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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Class 1 ~ Intermediate HTML/CSS ~ Girl Develop IT</title>
<meta name="description" content="This is the official Girl Develop It Intermediate Core HTML/CSS curriculum. It was developed through the contributions of Julie Pagano, Jen Myers, Alexis Goldstein and Izzy Johnston.
The course is meant to be taught in 4 two-hour sections. Each of the slides and practice files are customizable according to the needs of a given class or audience.">
<meta name="author" content="Girl Develop It">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/css/theme/gdidefault.css" id="theme">
<!-- For syntax highlighting -->
<!-- light editor<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/light.css">-->
<!-- dark editor--><link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/lib/css/dark.css">
<!-- For the slides -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/slides.css">
<!-- If use the PDF print sheet so students can print slides-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal/css/print/pdf.css" type="text/css" media="print">
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="lib/js/html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<!-- Opening slide -->
<section>
<img src = "images/gdi_logo_badge.png">
<h3>Intermediate HTML and CSS</h3>
<h4>Class 1</h4>
</section>
<!-- Welcome-->
<section>
<h3>Welcome!</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<p>Girl Develop It is here to provide affordable and accessible programs to learn software through mentorship and hands-on instruction.</p>
<p class ="green">Some "rules"</p>
<ul>
<li>We are here for you!</li>
<li>Every question is important</li>
<li>Help each other</li>
<li>Have fun</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Welcome!</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<p class = "blue">Tell us about yourself.</p>
<ul>
<li>Who are you?</li>
<li>What do you hope to get out of the class?</li>
<li>What is your favorite dinosaur?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Review Terms-->
<section>
<h3>Review: Terms</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<div class = "green">Web design</div>
<div>The process of planning, structuring and creating a website</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class = "green">Web development</div>
<div>The process of programming dynamic web applications</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class = "green">Front end</div>
<div>The outwardly visible elements of a website or application</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class = "green">Back end</div>
<div>The inner workings and functionality of a website or application.</div>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Review Tools -->
<section>
<h3>Review: Tools</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<div class = "yellow">Browser</div>
<div>Chrome</div>
<div>Firefox</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class = "yellow">Development Toolkit</div>
<div>Chrome - Inspector</div>
<div>Firefox - Firebug</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class = "yellow">Text Editor</div>
<div>TextWrangler - Mac</div>
<div>Notepad ++ - Windows</div>
<div>Sublime Text - Mac or Windows</div>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Review Roles of HTML v CSS -->
<section>
<h3>Review: Anatomy of a website</h3>
<div class = "blue"> Your Content</div>
<div><span class = "blue">+ HTML: </span>Structure</div>
<div><span class = "blue">+ CSS: </span>Presentation</div>
<div class = "blue">= Your Website</div>
<p>A website is a way to present your content to the world, using HTML and CSS to present that content & make it look good.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Review: Anatomy of a website</h3>
<div class = "yellow"> Concrete example</div>
<ul>
<li class ="fragment"><p>A paragraph is your content</p></li>
<li class = "fragment">
<div style = "font-size: 80%">Putting your content into an HTML tag to make it look like a paragraph is Structure</div>
<pre><code class ="html">
<p>A paragraph is your content</p>
</code></pre>
</li>
<li class = "fragment">
<div style = "font-size: 80%">Make the font of your paragraph blue and 18pt is presentation</div>
<p class ="blue">A paragraph is your content</p>
</li>
</section>
<!-- Review HTML element-->
<section>
<h3>Review: Anatomy of an HTML element</h3>
<ul>
<li class = "fragment">
Element
<ul>
<li>An individual component of HTML</li>
<li>Paragraph, Table, List</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class = "fragment">
Tag
<ul>
<li>Markers that signal the beginning and
end of an element</li>
<li>Opening tag and Closing Tag
<pre><code class ="html">
<tagname>Stuff in the middle</tagname>
</code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<pre><code class ="html">
