Pokémon Showdown's protocol is relatively simple.
Pokémon Showdown is implemented in SockJS. SockJS is a compatibility layer over raw WebSocket, so you can actually connect to Pokémon Showdown directly using WebSocket:
ws://sim.smogon.com:8000/showdown/websocket
or
wss://sim.smogon.com/showdown/websocket
Client implementations you might want to look at for reference include:
- Majeur's android client (Kotlin/Java) - https://github.com/MajeurAndroid/Android-Unofficial-Showdown-Client
- pickdenis' chat bot (Ruby) - https://github.com/pickdenis/ps-chatbot
- Quinella and TalkTakesTime's chat bot (Node.js) - https://github.com/TalkTakesTime/Pokemon-Showdown-Bot
- Nixola's chat bot (Lua) - https://github.com/Nixola/NixPSbot
- Morfent's chat bot (Perl 6) - https://github.com/Kaiepi/p6-PSBot
- the official client (HTML5 + JavaScript) - https://github.com/smogon/pokemon-showdown-client
The official client logs protocol messages in the JavaScript console, so opening that (F12 in most browsers) can help tell you what's going on.
Messages from the user to the server are in the form:
ROOMID|TEXT
ROOMID
can optionally be left blank if it's the lobby, or if the room
is irrelevant (for instance, if TEXT
is a command like
/join lobby
where it doesn't matter what room it's sent from, you can
just send |/join lobby
.)
TEXT
can contain newlines, in which case it'll be treated the same
way as if each line were sent to the room separately.
A partial list of available commands can be found with /help
.
To log in, look at the documentation for the |challstr|
server message.
Messages from the server to the user are in the form:
>ROOMID
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
...
>ROOMID
and the newline after it can be omitted if the room is lobby
or global. MESSAGE
cannot start with >
, so it's unambiguous whether
or not >ROOMID
has been omitted.
As for the payload: it's made of any number of blocks of data separated by newlines; empty lines should be ignored. In particular, it should be treated the same way whether or not it ends in a newline, and if the payload is empty, the entire message should be ignored.
If MESSAGE
doesn't start with |
, it should be shown directly in the
room's log. Otherwise, it will be in the form:
|TYPE|DATA
For example:
|j| Some dude
|c|@Moderator|hi!
|c| Some dude|you suck and i hate you!
Some dude was banned by Moderator.
|l| Some dude
|b|battle-ou-12| Cool guy|@Moderator
This might be displayed as:
Some dude joined.
@Moderator: hi!
Some dude: you suck and i hate you!
Some dude was banned by Moderator.
Some dude left.
OU battle started between Cool guy and Moderator
For bandwidth reasons, five of the message types - chat
, join
, leave
,
name
, and battle
- are sometimes abbreviated to c
, j
, l
, n
,
and b
respectively. All other message types are written out in full so they
should be easy to understand.
Four of these can be uppercase: J
, L
, N
, and B
, which are
the equivalent of their lowercase versions, but are recommended not to be
displayed inline because they happen too often. For instance, the main server
gets around 5 joins/leaves a second, and showing that inline with chat would
make it near-impossible to chat.
USER
= a user, the first character being their rank (users with no rank are
represented by a space), and the rest of the string being their username.
|init|ROOMTYPE
The first message received from a room when you join it.
ROOMTYPE
is one of:chat
orbattle
|title|TITLE
TITLE
is the title of the room. The title is not guaranteed to resemble the room ID; for instance, roombattle-gen7uu-779767714
could have titleAlice vs. Bob
.
|users|USERLIST
USERLIST
is a comma-separated list ofUSER
s, sent from chat rooms when they're joined. Optionally, aUSER
can end in@
followed by a user status message. ASTATUS
starting in!
indicates the user is away.
||MESSAGE
or MESSAGE
We received a message
MESSAGE
, which should be displayed directly in the room's log.
|html|HTML
We received an HTML message, which should be sanitized and displayed directly in the room's log.
|uhtml|NAME|HTML
We recieved an HTML message (NAME) that can change what it's displaying, this is used in things like our Polls system, for example.
|uhtmlchange|NAME|HTML
Changes the HTML display of the
|uhtml|
message named (NAME).
