New-GPTDiskDefaultLayout.ps1

<#
.SYNOPSIS
Creates GPT-based disk and partitions layout, in accordance with Microsoft recommendations for Windows 10.

.DESCRIPTION
Creates GPT-based disk and partitions layout, in accordance with Microsoft recommendations for Windows 10 as described here:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/configure-uefigpt-based-hard-drive-partitions

The script is intended to be used in the starting phase of a MDT/SCCM based Task Sequence and must therefore be available in Windows PE to function in an OSD scenario.
It utilizes the Storage Module (WinPE-StorageWMI component) which also must be added to your WinPE boot image.

.EXAMPLE
New-GPTDiskDefaultLayout.ps1

In this example the script runs with default parameter values. The default values are:
DiskNumber: 0 and create partition layout with default sizes.
EFI Partition Size: 100MB
MSR Partition Size: 16MB
Recovery Partition Size: 1024MB

The user will be required to confirm the changes before the procedure continues
    
.EXAMPLE
New-GPTDiskDefaultLayout.ps1 -DiskNumber 0 -EFIPartitionSize 512MB -MSRPartitionSize 128MB -RecoveryPartitionSize 640MB -Confirm:$false

In this example every parameter is set to custom values and confirmation is supplied in the command line (silent mode).

.NOTES
THIS CODE AND ANY RELATED INFORMATION ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER 
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 
Y'know... Just don't screw me over if you execute this script site-wide and something goes wrong...
#>
[CmdletBinding(
    SupportsShouldProcess = $true,
    ConfirmImpact = 'High'
)]
Param (
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false,Position=0)]
    [int]$DiskNumber = 0,
	[Parameter( Mandatory=$false,Position=1)]
	[uint64]$EFIPartitionSize  = 100MB,
	[Parameter(Mandatory=$false,Position=2)]
	[uint64]$MSRPartitionSize  = 16MB,
	[Parameter(Mandatory=$false,Position=3)]
	[uint64]$RecoveryPartitionSize  = 1024MB
)

Begin {
    # Make user confirm unless ConfirmPreference already lowered in command line
    if ( $ConfirmPreference.value__ -gt 1 ) {
        Write-Warning -Message "This procedure will clear the disk (disk number $($DiskNumber)). All data will be erased. You are required to confirm the changes before the procedure continues."
        # Prompt to confirm
        [int]$Confirm = 0
        [string]$prompt = Read-Host "Type [Y]es to accept the changes and to clear the disk and create GPT-based partition layout. Any other input will stop the execution of this script."
        switch ( $prompt.ToUpper() ) {
            "YES" { $Confirm = 1; break }
            "Y"   { $Confirm = 1; break }
        }
    }
    if ( $Confirm -eq 0 ) {
        Write-Warning "Process stopped by user"
        ## Exit the script, returning the exit code 1602 (ERROR_INSTALL_USEREXIT)
        If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 1602; Exit } Else { Exit 1602 }
    }
}
Process {
    
    try {
        # Import the Storage module
        Import-Module Storage -ErrorAction Stop  
    } catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to import Storage module"
        # Exit the script, returning the exit code 1603 (ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE)
        If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 1603; Exit } Else { Exit 1603 }
    }

    try {
        # Get total disk size
        [uint64]$TotalDiskSize = (Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -ErrorAction Stop | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Size)
    } catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to to get disk $DiskNumber"
        # Exit the script, returning the exit code 1603 (ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE)
        If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 1603; Exit } Else { Exit 1603 }
    }

    try {
        # Calculate size of Windows partition (not sure why the extra 2MB are necessary, but the recovery disk would end up as 1022 MB otherwise)
        [uint64]$WindowsPartitionSize  = $TotalDiskSize - ($EFIPartitionSize + $MSRPartitionSize + $RecoveryPartitionSize + 2MB)
    }
    catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to calculate Windows partition size (validate disk size and partition)"
        # Exit the script, returning the exit code 1603 (ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE)
        If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 1603; Exit } Else { Exit 1603 }
    }

    try {
        # Initalize if RAW
        if ( $(Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber | Select-Object -ExpandProperty PartitionStyle) -eq "RAW" ) {
            # Initialize disk
            Initialize-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -ErrorAction Stop
        }
        # Clear disk
        Clear-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -RemoveData -RemoveOEM -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop
        # Initialize disk
        Initialize-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -ErrorAction Stop
        # Set Partition Style to GPT
        Set-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -PartitionStyle GPT -ErrorAction Stop
    }
    catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to prepare disk $DiskNumber for partitioning."
        # Exit the script, returning the exit code 1603 (ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE)
        If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 1603; Exit } Else { Exit 1603 }
    }

    try {    

        # Create and format EFI Partition/volume
        New-Partition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -Size $EFIPartitionSize -GptType '{c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b}' -IsHidden:$false -IsActive:$false -DriveLetter T -ErrorAction Stop
        Format-Volume -DriveLetter T -FileSystem FAT32 -NewFileSystemLabel "System" -ErrorAction Stop

        #Remove T(emporary) drive letter from EFI Partition
        Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -ErrorAction Stop | Get-Partition -ErrorAction Stop | Where-Object {$_.DriveLetter -eq "T" } | Remove-PartitionAccessPath -AccessPath "T:\" -ErrorAction Stop

        # Create MSR Partition
        New-Partition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -Size $MSRPartitionSize -GptType '{e3c9e316-0b5c-4db8-817d-f92df00215ae}' -IsHidden:$true -IsActive:$false -AssignDriveLetter:$false -ErrorAction Stop

        # Create and format Windows Partition
        New-Partition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -Size $WindowsPartitionSize -GptType '{ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7}' -IsHidden:$false -DriveLetter C -ErrorAction Stop
        Format-Volume -DriveLetter C -FileSystem NTFS -NewFileSystemLabel "Windows" -ErrorAction Stop
                
        # Create and format Recovery Partition
        New-Partition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -UseMaximumSize -GptType '{de94bba4-06d1-4d40-a16a-bfd50179d6ac}' -IsHidden:$false -IsActive:$false -DriveLetter T -ErrorAction Stop
        Format-Volume -DriveLetter T -FileSystem NTFS -NewFileSystemLabel "Recovery" -ErrorAction Stop

        #Remove T(emporary) drive letter from Recovery Partition
        Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber | Get-Partition | Where-Object {$_.DriveLetter -eq "T" } | Remove-PartitionAccessPath -AccessPath "T:\"
        Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -ErrorAction Stop | Get-Partition -ErrorAction Stop | Where-Object {$_.DriveLetter -eq "T" } | Remove-PartitionAccessPath -AccessPath "T:\" -ErrorAction Stop
    }
        catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to complete partitioning."
        # Exit the script, returning the exit code 1603 (ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE)
        If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 1603; Exit } Else { Exit 1603 }
    }
    
    try { 
        # Construct TSEnvironment ComObject
        $TSEnvironment = New-Object -ComObject Microsoft.SMS.TSEnvironment
        # Set TS Variable OSDisk to C
        $TSEnvironment.Value("OSDisk") = "C:"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to set OSDisk Task Sequence variable."
    }
}
End {
    # Exit the script, returning the exit code 0 (ERROR_SUCCESS)
    If (Test-Path -LiteralPath 'variable:HostInvocation') { $script:ExitCode = 0; Exit } Else { Exit 0 }    
}