<p> This is a sample paragraph.</p>
</code></pre>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Review: Anatomy of an HTML element</h3>
<ul>
<li class = "fragment">
Container Element
<ul>
<li>An element that can contain other elements or
content</li>
<li>A paragraph (<p>) contains text</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class = "fragment">
Stand Alone Element
<ul>
<li>An element that cannot contain anything else</li>
<li>
<pre><code class = "html">
<br/>
<img/>
</code></pre>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Review: Anatomy of an HTML element</h3>
<ul>
<li class = "fragment">
Attribute
<ul>
<li>Each element can have a variety of attributes</li>
<li>Language, style, identity, source</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class = "fragment">
Value
<ul>
<li>Value is the value assigned to a given
attribute.</li>
<li>
<pre><code class ="html">
<p lang = "fr">C'est la vie</p>
<img src = "my.picture.jpg"/>
</code></pre>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- What is CSS-->
<section>
<h3>CSS: Review</h3>
<p>CSS = Cascading Style Sheets</p>
<p>CSS is a "style sheet language" that lets you style the elements on your page.</p>
<p>CSS is works in conjunction with HTML, but is not HTML itself.</p>
</section>
<!-- The CSS Rule-->
<section>
<h3>Review: The CSS Rule</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
selector {
property: value;
}
</code></pre>
<div class = "left-align">
<p>A block of CSS code is a rule.</p>
<p>The rule starts with a selector.</p>
<p>It has sets of properties and values.</p>
<p>A property-value pair is a declaration.</p>
</div>
</section>
<!-- CSS Syntax -->
<section>
<h3>Review: CSS Syntax</h3>
<div class = "left-align">
<p>Declarations: Property and value of style you plan use on HTML element. </p>
<p>Declarations end with a semicolon</p>
<p>Declaration groups are surrounded by curly brackets.</p>
</div>
<pre><code class = "html">
selector {
property: value;
property: value;
property: value;
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<!-- Selectors elements-->
<section>
<h3>Review: Selector: Element</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
p {
property: value;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Selects all paragraph elements.</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
img {
property: value;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Selects all image elements.</p>
</section>
<!-- Selectors ID-->
<section>
<h3>Review: Selector: ID</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
#footer {
property: value;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Selects all elements with an id of "footer".</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
<p id="footer">Copyright 2011</p>
</code></pre>
<p>The associated HTML.</p>
</section>
<!-- Selectors Class-->
<section>
<h3>Selector: Class</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
.warning {
color: red;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Selects all elements with a class of "warning".</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
<p class="warning">Run away!</p>
</code></pre>
<p>The associated HTML.</p>
</section>
<!-- Selector position-->
<section>
<h3>Review: Selector: Position</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
p em {
color: yellow;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Selects all em elements that are within a paragraph</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
<p>This is <em>important.</em></p>
</code></pre>
<p>The associated HTML.</p>
</section>
<!-- Standard practices-->
<section>
<h3>Standard Practices</h3>
<p>Awesome, right?</p>
<p> But how do people use this <span class = "green" style ="font-style:italic">REALLY?</span>
<ul>
<li class = "fragment">Reset CSS files</li>
<li class = "fragment">Standard widths and sizes</li>
<li class = "fragment">Wrappers</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Reset CSS-->
<section>
<h3>Reset CSS</h3>
<p>Even though HTML is the structure and CSS is the design, some HTML elements have default styles</p>
<p class = "fragment">Examples include:</p>
<ul class = "fragment">
<li>Bulleted lists like this one have standard bullets</li>
<li>Paragraphs have default padding</li>
<li>Links are blue and underlined</li>
<ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Reset CSS</h3>
<div>
Most elements:
<pre><code class = "html">
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
font-size: 100%;
font: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline;
</code></pre>
</div>
<div>
Lists:
<pre><code class = "html">
list-style: none;
</code></pre>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Sizes-->
<section>
<h3>Standard widths and sizes</h3>
<p>Some sizes that are good to know about</p>
<ul>
<li>A standard font size is usually 12px</li>
<li>
Screens vary greatly in width!