|join|USER
, |j|USER
, or |J|USER
USER
joined the room. Optionally,USER
may be appended with@!
to indicate that the user is away or busy.
|leave|USER
, |l|USER
, or |L|USER
USER
left the room.
|name|USER|OLDID
, |n|USER|OLDID
, or |N|USER|OLDID
A user changed name to
USER
, and their previous userid wasOLDID
. Optionally,USER
may be appended with@!
to indicate that the user is away or busy.
|chat|USER|MESSAGE
or |c|USER|MESSAGE
USER
saidMESSAGE
. Note thatMESSAGE
can contain|
characters, so you can't just split by|
and take the fourth string.
|notify|TITLE|MESSAGE
Send a notification with
TITLE
andMESSAGE
(usually,TITLE
will be bold, andMESSAGE
is optional).
|notify|TITLE|MESSAGE|HIGHLIGHTTOKEN
Send a notification as above, but only if the user would be notified by a chat message containing
HIGHLIGHTTOKEN
(i.e. ifHIGHLIGHTTOKEN
contains words added to/highlight
, or their username by default.)
|:|TIMESTAMP
|c:|TIMESTAMP|USER|MESSAGE
c:
is pretty much the same asc
, but also comes with a UNIX timestamp; (the number of seconds since 1970). This is used for accurate timestamps in chat logs.
:
is the current time according to the server, so that times can be adjusted and reported in the local time in the case of a discrepancy.The exact fate of this command is uncertain - it may or may not be replaced with a more generalized way to transmit timestamps at some point.
|battle|ROOMID|USER1|USER2
or |b|ROOMID|USER1|USER2
A battle started between
USER1
andUSER2
, and the battle room has IDROOMID
.
|popup|MESSAGE
Show the user a popup containing
MESSAGE
.||
denotes a newline in the popup.
|pm|SENDER|RECEIVER|MESSAGE
A PM was sent from
SENDER
toRECEIVER
containing the messageMESSAGE
.
|usercount|USERCOUNT
USERCOUNT
is the number of users on the server.
|nametaken|USERNAME|MESSAGE
You tried to change your username to
USERNAME
but it failed for the reason described inMESSAGE
.
|challstr|CHALLSTR
You just connected to the server, and we're giving you some information you'll need to log in.
If you're already logged in and have session cookies, you can make an HTTP GET request to
https://play.pokemonshowdown.com/action.php?act=upkeep&challstr=CHALLSTR
Otherwise, you'll need to make an HTTP POST request to
https://play.pokemonshowdown.com/action.php
with the dataact=login&name=USERNAME&pass=PASSWORD&challstr=CHALLSTR
USERNAME
is your username andPASSWORD
is your password, andCHALLSTR
is the value you got from|challstr|
. Note thatCHALLSTR
contains|
characters. (Also feel free to make the request tohttps://
if your client supports it.)Either way, the response will start with
]
and be followed by a JSON object which we'll calldata
.Finish logging in (or renaming) by sending:
/trn USERNAME,0,ASSERTION
whereUSERNAME
is your desired username andASSERTION
isdata.assertion
.
|updateuser|USER|NAMED|AVATAR|SETTINGS
Your name, avatar or settings were successfully changed. Your rank and username are now
USER
. Optionally,USER
may be appended with@!
to indicate that you are away or busy.NAMED
will be0
if you are a guest or1
otherwise. Your avatar is nowAVATAR
.SETTINGS
is a JSON object representing the current state of various user settings.
|formats|FORMATSLIST
This server supports the formats specified in
FORMATSLIST
.FORMATSLIST
is a|
-separated list ofFORMAT
s.FORMAT
is a format name with one or more of these suffixes:,#
if the format uses random teams,,,
if the format is only available for searching, and,
if the format is only available for challenging. Sections are separated by two vertical bars with the number of the column of that section prefixed by,
in it. After that follows the name of the section and another vertical bar.
|updatesearch|JSON
JSON
is a JSON object representing the current state of what battles the user is currently searching for.
|updatechallenges|JSON
JSON
is a JSON object representing the current state of who the user is challenging and who is challenging the user.
|queryresponse|QUERYTYPE|JSON
JSON
is a JSON object representing containing the data that was requested with/query QUERYTYPE
or/query QUERYTYPE DETAILS
.Possible queries include
/query roomlist
and/query userdetails USERNAME
.
