diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index 92f988b..225664f 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -3559,6 +3559,56 @@ files = [
     {file = "rpds_py-0.20.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:d72a210824facfdaf8768cf2d7ca25a042c30320b3020de2fa04640920d4e121"},
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "scipy"
+version = "1.14.1"
+description = "Fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python"
+optional = true
+python-versions = ">=3.10"
+files = [
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+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-macosx_12_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:d0d2821003174de06b69e58cef2316a6622b60ee613121199cb2852a873f8cf3"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:8bddf15838ba768bb5f5083c1ea012d64c9a444e16192762bd858f1e126196d0"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-macosx_14_0_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:97c5dddd5932bd2a1a31c927ba5e1463a53b87ca96b5c9bdf5dfd6096e27efc3"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:2ff0a7e01e422c15739ecd64432743cf7aae2b03f3084288f399affcefe5222d"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:8e32dced201274bf96899e6491d9ba3e9a5f6b336708656466ad0522d8528f69"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:8426251ad1e4ad903a4514712d2fa8fdd5382c978010d1c6f5f37ef286a713ad"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:a49f6ed96f83966f576b33a44257d869756df6cf1ef4934f59dd58b25e0327e5"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-macosx_10_13_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:2da0469a4ef0ecd3693761acbdc20f2fdeafb69e6819cc081308cc978153c675"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-macosx_12_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:c0ee987efa6737242745f347835da2cc5bb9f1b42996a4d97d5c7ff7928cb6f2"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:3a1b111fac6baec1c1d92f27e76511c9e7218f1695d61b59e05e0fe04dc59617"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-macosx_14_0_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:8475230e55549ab3f207bff11ebfc91c805dc3463ef62eda3ccf593254524ce8"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:278266012eb69f4a720827bdd2dc54b2271c97d84255b2faaa8f161a158c3b37"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:fef8c87f8abfb884dac04e97824b61299880c43f4ce675dd2cbeadd3c9b466d2"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:b05d43735bb2f07d689f56f7b474788a13ed8adc484a85aa65c0fd931cf9ccd2"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp311-cp311-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:716e389b694c4bb564b4fc0c51bc84d381735e0d39d3f26ec1af2556ec6aad94"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-macosx_10_13_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:631f07b3734d34aced009aaf6fedfd0eb3498a97e581c3b1e5f14a04164a456d"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-macosx_12_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:af29a935803cc707ab2ed7791c44288a682f9c8107bc00f0eccc4f92c08d6e07"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:2843f2d527d9eebec9a43e6b406fb7266f3af25a751aa91d62ff416f54170bc5"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-macosx_14_0_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:eb58ca0abd96911932f688528977858681a59d61a7ce908ffd355957f7025cfc"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:30ac8812c1d2aab7131a79ba62933a2a76f582d5dbbc695192453dae67ad6310"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:8f9ea80f2e65bdaa0b7627fb00cbeb2daf163caa015e59b7516395fe3bd1e066"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:edaf02b82cd7639db00dbff629995ef185c8df4c3ffa71a5562a595765a06ce1"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:2ff38e22128e6c03ff73b6bb0f85f897d2362f8c052e3b8ad00532198fbdae3f"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_10_13_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:1729560c906963fc8389f6aac023739ff3983e727b1a4d87696b7bf108316a79"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_12_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:4079b90df244709e675cdc8b93bfd8a395d59af40b72e339c2287c91860deb8e"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:e0cf28db0f24a38b2a0ca33a85a54852586e43cf6fd876365c86e0657cfe7d73"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_14_0_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:0c2f95de3b04e26f5f3ad5bb05e74ba7f68b837133a4492414b3afd79dfe540e"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:b99722ea48b7ea25e8e015e8341ae74624f72e5f21fc2abd45f3a93266de4c5d"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:5149e3fd2d686e42144a093b206aef01932a0059c2a33ddfa67f5f035bdfe13e"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:e4f5a7c49323533f9103d4dacf4e4f07078f360743dec7f7596949149efeec06"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:baff393942b550823bfce952bb62270ee17504d02a1801d7fd0719534dfb9c84"},
+    {file = "scipy-1.14.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:5a275584e726026a5699459aa72f828a610821006228e841b94275c4a7c08417"},
+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
+numpy = ">=1.23.5,<2.3"
+
+[package.extras]
+dev = ["cython-lint (>=0.12.2)", "doit (>=0.36.0)", "mypy (==1.10.0)", "pycodestyle", "pydevtool", "rich-click", "ruff (>=0.0.292)", "types-psutil", "typing_extensions"]
+doc = ["jupyterlite-pyodide-kernel", "jupyterlite-sphinx (>=0.13.1)", "jupytext", "matplotlib (>=3.5)", "myst-nb", "numpydoc", "pooch", "pydata-sphinx-theme (>=0.15.2)", "sphinx (>=5.0.0,<=7.3.7)", "sphinx-design (>=0.4.0)"]
+test = ["Cython", "array-api-strict (>=2.0)", "asv", "gmpy2", "hypothesis (>=6.30)", "meson", "mpmath", "ninja", "pooch", "pytest", "pytest-cov", "pytest-timeout", "pytest-xdist", "scikit-umfpack", "threadpoolctl"]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "send2trash"
 version = "1.8.3"
@@ -3965,9 +4015,9 @@ type = ["pytest-mypy"]
 
 [extras]
 jupyter = ["ipytree", "ipywidgets", "traitlets"]
-optimization = []
+optimization = ["scipy"]
 
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.0"
 python-versions = "^3.10"
-content-hash = "29a8d8e2153b0091c30f47539d995bde59e7638e6853756e17f07fba5f739ca8"
+content-hash = "5a0cc50c024712c95b3bacdc9f652c54403cc2995c12624ad905b2876e184747"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 193f303..9a4d229 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ qref = "0.7.0"
 ipytree = { version = "^0.2.2", optional = true }
 ipywidgets = { version = "^8.1.2", optional = true }
 traitlets = { version = "^5.14.3", optional = true }
+scipy = { version = "^1.14.1", optional = true }
 
 [tool.poetry.extras]
 jupyter = ["ipytree", "ipywidgets", "traitlets"]