Standardize your design a couple ways
<ul>
<li>Set the body width to a specific width</li>
<li>Set the content area width to 100%, with max-width of around 1200px/1400px and a min-width of around 960px.
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Sizes-->
<section>
<h3>Wrappers</h3>
<p>Wrappers are a good way to center content if the screen width is wider than your content.</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
.wrapper{
width: 100%;
max-width:1400px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<!-- Let's Develop It -->
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop It</h3>
<p class = "blue">Getting our feet wet</p>
<ul>
<li>Download practice files</li>
<li>Look through the page</li>
<li>Add a link to the reset.css file in the head of the document</li>
<li>Notice the changes to the layout</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Links-->
<section>
<h3>Linking on pages</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
<a href = "#section">Go to Section!</a>
</code></pre>
<pre><code class = "html">
<a name= "section"></a>
</code></pre>
<p><a href = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Crayola_crayon_colors" target = "_blank">Example on Wikipedia</a>
</section>
<!-- Pseudo selectors-->
<section>
<h3>Pseudo Selectors</h3>
<p>In addition to applying css to elements, classes and ids, you can apply css on certain events. Most notably, hover</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
.turn-blue:hover{
background-color: lightblue;
color: grey
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class = "html">
<div class = "turn-blue">I will only turn blue on hover</div>
</code></pre>
<style>
.turn-blue:hover{
background-color: lightblue;
color: grey
}
</style>
<span class = "turn-blue">I will only turn blue on hover</span>
</section>
<!-- Fonts-->
<section>
<h3>@font-face</h3>
<p>The world of HTML has progressed beyond Times New Roman and Arial</p>
<p class = "green">Yay!</p>
<p>How do we use new and cool fonts?</p>
</section>
<!-- Fonts-->
<section>
<h3>@font-face</h3>
<p>Use font from outside sources (like Google Web Fonts)</p>
<p><a href = "http://www.google.com/webfonts" target = "_blank">http://www.google.com/webfonts</a></p>
<p>In our example, we use Audiowide, Quicksand and Lato</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
<link href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Audiowide|Quicksand:300,400,700|Lato:100,300,400,700,900,100italic,300italic,400italic,700italic,900italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</code></pre>
<a href = "http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Audiowide|Quicksand:300,400,700|Lato:100,300,400,700,900,100italic,300italic,400italic,700italic,900italic" target ="_blank">What does that do?</a>
</section>
<section>
<h3>@font-face</h3>
<p>Download fonts locally</p>
<p>In our example, we downloaded 'Enotypo'</p>
<p>To use it, add the following to css:</p>
<pre><code class = "html">
@font-face {
font-family: 'EntypoRegular';
src: url('font/Entypo-webfont.eot');
src: url('font/Entypo-webfont.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
url('font/Entypo-webfont.woff') format('woff'),
url('font/Entypo-webfont.ttf') format('truetype'),
url('font/Entypo-webfont.svg#EntypoRegular') format('svg');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>@font-face</h3>
<p>Using the fonts</h3>
<pre><code class = "html">
body{
font-family: 'Lato', Arial, sans-serif;
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<!-- Let's Develop It-->
<section>
<h3>Let's Develop It</h3>
<p class = "blue">Use your new-found knowledge!</p>
<ul>
<li>Update the links in the header and footer to jump to the corresponding section</li>
<li>Update the links in the site to change color on hover. Try to update the background color too!</li>
<li>
Update the font of the site. The completed example uses:
<ul>
<li>Lato for the body</li>
<li>Audiowide for h1</li>
<li>Quicksand for h2</li>
<li>Enotypo for the bullets and jump up/down links</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Intro to HTML 5-->
<section>
<h3>HTML 5: What is it?</h3>
<p>Formally, HTML5 is the <a href = "http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/" target = "_blank">W3C’s specification</a> for the next version of HTML.</p>
<p>Informally, people use "HTML5" to refer to a whole set of new web standards and abilities:
<ul class >
<li>HTML5</li>
<li>CSS3</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Specifications-->
<section>
<h2>HTML5 Specifications</h2>
<ul>
<li>2004 - started work</li>
<li class="fragment">2008 - first public working draft</li>
<li class="fragment">2011 - last call</li>
<li class="fragment">2012 - working draft</li>
<li class="fragment">2014 - planned for stable recommendation</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Browser compatibility-->
<section>
<section>
