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RPPGCT

Raspberry Pi Python GPIO Control Tools Codacy Badge

Descripción

Colección de utilidades varias para el control GPIO en Python

Sistemas

  • aviso_electricidad.py: Sistema avisador de corte de luz.
  • correo_electronico.py: Módulo auxiliar de envío de correos electrónicos.
  • cpu.py: Sistema indicador led de la carga de CPU en tiempo real. Utiliza tantos leds como GPIOs se le indiquen, siendo el último el de "alarma".
  • domotica_cliente.py: Cliente del sistema gestor de domótica.
  • domotica_servidor.py: Servidor del sistema gestor de domótica.
  • indice_gpio.py: Sistema indicador de los puertos GPIO que quedan libres.
  • internet.py: Módulo auxiliar de comprobación de conectividad a Internet.
  • pid.py: Módulo auxiliar para ciertas funciones de bloqueo y de PIDs.
  • reiniciar_router.py: Sistema que comprueba si hay acceso a Internet. Si no, manda una señal en un puerto GPIO determinado. La idea es conectar un relé a este GPIO y al mismo la alimentación del sistema de acceso a Internet.
  • sonda_dht11.py: Sistema de lectura de sondas de temperatura DHT11.
  • temperatura.py: Sistema indicador led de la temperatura del procesador en tiempo real. Utiliza tantos leds como GPIOs se le indiquen, siendo el último el de "alarma".

Agradecimientos, fuentes consultadas y otros créditos

F. A. Q. (Frequently Asked Questions) o P. F. (Preguntas Frecuentes)

Desengañémosnos, nadie en su sano juicio preguntaría estas cosas, pero al menos nos sirve a los que las redactamos para aclarar algunas dudas que, creemos, el resto del mundo (mundial) podría tener.

❓ ¿Pero de verdad esto sirve para algo?

👉 A ver, a mí me sirve. Y eso es lo que importa. Y pienso que, si bien esto no es nada espectacular, quizá a alguien pueda también servirle o facilitarle el trabajo en algún momento, por lo cual he decidido compartirlo.

❓ No, ahora en serio, ¿de verdad sirve para algo?

👉 Bueno, todo esto no es nada per se. Pero si le añadimos:

👉 Con todo ese cóctel de cosas, podemos tener algo decente. Prometo subir alguna foto del montaje.

❗ Exención de responsabilidad: Esta respuesta no es con fines publicitarios de Amazon, ni de ninguna otra web. Simplemente he listado la mayoría de los componentes que he comprado y dónde pueden ser encontrados.

👈 Las puertas NAND y los contadores son para propósitos de pruebas y experimentos. Aún no he realizado nada con ellos que esté relacionado con este proyecto, pero preveo hacerlo.

❓ Lo que tú digas, ¿pero cómo lo conecto o cómo se pone en marcha el hardware?

👉 La respuesta a esto es complicada, pero intentaré detallar qué hace cada módulo y cómo usarlo sin morir en el intento.

