c_u_constraints(net_import_share_max)(c__2005_01_01_01_00)_:
++0.5 variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
++1 variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00)
+<= 0.0
+
+bounds
+   1 <= ONE_VAR_CONSTANT <= 1
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(a__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_b__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(a__test_transmission_elec_c__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(b__test_supply_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_demand_elec__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(b__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_00_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_out)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+   0 <= variables(flow_in)(c__test_transmission_elec_a__electricity__2005_01_01_01_00) <= +inf
+end
diff --git a/tests/test_math.py b/tests/test_math.py
index cb1855339..72e347e80 100644
--- a/tests/test_math.py
+++ b/tests/test_math.py
@@ -689,3 +689,36 @@ def test_downtime_decision(self, build_and_compare):
         build_and_compare(
             "downtime_period_decision", "supply_milp,two_hours", overrides
         )
+
+
+class TestNetImportShare(CustomMathExamples):
+    YAML_FILEPATH = "net_import_share.yaml"
+    shared_overrides = {
+        "parameters.net_import_share": 1.5,
+        "nodes.c.techs": {
+            "test_demand_heat": {"constraints.sink_equals": "file=demand_heat.csv:a"}
+        },
+        "links.a,c.techs": {
+            "test_transmission_heat": None,
+            "test_transmission_elec": None,
+        },
+    }
+
+    def test_net_import_share_max(self, build_and_compare):
+        build_and_compare(
+            "net_import_share_max", "simple_supply,two_hours", self.shared_overrides
+        )
+
+    def test_net_annual_import_share_max(self, build_and_compare):
+        build_and_compare(
+            "net_annual_import_share_max",
+            "simple_supply,two_hours",
+            self.shared_overrides,
+        )
+
+    def test_net_annual_import_share_max_node_group(self, build_and_compare):
+        build_and_compare(
+            "net_annual_import_share_max_node_group",
+            "simple_supply,two_hours",
+            self.shared_overrides,
+        )