<h2>What about the browsers?</h2>
<ul>
<li class="chrome">Chrome</li>
<li class="firefox">Firefox</li>
<li class="ie">Internet Explorer</li>
<li class="webkit">Safari</li>
<li class="opera">Opera</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>HTML5 & CSS3 Readiness</h2>
<a href="http://html5readiness.com/" target ="_blank">HTML5 & CSS3 Readiness</a><br/>
<img src="images/screenshots/html5-css3-readiness.png"/>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Can I Use?</h2>
<a href="http://caniuse.com/" target ="_blank">Can I Use?</a><br/>
<img src="images/screenshots/caniuse-border-radius.png"/>
</section>
<section>
<h2>HTML5 Please</h2>
<a href="http://html5please.com/" target ="_blank">HTML5 Please</a><br/>
<img src="images/screenshots/html5-please.png"/>
</section>
</section>
<!-- Resources-->
<section>
<section>
<h2>Helpful Resources</h2>
</section>
<section>
<img src="images/W3C_Icon.svg">
<p>
<a href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/single-page.html" target ="_blank">W3C HTML5 specs</a>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src="images/html5rocks.png"/>
<p>
<a href="http://www.html5rocks.com" target ="_blank">http://www.html5rocks.com</a>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src="images/Mozilla-Developer-Network.png"/>
<p>
<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org" target ="_blank">https://developer.mozilla.org</a>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src="images/html5doctor.png"/>
<p>
<a href="http://html5doctor.com" target ="_blank">http://html5doctor.com</a>
</p>
</section>
</section>
<!-- What does it mean?-->
<section>
<section>
<h3>So what's so cool about it?</h3>
<img src="images/html5.svg" style ="height:75%"/>
<p>Too much to cover in our time together</p>
<p>But here are some highlights:</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Marks some old things obsolete</h2>
<p>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<ul>
<li>Deprecated items (e.g. frame, frameset, noframes)</li>
<li>Presentational elements and attributes replaced by CSS (e.g.
font, big, center)</li>
</ul>
</p>
<a href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/single-page.html#obsolete">reference</a>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Redefines a few things</h2>
<p>Gives some old elements semantic meaning and separates them from
presentation (e.g. b, i, strong, em)</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Adds a bunch of new features</h2>
<ul class="html5-features">
<li>
<span>semantics</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_semantics.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>offline & storage</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_offline_storage.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>device access</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_device_access.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>connectivity</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_connectivity.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>multimedia</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_multimedia.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>3D & graphics</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_effects_3d.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>performance</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_perfintegration.svg" />
</li>
<li>
<span>presentation</span>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_css3_styling.svg" />
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<!-- DOCTYPE-->
<section>
<section>
<h2>HTML5 Doctype</h2>
<pre><code class="xml">
<!DOCTYPE html>
</code></pre>
<p>
Minimum information required to ensure that a browser renders using
standards mode
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Old Doctypes</h2>
<pre><code class="xml">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
</code></pre>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h2>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_semantics.svg" height="50">
Semantic HTML
</h2>
<blockquote cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_HTML">The use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics, or meaning, of the information in webpages rather than merely to define its presentation (look).</blockquote>
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_HTML">-Wikipedia</a>
</section>
<section>
<h2>
<img src="images/html5-logo/html5_semantics.svg" height="50">
Semantics
</h2>
<p>
<h3>Give meaning to structure</h3>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>
Not Semantic
</h2>
<pre><code>
<div id="header"></div>
</code></pre>
<pre><code>
<div class="nav"></div>
</code></pre>
<pre><code>
<div id="footer"></div>
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>
Semantic
</h2>
<pre><code>
<header></header>
</code></pre>
<pre><code>