|tournament|create|FORMAT|GENERATOR|PLAYERCAP
FORMAT
is the name of the format in which each battle will be played.GENERATOR
is eitherElimination
orRound Robin
and describes the type of bracket that will be used.Elimination
includes a prefix that denotes the number of times a player can lose before being eliminated (Single
,Double
, etc.).Round Robin
includes the prefixDouble
if every matchup will battle twice.PLAYERCAP
is a number representing the maximum amount of players that can join the tournament or0
if no cap was specified.
|tournament|update|JSON
JSON
is a JSON object representing the changes in the tournament since the last update you recieved or the start of the tournament. These include:
format: the tournament's custom name or the format being used
teambuilderFormat: the format being used; sent if a custom name was set
isStarted: whether or not the tournament has started
isJoined: whether or not you have joined the tournament
generator: the type of bracket being used by the tournament
playerCap: the player cap that was set or 0 if it was removed
bracketData: an object representing the current state of the bracket
challenges: a list of opponents that you can currently challenge
challengeBys: a list of opponents that can currently challenge you
challenged: the name of the opponent that has challenged you
challenging: the name of the opponent that you are challenging
|tournament|updateEnd
Signals the end of an update period.
|tournament|error|ERROR
An error of type
ERROR
occurred.
|tournament|forceend
The tournament was forcibly ended.
|tournament|join|USER
USER
joined the tournament.
|tournament|leave|USER
USER
left the tournament.
|tournament|replace|OLD|NEW
The player
OLD
has been replaced withNEW
|tournament|start|NUMPLAYERS
The tournament started with
NUMPLAYERS
participants.
|tournament|replace|USER1|USER2
USER1
was replaced byUSER2
.
|tournament|disqualify|USER
USER
was disqualified from the tournament.
|tournament|battlestart|USER1|USER2|ROOMID
A tournament battle started between
USER1
andUSER2
, and the battle room has IDROOMID
.
|tournament|battleend|USER1|USER2|RESULT|SCORE|RECORDED|ROOMID
The tournament battle between
USER1
andUSER2
in the battle roomROOMID
ended.RESULT
describes the outcome of the battle fromUSER1
's perspective (win
,loss
, ordraw
).SCORE
is an array of length 2 that denotes the number of PokemonUSER1
had left and the number of PokemonUSER2
had left.RECORDED
will befail
if the battle ended in a draw and the bracket type does not support draws. Otherwise, it will besuccess
.
|tournament|end|JSON
The tournament ended.
JSON
is a JSON object containing:
results: the name(s) of the winner(s) of the tournament
format: the tournament's custom name or the format that was used
generator: the type of bracket that was used by the tournament
bracketData: an object representing the final state of the bracket
|tournament|scouting|SETTING
Players are now either allowed or not allowed to join other tournament battles based on
SETTING
(allow
ordisallow
).
|tournament|autostart|on|TIMEOUT
A timer was set for the tournament to auto-start in
TIMEOUT
seconds.
|tournament|autostart|off
The timer for the tournament to auto-start was turned off.
|tournament|autodq|on|TIMEOUT
A timer was set for the tournament to auto-disqualify inactive players every
TIMEOUT
seconds.
|tournament|autodq|off
The timer for the tournament to auto-disqualify inactive players was turned off.
|tournament|autodq|target|TIME
You have
TIME
seconds to make or accept a challenge, or else you will be disqualified for inactivity.
Battle rooms will have a mix of room messages and battle messages. Battle
messages are documented in SIM-PROTOCOL.md
.
To make decisions in battle, players should use the /choose
command,
also documented in SIM-PROTOCOL.md
.
|updatechallenges|JSON
JSON
is a JSON object representing the current state of who the user is challenging and who is challenging the user. You'll get this whenever challenges update (when you challenge someone, when you receive a challenge, when you or someone you challenged accepts/rejects/cancels a challenge).
JSON.challengesFrom
will be a {userid: format}
table of received
challenges.
JSON.challengeTo
will be a challenge if you're challenging someone, or null
if you haven't.
If you are challenging someone, challengeTo
will be in the format:
{"to":"player1","format":"gen7randombattle"}
.
