diff --git a/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/CMakeLists.txt b/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/CMakeLists.txt
index 276063f169b..6a06023eaf5 100644
--- a/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 itk_module_test()
 set(ITKConnectedComponentsTests
     itkRelabelComponentImageFilterTest.cxx
+    itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest.cxx
     itkHardConnectedComponentImageFilterTest.cxx
     itkConnectedComponentImageFilterTestRGB.cxx
     itkConnectedComponentImageFilterTest.cxx
@@ -26,6 +27,12 @@ itk_add_test(
   ${ITK_TEST_OUTPUT_DIR}/RelabelComponentImageFilterTest.png
   130
   145)
+itk_add_test(
+  NAME
+  itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest
+  COMMAND
+  ITKConnectedComponentsTestDriver
+  itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest)
 itk_add_test(
   NAME
   itkHardConnectedComponentImageFilterTest
diff --git a/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest.cxx b/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ef4d2ba823b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Modules/Segmentation/ConnectedComponents/test/itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*=========================================================================
+ *
+ *  Copyright NumFOCUS
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *         https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ *
+ *=========================================================================*/
+
+#include "itkImage.h"
+#include "itkRelabelComponentImageFilter.h"
+#include "itkTestingMacros.h"
+
+using PixelType = signed short;
+
+// Explicit template instantiation to test compile-time support of signed types
+template class itk::RelabelComponentImageFilter<itk::Image<PixelType>, itk::Image<PixelType>>;
+
+int
+itkRelabelComponentImageFilterSignednessTest(int, char *[])
+{
+  std::cout << "Test finished." << std::endl;
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}