<nav></nav>
</code></pre>
<pre><code>
<footer></footer>
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>New Structural Elements</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h2><section></h2>
<ul>
<li>Group together thematically related content</li>
<li>Similar to prior use of the div, but div has no semantic
meaning</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><header></h2>
<ul>
<li>Container for a group of introductory or navigational
aids</li>
<li>Document can have multiple header elements</li>
<li>E.g. One for the page, one for each section</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><footer></h2>
<ul>
<li>Contains information about its containing element</li>
<li>E.g. who wrote it, copyright, links to related content,
etc.</li>
<li>Document can have multiple footer elements</li>
<li>E.g. One for the page, one for each section</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><aside></h2>
<ul>
<li>Tangentially related content</li>
<li>E.g. sidebar, pull quotes</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><nav></h2>
<ul>
<li>Contains major navigational information</li>
<li>Usually a list of links</li>
<li>Often lives in the header</li>
<li>E.g. site navigation</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><article></h2>
<ul>
<li>Self-contained related content</li>
<li>E.g. blog posts, news stories, comments, reviews, forum
posts</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<p>
<a href="http://html5doctor.com" target = "_blank"><img src="images/html5doctor.png"/></a>
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://html5doctor.com/element-index/" target ="_blank">element index</a>
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://html5doctor.com/downloads/h5d-sectioning-flowchart.pdf" target = "_blank">
sectioning flowchart</a>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Not Semantic</h2>
<pre><code>
<body>
<div id="header">
<h1>Hi, I'm a header!</h1>
<div id="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="foo">foo</a></li>
<li><a href="bar">bar</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="main">
<div class="article">foo</div>
<div class="article">bar</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">Hi, I'm a footer!</div>
</body>
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>A lot of Divs</h2>
<pre><code>
<body>
<div id="header">
<h1>Hi, I'm a header!</h1>
<div id="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="foo">foo</a></li>
<li><a href="bar">bar</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="main">
<div class="article">foo</div>
<div class="article">bar</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">Hi, I'm a footer!</div>
</body></code></pre>
<p>also known as div-itis</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Semantic</h2>
<pre><code>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Hi, I'm a header!</h1>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.foo.com">foo</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.bar.com">bar</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<section>
<article>foo</article>
<article>bar</article>
</section>
<footer>Hi, I'm a footer!</footer>
</body></code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Semantic Markup Enhances</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Accessibility</li>
<li class="fragment">Searchability</li>
<li class="fragment">Internationalization</li>
<li class="fragment">Interoperability</li>
</ul>
<p class="fragment">It also helps treat the plague of div-itis!</p>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>What about old browsers?</h2>
<a href="http://caniuse.com/#feat=html5semantic" target = "_blank">
<img src="images/screenshots/caniuse-semantics.png"/>
</a>
</section>
<section>
<h2>HTML5Shiv</h2>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/html5shiv/">HTML5Shiv</a>
<p>HTML5 IE enabling script</p>
<pre><code><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]--></code></pre>
<blockquote class="fragment">polyfill (n): a JavaScript shim that replicates the standard API for older browsers</blockquote>
</section>
</section>
<!-- Let's Develop It-->
<section>
<h2>Let's Develop It</h2>
<p class = "blue">Modify the site to use semantic HTML</p>
<p>
<ul>
<li>Change one small thing at a time</li>
<li>Remember to modify the CSS to match the HTML</li>
<li>You have 10-15 minutes to get started</li>
<li>You won't be able to change everything - if we have time, you
can continue at the end of the workshop</li>
</ul>
</p>
</section>
<!-- -->
<section>
<h2>Questions?</h2>
<div style = "font-size:1200%; height:100%; margin-top:40%" class ="blue">?
<div class ="clear"></div></div>
</section>
</div>
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<div class="copyright">
Intermediate HTML/CSS ~ Girl Develop It ~
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