To challenge someone, send:
/utm TEAM
/challenge USERNAME, FORMAT
To cancel a challenge you made to someone, send:
/cancelchallenge USERNAME
To reject a challenge you received from someone, send:
/reject USERNAME
To accept a challenge you received from someone, send:
/utm TEAM
/accept USERNAME
Teams are in packed format (see "Team format" below). TEAM
can also be
null
, if the format doesn't require user-built teams, such as Random Battle.
Invalid teams will send a |popup|
with validation errors, and the /accept
or /challenge
command won't take effect.
If the challenge is accepted, you will receive a room initialization message.
|updatesearch|JSON
JSON
is a JSON object representing the current state of what battles the user is currently searching for. You'll get this whenever searches update (when you search, cancel a search, or you start or end a battle)
JSON.searching
will be an array of format IDs you're currently searching for
games in.
JSON.games
will be a {roomid: title}
table of games you're currently in.
Note that this includes ALL games, so |updatesearch|
will be sent when you
start/end challenge battles, and even non-Pokémon games like Mafia.
To search for a battle against a random opponent, send:
/utm TEAM
/search FORMAT
Teams are in packed format (see "Team format" below). TEAM
can also be
null
, if the format doesn't require user-built teams, such as Random Battle.
To cancel searching, send:
/cancelsearch
Pokémon Showdown's main way of representing teams is in packed format. This
format is implemented in Dex.packTeam
and Dex.fastUnpackTeam
in
sim/dex.js
.
If you're not using JavaScript and don't want to reimplement these conversions, Pokémon Showdown's command-line client can convert between packed teams and JSON using standard IO.
If you really want to write your own converter, the format looks something like this:
Lumineon||focussash|1|defog,scald,icebeam,uturn||85,85,85,85,85,85||||83|]
Glaceon||lifeorb||toxic,hiddenpowerground,shadowball,icebeam||81,,85,85,85,85||,0,,,,||83|]
Crabominable||choiceband|1|closecombat,earthquake,stoneedge,icehammer||85,85,85,85,85,85||||83|]
Toxicroak||lifeorb|1|drainpunch,suckerpunch,gunkshot,substitute||85,85,85,85,85,85||||79|]
Bouffalant||choiceband||earthquake,megahorn,headcharge,superpower||85,85,85,85,85,85||||83|]
Qwilfish||blacksludge|H|thunderwave,destinybond,liquidation,painsplit||85,85,85,85,85,85||||83|
(Line breaks added for readability - this is all one line normally.)
The format is a list of pokemon delimited by ]
, where every Pokémon is:
NICKNAME|SPECIES|ITEM|ABILITY|MOVES|NATURE|EVS|GENDER|IVS|SHINY|LEVEL|HAPPINESS,POKEBALL,HIDDENPOWERTYPE
-
SPECIES
is left blank if it's identical toNICKNAME
-
ABILITY
is0
,1
, orH
if it's the ability from the corresponding slot for the Pokémon. It can also be an ability string, for Hackmons etc. -
MOVES
is a comma-separated list of move IDs. -
NATURE
left blank means Serious, except in Gen 1-2, where it means no Nature. -
EVS
andIVS
are comma-separated in standard order: HP, Atk, Def, SpA, SpD, Spe. EVs left blank are 0, IVs left blank are 31. If all EVs or IVs are blank, the commas can all be left off. -
EVS
represent AVs in Pokémon Let's Go. -
IVS
represent DVs in Gen 1-2. The IV will be divided by 2 and rounded down, to become DVs (so the default of 31 IVs is converted to 15 DVs). -
IVS
is post-hyper-training: pre-hyper-training IVs are represented inHIDDENPOWERTYPE
-
SHINY
isS
for shiny, and blank for non-shiny. -
LEVEL
is left blank for level 100. -
HAPPINESS
is left blank for 255. -
POKEBALL
is left blank if it's a regular Poké Ball. -
HIDDENPOWERTYPE
is left blank if the Pokémon is not Hyper Trained, if Hyper Training doesn't affect IVs, or if it's represented by a move in the moves list. -
If
POKEBALL
andHIDDENPOWERTYPE
are both blank, the commas will be left off.