  • cpu.py: Este sistema está pensado para medir el uso de la CPU de la Raspberry y encender una serie de leds en función de la carga. La cantidad de leds es variable. El último de los leds será el de "alarma", el cual será encendido solamente cuando la carga sea >= 100% cinco o más veces seguidas.
  • domotica_cliente.py: Este sistema es un simple script que admite varios comandos y se los manda al servidor correspondiente, una vez conectado a éste. No hace mucho más (aún).
  • domotica_servidor.py: Este sistema es el más complejo hasta ahora. La idea es que interactúe con relés para llevar a cabo operaciones domóticas, tales como:
    • Control de una fuente de alimentación (para evitar su consumo cuando nada esté conectado a ella, básicamente), a al que, por ahora, irán conectados:
      • Control de los leds infrarrojos ya citados.
      • Control manual del ventilador al que antes hice referencia.
    • Control de un termo eléctrico (necesitaré un relé de más potencia que no he adquirido aún).
    • Control de varios elementos calefactores (necesitaré relés de más potencia que no he adquirido aún).
    • Control de una vávula de riego (necesitaré adquirirla).
  • indice_gpio.py: Esta herramienta (no lo llamo sistema, ya que no está integrado con nada) sirve para enumerar los puertos GPIO que quedan libres; entiéndanse libres los que no han sido todavía utilizados en la configuración.
  • internet.py: Este módulo proporciona utilidades para saber si hay actualmente acceso a Internet.
  • pid.py: Este módulo proporciona actualmente utilidades para evitar más de una instancia de ejecucución a los sistemas que lo requieran. En un futuro pienso ampliar sus funcionalidades.
  • reiniciar_router.py: Este sistema conmuta un relé que controla la alimentación de un módem - router 3G. Personlamente, me ha pasado el perder la conectividad a Internet de un sistema remoto y, por ello, no tener forma de acceder al mismo. La idea es que este sistema comprueba si hay internet (gracias a internet.py) y, de no haberlo, reinicie el módem - router... por las bravas, aunque en este caso, dicho aparato lo soporta sin problemas.
  • temperaturas.py: Este sistema está pensado para algo relacionado con cpu.py. Solamente que éste no enciende más de un led simultáneamente. Mi idea es conectar cada uno de los puertos GPIO a un led RGB y el cuarto a un led de alarma. Posteriormente, la alarma será también conectada a un relé que activará un ventilador (ya que si se activa la alarma es que la Raspberry Pi tiene calor). Aquí es donde seguramente necesitaré las puertas NAND.

❓ ¿Cuándo será lanzada la versión 1.0?

👉 Mis conocimientos del lenguaje Python aún son escasos; los sistemas ahora mismo están bastante aislados entre sí y deberían trabajar más coordinados; el instalador es un script que, si bien cumple su función, no me gusta, me parece cutre. Cuando todos estos problemas se solventen, el código esté más maduro, probado y estable y yo lo crea oportuno, consideraré que este proyecto pasa de ser una guarrerida a algo decente. Mientras, bueno, habrá que aprovechar lo que hay.

❓ ¿No has pensado en una interfaz web to güapa con Bootstrap, jQuery, una API y su correspondiente junta de la trócola? Seguro que así molaba el triple todo.

👉 He pensado en añadir un algo en Django, por aquello de que el código es Python, pero mis especialidades son C / C++ y PHP, así que no es algo a corto plazo. Si Python lo domino poco, Django aún menos. No quiero entrar en él sin tener más base de Python. Pienso que, mínimo, para enero - marzo de 2018 podré empezar en serio con ello. Quizá antes haga pruebas o implemente versiones preliminares, pero dudo que lo tenga en condiciones antes de la fecha que ya he dicho.

❓ ¿Por qué Python y no C / C++ o PHP, si tan bien (dices) que se te dan? ¿O por qué no <inserte aquí su lenguaje favorito / de moda>?

👉 Porque aparte de un proyecto útil, quiero que sea un reto. Porque quiero aprender Python. Porque no me apetecía estar compilando cada vez que quisiera probar algo.

👉 Porque no me ha dado la gana. Analicemos algunos de los lenguajes más populares y veamos:

  • Java: Sí, hombre, claro... un lenguaje en que un simple hola_mundo requiere 16 GiB de RAM... en una Raspberry Pi Zero (la que yo tengo)... ¡Pfffff...JAJAJAJAJAJA! NOPE
  • C / C++ / PHP: Respondido más arriba
  • C# / VB .NET: ¿Se puede en Linux? No, es en serio...
  • JavaScript (o, quizá, Node.js): Con todo el respeto a los desarrolladores de Node.js, programar en JavaScript no me parece serio.
  • Delphi / Object Pascal: Lo veo demasiado complejo para un proyecto tan humilde.
  • Go: ¿Esto no era una bebida energética?
  • Perl: Sé que existe y que las expresiones regulares son una maravilla, pero no sé nada más de este lenguaje.
  • Swift: Soy alérgico a las manzanas.
  • Ruby: Es un juguete interesante.
  • Ensamblador: Los programadores senior lo hacen en ensambaldor. Los programadores de verdad, en binario.

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Copyright (c) 2016 Zoltan Szarvas

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Raspberry Pi Python GPIO Control Tools

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python linux shell bash home-automation raspberry-pi gpio python3 linux-shell shell-script raspberry bash-script python36 raspberry-pi-gpio domotica python37 python38 python39 raspberry-gpio-python

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