Add lottery example

examples/lottery/.gitignore

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+outputs/
+build/

examples/lottery/README.md

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+# lottery.aleo
+
+## Build Guide
+
+To compile this Aleo program, run:
+```bash
+aleo build
+```

examples/lottery/inputs/lottery.in

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+// The program input for lottery/src/main.leo
+[main]
+public a: u32 = 1u32;
+b: u32 = 2u32;

examples/lottery/program.json

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+{
+    "program": "lottery.aleo",
+    "version": "0.0.0",
+    "description": "",
+    "development": {
+        "private_key": "APrivateKey1zkpJrHD9orEuTpL8dDnSBZo6VyKWdbrk3VJfcwEv9SsQBN2",
+        "address": "aleo1dvx603addv7c2uqj6ksm9hccaypzn0ngus4n2vygvdlhqvkcyyfqvh4zdz"
+    },
+    "license": "MIT"
+}

examples/lottery/src/main.leo

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+// The 'lottery' program.
+program lottery.aleo {
+
+    mapping num_winners: u8 => u8;
+
+    record Ticket {
+        owner: address,
+    }
+
+    transition play() -> u32 {
+        let ticket: Ticket = Ticket {
+            owner: self.caller,
+        };
+        return ticket then finalize();
+    }
+
+    finalize play() {
+        // Check that the lottery has not expired.
+        assert(block.height <= 1000);
+
+        // Randomly select whether or not the ticket is a winner.
+        assert(ChaCha::rand_bool());
+
+        // Check that the maximum number of winners have not been reached.
+        let winners: u8 = num_winners.get_or_use(0u8);
+        assert(winners < 5u8);
+        num_winners.set(0u8, winners + 1u8);
+
+    }
+}

tests/expectations/compiler/finalize/rand.out

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+---
+namespace: Compile
+expectation: Pass
+outputs:
+  - - initial_ast: 2d7b208912c97c514488786ee171503bfe6d230fb6f0f35725fdcc0d217dad20
+      unrolled_ast: 2d7b208912c97c514488786ee171503bfe6d230fb6f0f35725fdcc0d217dad20
+      ssa_ast: d31261c1b1ffc59dae4f917070deae35adcb480707a00e4ce900458f962855cc
+      flattened_ast: 57633e91a7d54fa5f5ec007863b135a0b1bca23f3016c2bc01ab8293ad2f59d4
+      inlined_ast: 57633e91a7d54fa5f5ec007863b135a0b1bca23f3016c2bc01ab8293ad2f59d4
+      dce_ast: 09659efca22ece8c63c317e0e22e1400871541e2d40a6604e073e64a7fc54153
+      bytecode: 268f9afb6b8472b88b0c91f927b0cd4a69c10ad4457714dbb6faddeee5405cc6
+      warnings: ""

tests/tests/compiler/finalize/rand.leo

@@ -25,5 +25,6 @@ program test.aleo {
         let m: u32 = ChaCha::rand_u32();
         let n: u64 = ChaCha::rand_u64();
         let o: u128 = ChaCha::rand_u128();
+        assert(b);
     }
 }