feat(er): capture manual exceptions

[P403n1x87]

We add a span.exception event listener when Exception Replay is enabled to capture any exception information that is manually attached to a span.

Checklist

• PR author has checked that all the criteria below are met
• The PR description includes an overview of the change
• The PR description articulates the motivation for the change
• The change includes tests OR the PR description describes a testing strategy
• The PR description notes risks associated with the change, if any
• Newly-added code is easy to change
• The change follows the library release note guidelines
• The change includes or references documentation updates if necessary
• Backport labels are set (if applicable)

Reviewer Checklist

• Reviewer has checked that all the criteria below are met
• Title is accurate
• All changes are related to the pull request's stated goal
• Avoids breaking API changes
• Testing strategy adequately addresses listed risks
• Newly-added code is easy to change
• Release note makes sense to a user of the library
• If necessary, author has acknowledged and discussed the performance implications of this PR as reported in the benchmarks PR comment
• Backport labels are set in a manner that is consistent with the release branch maintenance policy

[datadog-dd-trace-py-rkomorn]

Datadog Report

Branch report: chore/er-capture-exception-api
Commit report: 2ce194d
Test service: dd-trace-py

✅ 0 Failed, 121904 Passed, 20088 Skipped, 3h 54m 8.12s Total duration (1m 42.43s time saved)

[pr-commenter]

Benchmarks

Benchmark execution time: 2024-08-30 17:06:57

Comparing candidate commit 2ce194d in PR branch chore/er-capture-exception-api with baseline commit 12655ee in branch main.

Found 0 performance improvements and 0 performance regressions! Performance is the same for 353 metrics, 47 unstable metrics.

[github-actions]

CODEOWNERS have been resolved as:

releasenotes/notes/chore-er-capture-exception-api-86a0a00e0b412567.yaml  @DataDog/apm-python
ddtrace/bootstrap/preload.py                                            @DataDog/apm-core-python
ddtrace/debugging/_debugger.py                                          @DataDog/debugger-python
ddtrace/debugging/_exception/replay.py                                  @DataDog/debugger-python
tests/debugging/exception/test_replay.py                                @DataDog/debugger-python
tests/debugging/mocking.py                                              @DataDog/debugger-python